9500 MPR

Release 4

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 Microwave Packet

Radio (MPR) is a solution for smooth
transformation of backhaul networks from
TDM/ATM to Ethernet. The 9500 MPR
solution efficiently transports whatever
multimedia traffic since it handles packets
natively (packet mode) while still
supporting legacy TDM traffic (hybrid
mode), with the same Hardware. It also
provides the Quality of Service (QoS)
needed to satisfy end-users. This solution
not only improves packet aggregation, but
also increases the bandwidth and optimizes
the Ethernet connectivity.
1 What is the product? 4
1.1 Working Modes 7

2 9500 MPR Platform features 8

2.1 MSS 9
2.2 MPT 13
2.2.1 Multipurpose radio 13
2.2.2 Connectivity options 14
2.2.3 Frequency availability 14
2.2.4 XPIC 14
2.3 MPR-e 15

3 Environmental – Operating Limits 16

4 Card Description 17
4.1 Core Board 17
4.2 PDH Access Board 19
4.3 Ethernet Access Card (EAS) 20
4.4 2E1 SFP 23
4.5 ASAP Board 24
4.6 SDH Access Card 25
4.6.1 STM-1 mux/demux application 26
4.6.2 STM-1 transparent transport application 26
4.7 EoSDH SFP 27
4.8 E3 SFP 28
4.1 MPT Access Card 29
4.2 Power injector plug-in 30
4.3 AUX board 31
4.4 Fan Board 33
4.5 +24V integrated DC/DC converter 34

5 IDU Datasheet 35

6 Modem Performances (MPT) 40

6.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor1 40
6.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM) 40
6.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) 41
6.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation 41

7 MEF-8 and ATM 42

7.1 MEF-8 42
7.1.1 BER performances 42
7.1.2 Packet Delay Variation control 43
7.2 ATM 43
7.2.1 Physical layer Management 44

2
 7.2.2 IMA layer management 44
7.2.3 ATM layer management 44
7.2.4 PW layer 45

8 Adaptive Modulation 47
8.1 Performances of Adaptive Modulation: 48

9 Synchronization 49

10 Ethernet Features 52
10.1 MAC Switching – embedded Level 2 Ethernet 52
10.2 Level-2 Addressing 52
10.3 Flooding 53
10.4 Half bridge functionality 53
10.5 Summary of Ethernet Features Supported 53
10.5.1 IEEE 802.3x Flow control 53
10.5.2 Asymmetric Flow control 53
10.5.3 802.1Q VLAN management 54
10.5.4 Link Aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad) 54
10.6 Ethernet OAM (IEEE 802.3ag) 55
10.7 Ethernet Ring Protection (ITU-T G.8032v2) 58
10.8 Other features 60
10.8.1 Stacked VLAN (Q-in-Q): 802.1ad 60
10.8.2 VLAN swap 60
10.9 Ethernet QoS 61
10.9.1 Traffic priority 61
10.9.2 IEEE 802.1P QoS configuration 61
10.9.3 DiffServ QoS configuration 61
10.9.4 Congestion management 62
10.9.5 Quality of Service 62

11 MPT Technical description 64

11.1 MPT Capacities 65
11.2 MPT RF specifications 65

12 Radio Configurations 73
12.1 Antenna Mount 75
12.2 Couplers 76
12.3 Ortho-Mode Transducers (OMT) 77
12.4 4+0 dual pol integrated coupler 78

13 MPT-GC Technical description 79

3
 1 What is the product?

Alcatel-Lucent with its innovation of Microwave Packet radio has introduced for the first time a
Native packet microwave capable to be deployed on TDM network today and have already all the
required potentiality to move to a full packet network.

From Backhaul Hybrid operational mode

PDH/SDH
Mobile
2G, 3G, 4G ATM/IMA

Ethernet
Ethernet
Private ATM
Business office
TDM Software
9500 MPR
at HUB site
settings
Fixed DSL
Packet operational mode

Phone
Ethernet
PDH/CES
ATM/PW

9500 MPR can operate in Hybrid or Packet Mode with same hardware
Enabling possibility for smooth migration from Hybrid mode to Packet mode

9500 MPR in fact is a packet-based solution designed to address in native way networks where
packet based traffic is predominant, nevertheless supporting the still present TDM/ATM traffic,
which remains vital. 9500 MPR represents the solution to allow smooth migration from the TDM
world to the packet domain in the Mobile Backhauling networks. The different incoming traffics are
converted into Ethernet packets before sending them to the internal Ethernet switch, the packet
overhead on E1 /STM-1 being removed before sent in the air.

