[14]

SOLUTION TO QUESTION BANK ON STRAIGHT LINE

78. PQ = QR ⇒ Q is the mid point of PR Clearly A and B lie on opposite sides with respect to the
a+c b+c+a+b line y = x . Since P is a point on y = x & in the triangle
∴ (b, c + a ) =  , 
 2 2  APB, AP + PB ≥ AB therefore, AP + PB]min = AB .
a +c b+c+a +b Hence for AP + PB to be minimum P must be the point
⇒ =b & = c+a of intersection of y = x & AB .
2 2
⇒ a + c = 2b & a + c = 2b ⇒ a, b, c are in AP. (a) Equation of AB is:
79. The mid point of PQ is mid point of AB and hence the (y − 3) =  2 − 3 (x − 1) ⇒ x + 2y − 7 = 0 .
 25 + 55 37 − 17   3 −1 
coordinates are  ,  ≡ (40,10 ) (c) Solving with y = x :
 2 2 
7 7 7 7
x + 2y − 7 = 0 ⇒ x =
, y = ⇒ P is  , . (d)
3 3  3 3
x y b
84. Slope of + = 1 is m1 = − .
a b a
x y a/
Slope of + = 1 is m 2 = − .
b/ a/ b/
AC 3 1 1 1 1 a/b
80. AC = 3BC ⇒ = ⇒ AC : CB :: 3 : 1 ∴ + = 0⇒ =− ⇒ = −1
CB 1 a/b ab / a/b ab / ab /
 b  a 
/
⇒  −  −  = −1
 a  b / 

⇒ m 1 m 2 = −1 (c)
85. x cos α + y sin α = p1 …(i)
 3 × 3 − 1× −3 3 × −4 − 1 × 4  x cos β + y sin β = p 2 …(ii)
∴ C(x , y ) =  ,  = (6,−8) (c)
 3 −1 3 −1  m1 = slope of first line = − cot α
81. y − y1 = m(x − x 1 ) m 2 = slope of second line = − cot β
⇒ y = mx + (y1 − mx1 ) Lines are perpendicular if m1 m 2 = −1 .
⇒ y = mx + c , where m is constant but c is a variable ⇒ (− cot α )(− cot β ) = −1
since y1 is variable. ⇒ cot α. cot β = −1 ⇒ cot α = − tan β
Hence y − y1 = m(x − x 1 ) represents a set of parallel π  π
⇒ tan − α  = tan (− β ) ⇒ − α = nπ + (− β )
lines. (b)  2  2
82. P(a , b ) lies on 3x + 2 y = 13 ⇒ 3a + 2b = 13 …(i) π π
⇒ β − α = nπ − ⇒ β − α = nπ − , n ∈ I
Q(b, a ) lies on 4 x − y = 5 ⇒ 4b − a = 5 …(ii) 2 2
Solving (i) and (ii): a = 3, b = 2 π 3π 5π
⇒ α −β = , , , …. (c)
Hence equation of line PQ is: 2 2 2
 3− 2  a b c
y−2 = (x − 3) ⇒ x + y − 5 = 0 . (b) 86. 1 = 1 = 1 = λ say
 2−3 a 2 b2 c2
83. The line y = x and relative position of A(1,3) and a1 b c
⇒ = a 2 , 1 = b2 , 1 = c2
B(3,2 ) is as shown below: λ λ λ
∴ u + kv = 0
⇒ (a 1 x + b1 y + c1 ) + k (a 2 x + b 2 y + c 2 ) = 0
a b c 
⇒ (a 1 x + b1 y + c1 ) + k 1 x + 1 y + 1  = 0
 λ λ λ 
 k
⇒ 1 +  (a 1 x + b1 y + c1 ) = 0
 λ
⇒ a 1 x + b 1 y + c1 = 0 (a)

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [15]

87. a + b + c = 0 ⇒ a + b = −c , b + c = −a , c + a = − b −ca −cb

⇒ >0& > 0 ⇒ ac < 0 & bc < 0 (c)
2
∴ ax + (b + c )y = P ⇒ ax − ay = P ⇒ y = x −
P a b2
a  −1 +1 − 4  4 1
P 93. Ratio = − = = (a)
bx + (c + a )y = P ⇒ bx − by = P ⇒ y = x −  5+7−4  8 2
b
94. Equation of y-axis is x = 0 ⇒ x + 0 y + 0 = 0 . Hence
P
cx + (a + b )y = P ⇒ cx − cy = P ⇒ y = x −  − 3 + 0(− 4) + 0  3
c Ratio = −  = (c)
Hence the lines are a set of non-intersecting parallel  1 + 0(− 2) + 0  1
lines. (a) 95. tan (180 − θ ) = slope of AB = −3
88. If x-intercept is a then y-intercept is 2a. Hence the
⇒ tan (180 − θ ) = −3
x y
line is in the form of + = 1 . But it passes through ⇒ tan θ = 3
a 2a
OC OC
(1, 2) . ∴ = tan θ, = cot θ
AC BC
1 2
∴ + = 1⇒ a = 2 . OC
a 2a BC AC tan θ
x y ⇒ = = = tan 2 θ = 9 (d)
∴ + = 1 ⇒ 2x + y = 4 . (a) AC OC cot θ
2 4 BC
89. 3x + 4 y = 12 ⇒
3x 4 y
+
x y
= 1⇒ + = 1 96. (L1 = L 2 + L 3 ) ⇒ The lines are concurrent. (c)
97. Given P(2, 7 ), Q(4, − 1) , R (− 2, 6) .
12 12 4 3
Hence the required line is:
x y ∴ PQ = 68 , PR = 17 , QR = 85
+ = 1 ⇒ 9 x + 8 y = 72 (a)
2 × 4 3× 3 ⇒ PQ 2 + PR 2 = QR 2
x y
90. Let equation of line AB be + = 1 , where A (a , 0) , ⇒ ∆PQR is right angled. (b)
a b 98. Sides of a triangle ABC are given by x = 3 , y = 4 ,
a b 3x + 4 y = 6 . It forms a right angle triangle ABC with
B(0, b ) . Mid-point of AB is  ,  ≡ (x 1 , y1 ) , given.
2 2 B(3, 4) as right angle.
a b
∴ = x 1 , = y1 ⇒ a = 2x 1 , b = 2 y1 .
2 2
x y x y x y
∴ + = 1⇒ + =1⇒ + =2 (a)
a b 2 x 1 2 y1 x 1 y1
x y
91. ax + by + 8 = 0 ⇒ + =1
−8/ a −8/ b
2x 3y x y
2 x − 3y + 6 = 0 ⇒ − =1⇒ + =1 Hence B is the orthocenter as perpendiculars drawn
(− 6) (− 6) −3 2 from A and C meet at B. (d)
According to the given condition: 99.
8 8 8
− = −(− 3) & − = −2 ⇒ a = − , b = 4 . (d)
a b 3
x y
92. ax + by + c = 0 ⇒ ax + by = −c ⇒ + = 1.
−c/a −c/ b
Since origin lies below and to the left of the above line
therefore the x-intercept and the y-intercept are both
positive. Sides of triangle ABC are: AB ≡ x + y − 1 = 0
BC ≡ 4 x − y + 4 = 0
CA ≡ 2 x + 3y − 6 = 0
Solving AB & AC the vertex A is (−3,4 ) and solving
 3 8
AB and BC the vertex B is  − ,  .
 5 5
Equation of altitude AD:
−c −c x + 4 y = (−3) + 4(4 ) ⇒ x + 4 y − 13 = 0 …(i)
∴ >0 & >0
a b Equation of altitude BE:
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [16]

 3 8
3x − 2 y = 3 −  − 2  ⇒ 3x − 2 y + 5 = 0 …(ii)
 5 5
 3 22 
Solving (i) and (ii): H ≡  ,  , which lies in first
7 7 
quadrant. (a)

100. xy = 0, x + y = 1 ⇒ x = 0 , y = 0 , x + y = 1 . −1 −1
Slope of PP / = = =2
These are the sides of a triangle which form right slope of AB −1 / 2
angled at O(0,0 ) . Hence (0, 0) is orthocenter. (c)
Let the line PP / makes angle θ with x-axis.
1 2
 3 − 1   1 1   1 ∴ tan θ = 2 ⇒ cos θ = & sin θ =
101. A 2, , B , − , C 2,− 
  2 2  
5 5
 2 2
  Length of AB = 5
3 15
∴Length of MP = 5 sin 60 o = 5 × =
2 2
∴Equation MP in parametric form:
r 3 2r
x = 4+ ,y= +
5 2 5
Evidently ABC is a right-angled triangle. So its
orthocenter is C.
NOTE: Since A and C have same x-coordinates
(b)
To find P (or P )/
put r =
± 15
2
. Hence possible
therefore AC is parallel to y-axis. Similarly since B and co-ordinates of P are:
C have same y-coordinates therefore BC is parallel to    
x-axis. Hence AC and BC are perpendicular lines.  4 + 3 , 3 + 3  or 4 − 3 , 3 − 3  .
 2 2   2 2 
   
102. OA = a , OB = b , AB = a 2 + b 2 .  3 3 
Clearly  4 + , + 3  lies on opposite side of the
 2 2 
 
origin with respect to AB.
Again, Since the triangle is equilateral, its orthocenter
and centroid are coincident, which is given by
 
 3 + 5 + 4 + 3 2 +1+ 3 + 3 
So coordinates of incentre are:  2 , 2  =  4 + 1 , 3 + 1 
 3 3   2 3 2

a ×0 + a × b + 0× a 2 + b2 ab    3
x= =
 
a + b + a 2 + b2 a + b + a 2 + b2 (c)
b×a + b×0 + 0× a 2 + b2 105. AD = Length of perpendicular from A on x + y − 2 = 0
y=
a + b + a2 + b2 2 −1 − 2 1
⇒ AD = =
=
ab (d) 1+1 2
a + b + a2 + b2 1
⇒ AB sin 60 o =
2
103. The given triangle is right angled with right angled at
 3
the vertex (0, 0) and hypoteneous the line joining ⇒ (AB) = 1
(0, a) & (b, 0). Hence the orthocenter is (0, 0) and  2 
  2
b a
its circumcenter is  ,  , the mid point of 2
2 2 ⇒ AB = (a)
3
a 2 + b2 106. OA = a
hypoteneous. So the required distance is .
2 2  2
 a a 3  a 2 3a 2
(d) AB =  a −  +  − 0 = + =a
 2  2  4 4
 3 + 5 2 +1  3   
104. M ≡  ,  ≡  4, 
 2 2   2
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [17]

2 1
a
2 
a 3  Hence BM = MC = BC = 2 3 .
BO =   +  =a 2
2  2  π
  1
Also ∠BAM = ∠BAC = .
2 3
Also length of AB = OA + OB = (1 + OB ) .
In the triangle BMA:
(1 + OB) cos 30 o = 2 3
2
⇒ 1 + OB = 2 3 × =4
3
Hence the triangle is equilateral. So incentre is same as ⇒ OB = 3
1 a 1  3a    a 3a 
centroid   a + ,  ≡ , (b)
 3
 2  3  2    2 6 

107. From the nature of the vertices the triangle seems to be

an equilateral triangle. Also, if two vertices of an
equilateral triangle are (1,2 ) and (2,1) then the possible −1
Hence B ≡ (3,0) & m of BC = tan 150 o =
coordinates of third vertex are: 3
 (1 + 2 ) + 3 (2 − 1) (2 + 1) − 3 (1 − 2 )  −1
 ,  Hence equation of BC is y − 0 = (x − 3) (a)
 2 2  3
 
110. Since ABC is isosceles triangle therefore base BC is
 (1 + 2 ) − 3 (2 − 1) (2 + 1) + 3 (1 − 2 )  equally inclined to both AB and AC. Let slopes of AB,
or  ,  BC and CA be respectively m1 , m & m 2 . Also AC
 2 2 
 
1
being parallel to y-axis =0.
3+ 3 3+ 3    m2
≡ ,  or  3 − 3 , 3 − 3 
 2 2   2  a −0 1
  2 m = m BC = =−
0 − 2a 2
Since one of the vertices of the given triangle is
 m − m1   m − m2 
 3+ 3 3+ 3  ∴   = − 
 ,  therefore the triangle is equilateral.  1 + mm 1  1 + mm 2 
 2 2 

 m 
Hence its orthocenter and circumcenter coincide. (a)  −1 
 m − m1 
 = − 2 
m
108. The vertex A lies on the perpendicular bisector of the ⇒   1 
 1 + mm 1
 m + m 
line BC.
 2 
1  
− − m1  
0 − 1
⇒ 2 = − 
 1  1
1 +  −  m1 0− 
2 −1  2  2
Slope of BC = = −1
1− 2 1 + 2 m1
⇒ = 2 ⇒ 1 + 2 m1 = 4 − 2 m1
 2 +1 1+ 2   3 3  2 − m1
Mid point D of BC =  , = , .
 2 2  2 2 3
Hence equation of altitude AD: ⇒ 4m1 = 3 ⇒ m1 = .
4
3  3 3
y − = 1 x −  ⇒ x − y = 0 .
2  2 Hence equation of the side BA is: y − a = (x − 0)
4
Solving x − y = 0 and x − 2 y = 0 : x = 0, y = 0 . ⇒ 3x − 4 y + 4a = 0
2−0 Alternative:
Slope of AC = =2
1− 0 a −0 1
Slope of BC = =−
Equation of AC: y − 0 = 2(x − 0 ) ⇒ y = 2 x (b) 0 − 2a 2
109. Let AM is perpendicular to BC.

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [18]

Hence slope of perpendicular bisector of BC is 2. Also = (1 / 2)d[z − 2 y + x ]

 a
mid point of BC is  a ,  . Equation of perpendicular
 2
[
= (1 / 2)d xr 2 − 2 xr + x ] = (1 / 2)dx (r − 1)2 , which is
bisector of BC is: independent of a. (a)
a 113. x + 2 y = 1 ⇒ x + 2 y = 1 , x − 2 y = 1
y − = 2(x − a ) ⇒ 2 y − a = 4 x − 4a
2 x y x y
⇒ 4x − 2 y − 3a = 0 . ⇒ + = 1 and + =1
1 (1 / 2 ) 1 (− 1 / 2 )
Solving x = 2a & 4x − 2 y − 3a = 0 the vertex A is
1 1
5a Clearly BC = + = 1, OA = 1 .
−a 2 2
 5a  2 3
 2a ,  . Hence slope of AB = = .
 2 2a − 0 4
Hence equation of AB:
3
y − a = (x − 0) ⇒ 3x − 4 y + 4a = 0 (b)
4
 1+ 4 2 − 2   5 
111. Mind point P of AC ≡  ,  ≡  ,0 
 2 2  2 
−2 − 2 −4 OA . BC 1× 1 1
Slope of AC = = Area of ABC = = = . (b)
4 −1 3 2 2 2
3 114. Points are collinear ⇒ Area = 0
Slope of perpendicular bisector of AC = .
4 k 2 − 2k 1
1 R 2 → R 2 − R1
⇒ 1− k 2k 1 =0,
2 R 3 → R 3 − R1
− k − 4 6 − 2k 1
k 2 − 2k 1
⇒ 1 − 2k 4k − 2 0 = 0
3 3 4 − 2k − 4
∴ tan θ = ⇒ sin θ = & cos θ = 4 0
4 5 5
⇒ 4(1 − 2k ) + (2k + 4)(4k − 2) = 0
( )
1 1 2 5
Length of PA = AC = 3 + 42 = ⇒ (4 − 8k ) + 12k + 8k 2 − 8 = 0 ⇒ 2k 2 + k − 1 = 0
2 2 2
∴Parametric equation of the straight line BP : 1
⇒ (2k − 1)(k + 1) = 0 ⇒ k = −1, . (a)
5 4 3 2
x = + r , y = 0 + r  .
2 5 5 115. The given points are collinear if
a x 1
5 5 R 2 → R 2 − R 1 
Substituting r = and r = − in above equation: b y 1 =0 ,
2 2  
c z 1 R 3 → R 3 − R 1 
 9 3  1 −3
The possible coordinates of are B ≡  ,  ,  , .
2 2 2 2  a x 1
Alternative: ⇒ b−a x−y 0 =0
 (1 + 4 ) ± (2 − (− 2)) (2 + (− 2 )) ∓ (1 − 4)  c−b z−y 0
B≡ , 
 2 2  ⇒ (b − a )(z − y ) − (c − b )(x − y ) = 0
 5 ± 4 0 ∓ (− 3)   9 3   1 − 3  ∵ a , b, c are in AP 
≡ ,  ≡  , or ,  (d) ⇒ (z − y ) = (x − y ) ,  
 2 2  2 2 2 2 
⇒ b − a = c − b 
a x 1 x+z
1 ⇒y=
112. Area of the given triangle is b y 1 2
2
c z 1 Since x, y, z are in GP therefore y = xz
a x 1 x+z
1 ⇒ xz = ⇒ (x − z )2 = 0 ⇒ x = z = y (d)
= b−a y−x 0 [R 3 → R 3 − R 2 , R 2 → R 2 − R 1 ] 2
2
c−b z−y 0 116. The point (0, β) lies on y-axis.
= (1 / 2 )[(b − a )(z − y ) − (c − b )(y − x )]

