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Database Management System

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7 views

Database Management System

Uploaded by

jitender
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Three schema Architecture


o The three schema architecture is also called ANSI/SPARC
architecture or three-level architecture.
o This framework is used to describe the structure of a specific
database system.
o The three schema architecture is also used to separate the user
applications and physical database.
o The three schema architecture contains three-levels. It breaks the
database down into three different categories.

The three-schema architecture is as follows:

In the above diagram:


o It shows the DBMS architecture.
o Mapping is used to transform the request and response between
various database levels of architecture.
o Mapping is not good for small DBMS because it takes more time.
o In External / Conceptual mapping, it is necessary to transform the
request from external level to conceptual schema.
o In Conceptual / Internal mapping, DBMS transform the request from
the conceptual to internal level.

1. Internal Level

o The internal level has an internal schema which describes the


physical storage structure of the database.
o The internal schema is also known as a physical schema.
o It uses the physical data model. It is used to define that how the
data will be stored in a block.
o The physical level is used to describe complex low-level data
structures in detail.

2. Conceptual Level

o The conceptual schema describes the design of a database at the


conceptual level. Conceptual level is also known as logical level.
o The conceptual schema describes the structure of the whole
database.
o The conceptual level describes what data are to be stored in the
database and also describes what relationship exists among those
data.
o In the conceptual level, internal details such as an implementation
of the data structure are hidden.
o Programmers and database administrators work at this level.

3. External Level

o At the external level, a database contains several schemas that


sometimes called as subschema. The subschema is used to describe
the different view of the database.
o An external schema is also known as view schema.
o Each view schema describes the database part that a particular user
group is interested and hides the remaining database from that user
group.
o The view schema describes the end user interaction with database

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