JSPM’s Bhivarabai Sawant Institute of Technology and Research

Wagholi, Pune-412207
Department of Computer Engineering

Mini Project
On

“Bonafide Application Using Block

Chain”
Submitted to
Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering

Mini Project for the Degree Program

In
(Subject Name - Blockchain Technology)
(Laboratory Practice - III) (410243)

Submitted To:
Prof. Nitin Shivale
(BE-Sem I)

Submitted By:
Utkarsh Gaikwad - 72 (B)

HOD
Dr.Gaytri Bhandari
Blockchain Technology BE Students

1. INTRODUCTION

2. System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. Installation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. Android Studio Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Smart Contracts for Bonafide Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5. Backend Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.1. Infura for Ethereum Network Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.2. Database for User Data and Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

6. Frontend Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6.1. UI Design for Bonafide Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

7. Handling Ethereum Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

7.1. Transaction Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7.2. Gas Management for Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7.3. Transaction Confirmation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

8. Security Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.1. Smart Contract Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.2. Encryption for Data Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

9. Testing and Debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

9.1. Smart Contract Unit Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9.2. Frontend Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

10. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

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Abstract

Blockchain technology has revolutionized the way digital transactions and doc-
ument verification are handled by introducing a decentralized, secure, and tamper-
proof system. This project presents the design and implementation of a bonafide
application using the Ethereum blockchain to address challenges in traditional doc-
ument verification processes. The application leverages smart contracts to auto-
mate the issuance, verification, and management of bonafide certificates, ensuring
the integrity and authenticity of the documents.
The system utilizes a decentralized architecture with Web3.js for Ethereum net-
work interactions, React for a user-friendly interface, and Node.js for backend inte-
gration. Key features include automated certificate generation, secure transaction
handling, gas management, and the ability to verify certificates instantly by autho-
rized parties. By eliminating manual verification processes, the proposed solution
significantly reduces the risk of forgery and enhances operational efficiency for ed-
ucational institutions and organizations requiring bonafide documents.
This paper outlines the installation process, technical architecture, security mea-
sures, and testing protocols applied in the development of the application. The
results demonstrate that blockchain technology can provide a robust, secure, and
scalable solution for document verification, offering an effective alternative to tra-
ditional methods.

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Introduction

In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a groundbreaking innovation,

offering unparalleled security, transparency, and efficiency across various industries.
One of the significant applications of this technology lies in the realm of document
verification, where blockchain can provide an immutable, tamper-proof system for
managing important records. Traditional methods of issuing and verifying docu-
ments, such as bonafide certificates, often face challenges related to forgery, delayed
verification processes, and the need for intermediaries.
This project focuses on developing a blockchain-based bonafide application that
leverages the Ethereum network to streamline the generation, verification, and
management of bonafide certificates. By using decentralized technology, this ap-
plication ensures that bonafide certificates are securely stored and can be instantly
verified by educational institutions, employers, or other relevant authorities. The
system is designed to be user-friendly, integrating modern web technologies such
as React, Web3.js, and a smart contract written in Solidity to automate the entire
process.
Through the implementation of this application, stakeholders will benefit from
enhanced security, reduced administrative burdens, and the elimination of fraud-
ulent documentation. The following sections of this paper detail the installation
process, smart contract design, backend and frontend integration, Ethereum trans-
action handling, and security measures incorporated into the system.

2. System Requirements

0.1 sec:system-requirements

• Operating System: Windows 10 or higher, macOS 10.14 (Mojave) or higher,

Linux (Ubuntu 18.04 or higher).
• Processor: Intel i5 or higher, AMD Ryzen 5 or higher.
• Memory: Minimum 8 GB RAM (16 GB recommended for better perfor-
mance).
• Storage: At least 100 GB of free disk space.
• Node.js: Version 14.0.0 or higher.
– Node.js is required to run the backend server and handle dependencies.

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• Truffle Suite: Version 5.0 or higher.