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [19]

x y  x + 3x 2 h
First side is 3x + y + 2 = 0 ⇒ + =1. Hence co-ordinates of E & F are  1 , y1 + 
− 2 / 3 (− 2 )  4 2
 3x + x 2 h
and  1 , y1 +  respectively. Hence
 4 2
h
y1 +
− y1
2 2h
m1 = slope of BE = =
x 1 + 3x 2 3(x 2 − x 1 )
− x1
4
x y 2h
Second side is 2 x − 3y = −5 ⇒ + = 1. m 2 = slope of CF =
−5/ 2 5/3 3(x 1 − x 2 )
x y Hence m1 + m 2 = 0 . (b)
Third side is x + 4 y − 14 = 0 ⇒ + =1.
7 7/2 121. Let orthocenter (1,1) be the point H. Hence reflection of
From the diagram, it is clear that β lies on or inside the
H about any side of the triangle ABC lies on circum
5
triangle if ≤ β ≤ .
7
(c) circle of the triangle ABC. Let reflection of H (1, 1)
about side BC be the point P(x, y ) . Hence
3 2
117. xy > 0 ⇒ x > 0, y > 0 or x < 0, y < 0
x −1 y −1  1+1+ 2 
= = −2 

1 1  12 + 12 
⇒ x − 1 = y − 1 = −4 ⇒ x = −3, y = −3

Equation of straight line AB is x + y − 1 = 0

∴ x + y −1 < 0
⇒ P lies on the origin side of the line AB.
⇒ P lies either inside ∆OAB or in third quadrant. (a)
118. AB = 10, BC = 5 . Hence circum radius is SP = (2 + 3)2 + 3 2 = 34 (c)
122. Let orthocenter (1,1) be the point H. Hence reflection of
AD 10 2
By bisector property: = =
DC 5 1 H about any side of the triangle ABC lies on circum
circle of the triangle ABC. Let reflection of H (1, 1)
about side BC be the point P(x , y ) . Hence
x −1 y −1  1+1+ 2 
= = −2 

1 1  12 + 12 
⇒ x − 1 = y − 1 = −4 ⇒ x = −3, y = −3
1 1
Hence co-ordinates of D are  ,  .
3 3
Hence equation of BD is:
1
y − 1 = (x − 5) ⇒ x − 7 y + 2 = 0 . (b)
7
119. Area of the two triangles is equal. This does not give
any special result. (d)
120. Let triangle ABC be as shown in figure
Hence circum radius is SP = (2 + 3)2 + 3 2 = 34

Equation of AH:
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [20]

y − 1 = 1 × (x − 1) ⇒ x − y = 0 = 2 n +1 a 2 − 21 a 2
Since A lies on x − y = 0 therefore, let coordinates of A = Area of ∆POx n +1 − Area of ∆POx 1 (a)
are (a , a ) . Hence 1
NOTE: Area of ∆POx n = (x n )(2a ) = 2 n a 2
SA = R ⇒ (2 − a )2 + (0 − a )2 = 34 2

⇒ (2 − a )2 + a 2 = 34 ⇒ 2a 2 − 4a − 30 = 0 124. 3x − 2 y = 1 ⇒ 3x − 2 y − 1 = 0
2
⇒ a − 2a − 15 = 0 ⇒ a = 5, − 3 9
6 x + 9 = 4 y ⇒ 3x − 2 y + =0
2
9
− (− 1)
2 11 11
∴d = = = (b)
2
3 +2 2 2 13 52

125. There are two parallel lines to L1 at a distance of 2

units and 2 parallel lines to L 2 at a distance of 5 units
and these 4 lines intersect at 4 points. (c)

Hence possible co-ordinates of A are (−3, − 3) and

(5, 5) . But H(1, 1) and S(2, 0) both lie on positive side of
the line x + y + 2 = 0 . Also (5, 5) lies on the positive
side of the line BC while (−3, − 3) lies on negative side
of BC. Also in any triangle centroid (G) lies on the line
joining H and S and it always lies inside the triangle. 126. The point (a , 2) is a point between the lines
Hence (−3, − 3) is rejected and (5, 5) is accepted. 3x + 4 y − 2 = 0 and 3x + 4 y − 5 = 0 .
(b) ⇒ (3a + 4 × 2 − 2 )(3a + 4 × 2 − 5) < 0
a a ⇒ (3a + 6)(3a + 3) < 0
123. tan θ1 = = ⇒ x 1 − a = a ⇒ x 1 = 2a
a x1 − a ⇒ (a + 2)(a + 1) < 0
∆PMP1 ∆P1A x1 ⇒ −2 < a < −1 (a)

127. The sides of the quadrilateral are:

ax + by + c = 0 …(i)
ax + by − c = 0 …(ii)
a a
tan θ 2 = = ⇒ x 2 − x1 = x1 ⇒ x 2 = 2 2 a ax − by + c = 0 …(iii)
x1 x 2 − x1
ax − by − c = 0 …(iv)
∆PMP2 ∆P2 x1x 2
c+c 2c
P1 = =
a a
tan θ 3 = = ⇒ x 3 − x 2 = x 2 ⇒ x 3 = 23 a a 2 + b2 a2 + b2
x2 x3 − x2
∆PMP2 ∆P3x 2 x 3 c+c 2c
P2 = =
Similarly x 4 = 2 4 a , x 5 = 2 5 a ,..., x n = 2 n a . Hence a 2 + b2 a2 + b2
∆POx 1 + ∆POx 2 + ∆POx 3 + ... + ∆POx n −1 + ∆POx n Since P1 = P2 therefore the given lines enclose a
1 rhombus. (c)
= (x 1 )(2a ) + 1 (x 2 )(2a ) + ... + 1 (x n −1 )(2a ) + 1 (x n )(2a )
2 2 2 2
= a (x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + ... + x n −1 + x n ) 128. In any rhombus the diagonals are the corresponding

( )
angle bisectors. Hence, if ℓ 1 and ℓ 2 are any two lines
= a 2a + 2 2 a + 2 3 a + ... + 2 n −1 a + 2 n a parallel to the any two non parallel sides of a rhombus
  2 − 1 
( ) then angle bisectors of ℓ 1 & ℓ 2 are parallel to the
n
= a 2 2  = a 2 2 n +1 − 2
  2 − 1 
diagonals of the rhombus.

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [21]

 7   9 
x = 0 + r  , y = 0 + r
  130 

 130   
For point C, clearly r = 12 .
 84 108 
∴ C ≡  , 

 130 130 
ℓ1 ≡ x − y + 2 = 0 Hence equation of BC (parallel to OA) is:
ℓ 2 ≡ 7x − y + 3 = 0  84   108  180
3x − 4 y = 3  − 4
 
 ⇒ 3x − 4 y =
 .
Equations of angle bisectors of ℓ 1 & ℓ 2 :  130   130  130
Equation of AC (parallel to OB) is:
 x−y+2   
  = ± 7 x − y + 3   84   108 
 2 2   2 2  12x − 5y = 12  − 5
 


 1 +1   7 +1   130   130 
x−y+2  7x − y + 3  ⇒ 12x − 5y =
468
⇒ = ± 

(a)
2  5 2  130
⇒ 5(x − y + 2) = ±(7 x − y + 3)
130. The square is as shown below.

⇒ 2 x + 4 y − 7 = 0 or 12 x − 6 y + 13 = 0
1
⇒ Slope of the diagonals are − ,2
2
Hence equations of the diagonals are:
1
y − 2 = − (x − 1) or y − 2 = 2(x − 1)
2 The co-ordinates of the vertices are O(0, 0), A(1, 0) ,
⇒ 2 y − 4 = − x + 1 or y − 2 = 2 x − 2 B(1, 1), C(0, 1) . Hence the equation of the diagonals are
⇒ x + 2 y − 5 = 0 or 2 x − y = 0 given by:
1− 0
Since any of the above diagonals can be AC and A lies
on y-axis therefore vertex A is obtained by putting
y−0 = (x − 0) and x + y = 1
1− 0 1 1
x=0. ⇒ y = x and x + y = 1 (a)
∴ 0 + 2 y − 5 = 0 or 0 − y = 0
131. P = ON = OM + MN
5 = Perpendicular distance from O to AB + AD
⇒ y= or y = 0
2 2
= +2 2
 5
⇒ A ≡  0,  or (0, 0) (a) 2
 2 = 2 +2 2
129. Let OA : 3x − 4 y = 0 and OB : 12 x − 5 y = 0
=3 2 (c)
Clearly OA and OB intersected at O(0,0 ) . Also OACB 132. Let the side length of the square be 'a' and ∠BAO = θ
is a rhombus lying in first quadrant. Hence ∠AOB is ⇒ ∠ C1 BC = ∠D1 DA = θ
acute angle. Hence OC is the acute bisector of the lines
⇒ A ≡ (a cos θ,0 ), B ≡ (0, a sin θ )
OA and OB. The bisectors are:
3x − 4 y  12 x − 5y  C ≡ (a sin θ, a sin θ + a cos θ ) &
= ±  D ≡ (a cos θ + a sin θ, a cos θ)
5  13 
Thus, a sin θ = 12, a sin θ + a cos θ = 17
⇒ a cos θ = 5 ⇒ D ≡ (17,5) . (b)
133. Take the two perpendicular lines as x and y-axes and the
⇒ 39 x − 52 y = ± (60 x − 25 y ) point as P(x, y ) . Then sum of distances of P(x, y ) from
⇒ 9 x − 7 y = 0,7 x + 9 y = 0 x and y-axes is 1.
9 ⇒ x + y =1
But 9 x − 7 y = 0 represents OC as its slope = .
7 ⇒ x + y = 1 , − x + y = 1 , x − y = 1, − x − y = 1
9 9 7 Clearly the above lines form a square. (a)
Let tan α = ⇒ sin α = , cos α = .
7 130 130  − 4 + 4 −1 + 0   −1 
134. Mid point of AC =  ,  =  0, 
Hence parametric equation of OC is:  2 2   2 

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [22]

 −2+ 2 −4+3  1 136. Mid-point M of diagonal AC is:

Mid point of BD =  ,  =  0,− 
 2 2   2
Hence ABCD is a parallelogram.
−4 + 1 3
m AB = =−
−2+4 2
0+4 2
m BC = =
4+2 3  1+ 5 3 +1 
∴ m AB × m BC = −1 . M ,  = M (3, 2)
 2 2 
Since AB and BC are perpendicular therefore ABCD is The equation of other diagonal through M and of
a rectangle. gradient 2 is: y − 2 = 2(x − 3) ⇒ 2 x − y − 4 = 0 . (b)
Also AB = 2 2 + 3 2 = 13 , BC = 6 2 + 4 2 = 52 137. Let ABCD be the rectangle where A is (1,2 ) and C is
Hence ABCD is not a square. (b) (5,5) . Hence mid point M of AC is:
135. Let ABCD be the rectangle whose side BC is
 5 −1 5 + 2   7 
4 x + 7 y + 5 = 0 . Also the point (−3, 1) satisfies the M≡ ,  ≡  3,  .
 2 2   2
equation 4 x + 7 y + 5 = 0 . Let B be the point (−3, 1) .

Hence the point (1, 1) is either coordinates of point A or

Length of AC = (5 − 1)2 + (5 − 2)2
=5
point D. Let A be (1, 1) . Hence
1 5
1 −1 4 ∴ MB = MD = MA = MC = AC = .
m AB = = 0 and m BC = − 2 2
1+ 3 7 Also, as per question BD is along the line x = 3 . Hence
Since AB is not perpendicular to BC, therefore, (1, 1) BD is parallel to y-axis.
can not be the point A. Hence (1, 1) must be point the D.  7 5  7 5
∴ B ≡  3, −  ≡ (3, 1) , D ≡  3, +  ≡ (3,6 ) (d)
Equation of BA:  2 2  2 2
138. Let S(x , y ) .
It is a line passing through B(−3, 1) and perpendicular to
4x + 7 y + 5 = 0 . ∴ SQ 2 + SR 2 = 2SP 2
∴ 7 x − 4 y = 7(−3) − 4(1) ⇒ 7 x − 4 y + 25 = 0 { }{ } {
⇒ (x + 1)2 + y 2 + (x − 2)2 + y 2 = 2 (x − 1)2 + y 2 }
Equation of CD: ⇒ −2 x + 5 = −4 x + 2 ⇒ 2 x + 3 = 0
It is a line passing through D(1, 1) and perpendicular to ⇒ Locus of S is a straight line parallel to y-axis. (d)
4x + 7 y + 5 = 0 .
139. OP + PM = 4
∴ 7 x − 4 y = 7(1) − 4(1) ⇒ 7 x − 4 y − 3 = 0
Equation of DA: ⇒ x2 + y2 + x − 2 = 4
It is a line passing through D(1, 1) and parallel to
4x + 7 y + 5 = 0 .
∴ 4 x + 7 y = 4(1) + 7(1) ⇒ 4 x + 7 y − 11 = 0 (a)
NOTE:
The equation of the line parallel to the line
ax + by + c = 0 and passing through the point (x 1 , y1 )
is given by ax + by = ax1 + by1 .
The equation of the line perpendicular to line
⇒ x2 + y2 = 4 − x − 2
ax + by + c = 0 and passing through the point (x 1 , y1 )
is given by bx − ay = bx 1 − ay1 . ⇒ x 2 + y 2 = 16 + (x − 2 )2 − 8 x − 2

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [23]

⇒ x 2 + y 2 = 20 − 4 x + x 2 − 8 x − 2 ⇒ x=
p
,y =
p
2 cos α 2 sin α
⇒ y 2 = 20 − 4 x − 8 x − 2 p p
⇒ cos α = & sin α =
⇒ y 2 = 20 − 4 x ± 8(x − 2 ) 2x 2y
2 2
⇒ y 2 = 20 − 4 x + 8x − 16 2  p  2  p 
⇒ cos α + sin α =   +  
or y 2 = 20 − 4 x − 8x + 16  2x   2y 
1 1 4
⇒ y 2 = 4 + 4 x or y 2 = 36 − 12 x ⇒ + = is locus of M (x, y ) . (b)
2 2
x y p2
⇒ x 2 + y2 = 6 − x x y
144. Let equation of the line AB is + = 1.
⇒ x 2 + y 2 = 36 + x 2 − 12 x = 36 . (b) a b
PA = 2PB ⇒ y = 2 x . (b) ∴ a 2 + b2 = c ⇒ a 2 + b2 = c2 .
Since OAPB is a rectangle, therefore point P is (a , b ) .
Hence foot of the perpendicular from P(a , b ) to the line
x y
+ = 1 , that is , bx + ay − ab = 0 is given by:
a b
140. Do your self.
x −a y−b  ba + ab − ab 
141. Let Q is (x , y ) . = = − 

∴ AQ − BQ = ± 1
b a  b2 + a2 
⇒ AQ = BQ ± 1
⇒ AQ 2 = BQ 2 + 1 ± 2BQ

⇒ (x − 1)2 + y 2 = (x + 1)2 + y 2 + 1 ± 2 (x + 1)2 + y 2

⇒ − 4x − 1 = ± 2 (x + 1)2 + y 2
⇒ (
(4x + 1)2 = 4 (x + 1)2 + y 2 ) ⇒
x −a y−b
= =
−ab
b a b +a2
2
⇒ 16x 2 + 8x + 1 = 4x 2 + 4 y 2 + 8x + 4
ab 2 a 2b
⇒ 12x 2 − 4 y 2 − 3 = 0 (b) ⇒ x=a− ,y = b−
a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
142. | AP − BP |= 6 ⇒ AP = BP ± 6
a3 b3
⇒ x= ,y=
⇒ (AP ) = (BP ) ± 12BP + 36
2 2
a2 + b2 a 2 + b2
⇒ x 2 + (y − a )2 = x 2 + (y + a )2 ± 12BP + 36 a3 b3
⇒ x= ,y =
⇒ −4ay = ±12 BP + 36 ⇒ (ay + 9 )2 = 9(BP )2 c2 c2

(
⇒ a 2 y 2 + 18ay + 81 = 9 x 2 + (y + a )2 ) ⇒ xc 2 = a 3 , yc 2 = b 3

( )
⇒ 9 x 2 + 9 − a 2 y 2 = −9 a 2 − 9 ( ) ( )1/ 3 = a, (yc 2 )1/ 3 = b
⇒ xc 2
But a 2 + b 2 = c 2
x2y2
⇒ −
a2 −9 9
= −1 (b)
( )2 / 3 + (yc2 )2 / 3 = c 2
⇒ xc 2

143. x cos α + y sin α = p ⇒

x
+
y
= 1. ⇒ (x 2 / 3 + y 2 / 3 )c 4 / 3 = c 2
p / cos α p / sin α
⇒ x 2/3 + y2/3 = c2/3 (a)
 p   p 
It meets the axes at A ,0  & B 0,  . If 145. Let the equation of the variable line be
 cos α   sin α y − q = m(x − p) , where m is a variable.
M (x, y ) is mid point of AB, then
 mp − q 
 p p  ∴A ≡ ,0 , B ≡ (0, q − mp )
 ,  = (x, y )  m 
 2 cos α 2 sin α Let P be (x, y ) . Hence

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [24]

mp − q 9h 2 x 2 y2 ℓ2
x= ⇒ m(p − x ) = q ...(i) ⇒ + 9k 2 = ℓ 2 ⇒ + = (b)
m 4 4 1 9
y = q − mp ⇒ mp = q − y ...(ii) 147. Equation of the line AB is:
Eliminating m from (i) and (ii): x y
p−x q + = 1 ⇒ 5x − 7 y = 35 .
= ⇒ pq − qx − py + xy = pq 7 −5
p q−y Equation of a line perpendicular to AB is:
p q x y
⇒ py + qx = xy ⇒ + = 1 7 x + 5y = λ ⇒ + = 1.
x y λ λ
This is the locus of P. 7 5
2 3 λ   λ
But locus of P is 3x + 2 y = xy ⇒ + = 1 . ∴ P ≡  ,0  , Q ≡  0, 
x y  7   5
∴ p = 2, q = 3.
Alternative:
x y
Let the variable line through (p, q ) be + = 1 .
a b
Clearly P(h , k ) = (a , b ) ⇒ h = a , k = b .
x y
Hence equation of straight line AB is + = 1 .
h k
Equation of the line AQ:
x y x 5y 5y 7 − x
+ = 1⇒ + =1⇒ = …(i)
7 λ 7 λ λ 7
5
Equation of the line BP:
x y 7x y 7x 5 + y
+ = 1⇒ − = 1⇒ = …(ii)
λ −5 λ 5 λ 5
But AB passes through (p, q ) . Dividing (i) and (ii):
5y 7 − x
λ = 7 ⇒ 5 y = 5(7 − x )
p q
∴ + =1
h k 7x 5 + y 7 x 7 (y + 5)
Hence locus of P(h , k ) is:
λ 5
p q
+ = 1 ⇒ qx + py − xy = 0 ⇒ y 2 + 5 y = 7 x − x 2 ⇒ x (x − 7 ) + y(y + 5) = 0 (a)
x y
Comparing with given locus 3x + 2 y − xy = 0 : 148. a −2 + b −2 = c −2
p = 2, q = 3 (a) b2 + a2 1 a 2b2
⇒ = ⇒ a 2 + b2 = .
146. Let the two mutually perpendicular lines be taken as a 2b2 c2 c2
coordinate axes. Let at any instant the rod has position
x y
AB as shown in figure: + = 1 ⇒ bx + ay − ab = 0.
a b
The foot of perpendicular to the above line from O(0,0 )
is given by:
x−0 y−0  b × 0 + a × 0 − ab 
= = − 

b a  b2 + a 2 
x y ab ab 2 a 2b
 2a + 1 × 0 2 × 0 + 1 × b  ⇒ = = ⇒ x= ,y =
∴ (h , k ) =  ,  b a a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
 2 +1 2 +1 

ab 2 a 2b a 2 b 2 
⇒ h=
2a b
,k = ⇒ a =
3h
, b = 3k ⇒ x= ,y = , ∵ a 2 + b 2 =
3 3 2 a 2b2 a 2 b 2  c 2 
But AB = ℓ c2 c2
⇒ a 2 + b2 = ℓ ⇒ a 2 + b2 = ℓ2 c2 c2 c2 c2
⇒ x= ,y= ⇒ a= ,b =
a b x y

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [25]

Using a −2 + b −2 = c −2 :
Since ordinate of Q is less than ordinate of P, therefore
−2 −2 for the point Q the value of r is − 3 2 . Hence the
 c2   c2 
  +  = c −2
coordinates of Q are given by:
 x   y  1 1
    x = 2−3 2 × ,y = 4−3 2 × ⇒ x = −1, y = 1 .
2 2
⇒ x 2 c −4 + y 2 c −4 = c −2 ⇒ x 2 + y 2 = c 2
The image of Q(− 1, 1) with respect to the line
(c)
x − y + 1 = 0 is given by:
a−h a+h
149. cot A = , cot B = ,  −1 −1 + 1 
k k x +1 y −1 x +1 y −1
= = −2 ⇒
 = =1
where A (a , 0), B(− a , 0), C(h , k ) . 1 −1 2
 1 +1 2 1 −1
⇒ x = 0, y = 0. (d)
/ /
153. If B is reflection of B on y-axis then PB = PB . Hence
AP + PB = AP + PB / , where P is any arbitrary point on
the mirror (i.e. y-axis).
(
⇒ (AP + PB)min = AP + PB / min )
/
Given: cot A + cot B = λ ⇒ A, P, B are in a straight line.
a −h a +h
⇒ + = λ ⇒ 2a = kλ .
k k
Locus of C(h, k ) is yλ = 2a . (a)
150. Let R (h, k) be the variable point then
RM k
tan θ = =
MP a − h
RM k
tan φ = =
MQ a + h y−2 5
Equation of AB / : =
2α = θ − φ x −1 − 4
tan θ − tan φ 13
⇒ tan 2α = tan (θ − φ) = To get point P put x = 0 ⇒ y = (b)
1 + tan θ tan φ 4
k (a + h ) − k (a − h )
2ac
154. a, b, c are in HP ⇒ b =
.
⇒ tan 2α = a+c
a2 − h2 + k2
x y 1 x a+c 1
⇒ a 2 − h 2 + k 2 = 2hk cot 2α ∴ + + = 0 ⇒ + y + = 0
a b c a  2ac  c
Hence the locus is x 2 − y 2 + 2 xy cot 2α − a 2 = 0 . (d)
x 1 1 1 1
151. A (2, 5), B(4, − 11) & C(h, k ) such that C lies on the line ⇒ +  + y + = 0
a 2a c c
9 x + 7 y + 4 = 0 . Hence 9h + 7 k + 4 = 0 …(i)
1 y 1y 
Let (x, y ) be centroid of ∆ABC. Then ⇒  x +  +  + 1 = 0 is true ∀ a and c
a 2 c2 
2+4+h 5 − 11 + k
x= ,y= Clearly the above equation represents a family of lines
3 3 y
⇒ 3x − 6 = h, 3y + 6 = k …(ii) passing through point of intersection of x + = 0 and
2
Putting h & k in (i): y
9(3x − 6) + 7(3y + 6) + 4 = 0 ⇒ 27 x + 21y − 8 = 0 + 1 = 0 . Solving both the equations:
2
⇒ Locus of (x, y ) is 9x + 7 y −
8
= 0. ⇒ y = −2 , x = 1 ⇒ (x, y ) = (1, − 2) . (c)
3  3a + 2b 
Clearly the above line is parallel to line 9 x + 7 y + 4 = 0 . 155. 3a + 2b + 4c = 0 ⇒ c = − 
 4 
(c) ∴ ax + by + c = 0
152. The equation of a line through P(2,4) and parallel to
 3a + 2b 
y − x − 1 = 0 in parametric form is: ⇒ ax + by −  =0
 4 
π π
x = 2 + r cos , y = 4 + r sin .  3  1
4 4 ⇒ a  x −  + b y −  = 0
 4  2
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [26]

Clearly the above equation represents a family of lines  −1 − 3 

3 y−3 =   (x − 2 )
passing through point of intersection of x − = 0 and  1− 3 
4  
1
y − = 0 . Solving both the equations: ⇒ y −3 =
( 3 − 1)( 3 − 1) (x − 2)
2 ( 3 + 1)( 3 − 1)
(x, y ) =  3 , 1  . or
4 2
y−3 =
( 3 + 1)( 3 + 1) (x − 2)
Alternative:
3 1
( 3 − 1)( 3 + 1)
3a + 2b + 4c = 0 ⇒ a + b + c = 0  3 +1− 2 3 
4 2 ⇒ y −3 =   (x − 2)
⇒ The line ax + by + c = 0 is a always satisfied by the  2 
 
3 1 or
point  ,  . (d)
 4 2  3 +1+ 2 3 
y −3 =   (x − 2 )
156. Let slope of the line x = 2 be m1 and slope of the  2 
 
line x − 3y − 6 = 0 be m 2 . Hence
1
m1
=0 and (
⇒ y − 3 = 2 − 3 (x − 2) )
or
m2 =
1
. ( )
y − 3 = 2 + 3 (x − 2)
⇒ y − 3 = (2 ± 3 )(x − 2)
3
1 (a)
.m 2 1−
m1 − m 2 m1 160. Slope of 3x + 4 y = 4 is m = −
3
. If the hypotenuse
∴ tan θ = ⇒ tan θ =
1 + m1 m 2 1 4
+ m2 −3
m1 makes angle α with x-axis then tan α = . Hence the
4
1
1− 0 × other sides are given by:
⇒ tan θ = 3 ⇒ tan θ = 3 ⇒ θ = tan −1 3
(b)
1
0+
3
157. y − 2 x = 9 ⇒ y = 2 x + 9 ⇒ slope (m1 ) = 2
1
x + 2 y = −7 ⇒ y = − x − 7 ⇒ slope (m 2 ) = − .
2
1
2 ( (
y − 2 = tan α ± 45 o (x − 2) )
Since m1 m 2 = −1 , therefore the lines are perpendicular  tan α + 1   tan α − 1 
⇒ (y − 2 ) =  (x − 2 ) or  (x − 2)
to each other. (c)  1 − tan α.1   1 + tan α.1 
158. y = 3 is a line parallel to x-axis.
 3   3 
 − +1   − −1 
y = x 3 + 9 ⇒ slope = tan θ = 3 ⇒ θ = 60 o
⇒ (y − 2 ) =  4 (x − 2) or  4 (x − 2)
 3   3 
⇒ Angle between the lines is 60 o . (b)  1+   1− 
159. Slope of the line x + y = 2 is m = −1 . If the line  4   4 
x + y = 2 makes angle α with x-axis then tan α = −1 . 1
⇒ (y − 2) =  (x − 2 ) or − 7(x − 2)
Hence the required lines are given by: 7
( (
y − 3 = tan α ± 60 o ) (x − 2) ⇒ 7 y − 14 = x − 2 or y − 2 = −7 x + 14
⇒ x − 7 y + 12 = 0 or 7 x + y − 16 = 0
 tan α ± tan 60 o 
⇒ y−3 =   (x − 2) Alternative:
 1 ∓ tan α. tan 60 o 
  Let m1 represents the slope of the other lines. Hence
 −1 ± 3  m1 − m 2
⇒ y−3 =   (x − 2) tan 45 o =
 1 ∓ (− 1) 3  1 + m1 m 2
 
 −1 + 3  3
⇒ y−3 =   (x − 2) m1 +
 1+ 3  4
  ⇒ 1=
or  3
1 + m1  − 
 4

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [27]

4m1 + 3 1− 0
⇒ ±1 = 162. Slope m of AB is m = = 1 . Hence AB makes an
4 − 3m1 3−2
⇒ 4 − 3m1 = 4m1 + 3 or − 4 + 3m1 = 4m1 + 3 angle of 45 o with x-axis. Clearly the new line passes

⇒ m1 =
1
or m1 = −7 through A (2, 0 ) and makes an angle of 60 o with
7 x-axis.
Hence equation of the other two sides are given by
1
y − 2 = (x − 2) or y − 2 = −7(x − 2)
7
⇒ x − 7 y + 12 = 0 or 7 x + y − 16 = 0 (a)
161. ABCD is square whose one diagonal BD is given by
Hence the equation of the line in new position is:
BD : 8x − 15 y = 0 . Slope of BD is m1 = tan α =
8
15
. ( )
y − 0 = tan 60 o (x − 2) ⇒ 3 x − y − 2 3 = 0 (a)
163. Incident ray and reflected ray make equal angle with
3x − 2 y − 5 = 0 . Solving incident ray and mirror the
point of incidence is (1,−1) .

Clearly AB and AD are inclined at an angle of 45o

with the line 8x − 15y = 0 . Hence slope of the lines AB
and AD are given by: 3x − 2 y − 5 = 0
( )
m = tan α + 45 o or tan α − 45 o ( ) Let slope of reflected ray be m then
tan α + 1 tan α − 1  3 1   3 
= or  −   −m 
1 − tan α 1 + tan α  2 2  = − 2  ⇒ m = 29
8 8  3 1  3  2
+1 −1  1+ ×   1+ m 
23 7  2 2  2 
= 15 or 15 = or −
8 8 7 23 So equation of reflected ray is:
1− 1+
15 15
Hence the line passing through A are: (y + 1) = 29 (x − 1) ⇒ 29 x − 2 y − 31 = 0 .
2
23
y−2 = (x − 1) , y − 2 = − 7 (x − 1) Alternative:
7 23 Proceeding as above m = 29 / 2 . Equation of reflected
⇒ 23x − 7 y − 9 = 0 , 7 x + 23y − 53 = 0 ray must be in the form of
Alternative: (x − 2 y − 3) + λ(3x − 2 y − 5) = 0
Let m denotes slope of the line AB or AC. ⇒ (1 + 3λ )x − 2(1 + λ )y − (3 + 5λ ) = 0
m − m1 1 + 3λ 29 1 + 3λ −14
∴ tan 45 o = ⇒ m= ⇒ = ⇒ λ=
1 + mm1 2(1 + λ ) 2 2(1 + λ ) 13
8 Hence the equation of reflected ray is 29 x − 2 y − 31 = 0 .
m−
⇒ 1= 15 ⇒ 1 = 15m − 8 (d)
8m 15 + 8m 164. We need equation of reflected ray of the incident ray
1+ y = x with respect to mirror y = 2 x − 1 . Hence
15
15m − 8 15m − 8 m − m1  m − m2 
⇒ = 1 or = −1 m1 = 1, m = 2 . Using = −  :
15 + 8m 15 + 8m 1 + mm1  1 + mm 2 
⇒ 7 m = 23 or 23m = −7
 2 −1   2 − m2 
23 7 ⇒   = − 
⇒ m= or m = −  1 + 2 ×1   1 + 2m 2 
7 23
Hence the line passing through A are: 1 m2 − 2
⇒ = ⇒ 1 + 2m 2 = 3m 2 − 6 ⇒ m 2 = 7
23 3 1 + 2m 2
y−2 = (x − 1) , y − 2 = − 7 (x − 1)
7 23 Hence the required line is:
⇒ 23x − 7 y − 9 = 0 , 7 x + 23y − 53 = 0 (c) (y − 1) = 7(x − 1) , where (1,1) is the point of intersection
of y = x & y = 2 x − 1 .
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [28]

Alternative: 1
The image of (0, 0), which lies on y − x = 0 , with = {cos 2 + cos 2(x + 1)}− 1 {1 + cos 2(x + 1)}
2 2
4 2 1 1 −1 2
respect to the line 2 x − y = 1 is  ,−  . The point of = cos 2 − = .2 sin 1
5 5 2 2 2
intersection of y − x = 0 and 2 x − y = 1 is (1,1) . Hence = − sin 2 1 (a constant).
the required line is the line joining the point (1, 1) and Hence the graph is a straight line parallel to the x-
4 −2 π 
 , . (c) axis. Also  ,− sin 2 1 satisfies it. (d)
5 5  2 
165. Equation of angle bisectors of the incident ray and
reflected ray are
 3x + 4 y − 5   
( 5 3
169. C = 2 + 1 cos 60 o ,1 sin 60 o =  , 
2 2 
)
  = ± 5x − 12 y − 10   
E = ( 1, 1 sin 60 ) ( )
 2 
 2 
2
 3 +4   5 + (− 12)2  o
+ 1 sin 60 o = 1, 3
 
⇒ (39 x + 52 y − 65) = ±(25x − 60 y − 50 )
⇒ 14 x + 112 y − 15 = 0 or 64 x − 8 y − 115 = 0
14 112 64 8
⇒ x+ y − 1 = 0 or x− y −1 = 0
15 15 115 115
14 112 64 −8
∴a = ,b = or a = ,b = (c)
15 15 115 115
166. Angle bisectors of x − 2 y + 4 = 0 and 4 x − 3y + 2 = 0 ∴ The equation of CE is
x − 2y + 4 4 x − 3y + 2 3− 3 2
are =± y− 3 = (x − 1) ⇒ x + 3 y = 4
1+ 4 (4 2
+ 32 ) 1− 5 / 2
(c)

⇒ (5x − 10 y + 20 ) = ± 5 (4 x − 3y + 2)
Level -2:
For given lines a 1a 2 + b1 b 2 = 1(4) − 2(− 3) = 10 > 0 . 170. Since the given point lie on the line ℓx + my + n = 0 ,
This shows that “positive sign” gives obtuse bisector. therefore a, b, c are the roots of the equation:
⇒ 5 (x − 2 y + 4) = (4 x − 3y + 2)  t3   2 
ℓ  + m t − 3  + n = 0
( ) (
⇒ 4− 5 x − 3− 2 5 y + 2− 4 5 = 0 ) ( ) (a)  t −1 
 
 t −1 
 
167. Consider the following figure:
⇒ ℓt 3 + mt 2 + nt − (3m + n ) = 0
−m
⇒ a+b+c = …(i)
ℓ
n
ab + bc + ca = …(ii)
ℓ

abc =
(3m + n ) …(iii)
In triangle OAQ1 : ℓ
x 1 = OA = OQ1 cos α, y1 = AQ1 = OQ1 sin α From (i) (ii) & (iii):
In triangle OBQ 2 : abc − (bc + ca + ab ) + 3(a + b + c ) = 0
x 2 = OB = OQ 2 cos β, y 2 = Q 2 B = OQ 2 sin β  3m + n   n   − m 
=  −   + 3  =0 (a, b, c, d)
cos ∠Q1OQ 2 = cos(β − α )  ℓ  ℓ  ℓ 
= cos β. cos α + sin β. sin α
171. Clearly the given lines pass through the point (a , b ) . Let
x x y y
= 2 . 1 + 2 . 1 us put m = tan θ and M = tan φ .
OQ 2 OQ1 OQ 2 OQ1
2m
⇒ OQ1 .OQ 2 cos(∠Q1OQ 2 ) = x 1 x 2 + y1 y 2 (c) ∴ (y − b ) =
2
(x − a ) & (y − b ) = 2M 2 (x − a )
1− m 1− M
⇒ (y − b ) = (tan 2θ)(x − a ) & (y − b ) = (tan 2φ)(x − a )
168. y = cos x. cos(x + 2 ) − cos 2 (x + 1) Hence the given lines make angles 2θ and 2φ
respectively with x-axis.

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [29]

 3x − 4 y − 5   
∴   = ± 5x + 12 y − 13 
 3 2 + 4 2   2 2 
   5 + 12 
⇒ 13(3x − 4 y − 5) = ±5(5x + 12 y − 13)
⇒ 39 x − 52 y − 65 = ±(25x + 60 y − 65)
⇒ 14x − 112 y = 0 or 64 x + 8 y − 130 = 0
⇒ x − 8y = 0 or 32 x + 4 y − 65 = 0 (b, c)
∠APM = 2θ, ∠BPM = 2φ 174. Since AB = AC, therefore BC is equally inclined to both
AB and AC. In other words BC is parallel to angle
⇒ ∠BPA = 2φ − 2θ bisectors of given lines. Equation of bisectors:
1
⇒ ∠CPA = (2φ − 2θ) = (φ − θ) 3x + 4 y − 5
=±
4x − 3y − 15
2 5 5
⇒ ∠CPM = ∠CPA + ∠APM = (φ − θ ) + 2θ = (φ + θ) ⇒ x − 7 y − 10 = 0 or 7 x + y − 20 = 0
m+M
⇒ Slope of PC = tan (θ + φ ) = 1
1 − mM ⇒ m= or − 7 , where m denotes slope of BC.
Since the angle bisectors are perpendicular each other 7
So required lines are 7 x + y − 9 = 0 & x − 7 y + 13 = 0 .
 1 − mM 
therefore the slope of the other bisector is: −  . Alternative:
 m+M 
−3 4
Hence equations of the bisectors are: Slope of AB = , slope of AC = , slope of
4 3
(y − b ) =  m + M  (x − a ) BC = m(say ) .
 1 − mM 
 
(y − b ) = − 1 − mM  (x − a ) . (a, b) m+3/ 4

m − 4 / 3

 m+M  ∴ = −  ⇒ m = −7 or 1 / 7 .
1 − 3m / 4  4m 
172. k 1 u − k 2 v = 0  1 + 
 3 
(
⇒ (k 1a − k 2 b )x + (bk 1 + ak 2 )y + k 1a 3 b − k 2 b3 a = 0 ) So required lines are 7 x + y − 9 = 0 & x − 7 y + 13 = 0 .
k1u + k 2 v = 0 (b, c)
175. Let A (p,0), B(0, q ) and C(h, k ) then
(
⇒ (k1a + k 2 b )x + (bk1 − ak 2 )y + k1a 3 b + k 2 b3 a = 0 ) AC = a
The equations of angle bisectors are:
(k 1a − k 2 b )x + (bk 1 + ak 2 )y + k1a 3 b − k 2 b3 a ⇒ (p − h )2 + k 2 =a

⇒ (p − h )2 + k 2 = a 2
(k 1a − k 2 b)2 + (bk 1 + ak 2 )2
⇒ (p − h )2 = a 2 − k 2
(k a + k 2 b )x + (bk 1 − ak 2 )y + k 1a 3 b + k 2 b3 a
=± 1
⇒ p−h = ± a2 −k2
(k1a + k 2 b)2 + (bk 1 − ak 2 )2
(k1u − k 2 v ) ⇒ p = h ± a2 − k2
⇒
( ) (
k 12 a 2 + b 2 + k 22 a 2 + b 2 ) BC = b
⇒ h 2 + (q − k )2 = b
=±
(k1u + k 2 v )
( ) (
k12 a 2 + b 2 + k12 a 2 + b 2 ) ⇒ (q − k )2 = b 2 = h 2

⇒ (k 1u − k 2 v ) = (k 1u + k 2 v ) ⇒ q = k ± b2 − h 2
or But AB 2 = BC 2 + AC 2
(k1u − k 2 v ) = −(k1u + k 2 v )
⇒ P2 + q2 = a 2 + b2
⇒ 2k 2 v = 0 or 2k 1 u = 0
2 2
⇒ u = 0 or v = 0 (a, d) ⇒  h ± a 2 − k 2  +  k ± b 2 − h 2  = a 2 + b 2
   
173. Clearly the line ℓ can be any one of the bisectors of the
angle between the lines 3x − 4 y = 5 and 5x + 12 y = 13 . ⇒ ± 2h a 2 − k 2 ± 2k b 2 − h 2 = 0
( ) ( )
⇒ h 2 a 2 − k 2 = k 2 b2 − h 2 ⇒ a 2h 2 = b2k 2

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [30]

Hence locus of (h, k) is ax ± by = 0 (a, d) Equation of AB :

 3−0
(x − 5) ⇒ 3x + 4 y − 15 = 0 .
176. The distance between the parallel line of the square
y−0 =
3+7  1− 5 
x + 2 y + 3 = 0 and x + 2 y − 7 = 0 is =2 5.
1+ 4 Equation of BC :
 2−0 
Let the equation of the line parallel to the third side y−0 =  (x − 5 ) ⇒ x + 3 y − 5 = 0 .
2 x − y − 4 = 0 be 2x − y + k = 0 . Then  −1− 5 
k−4 Equation of AC :
= ±2 5 ⇒ k = 6 or − 14 . 3−2
4 +1 y−2 = (x + 1) ⇒ x − 2 y + 5 = 0 .
So the equation of the fourth side is:  1+1 
2 x − y + 6 = 0 or 2 x − y − 14 = 0 (b, c) Adjusting the equations such that each line gives a
positive quantity for the opposite vertex:
AB ≡ −3x − 4 y + 15 = 0
177. Let A (a , b ), B(b, c ), C(c, a ) . Then triangle is right angled
BC ≡ x + 3y − 5 = 0
at A if BA is perpendicular to CA:
AC ≡ x − 2 y + 5 = 0
c−b a−b
⇒ × = −1 ⇒ c − b = c − a ⇒ a = b Hence for a point P(x , y ) to lie inside the triangle the
b−a c−a
Similarly it is right angle at B if b = c and following inequalities must be satisfied:
at C if c = a . (a, b, c) −3x − 4 y + 15 > 0 & x + 3y − 5 > 0 & x − 2 y + 5 > 0 . (d)

178. In any triangle the centroid and the incentre lie within 180. Vertices of the given triangle are O(0,0),
the triangle. If the triangle is obtuse angled then the  a   a 
orthocenter and circumcenter fall outside the triangle. To A  , a  and B  , a  . So area of the triangle is
decide nature of triangle proceed as follows:  m1   m2 
2
( )
=
1
(AB) (a ) = a m 2 − m1
2 2m 1 m 2

a2 (m1 + m 2 )2 − 4m1m 2 a 2 (a + 2)
= =
2m 1 m 2 2(a + 1)

1
+1
8 4
TC = 7 = = >0
1 6 3
1−
7
−1 1
−
3 7  7+ 3 
TA = = − <0
1 −1  7 3 −1 
1+ ×   Since area is a positive quantity:
7 3
1 a 2 (a + 2 )
−1+ ∆= , if a > −1 or a < −2
3 1− 3 2(a + 1)
TB = = <0
1 3 +1 a 2 (a + 2 )
1+ =− , if −2 < a < −1 (a, c, d)
3 2(a + 1)
Hence the triangle is obtuse angled and the obtuse angle
is at point C. Hence circum-center and orthocenter are
both exterior points. (b, c) 181. The given line x − 3 y = 0 passes through the origin
making an angle of 30 o with the positive direction of x-
179. Let the triangle be as shown below: axis. Therefore third vertex lies on the line through
the origin and makes an angle of (30 o
+ 60 o ) or
(30 o
) (
− 60 o or 30 o + 180 o + 60 o )
( )
or 30 o + 180 o − 60 o with the positive direction of x-
axis and is at a distance a from the origin.

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [31]

Level -3:
185. Let the line be ax + by + c = 0 .

Hence the required coordinates are  ax + by 2 + c 

BP
(0,−a ), (0, a ), (a cos 30o ,−a sin 30o ) , (− a cos 30o , a sin 30o ) ∴ = − 2 

PC  ax 3 + by 3 + c 
 3a − a   − 3a a 
≡ (0,−a ), (0, a ),  , ,  ,  . (a, b, c, d) CQ  ax + by 3 + c 
= − 3 
 2 2  2 2 
  QA  ax 1 + by1 + c 
182. Let the equation of a side through the vertex (1, 2) be
AR  ax + by1 + c 
y − 2 = m(x − 1) . Since it makes angle of 60 o with the = − 1 
RB  ax 2 + by 2 + c 
base whose slope is − 3 therefore: BP CQ AR
Hence . . = −1
m+ 3 PC QA RB
= ± 3 ⇒ m = 0 or m = 3 .
1 − 3m
So the required equations are: 186. Let the triangle be as shown in figure:
y = 2 or 3x − y = 3 − 2 (b, c)
183. let O-circumcenter, G-centroid, H-orthocenter.
Remember that O, G, H are collinear and
OG:GH = 1:2

1 1
+ −
m − m2 2 4 = −1 × 8 = − 2
 2α + p 2β + q  TC = 1 =
∴ (x , y ) =  ,  1 + m1 m 2
1+
1 4 9 9
 2 +1 2 +1  8
2α + p 2β + q 1 1
⇒ x= ,y = − −
m − m3 2 16 8
3 3 TA = 2 = 4 4 =− × =−
⇒ 3x = 2α + p,3y = 2β + q (b, d) 1+ m 2m3 1 4 15 15
1−
184. Given A(0, 0) , B( cos α, sin α ) & C( cos β, sin β ). 16
1 1
∴ AB 2 = cos 2 α + sin 2 α = 1 +
m − m1 3 8 6
TB = 3 = 4 2 = × =
AC 2 = cos 2 β + sin 2 β = 1 1 + m1 m 3 1 4 7 7
1−
∴ ∠B = ∠C ≠ π / 2 . 8
So A, B, C form a right angled triangle only if: Since TC < 0, TA < 0 & TB > 0 therefore the above
BC 2 = AB 2 + AC 2 measurement gives the tangent value of exterior angles
of the triangle. Hence the tangent value and
⇒ (cos α − cos β)2 + (sin α − sin β)2 = 2
corresponding angles for interior angles of the triangle is
⇒ −2(cos α cos β + sin α sin β) = 0 as given below:
π 2 2
⇒ cos(α − β) = 0 ⇒ (α − β ) = (2n + 1) tan C = −(TC ) = ⇒ C = tan −1
2 9 9
α −β π 8 − 8
⇒ = (2n + 1) tan A = −(TA ) = ⇒ A = tan 1
2 4 15 15
α −β α −β 1 6  6
⇒ sin = cos =± . (a, b, c, d) tan B = −(TB ) = − ⇒ B = tan −1  − 
2 2 2 7  7

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [32]

187. Solving the two medians centroid G is (1, 1) Hence the co-ordinates of the orthocenter H are given
by: H ≡ ( − a , a (t 1 + t 2 + t 3 + t 1 t 2 t 3 ) ) .
189. Altitude AD passes through the intersection of AB and
AC. Its equation is ℓ 1 + λℓ 2 = 0 . It also passes through
orthocenter H (1,1) .
7
 r +1 s + 3   p +1 q + 3  Hence λ = .
Clearly E ≡  , ,F ≡  ,  11
 2 2   2 2  AD ≡ 61x + 13y − 74 = 0 .
 p + r +1 q + s + 3  Since BC being perpendicular to AD its equation is
and G ≡  , .
 3 3  given by: 13x − 61y + c = 0 .
E & F satisfy the equations of BE & CF respectively.
q+3
Hence − 1 = 0 ⇒ q = −1 …(i)
2
r +1  s + 3 
− 2  + 1 = 0 ⇒ r − 2s − 3 = 0 …(ii)
2  2 
p + r +1
= 1⇒ r + p − 2 = 0 …(iii) So equation of BE is:
13x − 61y + c + µ(3x − 2 y + 6 ) = 0
3
q+s+3
=1⇒ q +s = 0 …(iv) ⇒ (13 + 3µ )x − (61 + 2µ )y + (c + 6µ ) = 0 …(i)
3
Also BE passes through H(1,1) and perpendicular to
Solving (i), (ii), (iii) & (iv): p = −3, q = −1, r = 5, s = 1 .
4x + 5y − 20 = 0 . Hence equation of BE is:
Hence B ≡ (−3,−1) & C ≡ (5,1) .
5x − 4 y = 5(1) − 4(1) ⇒ 5x − 4 y − 1 = 0 …(ii)
188. Let A ≡ ( at 2 t 3 , a (t 2 + t 3 ) )
But (i) and (ii) represent the same line. Hence
B ≡ ( at 3 t 1 , a (t 3 + t 1 ) ) 13 + 3µ −(61 + 2µ ) c + 6µ
C ≡ ( at 1 t 2 , a (t 1 + t 2 ) ) = =
5 −4 −1
Slope of segment BC: 13 + 3µ 61 + 2µ
a (t 3 + t 1 ) − a (t 1 + t 2 ) a (t 3 − t 2 ) ⇒ = = −(c + 6µ )
1 5 4
= =
at 3 t 1 − at 1 t 2 t 1a (t 3 − t 2 ) t 1 13 + 3µ 61 + 2µ 13 + 3µ
⇒ = & = −(c + 6µ )
Since altitude AD is perpendicular to side BC, therefore 5 4 5
slope of altitude AD is − t 1 .  13 + 33µ 
⇒ 52 + 12µ = 305 + 10µ & c = − 
 5 
 253 
 13 + 33 × 
⇒ µ=
253
& c = − 2  =  − 1675 
2  5   2 
 
 
Hence equation of BC is:
Hence equation of altitude AD is: 1675
13x − 61y − = 0 ⇒ 26 x − 122 y − 1675 = 0 .
y − a (t 2 + t 3 ) = − t 1 (x − at 2 t 3 ) …(i) 2
Similarly equation of altitude BE is: 190. Without any loss of generality we can take one vertex of
y − a (t 3 + t 1 ) = − t 2 (x − at 3 t 1 ) …(ii) the triangle at the (0, 0) and one side along y-axis. Let
the vertices of triangle be A(0, 0) , B(0, a) and C(h, k).
To find co-ordinates of the orthocenter H, we solve (i)
and (ii) simultaneously. Subtracting (ii) from (i):  h (a + k ) 
Hence the coordinates of centroid G are  , .
a (t 3 + t 1 ) − a (t 2 + t 3 ) = − t 1 x + t 2 x 3 3 
⇒ a (t 1 − t 2 ) = − x (t 1 − t 2 )
⇒ x = −a
Substituting x = −a in (i):
y − a (t 2 + t 3 ) = − t 1 (− a − at 2 t 3 )
⇒ y = at 2 + at 3 + at 1 + at 1 t 2 t 3 Altitude through C : y = k …(i)
⇒ y = a (t 1 + t 2 + t 3 + t 1 t 2 t 3 ) hx
Altitude through A : y = …(ii)
a−k
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [33]

 k (a − k )  a +b b−a
−
Solving (i) and (ii) the orthocenter H ≡  , k
 h  b−a a +b 4ab 2ab

Perpendicular bisector of AB : y =
a
…(iii)
TA =
1+   
=
 a + b  b − a  2 b 2 − a 2
=
(
b2 − a2 )
2  b − a  b + a 

Perpendicular bisector of AC : hx + ky =
h2 + k2 (− 1) − a + b
2 TB = b − a = − 2b = b
 a + b  − 2a a
…(iv) 1 + (− 1) 
Solving (iii) & (iv) the circumcenter  b−a 
 h 2 + k 2 − ka a  Since TC = TB , therefore ∠B = ∠C . Hence the
S≡ , .
 2h 2 triangle is isosceles triangle with AB = AC. Also the
 
vertical angle is given by:
The coordinates of the point which divide the join of H
& S in the ratio 2:1 are:  a 
 2  
 1  h 2 + k 2 − ka k (a − k )  a + k   h a + k   2ab    b  
  + ,  ≡ , , tan A =  = 
3   3 3  
 
h h 
 3
  b2 − a 2    a 2 
1−   
which are same as that of G.  b 
NOTE: One may take one side along x-axis instead of  a 
along y-axis.  2  
 b  a
−
 ⇒ A = 2 tan −1   .
191. Without loss of generality we may choose y = 0 & 1
⇒ A = tan 
y = 1 as the two parallel lines and vertex C as origin. Let  a  2 b
each side of the equilateral triangle ABC be r and let 1−   
∠ACL = θ . Hence ∠BCL = θ + 60 o . Clearly  b 

( )
3x 2 y x y
a
sin θ = & 1 = r sin θ + 60 o 193. 3x + 2 y = 24 ⇒ + =1 ⇒ + =1.
r 24 24 8 12
(
⇒ r sin θ cos 60 o + cos θ sin 60 o = 1 )
a 1 a2  3 
    = 1
⇒ r   + 1−
r 2 r2  2 
  

⇒ a + 3 r2 −a2 = 2
(
⇒ (a − 2)2 = 3 r 2 − a 2 )
2
⇒ 3r 2 = 4a 2 − 4a + 4 ⇒ r = a 2 − a +1 .
3
192. From symmetry of equations it expected that side AB Hence A ≡ (0,12 ) & B ≡ (8,0) . Line though (0,−1)
and AC should be equal. Also
and parallel to x-axis is y = −1 .
a+b b−a
m AB = , m AC = , m BC = 1 . Mid point of the line joining A&B is
b−a a+b
 0 + 8 12 + 0 
 ,  ≡ (4,6 ) .
 2 2 
Equation of line passing (4,6 ) and perpendicular to
3x + 2 y − 24 = 0 is:
2x − 3y = 2(4 ) − 3(6 ) ⇒ 2x − 3y + 10 = 0 .
Solving y = −1 and 2x − 3y + 10 = 0 the point C is
 13 
b−a  − ,−1 . Hence area of triangle ABC is:
+1  2 
TC = a +b =
2b b
= 2
 b − a  2a a
1 + (− 1)  ∆=
1
(AB)(CM ) = 1 8 2 + 12 2 ×  4 + 13  + (6 + 1)2
a+b 2 2  2
1 9 
= 4 2 (13) × 7 2  + 1
2 4 
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [34]

1 7  5+ 4 
= × 4 × × 13 = 91 square units. y−5 =  (x + 4 ) ⇒ −3y + 15 = 9 x + 36
2 2  − 4 +1
Alternative: ⇒ 9 x + 3y + 21 = 0 ⇒ 3x + y + 7 = 0 …(i)
13
− 8 0
1 2 1  13  
∆= − 1 0 12 =  − (0 − 12 ) − 8(− 1 − 12 )
2 2  2  
1 1 1

1  13 × 12  13
=  + 8 × 13  = (6 + 8) = 91 square units.
2 2  2
194. Let M and N be the mid points of the sides AB and AC
respectively. Equation of AC:
 5 −1   1
Clearly the perpendicular bisector of AB is PM, which y −1 =  (x − 4 ) ⇒ y − 1 =  − (x − 4 )
is parallel to x − y − 4 = 0 . Hence equation of PM is:  −4−4  2
3 5 ⇒ 2y − 2 = −x + 4 ⇒ x + 2y − 6 = 0 …(ii)
x − y = − ⇒ x − y +1 = 0 .
2 2 23
5+
Also point B is reflection of the point A about the line
Slope of AD = 5 = − 48 = − 4 .
PM. Hence B is given by: 16 36 3
−4−
x +2 y−3  − 2 − 3 +1 5
= = −2 

1 −1  12 + 12  3
Slope of BC = .
⇒ x + 2 = 3− y = 4 4
Hence equation of BC is given by:
⇒ x = 2, y = −1 ⇒ B is (2,−1)
23 3  16 
y+ = x − 
5 4 5
⇒ 4(5y + 23) = 3(5x − 16 )
⇒ 15x − 20 y − 140 = 0
⇒ 3x − 4 y − 28 = 0 …(iii)
To find B solving (i) and (iii): B is (0, −7 ) .
To find C solving (ii) and (iii): C is (8,−1) .
196. Since OABC is a rhombus therefore both OC and OB
Similarly perpendicular bisector of AC is: are equally inclined to BC. Let slope of BC be m.
 3 5  4 
2x − y = 2  − ⇒ 4x − 2 y − 1 = 0  m− 
 2 2  = − m − 0  ⇒ 3m − 4 = −m
∴ 3
Hence point C is given by:  4m   1 + 0.m  3 + 4m
 − 8 − 6 −1   1+ 
x + 2 y −3  3 
= = −2 

4 −2  42 + 22  ⇒ 4m 2 + 6m − 4 = 0
x + 2 y−3 3
⇒ = = ⇒ x = 4, y = 0 ⇒ C is (4,0 ) ⇒ 2m 2 + 3m − 2 = 0
4 −2 2
1
 3 ⇒ m = −2 or
∴ M is (0,1) & N is 1,  . 2
 2 (i) Let m = −2 . Hence equation of BC is
Equation of the median CM is:
2  2
x y y − = −2 x −  ⇒ y + 2 x − 2 = 0
+ = 1 ⇒ x + 4y − 4 = 0 3  3
4 1
Equation of the median BN is: 4 3 4
Solving y = x & BC, the point B is B ≡  , 
3  3 5 5
 +1
(y + 1) =  2 (x − 2 ) ⇒ y + 1 = − 5 (x − 2 ) Solving y = 0 & BC, the point C is C ≡ (1,0)
 1− 2 
 
2 Let A be (x 1 , y1 ) . But mid point of BC is same as
 
that of OA. Hence
⇒ 2 y + 2 = −5x + 10 ⇒ 5x + 2 y − 8 = 0.
195. Equation of AB:

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [35]

3 4  Hence equation of BD in parametric form:

 +1 +0
 1   2 
 5 , 5  =  0 + x 1 , 0 + y1  x = 3 + r , y = 2 + r 
 2 2   2 2   5
 
 5

 
 
8 4
Also PA = PC = PB = PD = (3 − 1)2 + (2 − 3)2 = 5
⇒ (x 1 , y1 ) =  ,  .
5 5 Substituting r = ± 5 in parametric equation of BD, the
(ii) Let m = 1 / 2 . Hence equation of BC is other vertices are: (4,4) & (2,0 ) .
2 1 2 x y
y − =  x −  ⇒ 3x − 6 y + 2 = 0 . 199. Let the variable line be + =1 …(i)
3 2 3 a /
b/
2 8  −2  As per question a + b = a / + b /
Proceeding as above B ≡  , , C ≡  ,0 
 5 15   3  Hence AB / is +
x y
=1 …(ii)
2 2 8  −4 8  a b/
A≡ − , ≡ , .
 5 3 15   15 15  y x
A / B is =1 + …(iii)
b /
a
Solving (ii) & (iii) simultaneously

x=
(b − b)aa
/ /
& y=
(a − a )bb / /

a / b / − ab ab − a / b /

∴x+y=
(b − b)aa
/ /
(
− bb / a − a / )
/ /
a b − ab
(a + b)(a / b / )− ab(a / + b / )
197. Let PQRS be the square inscribed in the triangle ABC
with length of each side equal to a. Let the coordinates =
of P be (p, 0). The coordinate of Q, R, S are respectively a / b / − ab
(p + a ,0), (p + a, a ) and (p, a ) . Now equation of AC is y
=
(a + b )(a / b / − ab ) = a + b .
1 p
= x and S(p, a ) lies on it. Hence a = ⇒ p = 2a .
2 2
− ab (a b / /
)
200. Straight line passing through intersection of
given lines :
x y  x y 
 + − 1 + λ  + − 1 = 0
a b  b a 
1 λ 1 λ
Also equation of BC is x + y = 3 and R (p + a , a ) lies on ⇒ x +  + y +  − (1 + λ ) = 0
it. Therefore a b b a 
3 3  ab(1 + λ )   ab(1 + λ ) 
p + a + a = 3 ⇒ 4a = 3 ⇒ a = ⇒ p = ⇒A ≡ ,0  & B ≡  0, 
4 2  b + a λ   a + bλ 
Hence the required coordinates are: Hence the coordinates of the mid-point of AB are:
3  9  9 3 3 3 ab(1 + λ ) ab(1 + λ )
 ,0 ,  ,0 ,  ,  and  ,  . x= and y =
2  4  4 4 2 4 2(b + aλ ) 2(a + bλ )
198. Clearly equation of diagonal BD is y = 2 x + c . Let AC 2bx − ab 2ay − ab
⇒ λ= &λ =
and BD intersect at P. Hence co-ordinates P are (3,2) . ab − 2ax ab − 2by
But P lies on BD. Hence 2bx − ab 2ay − ab
2 = 2 × 3 + c ⇒ c = −4 ⇒ =
ab − 2ax ab − 2by
2bx − ab 2ay − ab
⇒ +1 = +1
ab − 2ax ab − 2by
2(b − a )x 2(a − b )y
⇒ =
ab − 2ax ab − 2by
2 1 ⇒ x (ab − 2by ) + y(ab − 2ax ) = 0
Slope of BD = tan θ = 2 ⇒ sin θ = , cos θ = .
5 5 ⇒ (x + y )ab − 2xy(a + b ) = 0

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [36]

201. Any line through (1, 5) in parametric form is 202. Let the line through P(− 1,2) makes an angle θ with axis.
x = 1 + r cos θ , y = 5 + r sin θ , where tan θ is the slope Hence equation of the line in parametric form is
of the line. x = −1 + r cos θ , y = 2 + r sin θ . Let A, B, Q are
obtained for r = r1 , r = r2 , r = r3 respectively. Hence
−2
2 + r1 sin θ = 0 ⇒ r1 = , (∵ A lies on x-axis)
sin θ
1
1 + r2 cos θ = 0 ⇒ r2 = , (∵ B lies on y-axis)
cos θ
Let co-ordinates of Q are (h, k).
Hence h = −1 + r3 cos θ , k = 2 + r3 sin θ .
Since AB is bisected at P, therefore PA = PB . Let point
 −2 
A is obtained for r = r1 and B is obtained for r = −r1 .  
= 2 sin θ. cos θ 
2r1 r2
Hence Also r3 =
r1 + r2  −2 1 
5(1 + r1 cos θ ) − (5 + r1 sin θ ) − 4 = 0 and  + 
 sin θ cos θ 
3(1 − r1 cos θ ) + 4(5 − r1 sin θ) − 4 = 0
 −4  4
⇒ r1 (5 cos θ − sin θ ) = 4 & r1 (− 3 cos θ − 4 sin θ ) = −19 = =
 − 2 cos θ + sin θ  2 cos θ − sin θ
4 19
⇒ r1 = = 4 cos θ 2 cos θ + sin θ
5 cos θ − sin θ 3 cos θ + 4 sin θ Hence h = −1 + =
2 cos θ − sin θ 2 cos θ − sin θ
⇒ 12 cos θ + 16 sin θ = 95 cos θ − 19 sin θ
4 sin θ  2 cos θ + sin θ 
⇒ 35 sin θ = 83 cos θ ⇒ tan θ =
83
. k = 2+ = 2  = 2h
35 2 cos θ − sin θ  2 cos θ − sin θ 
Hence the required line is ∴ k = 2h ⇒ y = 2 x is the required locus.
83 203. Let the variable line makes angle θ with positive x-
y−5 = (x − 1) ⇒ 83x − 35 y + 92 = 0 . axis . Hence its equation is x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ . Let
35
Alternative: the points P, Q, R are obtained for r = r , r = r1 , r = r2
 4 − 3r 
Let A is (t,5t − 4) and B is  r ,  respectively. Hence
 4  c1
r1 sin θ = m1 r1 cos θ + c1 ⇒ r1 =
  sin θ − m1 cos θ
 (5t − 4) +  4 − 3r  
t+r  4  c2
∴ (1,5) =  ,  r2 sin θ = m 2 r2 cos θ + c 2 ⇒ r2 =
2 2 sin θ − m 2 cos θ
 
  P ≡ (h, k ) ≡ (r cos θ, r sin θ )
⇒ t + r = 2 and 20 t − 3r − 12 = 40 Also r 2 = r1 r2
⇒ 20 t − 3r − 52 = 0 & t + r − 2 = 0 c1 c2
−r ⇒ r2 = ×
Solving:
t
= =
1
(sin θ − m1 cos θ) (sin θ − m 2 cos θ)
6 + 52 − 40 + 52 20 + 3
⇒ (r sin θ − m1 r cos θ)(r sin θ − m 2 r cos θ ) = c1c 2
t r 1
⇒ =
58 − 12 23
= ⇒ (k − m1 h )(k − m 2 h ) = c1c 2
58 12 Hence locus of P(r cos θ, r sin θ) is:
⇒ t= ,r = −
23 23 (y − m1 x )(y − m 2 x ) = c1c 2 .
∴A≡ ,
 58 198  204. Clearly A (1,1) & B(3,2) lie on the same side of the line
.
 23 23  2 x + 3y + 1 = 0 .
198
−5
83
Slope of PA = 23 =
58 35
−1
23
Hence the required line is:
83
y−5 = (x − 1) ⇒ 83x − 35 y + 92 = 0 .
35

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [37]

Let reflection of the point B(3, 2) through the line Hence equation of BC is
 3 +1 
2 x + 3y + 1 = 0 be B / (x 1 , y1 ) . Hence B / is given by: y−3 =  (x − 0 ) ⇒ 2 x − y + 3 = 0
0+2
x −3 y−2  6 + 6 +1 
= = −2 

Solving x − 1 = 0 & 2 x − y + 3 = 0 : x = 1, y = 5
2 3  2 2 + 32  Solving x − y − 1 = 0 & 2 x − y + 3 = 0 : x = −4, y = −5
x −3 y−2 Hence B ≡ (1,5), C ≡ (−4,−5) .
⇒ = = −2
2 3 Level 4:
⇒ x = −1, y = −4 206. Let one vertex (say) A is the point of intersection of the
⇒ B / is (− 1, − 4 ) lines U1 = 0 and U 2 = 0 . Hence a line through A can
Equation of AB / is be taken in the form of U1 + kU 2 = 0 .
−(cos α 1 + k cos α 2 )
(y − 1) =  − 4 − 1 (x − 1) ⇒ 5x − 2 y − 3 = 0 Slope of U1 + kU 2 = 0 is
sin α 1 + k sin α 2
.
 −1 −1 
Solving: 5x − 2 y − 3 = 0 cos α 3
Slope of U 3 = 0 is − .
2 x + 3y + 1 = 0 sin α 3
x −y 1 7 −11 If these two lines are ⊥ then:
= = ⇒ x= , y= cos α1 + k cos α 2 cos α 3
− 2 + 9 5 + 6 15 + 4 19 19 × = −1
sin α1 + k sin α 2 sin α 3
 7 − 11 
Hence co-ordinates of point P are  , . ⇒ cos α 1 cos α 3 + sin α 1 sin α 3
 19 19 
The minimum distance that is to be covered is = −k[cos α 2 cos α 3 + sin α 2 sin α 3 ]
AB / = (1 + 1)2 + (1 + 4)2 = 29 . − cos(α 1 − α 3 )
⇒k =
cos(α 3 − α 2 )
205. Clearly, the straight line BC is reflection of the line BA Hence the altitude through the point of intersection of
with respect to the bisector of ∠B and the straight line cos(α 1 − α 3 )
U1 = 0 and U 2 = 0 is U1 − U2 = 0
BC also reflection of the line CA with respect to the cos(α 2 − α 3 )
bisector of ∠C. In other words the reflection of A with
⇒ U1 cos(α 2 − α 3 ) = U 2 cos(α 3 − α 1 )
respect to each of the bisectors will lie on the line BC.
Let L is the reflection of A from bisector of ∠B i.e., By similar argument another altitude is
x −1 = 0 . U 2 cos(α 3 − α 1 ) = U 3 cos(α 1 − α 2 ) and the
orthocenter lies on both the altitudes. Hence
orthocenter is given by
U1 cos(α 2 − α3 ) = U 2 cos(α3 − α1 ) = U3 cos(α1 − α 2 )
207. The vertices are
P(a cos θ1 , a sin θ1 ), Q(a cos θ 2 , a sin θ 2 )
R (a cos θ 3 , a sin θ 3 ) .
Hence L is given by:
x − 4 y +1  4 −1 
= = −2 

1 0  12 + 0 2 
x − 4 y +1 Hence co-ordinates of centroid of the triangle PQR is
⇒ = = −6
1 0  a (cos θ1 + cos θ 2 + cos θ 3 ) a (sin θ1 + sin θ 2 + sin θ 3 ) 
 ,  .
⇒ x = −2, y = −1 ⇒ L is (−2, − 1)  3 3 
Similarly M is reflection of A on bisector of ∠C i.e., Also all the vertices of the given triangle satisfy the
x − y −1 = 0 . circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2 . Hence circumcenter of the triangle
PQR is C (0, 0) .
Hence M is given by:
x − 4 y +1  4 + 1−1 
= = −2 

From trigonometry we know that HG : GC : 2 : 1 , where
1 −1  12 + 12  H is the orthocenter, G is the centroid and C is the
x − 4 y +1 circumcenter. Let co-ordinates of H be (x 1 , y1 ) . Hence
⇒
1
=
−1
= −4
(
2(0 ) + 1(x 1 ) a cos θ1 + cos θ 2 + cos θ 3 )
⇒ x = 0, y = 3 ⇒ M is (0,3) =
2 +1 3
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [38]

⇒ x 1 = a (cos θ1 + cos θ 2 + cos θ 3 ) 210. Distance between the lines L1 and L2 is

2(0 ) + 1(y1 ) a (sin θ1 + sin θ 2 + sin θ 3 )
= 15 − 5
2 +1 3 d= =2.
⇒ y1 = a (sin θ1 + sin θ 2 + sin θ 3 ) 32 + 4 2
∴ (x 1 , y1 ) ≡ (a ∑ cos θ1 , a ∑ sin θ1 ) .
208. As the circumcenter of the triangle is at the origin O, we
have OA = OB = OC = R, where R is the radius of the
circumcircle.
∴ OA 2 = R 2 ⇒ a 2 + a 2 tan 2 α = R 2
Let ∠BAC = θ . Hence AB = BC cosec θ = 2 cosec θ
⇒ a 2 sec 2 α = R 2
AA1 = AD sec θ = 2 sec θ
⇒ a = R cos α
∴ A ≡ (a , a tan α ) ≡ (R cos α, R sin α ) . Similarly Now area of | | AA1 BB1 is

B ≡ (R cos β, R sin β ) = 2 × area of (∆A 1 AB)

C ≡ (R cos γ, R sin γ ) 8
= AB × AA1 = 4 sec θ × cosecθ =
So coordinates of centroid G of ∆ABC are: sin 2θ
1 1  π
 R (cos α + cos β + cos γ ), R (sin α + sin β + sin γ ) Clearly ∆ is least for θ = . Let slope of AB be m
 3 3  4
Now, if P(h, k) be the orthocenter then from geometry 3
the slope of OG = slope of OP m+
⇒ 1= 4 ⇒ 4m + 3 = ±(4 − 3m ) ⇒ m = 1 or −7.
α β γ 3m 7
sin α + sin β + sin γ k
4 cos cos cos
k 1−
= ⇒ 2 2 2 = 4
cos α + cos β + cos γ h α β γ h So equation of L is x − 7 y + 17 = 0 or 7 x + y − 31 = 0 .
1 + 4 sin sin sin
2 2 2
−b
(because α + β + γ = π ). 211. Here slope of the given line is and the two vertices
a
Hence P(h, k) lies on the line:
are clearly on the diagonal BD of the square ABCD. If
α β γ α β γ
4 cos cos cos x − 4 sin sin . sin y = y m be the slope of the line inclined at an angle of 45 o to
2 2 2 2 2 2
209. Let AB ≡ 2 x + 3y − 1 = 0 BD, then
BC ≡ x + 2 y − 3 = 0 (
tan ± 45 o = )
m+b/a
1 − mb / a
= ±1
CA ≡ 5x − 6 y − 1 = 0
⇒ m=
a−b
or −
(a + b )
1 1 5 7
Solving pair-wise A ≡  , , B ≡ (− 7,5) , C ≡  ,  a+b (a − b )
 3 9  4 8
a −b
Adjusting the equations such that each give positive ∴ AB is y − 0 = (x − a )
quantities for corresponding opposite vertices a+b
AB ≡ 2 x + 3y − 1 = 0 a+b
AD is y − b = − (x − 0 )
BC ≡ − x − 2 y + 3 = 0 a −b
CA ≡ −5x + 6 y + 1 = 0  a − b − (a − b ) 
Solving AB and AD the point A is  , .
If the point (α, α ) lies
2
inside the triangle then:  2 2 
Let point C be (x 1 , y1 ) . But mid point of BD is same
2α + 3α 2 − 1 > 0 & − α − 2α 2 + 3 > 0
as mid point of AC. Hence
& − 5α + 6α 2 + 1 > 0 a +0 1 a −b  0 + b 1  − (a − b ) 
⇒ (α + 1)(3α − 1) > 0 & (2α + 3)(α − 1) < 0 =  + x1  & =  + y1 
2 2 2  2 2  2 
& (3α − 1)(2α − 1) > 0
a+b a+b a+b a+b
 1  −3
  1 1 ⇒ = x1 & = y1 ⇒ C ≡  , .
⇒  α < −1 or α >
& < α < 1 &  α < or α >  2 2  2 2 
 3  2   3 2
The opposite vertices B and D move on two
−3 1  −3  1  perpendicular lines x-axis and y-axis. Now the point A
⇒ < α < −1 or < α < 1 ⇒ α∈  ,−1 ∪  ,1
2 2  2  2  lie on y = − x and point C lie on y = x . Both the lines
are clearly perpendicular.
Alternative:

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [39]

−b a 1
m BD = ⇒ m AC = ⇒ = λ cos θ + µ sin θ ⇒ 1 = λR cos θ + µR sin θ
a b R
Let the line AC makes angle θ with x-axis. Hence But h = x 1 + R cos θ & k = y1 + R sin θ
a a b ⇒ 1 = λ(h − x 1 ) + µ(k − y1 )
tan θ = ⇒ sin θ = , cos θ =
b a 2 + b2 a2 + b2 ⇒ λh + µk − (λx 1 + µy1 + 1) = 0
1 ⇒ λx + µy + γ = 0 , where λx 1 + µy1 + 1 = γ
Also ED = EB = EC = EA = a 2 + b2
2 ⇒ Locus A is a straight line.
a b (Note that, since the lines are given to us therefore
Mid point E of BD is  ,  . Hence parametric p i , q i , s i , i = 1,2,..., n are all constant quantities. Hence
2 2
equation of AC is: p i x 1 + q i y1 + s i are all constant quantities)
213. Let the vertices of the triangle ABC be
a  b  
 , y = b + r a 
A (x 1 , y1 ), B(x 2 , y 2 ) and C(x 3 , y 3 ) . Let the vertices of
x = + r  .
2  a 2 + b2  2  a2 + b2  triangle PQR be P(p1 , q 1 ), Q(p 2 , q 2 ) , R (p 3 , q 3 ) . Now
   
1
a2 + b2 & r =
−1 2
a + b2
(q − q 2 )
For A &C put r = the slope of QR is 3 . So the slope of a line ⊥
2 2 (p 3 − p 2 )
a+b a+b  a − b  a − b  (p 3 − p 2 )
Hence A ≡  ,  & C ≡  , −   to it is −
 2 2   2  2  (q 3 − q 2 )
212. Let the variable line makes angle θ with positive So the equation of ⊥ from A to QR is
x-axis. Hence its equation is p − p2
x = x 1 + r cos θ, y = y1 + r sin θ
y − y1 = − 3 (x − x 1 )
q3 − q2
Let ℓ 1 ≡ p1 x + q1 y + s1 = 0 ⇒ (p 2 − p 3 )x + (q 2 − q 3 )y = (p 2 − p 3 )x 1
ℓ 2 ≡ p2x + q2y + s2 = 0 + (q 2 − q 3 )y1 …(1)
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Similarly equation of the ⊥ from B to RP and C to PQ
ℓ n ≡ pn x + qn y + sn = 0 are respectively
Let the points A, A 1 , A 2 ,..., A n are obtained for (p 3 − p1 )x + (q 3 − q1 )y = (p 3 − p1 )x 2 + (q 3 − q1 )y 2 …(2)
r = R , r = r1 , r = r2 ,…., r = rn respectively. Hence (p1 − p 2 )x + (q1 − q 2 )y = (p1 − p 2 )x 3 + (q1 − q 2 )y3 …(3)
p1 (x 1 + r1 cos θ ) + q1 (y1 + r1 sin θ) + s1 = 0 Let (h, k) be the point of concurrency of (1), (2) & (3).
Putting it in (1), (2) & (3) and adding we get
1 (p cos θ + q1 sin θ) p1 cos θ + q1 sin θ (p 2 − p 3 )x 1 + (p 3 − p1 )x 2 + (p1 − p 2 )x 3
⇒ = 1 =
r1 − (p1 x 1 + q1 y1 + s1 ) k1
+(q 2 − q 3 )y1 + (q 3 − q1 )y 2 + (q 1 − q 2 )y 3 = 0 …(4)
k1 say
In other words, equation (4) is the condition for the
Similarly perpendiculars from the vertices of ABC to the side of
1 (p cos θ + q 2 sin θ) p 2 cos θ + q 2 sin θ PQR meet to at a point. But (4) can be rewritten as
= 2 =
r2 − (p 2 x 1 + q 2 y1 + s1 ) k2 (x 2 − x 3 )p1 + (x 3 − x 1 )p 2 + (x 1 − x 2 )p 3
k 2 say +(y 2 − y 3 )q 1 + (y 3 − y1 )q 2 + (y1 − y 2 )q 3 = 0 …(5)
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Equation (5) is in the form of equations (4). So it is
1 (p n cos θ + q n sin θ) p n cos θ + q n sin θ equivalent to saying that the ⊥ from the vertices of
= =
rn − (p n x 1 + q n y1 + s n ) kn PQR to the sides of ABC meet at a point.
k n say
QUESTIONS ASKED IN IITJEE
P on y = a ⇒ P(x 1 , a )
As per question
1.
1 1 1 1
= + + ... + Q on x = b ⇒ Q (b, y1 )
R r1 r2 rn
S on x = −b ⇒ S (− b, y 2 )
1 p p p 
⇒ =  1 + 2 + ... + n  cos θ Let R be (h, k).
R  k1 k 2 kn 
λ (say )

q q q 
+  1 + 2 + ... + n  sin θ
 k1 k 2 kn  In a rectangle the diagonals bisect each other. Hence
µ (say ) h + x 1 = b − b = 0 ⇒ x 1 = − h ⇒ P is (− h, a )
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [40]

Now we have only two variables y1 and y 2 which are − 1(h + a )

y−0 = (x − a ) ⇒ (h + a )x + ky − a (h + a ) = 0
to be eliminated for which we need three relations: (k − 0)
y1 + y 2 = k + a …(i)
Slope of PQ = m
y1 − a
∴ = m ⇒ y1 = m(b + h ) + a …(ii)
b+h
1
Slope of PS = −
m
y2 − a 1 1 −h
∴ = − ⇒ y 2 = (b − h ) + a …(iii) 1 0
−b+h m m ∆ = h−a k a (h − a ) , R 3 → R 3 − R 2
Putting the values of y1 & y 2 in (i): h+a k − a (h + a )
1 1 0 −h 1 0 −h
m(b + h ) + a + (b − h ) + a = k + a
m = h − a k h − a = 2a h − a k h − a = 0
⇒ m 2 (b + h ) + am + (b − h ) = km 2a 0 2ah 1 0 −h