As capacity grows in the access, the requirement for higher bandwidth support will be needed in the
backhaul as well as in the metro network. Alcatel-Lucent target to address metro networks
requirement with a carrier Ethernet based solution combined with microwave packet transport. The
result in the long run is a change in the backhaul from PDH links to carrier Ethernet and in the Metro
from SDH to carrier Ethernet packet rings, and eventually to mesh networks. Exploiting the benefits
of packet architecture vs. circuit architecture (Multiservice aggregation, Service awareness, adaptive
packet transport) in accommodating broadband services, 9500 MPR allows the access equipment to

4
smoothly evolve in line with the new technology and related protocols (ATM/TDM/Ethernet) without
the need of renewal of an existing microwave site and protecting the already made investments.

9500 MPR is based on two separate elements:

• the MSS, an indoor service switch that can also operate as a stand alone site
aggregator
a) the multipurpose ODU, the MPT, open to be managed in the following
operating modes:
• Split-Mount mode in conjunction with MSS
• Standalone mode (for native Ethernet applications) connected directly to
any switch/router/base station

9500 MPR Node supports a mix of non-protected and protected or diversity operation for single link,
repeater or star radio configurations.

The core platform, MSS4/8, with multiplexing & symmetrical x-connection functions, is able to
manage different radio directions, with the possibility to add-drop tributaries in case of local
PDH/SDH/ATM/Ethernet accesses. Core platform is based on packet technology (Ethernet Switch)
with a generic interface serial 16 x GETH between Core and peripherals.

The peripherals currently available are:

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 - 32 ports E1 card for PDH applications
- 16 ports E1 card for native ATM/IMA applications
- 2E1 SFP for few E1s connectivity
- E3 SFP for E3 connectivity
- AUX card for auxiliary channels and station alarms collection
- 2 ports STM-1 card for SDH applications
- EoSDH SFP for Ethernet over SDH applications
- Ethernet Access switch card providing 8GE i/F
- Fan unit

The Outdoor Units are connected to the MSS, through one of the following interfaces:
- One port of the Core Board
- One port of MPT Access card
- One port of EAS card

Industry-leading scalability and density is provided in the 9500 MPR, supporting a two rack unit MSS-
8 (2 RU) or a one rack unit MSS-4 (1 RU). The MSS-8 has eight slots, while MSS-4 has four slots; in
both cases, two are allocated for core cards (control and switch module), with the remaining six (or
two) being available for user traffic adapter cards (PDH access card, SDH Access Card, ATM access
card, Auxiliary card) or for radio card (modem, MPT Access Card, AWY Access Card). Each of the
adapter card slots can be used for any adapter card type, removing the burden of complex pre-
engineering and future scenario planning.

9500 MPR tail, supports a mix of non-protected and protected or diversity operation for single link.

For tail applications, the MSS-1c is able to manage up to 2 radio directions, with the possibility to
add-drop tributaries in case of local PDH/Ethernet accesses. MSS-1c is based on packet technology
(Ethernet Switch) with a max capacity of 5 Gbps. MSS-1c is a half width one rack unit, offering a
compact and cost optimized solution.

The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR has a compact, modular architecture, constructed to allow flexible use
of line adapter cards so operators can optimize the configuration to meet the specific requirements
of a site. With the modular architecture comes additional resiliency and flexibility. The solution can
optionally support 1+1 fully redundant configuration with core cards, PDH /SDH cards and radio
access cards; each type of card can be redundant independently. Full-protected configuration is
available, including EPS, RPS hitless, HSB and Core module protection.

6
9500 MPR together with all other Microwave and Optical transmission Network Elements is fully
integrated into 1350 OMS Network Management System providing all the tools required operating
the network. 9500MPR is also managed by the 5620 SAM broadband manager shared with the
Alcatel-Lucent IP product portfolios to provide full management and provision of the network at
service level.

1.1 Working Modes

9500 MPR provides, with a unique type of HW, two SW (Operational Systems) each one with its own
set of features and corresponding licenses:
• Packet OS - Service Switch Aggregator
• Hybrid OS - Traditional Microwave

The Service Aggregator OS allows configuring any features and any HW (included the Traditional MW
ones) supported in the release.

It is possible to migrate (upgrade) from the Hybrid OS to the Packet OS by installing the proper SW
and upgrading the license accordingly. Over-air capacity per ODU installed is common for both OS.

7
 2 9500 MPR Platform features

Unique features include:

• Cost-effective wireless solution for High Capacity applications up to 1 Gbit/sec ODU/RF channel
thanks to Packet Throughput Booster feature
• High Capacity Ethernet transport with embedded 16 Gbit/sec L2 switch
• Intelligent Indoor nodal unit supports up to 24 x ODU in 2U
• Multipurpose outdoor unit MPT working either in split mount or zero footprint
• Universal Node Architecture
• Aggregate any traffic type over a single traffic flow
• Statistical Multiplexing gain thanks to the Data Aware Features
• ODU capacity and modulation independent
• Adaptive modulation error free service driven
• Up to 16 Gigabit Switching Capability
• TDM MEF8 Encapsulation
• ATM over PW according to RFC 4717
• E1, E3, SDH, Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet customer interfaces.
• Hardened-temperature, from –40°C to +65 °C.
• Optional +24V integrated DC/DC converter
• Software-configurable traffic routing, without local cabling.
• 9500 MPR Craft Terminal, an advanced Java-based maintenance tool presents local and remote
node status with performance monitoring, configuration control and diagnostics.

8
 2.1 MSS

MSS implements functionalities of grooming, routing, switching and protection, exploiting a packet-
oriented technology. It is a modular design through a variety of hot-swappable plug in cards.

The MSS is available in four different versions:

• MSS-1c 1RU and ½ a rack width shelf to support up to 2 MPT

MSS-1c

9500 MPR MSS-1c is a compact system, offering E1/DS1 , Ethernet connectivity and up to 2 radio
directions on a single hardware

The interfaces currently available are:

- 16 ports E1/DS1
- 4 GETH ports, electrical and optical

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 - 2 ports for NMS chaining
- 1 port for local craft terminal
- 1 port for housekeeping (not managed in current release)
- 2 PFoE (power feed other Ethernet) ports for MPT connection
- 2 optical Gb Ethernet for MPT connection

Fan unit is optional and external to MSS-1c, requested for usage from 50°C to reach 65°C external
temperature.

• MSS-8 2RU shelf to support up 24 MPT

Supports up to 24 unprotected links, or 1 protected and 22 unprotected links, or 2
protected and 20 unprotected links, or 12 protected links.

MSS-8

• MSS-4 1RU shelf to support up to 12 MPT

Supports up to 12 unprotected links, or 1 protected link and 10 unprotected links, or 2
protected links and 8 unprotected links

MSS-4

Fan unit is optional and is needed in order to reach +65°C; MSS-4 without Fan Unit supports
up to +45°C for all equipment configurations.

10
9500 MPR MSS–8 receives the Battery input through 2 power connectors mounted on the chassis
and connected directly to the Back plane; on MSS-4 and a single connector is available.
Each board receives the Battery input (via Back plane) and provides adaptation to the customer
central power bus.

MSS-4/8 slots are reserved this way:

• Slot 1 is dedicated to the Core Main Board
• Slot 2 is dedicated to the Core Spare Board or to DC injector card
• Slots 3-8 are universal, reserved for transport and radio plug-ins

MSS-8 slot scheme

Please note that for building protected radio links (with 2 radio access cards), the relevant boards
have to be put on the same horizontal level, i.e. coupled on slots 3-4, or 5-6, or 7-8.

MSS-4 slot scheme

The connection scheme between the modules and the core board in MSS-8 is depicted in the picture
below. The transport modules are connected via Gigabit Ethernet to the Core-E module’s Ethernet
switch that is capable of merging and redirecting the traffic back to the transport modules or to the
radio. The case for MSS-4 is similar.