– Truffle is used for developing, testing, and deploying smart contracts.
• Ganache: Version 2.0 or higher.
– Ganache is necessary for setting up a local blockchain environment for de-
velopment and testing.
• Web Browser: Google Chrome (latest version), Mozilla Firefox (latest ver-
sion).
– These browsers are required for interacting with the frontend and Web3-
based DApp.
• Metamask Extension: The latest version of the MetaMask extension for
browser-based Ethereum wallet functionality.
• Infura Account: An active Infura account for connecting to the Ethereum
network (testnets like Ropsten, Sepolia, etc.).
• Git: Version control system to manage the application’s codebase.
• Text Editor: Visual Studio Code or any IDE that supports JavaScript, So-
lidity, and web development.
• Other Dependencies:
– npm (Node Package Manager) to install required packages and dependencies.
– Web3.js library for interacting with the Ethereum blockchain.

3. Installation Process

1. Download Android Studio:

• Go to the official Android Studio download page: https://developer.
android.com/studio.
• Select the version suitable for your operating system (Windows, macOS, or
Linux).
• Click on the download button and accept the terms and conditions.
2. Install Android Studio:
(a) For Windows:
• Run the downloaded .exe file.

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• Follow the installation wizard, choose the components to install, and

click Next.
• Set the installation path and click Install.
• After installation, launch Android Studio and complete the initial setup.
3. Configure Android SDK:
• After installation, Android Studio will prompt you to install the Android
SDK.
• Select the version of the SDK that is compatible with your project.
• Click Finish to complete the installation and configure the SDK paths.
4. Verify Installation:
• Open Android Studio and create a new project to verify if the installation
was successful.
• Ensure that the necessary components, such as the emulator or physical
device setup, are properly configured.

4. Deployment Of Smart Contract

Smart contracts form the backbone of the bonafide application, ensuring auto-
mated, secure, and immutable transactions on the Ethereum blockchain. These
self-executing contracts contain predefined rules and conditions that manage the
issuance, verification, and validation of bonafide certificates without the need for
intermediaries. In this system, the smart contract is responsible for generating a
unique certificate ID, storing essential data such as the purpose, year, division,
and verification status, and recording the blockchain transaction (trnx) details.
Once deployed, the contract guarantees that all operations are transparent and
tamper-proof, enabling stakeholders such as students, institutions, and employers
to interact with the system confidently. Additionally, the smart contract handles
the integration of Ethereum transactions and ensures the certificate data is veri-
fiable through decentralized ledger technology, eliminating the risk of fraudulent
certificates and streamlining the entire verification process.

5. Backend Integration

5.1. Infura for Ethereum Network Connection

Infura provides a reliable and scalable infrastructure for connecting decentralized

applications (dApps) to the Ethereum blockchain without the need to run a full

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node. In the bonafide application, Infura serves as the backbone for interacting
with the Ethereum network, enabling seamless execution of smart contracts and
blockchain transactions. By offering high-availability Ethereum API endpoints, In-
fura ensures that the application can communicate efficiently with the blockchain,
facilitating tasks such as issuing and verifying bonafide certificates, retrieving trans-
action data, and interacting with smart contracts. Its support for various Ethereum
networks, including testnets like Sepolia and Ropsten, allows for comprehensive
testing and deployment without the overhead of managing blockchain nodes. With
Infura’s robust security protocols, data integrity, and reliability, the application
benefits from secure and uninterrupted blockchain access, ensuring the smooth and
trusted execution of all certificate-related transactions.

0.2 5.2. Database for User Data and Transaction

Firebase offers a robust and scalable solution for storing and managing data in
real time, making it ideal for modern applications like the bonafide system. By
leveraging Firebase’s cloud-based infrastructure, this application can securely store
essential user data, including certificate details, user credentials, and transaction
metadata, while ensuring fast and reliable access across devices. Firebase’s Fire-
store database provides a flexible, NoSQL structure that allows for seamless inte-
gration with the application’s frontend and backend, enabling dynamic updates,
user authentication, and secure access control. Additionally, Firebase ensures that
all stored data is synchronized in real time, allowing users and institutions to in-
stantly verify the status and authenticity of bonafide certificates. With its built-in
security features, such as data encryption and role-based access control, Firebase
guarantees data integrity and user privacy, making it a suitable choice for handling
sensitive information within the application.
The rise of the internet and digital technologies has made identity theft more
prevalent, as cybercriminals increasingly exploit vulnerabilities in online systems
to gain access to sensitive data. Victims of identity theft can suffer significant
financial loss, damage to their credit scores, and the long-term impact of restoring
their identity. As a result, it is crucial for individuals and organizations to imple-
ment strong security measures and practices to safeguard personal information and
mitigate the risk of identity theft.

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6. Frontend Development

6.1. UI Design for Bonafide Application

The main page UI of the bonafide application is designed to provide a clear and
user-friendly interface, offering students a comprehensive view of their certificate
status at a glance. The page prominently displays the student’s name alongside
the current status of their bonafide application, which can be categorized as ”Ap-
proved,” ”Under Review,” or ”Rejected.” This real-time status update ensures
transparency and keeps students informed of their application’s progress. Addi-
tionally, for applications that have been processed, the transaction hash associated
with the blockchain verification is displayed. This hash serves as a unique iden-
tifier for the transaction, allowing students and verifying authorities to track and
confirm the authenticity of the certificate directly on the Ethereum blockchain.
The streamlined design enhances user experience by delivering critical information
efficiently, ensuring that users can easily navigate through the application process
with confidence.

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7. Handling Ethereum Transaction

7.1. Transaction Verification

A successful transaction within the bonafide application signifies the seamless exe-
cution of a certificate issuance or verification process on the Ethereum blockchain.
Upon completion, users receive immediate confirmation of the transaction status,
ensuring transparency and trust in the system. This success is reflected not only
in the updated application status—transitioning to ”Approved” or ”Under Re-
view”—but also through the generation of a unique transaction hash. This hash
serves as an immutable record of the transaction, allowing users and verifying au-
thorities to access detailed information about the event on the blockchain. The
robustness of the underlying smart contract ensures that all processes are exe-
cuted as intended, safeguarding against fraud and discrepancies. As a result, users
can confidently rely on the integrity of their bonafide certificates, knowing that
their transactions have been successfully recorded and can be verified at any time,
thereby enhancing the overall credibility and efficiency of the application.

7.2. Gas Management for Transactions

Effective gas management is crucial for optimizing transaction costs and enhanc-
ing the overall efficiency of the bonafide application when interacting with the
Ethereum blockchain. Gas, the unit that measures the computational effort re-
quired to execute operations, directly impacts the speed and cost of transactions.
In the bonafide application, a robust gas management system automatically esti-
mates the required gas for each transaction based on current network conditions,
ensuring that users are not overcharged while maintaining timely execution. By
dynamically adjusting gas limits and prices, the application can facilitate faster
confirmations during peak usage times, allowing users to benefit from minimized
delays in certificate issuance and verification processes. Additionally, transparent
communication of gas costs to users enhances their understanding of transaction
expenses, fostering trust and confidence in the application. This proactive approach
to gas management not only optimizes user experience but also contributes to the
sustainable use of blockchain resources, aligning with best practices in decentralized
application development.

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7.3. Transaction Confirmation Process

Transaction confirmation in the bonafide application is a critical step that ensures

the integrity and reliability of certificate issuance and verification on the Ethereum
blockchain. Once a user initiates a transaction, the application promptly monitors
the blockchain network for confirmation, indicating that the transaction has been
successfully validated and recorded. This confirmation process not only provides
users with real-time updates on the status of their transactions but also instills
confidence in the system’s robustness and transparency. Upon confirmation, users
receive a notification along with the transaction hash, which serves as a permanent
reference point for tracking and verifying the transaction on the blockchain. This
mechanism guarantees that all transactions are executed securely and accurately,
reinforcing trust among users and stakeholders. By facilitating timely transaction
confirmations, the bonafide application enhances the overall user experience and
ensures the seamless operation of its blockchain-based features.

8. Security Measures

8.1. Smart Contract Security

Smart contract security is paramount in the bonafide application, as these self-

executing contracts govern the issuance and validation of certificates on the Ethereum
blockchain. To mitigate vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity of transactions, the
development team employs industry best practices, including thorough code audits,
rigorous testing, and adherence to secure coding standards. By leveraging formal
verification techniques, the application can mathematically prove the correctness
of smart contracts, thereby reducing the risk of exploits and unintended behaviors.
Additionally, implementing robust access control mechanisms and multi-signature
wallets enhances the security of critical operations, safeguarding against unautho-
rized access and potential malicious attacks. Regular updates and community
engagement further bolster the security posture by addressing newly discovered
vulnerabilities and incorporating feedback from the decentralized ecosystem. This
proactive approach to smart contract security not only protects user data and assets
but also fosters trust in the bonafide application, ensuring a reliable and resilient
platform for all stakeholders.

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8.2. Encryption for Data Transmission

Encryption for data transmission is a critical component of the bonafide applica-

tion, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information exchanged
between users and the blockchain. By employing advanced encryption protocols
such as TLS (Transport Layer Security) and end-to-end encryption, the applica-
tion safeguards data as it travels over the network, preventing unauthorized access
and potential interception by malicious actors. This robust encryption framework
not only protects user credentials, transaction details, and certificate data during
transmission but also enhances overall trust in the application by assuring users
that their information remains secure. Furthermore, the use of public and private
key cryptography within the blockchain context reinforces data authenticity and
non-repudiation, ensuring that only intended recipients can access the information.
By prioritizing strong encryption practices, the bonafide application maintains a
secure communication channel, contributing to a safe and reliable environment for
users to manage their bonafide certificates.

9. Testing and Debugging

9.1. Smart Contract Unit Testing

Smart contract unit testing is an essential practice for ensuring the reliability and
functionality of the bonafide application’s blockchain components. By systemati-
cally testing individual smart contract functions in isolation, developers can identify
and rectify bugs, vulnerabilities, and logical errors before deployment. Utilizing
testing frameworks such as Truffle and Hardhat, the development team creates
comprehensive test suites that cover a wide range of scenarios, including normal
operations, edge cases, and failure modes. This rigorous testing process helps vali-
date the correctness of contract logic, ensuring that features like certificate issuance,
verification, and transaction handling behave as intended. Additionally, automated
testing facilitates continuous integration and deployment, allowing for quick iter-
ations and updates to the smart contracts while maintaining high code quality.
By prioritizing smart contract unit testing, the bonafide application enhances its
overall security and performance, providing users with a robust and trustworthy
platform for managing their certificates.

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9.2. Frontend Testing

Frontend testing is a vital aspect of the bonafide application, ensuring that the user
interface (UI) delivers a seamless and intuitive experience while interacting with
the blockchain functionalities. By employing various testing methodologies, includ-
ing unit tests, integration tests, and end-to-end tests, developers can verify that UI
components function correctly and meet the intended design specifications. Utiliz-
ing tools such as Jest for unit testing and Cypress for end-to-end testing allows for
automated verification of user interactions, ensuring that features like certificate
requests, status updates, and transaction displays operate flawlessly across differ-
ent devices and browsers. Furthermore, frontend testing plays a crucial role in
identifying usability issues and performance bottlenecks, enabling the development
team to enhance the application’s responsiveness and overall user satisfaction. By
implementing a thorough frontend testing strategy, the bonafide application not
only provides a robust and engaging user experience but also fosters trust and
confidence among users as they navigate their certificate management tasks.

10. Conclusion

In conclusion, the bonafide application represents a significant advancement in the

secure management and verification of certificates through blockchain technology.
By leveraging smart contracts, robust encryption, and a user-friendly interface, the
application not only streamlines the certificate issuance process but also enhances
transparency and trust among users. The comprehensive testing strategies em-
ployed throughout the development lifecycle—encompassing smart contract unit
testing, frontend testing, and rigorous gas management—ensure a reliable and ef-
ficient platform that meets the highest standards of security and usability. As the
bonafide application continues to evolve, its commitment to leveraging cutting-edge
technology and best practices will enable it to adapt to emerging challenges and
opportunities within the blockchain ecosystem. Ultimately, this application aims
to empower educational institutions and students alike, providing a secure and ef-
ficient means of managing bonafide certificates while fostering a new era of digital
trust.

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Figure 1: Main Page UI.

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Figure 2: Transaction Successfully.

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