BIOS: The BIOS, or Basic Input/Output System, is firmware embedded in your computer’s

motherboard. It is responsible for initializing hardware components, such as the processor, memory, and
hard drives, when the computer is powered on. It also provides a basic set of low-level functions that
allow the operating system to communicate with the hardware.

Accessing the BIOS : it allows you to configure various settings, such as boot order, CPU settings,
system time, and more. You can also perform tasks like updating the BIOS firmware or resetting the BIOS
to default settings if needed.

the BIOS can vary slightly depending on the computer manufacturer, model, and BIOS version. It’s
always recommended to consult the computer’s manual or the manufacturer’s website for specific
instructions related to your device.

Additionally, the availability of certain methods or shortcuts may depend on the specific BIOS
implementation and version. Some newer computers may use UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware
Interface) instead of traditional BIOS, which can have different access methods and interfaces.

Diagram of bios

POST: Power-on Self-Test, POST does not rely on any specific operating system. Additionally, there
does not even need to be an OS installed on a hard drive for it to run because POST is handled by the
BIOS, not any installed software. If an OS is installed, POST runs before it can start up.
POST checks that basic system devices are present and working properly, like the keyboard, peripheral
devices, and other hardware elements like processors, storage devices, and memory.

The computer will continue to boot after POST, but only if POST is successful. If POST finds an issue, you
will get an error of some kind, and hopefully the error is clear enough to start the troubleshooting
process.

How to use BIOS:

BIOS supports several configuration options that can be changed through the setup utility.
Saving these changes and restarting the computer, thus applying these changes, alters the
way BIOS instructs hardware to operate.

This includes the ability to:

o Change the Boot Order

o Load BIOS Setup Defaults

o Update BIOS

o Change Hard Drive Settings

o Change CD/DVD/BD Drive Settings

 o View Amount of Memory Installed

o Change CPU Settings

o Change Memory Settings

o Change System Voltages

o Change Power-on Settings

o Enable or Disable BIOS Control of System Resources

o Change Fan Speed Settings

o View CPU and System Temperatures

o View Fan Speeds

o View System Voltages

o and so much more

BIOS Security :
Cyberattacks have become increasingly sophisticated, and traditional safeguards are proving
to be ineffective in the face of these advanced attacks.

Without BIOS security, hackers can easily access and manipulate a computer's information,
gaining control over your system up to the highest level.

These data breaches are often very difficult to detect, even when using high-level scanning
and other protective measures.

There are three primary methods used to protect your BIOS: passwords, full-disk encryption,
and trusted platform modules

What contains BIOS?

All modern computer motherboards contain BIOS software.
BIOS access and configuration are independent of any operating system because the BIOS is
part of the motherboard hardware.

Irrespective of whether or not an operating system is installed, the BIOS functions outside of
the operating system environment.

How to access BIOS Windows :

1. Access BIOS at computer start-up

 Start or restart your computer.

 Look for a message on the screen indicating the key to access BIOS, often displayed as
"Press [Key] to enter BIOS" or a similar message.

 Common keys to try are Del, F2, F10, or Esc.

 Press the designated key repeatedly as soon as the computer starts until the BIOS
setup utility appears.

2. Navigate to BIOS from settings

 Press the Windows key + I to open the Settings app.

 Click on "Update & Security".

 From the left sidebar, select "Recovery".

 Under "Advanced startup," click on the "Restart now" button.

 When the computer restarts, select "Troubleshoot".

 Choose "Advanced options" and then "UEFI Firmware Settings".

 Click on "Restart" to access the BIOS.

3. Access BIOS by restarting with Shift

 Click on the Start menu or press the Windows key.

 Hold the Shift key on your keyboard.

 Click on "Power" and then select "Restart".

 Your computer will restart, and the Advanced Startup Options menu will appear.
  Follow the path: Troubleshoot → Advanced options → UEFI Firmware Settings →
Restart.

4. Access BIOS by pressing the Setup key

 Start or restart your computer.

 Pay attention to the manufacturer's logo or initial startup screen.

 Look for the key displayed to "Enter Setup" or "BIOS Setup".

 Common keys include Del, F2, F10, F12, or Esc.

 Press the designated key immediately and repeatedly until the BIOS setup utility
appears.

5. Set up a shortcut to access BIOS

 Right-click on your desktop and select "New" → "Shortcut".

 In the location field, type "shutdown.exe /r /fw" (without quotes) and click "Next".

 Name the shortcut, e.g., "Access BIOS," and click "Finish".

 Double-clicking the shortcut will restart your computer and directly enter the BIOS.

6. Access BIOS with a command:

 Press Windows key + R to open the Run dialog box.

 Type "cmd" and press Enter to open the Command Prompt.

 In the Command Prompt, type "shutdown.exe /r /fw" (without quotes) and press
Enter.

 Your computer will restart and enter the BIOS automatically.

7. Access BIOS from Windows Run:

 Press Windows key + R to open the Run dialog box.

 Type "msconfig" and press Enter to open the System Configuration utility.

 In the System Configuration window, go to the "Boot" tab.

 Under the "Boot options" section, check the "Safe boot" box and select "Minimal".
  Click "Apply" and then click "OK".

 A prompt will appear asking you to restart your computer.

 Click on "Restart" to initiate the restart process.

 Your computer will boot into the BIOS automatically.

BIOS :

1) MAIN:
2) ADVANCED:

3) POWER:
4) SECURITY:

5) BOOT:
6) EXIT: