eTRON BESS – 5MWh Liquid Cooled Battery Storage Container

AceOn offer one of the world’s most energy dense battery energy storage system
(BESS). Using new 314Ah LFP cells we are able to offer a high-capacity energy storage
system with 5016kWh of battery storage in standard 20ft container. This is a 45.8%
increase in energy density compared to previous 20foot battery storage systems.

The 5MWh BESS comes pre-installed and ready to be deployed in any energy storage
project around the world. We can offer flexible deployment of multiple battery containers
supporting both back-to-back and end-to-end installations. The battery container is
compatible with the leading global inverter manufacturers such as SMA & Power
Electronics with up-to 2.5MW of power per battery container.

The cutting-edge thermal design enables less than 4-degree system-level temperature
difference therefore keeping the battery cells at optimum temperatures and therefore
being to operate between -30 to +50 degree Celsius.

The energy storage system incorporates multiple safety design features including a
system controller, short circuit protection, rack level lockable disconnect, water-based
suppression system, intrusion detection system and fire detection and suppression
ultimately meaning we can offer NFPA 855 compliance. The BESS has the following
certification: IEC61000, IEC60730, UN3536, IEC62619, UL1973, UL9540A & UL9540
(pending).

1 Liquid Cooling Battery Container Specification

I Battery Cell
AceOn Battery storage systems rely on advanced Lithium Phosphate (LFP) chemistry to
provide a combination of high-power performance, low cost, and industry-leading safety.
Due to advancement in latest cell technology the 3.2V 314Ah prismatic cells (increase on
previous 280Ah) became AceOn’s best pick for a battery storage solution. Cell
specifications as follows.

Advanced features of cells are:

• Lower fire risk, no explosion risk, higher safety
• Advanced thermal design
• Active protection: short circuit, over-charging, over-discharging, high
temperature, extrusion, and other safety features
• Safety Vent (in the middle of 2 pole of cell)
• Metal protected against corrosion, be made of aluminum
• Self-discharge rate：Per month ≤3.0%

II Battery Module
Modular design which allows for customized configurations, ease of maintenance, and
future expansion capability. Modules are formed by configuring 104 of LFP cells in series
connection. Modules connected with a battery management system (BMU) to form a
rack-mountable module assembly. Multiple module assemblies are then combined into a
rack. Each rack contains rack-level BMS.

The positive and negative interface of the battery modules are provided with obvious
marks, are convenient to connect, visual check, examine and repair.
The positive sign of the battery module is “+” and the negative sign is “-“. The external
contact surface of the battery module is covered by insulating material (Metal protected
against corrosion, the top cover is made of PP, the bottom is made of aluminum.

III Battery Rack

There are 9 layers in each battery frame to accommodate 8 modules and 1 BSPU
(Battery Switch & Protective Unit). Every 4 modules are connected in series as a rack to
the DC bus.

Each battery Rack is with 416 battery cells in series with switch-disconnector, contactor,
detective unit, sampling line, battery management systems, control unit, etc.

IV Battery Container
There are 12 battery racks in each 20ft battery container. All racks are connected in
parallel and paired with a system BMS to meet the power and energy requirements of the
application at hand.

2 System BMS
BESS employs a sophisticated, multilevel battery management system (BMS) for system
monitoring and control. Each battery management system including:

• Module Battery management unit (BMU)

• Rack Battery Management controlling System (RBMS)
• System-level BMS (SBMS)

At the lower level is the Module BMS (BMU), which is designed to detect voltage,
temperature, and execute cell balance functions for cells. The rack BMS (RBMS) can
manage all module BMS units and detects total voltage, current, and executes protection
functions by switching DC-contactor.

Finally, a system-level BMS (SBMS) manages rack BMS units and communicates with
PCS or EMS. The table below outlines BMS units of the system

BMS major functionality as shown in the following table.

3 Auxiliary Equipment
Auxiliary equipment Includes System Controller, DC combiner, Auxiliary Power Supply
Panel, and liquid cooling system.

All the auxiliary equipment will be designed and installed inside the battery container. It
serves several functions in the system:

I Battery Combiner
The main function of the battery combiner is to combine multiple racks of batteries to one
DC bus, then connect to the DC input of PCS via bottom entry.

II Auxiliary Power Supply

With input connections, switches, connectors, UPS, and auxiliary power connection to
the auxiliary loads (BMS, module fans, liquid cooling system, FSS, etc.). And the UPS will
be designed for the BMS and control system.
Communication Combiner: Through the connections to the BMS, cooling system, FSS,
and other internal equipment, then combine them to the System Controller for control
integration.

III Battery System Controller

To offer one universal communication interface for battery systems with SCADA or EMS
and release EMS from basic system protection, AceOn deploys a system controller as
part of the BESS integration.

Control integration of the battery system (include battery BMS, cooling units, BCP, PCS
etc.)
Offer a universal interface for communication between battery systems and SCADA or
EMS.
Supports RS-485, CAN, dry contact, Ethernet communication and easy integration
Data logging (short period) for trouble shooting
Remote firmware updating
 IV Liquid Cooling System
The liquid cooling system will be designed and installed inside the battery container.

Advantages of Liquid Cooling:

Higher cooling capability: compared to air cooling, liquid cooling is capable of taking more
heat away from batteries under the same condition. And liquid cooling is the best choice
when thermal density is beyond the capability of air cooling.
Better temperature uniformity: Cooling liquid has a specific heat capacity which leads to a
smaller temperature rise during the cooling process. Therefore, battery cells will have a
smaller temperature difference with liquid cooling.
Lower Noise Emission: Without fans on battery modules for air cooling means no noise
emission from battery modules.
Working principle of Liquid Cooling

Battery Cooling: Cooling liquid powered by the pump will circulate inside battery modules
and take the heat from batteries. When the liquid gets out of the battery modules, it
became hot liquid with the heat from batteries. The hot liquid will circle back to a heat
exchanging tank.
Heat Exchanging: Inside the heat exchange tank, the refrigerant will vaporize from liquid
state to gaseous state. During this state/phase change process, the refrigerant will
absorb a huge amount of heat from the battery cooling liquid and cool down the cooling
liquid.
AC Cooling: The rest of the system is a standard Air Conditioner which releases the heat
to the environment through the phase change of the refrigerant.
Working principle of Liquid Cooling

4 Fire Suppression and Detection System

FSS system of liquid cooled container is designed according to NFPA 72 National Fire
Alarm and Signaling Code.

This system has two control modes: automatic and electrical manual.

Each protected area is equipped with two independent detection circuits. When the first
fire signal issued an alarm to indicate the part of the fire, and to remind staff attention;
when the second detector also sends out a fire signal, the automatic fire extinguishing
controller starts to enter the delay phase (0-30S adjustable). After the delay, open the
solenoid valve, the solenoid valve needle to start the head valve of the storage cylinder,
and begin to extinguish the fire, At the same time, the controller receives the feedback
signal from the pressure switch, and the control panel spraying indicator is on;

When the alarm controller is in manual state, the alarm controller only sends out the
alarm signal and does not output the action signal. After confirming the fire alarm by the
staff, press the emergency start button on the alarm control panel or the emergency
start/stop button at the entrance of the protected area to start the system and spray the
extinguishing agent.
For each 20ft battery container, 2 unit of smoke detectors, 2 unit of temperature detectors
and 1 unit of flammable gas detectors will be designed and installed.

When one of the smoker or temperature or flammable gas detector alarm, it will cause
the alarm bell alarm; when both smoker and temperature detectors alarm, the sound &
light alarm will alarm and the fire suppression system will discharge in the meantime.

AceOn provide water sprinkler piping system, inside the battery container there are 5
sprinkler nozzles, which evenly distributed at the centerline position of the battery
container.