( ) (
⇒ h m 2 − 1 − km + m 2 + 1 b + am = 0 ) 6.
Hence the altitudes are concurrent.
(x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ) ≡ (x 1 , x 1 r, x 1r 2 )
( ) (
⇒ Locus of R is x m 2 − 1 − ym + m 2 + 1 b + am = 0. ) (y1 , y 2 , y 3 ) ≡ (y1 , y1 r, y1r 2 )
2. PQRS will represent a parallelogram if and only if the x1 y1 1 x1 y1 1
mid-point of PR is same as that of the mid-point of QS.
That is, if and only if ∆ = x2 y 2 1 = r.r 2 x 1 y1 1 = 0.
x3 y3 1 x1 y1 1
1+ 5 4 + a 2+7 6+b
= and = ⇒ a = 2 & b = 3. (c) So points lie on a straight line.
2 2 2 2
3. Since diagonals of the parallelogram PQRS intersect at Alternative:
right angles, PQRS must be a rhombus. (d) Let x 1 = a, x 2 = ar, x 3 = ar 2
4. Let A = (x 1 , y1 ), B = (x 2 , y 2 ) , C = (x 3 , y 3 ) , where y1 = b, y 2 = br, y 3 = br 2
x 1 , y1 ,... are rational numbers. Then ∑ x1 , ∑ y1 are Let A ≡ (x 1 , y1 ), B ≡ (x 2 , y 2 ), C ≡ (x 3 , y 3 )
also rational. So coordinates of the centroid y − y 2 b(1 − r ) b
Slope of AB = 1 = =
 ∑ x 1 ∑ y1  x 1 − x 2 a (1 − r ) a
 ,  are rational. Also if vertices are rational
 3 3  y − y 3 br (1 − r ) b
Slope of BC = 2 = =
then equation of altitudes will carry rational numbers x 2 − x 3 ar (1 − r ) a
and therefore the orthocenter will be rational. Similarly Hence AB | | BC and points A, B, C are collinear. (a)
for equation of perpendicular bisectors of the sides. But
 6 + 7 −1 + 3   13 
length of sides is not necessarily rational and incentre is 7. Points S ≡  ,  ⇒ S ≡  , 1
 ∑ ax 1 ∑ ay1   2 2  2 
given by  ,  , which may be irrational.
 ∑a ∑ a 
(a, c, d)
5. For any triangle ABC we may always assume side BC
to be x-axis and the mid point of BC to be origin. Hence
without loss of generality we may assume the vertices of
the triangle ABC to be A(h, k ) , B(− a , 0) , C(a , 0 ) . ∴ m PS =
2 −1
=
−2
13 9
Equation of AD : 2−
2
x = h ⇒ x + 0y − h = 0 Hence equation of the required line:
Equation of BE : −2
y +1 = (x − 1) ⇒ 2 x + 9 y + 7 = 0 (d)
− 1(h − a ) 9
y−0 = (x + a ) ⇒ (h − a )x + ky + a (h − a ) = 0
(k − 0 ) 8. AB = 1 + 3 = 2 , BC = 2,
Equation of CF :
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [41]

CA = (2 − 1)2 + ( 3 −0 )2 = 2 P2 =
1− 0
=
1
2 2
n +1 n +1
PP
∴ Area = 1 2
Since ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle, the incentre sin θ
coincides with the centroid of the triangle which is
 0 +1+ 2 0 + 0 + 3   1 

=
1 
 1 
 (m + 1)(n + 1) 
2 2

  ≡ 1,     m−n 
 m + 1  n + 1  
, (d) 2 2
 3 3    
   3
9. 3x + 4 y = 9 1
=
mx − y = − 1]× 4 m−n
5 Alternative:
Adding : (3 + 4m )x = 5 ⇒ x = Sketching the lines in xy-plane, the required area is area
3 + 4m of the parallelogram OABC , which is twice the area of
For x to be integer, 3 + 4m must divide 5. Hence the triangle OAB . Also solving y = mx and y = nx + 1 :
3 + 4m = −5, − 1, 1, 5
y = mx   1 
1 1
⇒ m = −2, − 1, −, ⇒ m = −2, − 1 ⇒x = 
(a) y = nx + 1 m−n
2 2
10. The sides are: mx − y = 0
mx − y + 1 = 0
nx − y = 0
nx − y + 1 = 0

∴ Area =
(1 − 0)(1 − 0) =
1
m −1 m−n
 1 m 
n −1 Hence O(0, 0) , A ,  , B(0, 1) . Hence the
 m − n m −n
Alternative: required area is given by
Let θ be the angle of parallelogram.
01 0 1 1 1
A = 2× 0 1 1 = 0− = (c)
12 m m−n m−n
1
m−n m−n
m−n 11. Let equation of line L be y = mx
∴ tan θ =
1 + mn
⇒ sin θ =
(m − n )
(m − n )2 + (1 + mn )2
m−n
⇒ sin θ =
m + n 2 + m 2n 2 +1
2

m−n
⇒ sin θ =
(m + 1)(n + 1)
2 2 For P: y − mx = 0
x + y =1
The sides are: mx − y = 0
mx − y + 1 = 0 Solving : x =
1
,y =
m
nx − y = 0 1+ m 1+ m
nx − y + 1 = 0 For Q: y − mx = 0
x+y=3
1− 0 1
P1 = = 3 3m
2 Solving : x = ,y = .
m +1 m2 +1 m +1 m +1
Equation of line parallel to 2 x − y = 5 & passing
through P is:
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [42]

m  1  2−m Since the given lines are parallel therefore

y− = 2 x −  ⇒ 2x − y = …(i) ∠PAO = ∠OBQ . Also ∠AOP = ∠BOQ . Hence the
1+ m  m + 1  m +1
triangles AOP & BOQ are similar. Hence
Equation of line parallel to 3x + y = 5 & passing
OP OA OP 9 / 2 OP 3
through Q is: = ⇒ = ⇒ = .
OQ OB OQ 6 OQ 4
3m  3  9 + 3m
y− = −3 x −  ⇒ 3x + y = …(ii) Alternative:
m +1  m + 1  m +1
4x + 2y − 9 = 0 …(i)
2−m 2x + y + 6 = 0 …(ii)
For R: 2 x − y =
m +1 Length of perpendicular from O on (i):
9 + 3m
3x + y = −9 9
m +1 P1 = =
11 + 2m 12 + 9m 42 + 22 2 5
Solving : x = &y=
5(m + 1) 5(m + 1) Length of perpendicular from O on (ii):
Let R be represented by (h, k).
6 6
11 + 2m 11 − 5h P2 = =
Hence h = ⇒ m=
5(m + 1) 2 2 + 12 5
5h − 2
12 + 9m 12 − 5k OP P1 9 / 2 5 9 3
k= ⇒ m= = = = = (b)
5(m + 1) 5k − 9 OQ P2 6 / 5 12 4
⇒
11 − 5h 12 − 5k
= ⇒ h − 3k + 5 = 0
14. Here the given vertices of ∆ are (0, 0) , (0, 21) and
5h − 2 5k − 9 (21, 0) .
For integral points inside the ∆ AOB x > 0 ,
⇒ x − 3y + 5 = 0 y > 0 & x + y < 21 , where x and y are integers.
Hence locus of R is a straight line. Hence for x = 1 , y = {1, 2, 3, .........,19}
12. Note that RQ makes an angel of 60 o with the x-axis. x = 2 , y = {1, 2, 3, .........,18}
Hence ∠RQP = 120 o x = 3 , y = {1, 2, 3, .........,17}
............................................
............................................
x = 20 , y = {1 }
Hence number of points exactly in the interior of the
19 × 20
triangle is n = 19 + 18 + 17 + ... + 3 + 2 + 1 = = 190 .
2
(b)
Therefore the bisector of ∠RQP makes an angle of 60 o 15. Equation of altitude QB is x = 3 …(i)
with RQ and hence 120 o with the x-axis. Since bisector 4−0 1
of ∠PQR passes through the origin, its equation is m AB = = −4 ⇒ m OP =
3−4
( )
4
y = tan 120 o x ⇒ y + 3x = 0 . (c) Hence equation of altitude OP is:
x y 1 x
13. 4 x + 2 y = 9 ⇒ + =1 y − 0 = (x − 0) ⇒ y − = 0 …(ii)
9 9 4 4
4 2
x y
2 x + y = −6 ⇒ + =1
−3 −6

3
Solving (i) and (ii): x = 3, y = (c)
4

16. Equation of line parallel to x-axis and passing through

P(h , k ) is y = k .
Solving the lines y = x and x + y = 2 : A ≡ (1,1)
Solving the lines y = x and y = k : B ≡ (k , k )

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [43]

Solving the lines x + y = 2 and y = k : C ≡ (2 − k , k )

Area of ∆ABC = 4h 2
1 1 1
1
⇒ k k 1 = 4h 2
2 PR OP 2 2
2−k k 1 Hence = =
RQ OQ 5
Applying C1 → C1 − C 2 & C 2 → C 2 − C3
Therefore statement-I is true & statement II is false.(c)
0 0 1 19. Given P = (− sin (β − α ),− cos β )
1
⇒ 0 k − 1 1 = 4h 2 Q = (cos(β − α ), sin β )
2
2 − 2k k − 1 1 R = (cos(β − α + θ ), sin (β − θ))
1 = ( cos((β − α) + θ), sin (β − θ) )
⇒ (2 − 2k )(0 − (k − 1)) = 4h 2
2  cos θ cos(β − α ) − sin θ sin (β − α),
=  
⇒ (1 − k )(− (k − 1)) = 4h 2  cos θ sin β − sin θ cos β 
Let T be a point on PQ such that it divides the join of
⇒ (k − 1)(k − 1) = 4h 2 ⇒ (k − 1)2 = 4h 2 PQ internally in the ratio λ : µ.
⇒ (k − 1)2 = 4h 2  λ(cos(β − α )) + µ(− sin (β − α ))
∴ T ≡  ,
Hence the required locus is:  λ+µ
(y − 1)2 = 4 x 2 ⇒ 4x 2 − y 2 + 2y − 1 = 0 . λ(sin β) + µ(− cos β ) 

λ+µ 
17. Centroid is the desired point. (where λ, µ are either both positive or both negative,
since T is a point of internal division)
Let λ = cos θ & µ = sin θ
π
(∵ 0 < θ < , therefore sin θ & cos θ are both
4
positive)
 cos θ cos(β − α ) − sin θ sin (β − α )
∴T ≡ 
 0+3+ 6 0+ 4+ 0   4   cos θ + sin θ
∴Coordinate of R is  ,  =  3,  .
 3 3   3 cos θ sin β − sin θ cos β 

(c) cos θ + sin θ 
 cos(β − α + θ) sin (β − θ) 
18. In ∆OPQ as OR is angle bisector of ∠POQ , therefore ⇒ T≡ , 
 cos θ + sin θ sin θ + cos θ 
OP PR
= .  Rx Ry 
OQ RQ ⇒ T≡ , 
 sin θ + cos θ sin θ + cos θ 
 
Solving line L1 : y = x and line L 3 : y = −2 Where R ≡ (cos(β − α + θ), sin (β − θ)) ≡ R x , R y . ( )
P ≡ (−2,−2) From above discussion it is clear that the point
Solving line L 2 : y = −2x and line L 3 : y = −2  Rx Ry 
Q ≡ (1,−2 ) T ,  lies on line joining PQ.

 sin θ + cos θ sin θ + cos θ 
∴ OP = (− 2 − 0)2 + (− 2 − 0)2 = 8=2 2 But as per question we need to decide whether or not the
( )
point R R x , R y lies on the line PQ. To decide proceed
& OQ = (1 − 0)2 + (− 2 − 0)2 = 5
as follows:
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [44]

Let equation of the line PQ be ax + by + c = 0 . 6

⇒ k = −9 or k = − (p, q)
Since T lies on PQ, therefore 5
Rx Ry (c) L1 , L 2 , L 3 form a triangle if L1 , L 2 , L 3 are
a +b +c = 0
sin θ + cos θ sin θ + cos θ neither concurrent nor any one of L1 , L 2 , L 3 is
⇒ aR x + bR y + c(sin θ + cos θ) = 0 …(i) parallel to any one of the other two.
( )
Now if possible let R ≡ R x , R y also lies on the line ∴ k ≠ 5 & k ≠ −9 & k ≠ −
6
5
PQ.
5
∴ aR x + bR y + c = 0 …(ii) ∴ k= (r)
6
Subtracting (i) & (ii): (d) L1 , L 2 , L 3 do not for m a triangle if L1 , L 2 , L 3
c(sin θ + cos θ) − c = 0
are either concurrent or any one of L1 , L 2 , L 3 is
⇒ c(sin θ + cos θ − 1) = 0 parallel to any one of the other two.
⇒ sin θ + cos θ = 1 or c = 0 6
∴ k = 5 or k = −9 or k = − (p, q, s)
⇒ sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ + 2 sin θ cos θ = 12 or c = 0 5
21. Let given lines ℓ 1 : (1 + p )x − py + p(1 + p ) = 0 ,
⇒ sin 2θ = 0 or c = 0 ⇒ 2θ = 0 or π or c = 0
ℓ 2 : (1 + q )x − qy + q (1 + q ) = 0 and ℓ 3 : y = 0 represent
π
⇒ θ = 0 or or c = 0 the sides AC, BC & AB respectively as shown in figure.
2
 π
rejected ,∵θ∈ 0, 
 4
From above discussion it is clear that the point
( )
R ≡ R x , R y will lie on the line PQ if c = 0 , that is, if
the line PQ passes through origin. To verify whether the
line PQ passes through origin it is sufficient to verify
whether or not slope of OP and slope of OQ are equal, On solving ℓ1 & ℓ 3 : A ≡ (−p,0 )
where O is origin.
On solving ℓ 2 & ℓ 3 : B ≡ (−q,0 )
0 − (− cos β ) 0 − sin β
= On solving ℓ1 & ℓ 2 : C ≡ {pq, (1 + p )(1 + q )}
0 − (− sin (β − α )) 0 − cos(β − α )
Since CM is perpendicular to AB therefore it is parallel
cos β sin β
⇒ = to y-axis. Hence equation of altitude CM is x = pq
sin (β − α ) cos(β − α )
...(i)
⇒ cos β cos (β − α ) = sin β sin (β − α ) The altitude BN passes through B and perpendicular to
⇒ cos β cos (β − α ) − sin β sin (β − α ) = 0 ℓ 1 ≡ (1 + p)x − py + p(1 + p ) = 0 . Hence equation of BN
⇒ cos (β + β − α ) = 0 is:
⇒ cos (2β − α ) = 0 , which is not necessarily true. px + (1 + p )y = p(−q ) + (1 + p )(0 )
Hence P, Q, R are non-collinear. (d) ⇒ px + (1 + p )y = −pq …(ii)
Solving equations (i) & (ii):
20. L1 : x + 3y − 5 = 0 x = pq & y = − pq ⇒ x = − y ⇒ x + y = 0 .
L 2 : 3x − ky − 1 = 0 Hence locus of the orthocentre is x + y = 0 , which is a
L 3 : 5x + 2 y − 12 = 0 straight line. (d)
L1 is neither parallel nor coincident with L 3 . 22. Slope of the line 3x + y = 1 is − 3 . Hence the line
Therefore L1 & L 3 are intersecting lines and the point of
makes an angle of 120 o with positive x-axis. Therefore
intersection is (2,1) .
(a) L1 , L 2 , L 3 are concurrent if 3 × 2 − k × 1 − 1 = 0 the straight line L which is inclined at an angle of 60 o
to the given line is either parallel to x-axis or
⇒ k =5 (s)
(b) One of L1 , L 2 , L 3 is parallel to atleast one of the inclined at an angle of 60 o with positive x-axis. As
L also intersects x-axis therefore it is the line which is
other two iff L 2 is parallel to L1 or L 2 is parallel
inclined at an angle of 60 o with positive x-axis.
to L 3 , since L1 is not parallel to L 3 .
Therefore equation of required line is:
1 3 5 3
∴ − = or − = y + 2 = 3 (x − 3) ⇒ y − 3x + 2 + 3 3 = 0 .
3 k 2 k

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [45]

Alternative: Since ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle, the incentre

Let slope of the required line is m. coincides with the centroid of the triangle which is
As per question:  0 +1+ 2 0 + 0 + 3   1 
tan 60 o = ±
m− − 3 ( ) 
 3
,
3
 ≡ 1,
 

 (d)
( )    
3
1+ m × − 3
3. The lines are: 2 x + 11y − 5 = 0
⇒ 3=±
(m + 3) 24 x + 7 y − 20 = 0
1− m 3 4 x − 3y − 2 = 0
⇒ (
3 − 3m = ± m + 3 ) 2 11 − 5 1 11 5
⇒ 3 − 3m = m + 3 or 3 − 3m = − m − 3 ∆ = 24 7 − 20 = −2 12 7 20
⇒ m = 0 or m = 3 4 −3 −2 2 −3 2
As L also intersects x-axis therefore its slope cannot be = −2[1(14 + 60 ) − 11(24 − 40 ) + 5(− 36 − 14 )]
zero. Hence equation of required line is: = −2[74 + 176 − 250 ] = 0
y + 2 = 3 (x − 3) ⇒ y − 3x + 2 + 3 3 = 0 . (b) Hence the lines are concurrent.
23. Let L1 : ax + by + c = 0 Also the angle bisectors for the lines 24 x + 7 y − 20 = 0
and 4 x − 3y − 2 = 0 are given by:
L2 : bx + ay + c = 0
 24 x + 7 y − 20   
Point of intersection of L1 & L2 is :   = ±  4 x − 3y − 2 
 −c −c   2 2   2 2 
 ,   24 + 7   4 +3 
a+b a+b ⇒ 5(24 x + 7 y − 20 ) = ± 25(4 x − 3y − 2)
 −c −c  ⇒ 20 x + 110 y − 50 = 0 or 220 x − 40 y − 150 = 0
Distance between  ,  & (1,1)
a+b a+b ⇒ 2 x + 11y − 5 = 0 or 22 x − 4 y − 15 = 0
2
a+b+c Since one of the bisectors is 2 x + 11y − 5 = 0 therefore
is   ×2 < 2 2
 a+b  the lines are concurrent with one line bisecting the angle
⇒ a + b + c < 2(a + b ) between the other two. (c)
⇒ a+b−c >0 (a) NOTE: In this question we observe that 2 2 + 112 ( )
QUESTIONS ASKED IN AIEEE: is NOT a perfect square while 24 + 7 ( 2
+3 2
) and (4 2 2
)
are both perfect squares. Hence while finding whether
1. AB = (4 + 1)2 + (0 + 1)2 = 26 one line bisects the angle between the other two the first
preference goes to angle bisectors of 2nd and 3rd lines.
4. The line 3x + y = 0 makes an angle of 120 o with OX
BC = (3 + 1)2 + (5 + 1)2 = 52
and 3x − y = 0 makes an angle of 60 o with OX.
CA = (4 − 3)2 + (0 − 5)2 = 26 Hence the required line must be parallel to x-axis.
Also AB 2 + AC 2 = ( 26 )2 + ( 26 )2 Hence its equation is y = 2 . (b)

= 52 = ( 52 )
2

= BC 2
Hence the given triangle is an isosceles right-angled
triangle with right angle at (4, 0) . (a)
2. AB = 1 + 3 = 2 , BC = 2, Alternative:
Slope of 3x + y = 0 is m1 = − 3
CA = (2 − 1)2 + ( 3 −0 )2 = 2 Slope of 3x − y = 0 is m 2 = 3
Since the triangle is equilateral therefore the third line is
equally inclined to the given two lines.
Let slope of the third line be m.
m − m1  m − m2 
∴ = − 
1 + mm1  1 + mm 2 

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [46]

⇒
m+ 3  m− 3 
= − 
1+ m 3 
⇒ y(b1 − b 2 ) −
1 2
2
( ) 1
b1 − b 22 = −(a 1 − a 2 )x + a 12 − a 22
2
( )
1− m 3  
( ) (
⇒ m + m 2 3 + 3 + 3m = − m − 3 − m 2 3 + 3m ) (
⇒ (a 1 − a 2 )x + (b1 − b 2 )y + a 2 + b 22 − a 12 − b12 = 0 (a )
1 2
2
)
⇒ 0 m 2 + 8m = 0
1 7. Let centroid be (h , k ) . Hence
⇒ m = 0 or
0 a cos t + b sin t + 1
h= ⇒ a cos t + b sin t = 3h − 1 …(i)
Also from geometrical consideration (see figure) we 3
1 a sin t − b cos t + 0
observe that the line with slope makes a triangle with k= ⇒ − b cos t + a sin t = 3k …(ii)
0 3
the given lines which is isosceles with vertical angle Solving (i) and (ii):
120 o . So the required line is: (3h − 1) a − (3k )b (3h − 1) b + (3k ) a
cos t = , sin t =
(y − 2 ) = 0 × (x − 2) ⇒ y = 2 . (b) 2
a +b 2
b2 + a 2
5. (x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ) ≡ (x 1 , x 1 r, x 1r 2 ) Eliminating t:
cos 2 t + sin 2 t = 1
(y1 , y 2 , y 3 ) ≡ (y1 , y1 r, y1r 2 )
⇒ {(3h − 1)a − 3kb}2 + {(3h − 1)b + 3ka}2 = (a 2 + b 2 )
( ) ( ) ( )
x1 y1 1 x1 y1 1 2
∆ = x2 2
y 2 1 = r.r x 1 y1 1 = 0. ⇒ (3x − 1)2 a 2 + b 2 + (3y )2 a 2 + b 2 = a 2 + b 2
x3 y3 1 x1 y1 1 ⇒ (3x − 1) + (3y ) = a + b
2 2 2 2

So points lie on a straight line. Alternative:

Alternative: As discussed above a cos t + b sin t = 3h − 1 and
− b cos t + a sin t = 3k .
Let x 1 = a, x 2 = ar, x 3 = ar 2 Squaring and adding :
y1 = b, y 2 = br, y 3 = br 2 (a cos t + b sin t )2 + (− b cos t + a sin t )2 = (3h − 1)2 + (3k )2
Let A ≡ (x 1 , y1 ), B ≡ (x 2 , y 2 ), C ≡ (x 3 , y 3 )
⇒ a 2 + b 2 = (3x − 1)2 + (3y )2 (b)
y − y 2 b(1 − r ) b
Slope of AB = 1 = = π 
x 1 − x 2 a (1 − r ) a 8. Equation of OB, y = x tan + α 
 4 
y − y 3 br (1 − r ) b
Slope of BC = 2 = = ⇒ x (sin α + cos α ) = y(cos α − sin α )
x 2 − x 3 ar (1 − r ) a
Hence AB | | BC and points A, B, C are collinear. (a)
6. Let the point P(x, y ) be equidistant from (a 1 , b1 ) and
(a 2 , b 2 ) .
∴ (x − a 1 )2 + (y − b1 )2 = (x − a 2 )2 + (y − b 2 )2
⇒ − 2a 1 x + a 12 − 2b1 y + b12 = −2a 2 x + a 22 − 2b 2 y + b 22
⇒ 2(a 1 − a 2 )x + 2(b1 − b 2 )y + a 22 + b 22 − a 12 − b12 = 0
1
(
⇒ (a 1 − a 2 )x + (b1 − b 2 )y + a 22 + b 22 − a 12 − b12 = 0
2
) Next AC is ⊥ to OB and passes
A (a cos α, a sin α ) and hence its equation is
through

Alternative: π 
If P(x, y ) is equidistant from A (a 1 , b1 ) & B(a 2 , b 2 ) y − a sin α = − cot  + α (x − a cos α )
 4 
then P lies on the perpendicular bisector of AB.
 a + a 2 b1 + b 2  (y − a sin α ) =  a sin α − a cos α (x − a cos α )
M ≡  1 ,   a cos α + a sin α 
 2 2 
⇒ (y − a sin α )(cos α + sin α ) = (sin α − cos α )
b1 − b 2
m AB = (x − a cos α )
a1 − a 2
Hence required locus is: ⇒ y(cos α + sin α ) − a sin α. cos α − a sin 2 α
 b + b2   a −a2  a +a2  = x (sin α − cos α ) − a sin α. cos α + a cos 2 α
 y − 1  = − 1   x − 1 
 2   b1 − b 2  2  ⇒ x (cos α − sin α ) + y(cos α + sin α ) = a (d)

C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [47]

9. Let (h , k ) be co-ordinates of vertex C and (x 1 , y1 ) be The equation of the line is

co-ordinates of centroid of the triangle. x y
+ =1
h+2−2 k − 3 +1 6 8
∴ x1 = & y1 = ⇒ 4 x + 3y = 24
3 3
h k−2
⇒ x1 = , y1 = . But 2 x 1 + 3y1 = 1
3 3
h k−2
⇒ 2  + 3  = 1 ⇒ 2 x + 3y = 9 (a)
3  3 
(d)
x y 15. According to the question
10. Let the line be + = 1 . Hence
a b 3a > a 2 or a ∈ (0, 3) …(i)
4 3
a + b = −1 and + = 1 a 1 
a b and a 2 > or a ∈ (− ∞,0 ) ∪  , ∞  …(ii)
2 2 
3 4
⇒ b = −(1 + a ) & = 1− 1 
b a From (i) and (ii): a ∈  , 3  . (d)
2 
3 a−4
⇒ = 1
− (1 + a ) a 16. × 1(k − 1) = ±1
2
⇒ 3a + (a + 1)(a − 4 ) = 0
⇒ a2 −4 = 0⇒ a = ± 2.
x y x y
Hence the lines are+ = 1 and + = 1 . (d)
2 −3 −2 1
11. ax + 2by + 3b = 0]× b
⇒ k − 1 = ± 2 ⇒ k = 3 or k = −1 . (c)
bx − 2ay − 3a = 0]× a
2π
Eliminating x: 17. Slope of the line QM is tan =− 3
3
(
2 b2 + a 2 ) y + 3(b 2
)3
+a2 = 0⇒ y = −
2
(c)

12. Let the triangle be ABC with A (1, 1) . Let B and C are
respectively (x 1 , y1 ) and (x 2 , y 2 ) . Hence
x1 + 1
= −1 ⇒ x 1 = −3
2
y1 + 1 Hence, the equation of line QM is y = − 3x . (a)
= 2 ⇒ y1 = 3
2 1+ K 4 + 3  1+ K 7 
18. Mid-point of PQ ≡  , = , 
x 2 +1  2 2   2 2
= 3 ⇒ x2 = 5
2 4−3 1
y2 +1 m PQ = =
= 2 ⇒ y2 = 3 1− k 1− k
2 1
∴Slope of ⊥ PQ = − = (k − 1)
Hence centroid of ABC is: 1
 1− 3 + 5 1+ 3 + 3   7  1− k
 ,  ≡ 1,  (a)
 3 3   3 ∴Equation of ⊥ r bisector is:
13. a, b, c are in HP 7  k +1 
y− = (k − 1) x − 
2 1 1 1 (− 2 ) 1 2  2 
⇒ = + ⇒ + + =0
b a c a b c Put x = 0 ,
x y 1 7 (k − 1)(k + 1)
⇒ + + = 0 is satisfied by (1, − 2) (a) y− = −
a b c 2 2
a b 7 k 2 −1 8 − k 2
14. = 3 ⇒ a = 6; = 4 ⇒ b = 8 ⇒ y= − =
2 2 2 2 2
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [48]

8− k2 x y
+ =1
∴−4= ⇒ −8 = 8− k2 K:
c 3
2
1
⇒ k 2 = 16 ⇒ k = ±4 (d)  
19. For both lines ( )
p p2 +1 x − y + q = 0 and ⇒ m K = − c  = −
1
3
c
(p 2 + 1) x + (p 2 + 1)y + 2q = 0 to be perpendicular to a
2  
3
For K to be parallel to L, m K = m L .
common line, both the lines must be parallel to each
other. 3 3
⇒ 4=− ⇒ c=−
(
 p p2 +1 
  )
 2 2
 p +1  ( ) c 4

( )
∴− = −  x y 4x y
 −1  ∴K: + =1⇒ − + =1
   p2 +1  3 3 3 3
  −

( ) (( ))
2
4
2 p2 +1 ⇒ −4 x + y − 3 = 0 ⇒ 4x − y + 3 = 0
⇒ p p +1 = −
p2 +1
3 − (− 20 )
⇒ p(p 2 + 1) + (p 2 + 1) = 0
2 2 Distance between L & K =
4 2 + (− 1)2
⇒ (p 2 + 1) (p + 1) = 0
2
3 + 20 23
= (d) =
⇒ p + 1 = 0 , ∵ (p 2 + 1) ≠ 0 
 2  17 17
  22. In ∆OPQ as OR is angle bisector of ∠POQ , therefore
⇒ p = −1 OP PR
= .
Hence the given lines are perpendicular to a common OQ RQ
line for exactly one value of p. (b) Solving line L1 : y = x and line L 3 : y = −2
20. Let locus of points A, B, C be represented by (x , y ) . P ≡ (−2,−2)
As per question: Solving line L 2 : y = −2x and line L 3 : y = −2
(x − 1)2 + (y − 0)2 1 Q ≡ (1,−2 )
=
(x + 1)2 + (y − 0)2 3 ∴ OP = (− 2 − 0)2 + (− 2 − 0)2 = 8=2 2

⇒
(x − 1)2 + y 2 = 1 & OQ = (1 − 0)2 + (− 2 − 0)2 = 5
(x + 1)2 + y 2 9
⇒ 9(x − 1)2 + 9 y 2 = (x + 1)2 + y 2
⇒ 9 x 2 + 9 y 2 − 18x + 9 = x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 1
⇒ 8x 2 + 8 y 2 − 20 x + 8 = 0
20
⇒ x2 + y2 − x + 0y + 1 = 0
8
Above represents a circle on which A, B, C lies.
Therefore circumcentre of
  20   0    5 
∆ABC ≡  −  − ,−   ≡  ,0  . (b) PR OP 2 2
  8× 2   2   4  Hence = =
RQ OQ 5
x y
21. L : + =1 Therefore statement-I is true & statement II is false. (c)
5 b 23. Let P & Q be respectively (a ,0) & (0, b ). Hence equation
13 32
+ = 1 , (∵ L passes through (13, 32) x y
5 b of the line PQ is + = 1 . Since the line PQ passes
a b
⇒ 13b + 160 = 5b ⇒ 8b = −160 ⇒ b = −20
through the point (1,2 ) , therefore:
x y
∴L: − = 1 ⇒ 4x − y = 20 ⇒ 4x − y − 20 = 0 1 2 1 b−2 b
5 20 + = 1⇒ = ⇒ a= .
a b a b b−2
 4 
⇒ m L = −  = 4 Now the area A of the triangle OPQ is:
 −1 
C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n
 [49]

NOTE: This question is not correct since it is not

1 1 b2
A= ab = mentioned in question that b > 2 . However considering
2 2 b−2 the options given we have proceed as discussed above.

b2
Let f (b ) = . Now, area A is minimum when f (b ) 3 (2 ×1 + 1 − k )
b−2 24. =−
is minimum. 2 (2 × 2 + 4 − k )
b2 (b − 2)2b − b 2 = b 2 − 4b 3  3− k 
f (b ) = ⇒ f / (b ) = ⇒ = − 
b−2 (b − 2)2 (b − 2)2 2 8−k 
⇒ 24 − 3k = −6 + 2k
Sign scheme for f / (b ) is as shown below:
⇒ 30 = 5k ⇒ k = 6 (c)

2( 2)
25. x − coordinate of incentre = = 2− 2
2+2+2 2
Y
(0,2)
Also f (0) = 0 and f (4 ) = 8
Graph of y = f (b ) is as shown below: (0,1) • • (1,1)

•
(1,0) (2,0)

26. Since the point of intersection of the lines lies in fourth

quadrant and equidistant from both the axes therefore it
is of the form ( ℓ, −ℓ ) , (that is the point lies on the line
y = −x )
∴ 4a ( ℓ ) + 2a ( −ℓ ) + c = 0
& 5bℓ + 2b ( −ℓ ) + d = 0
Graph of y = f (b ) is as shown below:
⇒ 2aℓ + c = 0 & 3bℓ + d = 0
c d
⇒ ℓ=− & ℓ=−
2a 3b
c d
⇒ − =− ⇒ 3bc = 2ad ⇒ 3bc − 2ad = 0 (c)
2a 3b
1− 2 −1 2
27. m PS = = =−
13 9 9
−2
2 2

From above graph it is clear that f (b ) is minimum

when b is zero. Assuming b > 2 the minimum value of
f (b ) is obtained for b = 4 .
−2
Also when b = 4 , a = 2 .
Equation of required line y + 1 = ( x − 1)
9
b − 0 − b −4 ⇒ 9y + 9 = −2x + 2 ⇒ 2x + 9y + 7 = 0 (b)
m PQ = = = = −2 . (c)
0−a a 2

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C A T J E E , R a m a n N i w a s , N e a r A k a s h v a n i , M e h mo o r g a n j , V a r a n a s i , P h : ( 0 5 4 2 ) 2 3 6 3 4 5 5 . we b s i t e : w w w . c a t j e e . i n