11
MSS-8 Block diagram

12
 2.2 MPT
2.2.1 Multipurpose radio

The innovative outdoor unit design of MPT, with GbE standard interface, opens the way to optimized
cost solution in the backhaul network.
MPT is a unique radio capable with the same hardware to be used:
- in standalone configuration (i.e. w/o dedicated indoor units), particularly useful in tail sites enabling
direct interconnection to Base Stations. In this configuration the equipment is called MPR-e.
- in split-mount configuration with MSS indoors

Multi purpose Microwave Radio Concept

Single MW solution MPT
across multiple use

Hybrid Stand Alone Nodal Integrated MW

Connectivit Split-Mount in

Any BS

Any CPE
NO IDU
MSS-1c Optimize MSS-4/8 SAR/TSS
Optimize Optimize Optimize Optimize
Fixed/Mobil
E1 and Ethernet Microwave MPLS
e
Ethernet Only Nodal Node

CARRIER
ETHERNET MPLS

The MPT is a Multipurpose Packet Radio that converts an Ethernet signal into a Radio signal; it
performs not only IF/RF functionalities, but hosts the modem section too. The input interface is a
standard Giga Ethernet interface (electrical or optical).
Ethernet traffic coming from MSS or from any GEthernet generic device (base station, router,
switch..) is transported to MPT through optical or electrical connectivity.
 2.2.2 Connectivity options

In case of electrical connectivity, indoor/outdoor distance up to 100m,a single CAT5 cable connects
an MPT to the MSS, or the GEthernet generic device.
In case of optical connectivity, two cables connect an MPT to the MSS or GEthernet generic device:
one cable is a 50 ohm coaxial cable to send the -48 V power supply to the MPT; the second is an
Ethernet CAT5 cable.

2.2.3 Frequency availability

MPT covers the full range of frequencies from 5.8 GHz to 38GHz and 70/80 GHz, including 60 GHz.

2.2.4 XPIC

Thanks to XPIC function, MPT can provide twice the capacity in one frequency channel ( Co-channel
Dual Polarized) for any combination of Ethernet, PDH and SDH up to 1Gbps.
This is very useful when access to frequency channels is limited.
Two traffic management are possible:
• Configuration by default: traffic flows statically configured and separated by the user.
Operator can segregate the two radio interfaces.
• In case of LAG, the mechanism is hashing the data flow. In case of hardware failure all the
traffic is redistributed to the working radio and traffic dropping is performed according to
QoS. LAG in conjunction with XPIC is providing both capacity increase and protection of the
high priority traffic

MPT being a multipurpose radio, ALU implemented an innovative solution to allow XPIC upgrade.
MPT-HC is capable to be upgraded in XPIC in field thanks to a dedicated module directly integrated in
the outdoor unit.

Adaptive Modulation (from 4QAM to 256QAM) is a working mode supported in conjunction with
XPIC . Several configurations are available:
• 2x(1+0) XPIC configuration : 2 MPT-HC interconnected together with XPIC cable. This
configuration allows operating simultaneously two links on the same radio channel, with one
using the vertical polarization, the other one the horizontal.

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 • Double 1+1 HSB XPIC : this configuration allows to protect 100% the traffic loaded on
polarization H and V in case of failure.
• Double 1+1 SD HSB XPIC : same configuration as before with 2 antennas

2.3 MPR-e

MPR-e is a new concept of radio outdoor radio.

Current MPT radio thanks to its GEthernet interface and its modem has a full flexible architecture
capable to support either split-mount architecture and stand alone architecture.
This flexibility is minimizing drastically the number of spare MPT and allowing to operator to change
his network topology based on the same hardware (full outdoor can become split-mount or the
opposite). Any GEthernet generic device (base station, switch, router..) will become capable to
transmit traffic other the air.

The Ethernet traffic is transmitted over the radio channel according to the configured QoS and to the
scheduler algorithms.

15
 3 Environmental – Operating Limits
Item Limit
ETS 300019-1-1, Class 1.2
Storage ETS 300019-2-1, Class 1.2
ETS 300019-1-2, Class 2.3
Transportation ETS 300019-2-2, Class 2.3
ETS EN 300 019-1-3 class 3.2
ETS EN 300 019-2-3 class 3.2
MSS-4 & 8:-40° to +65° C [1]
Stationary use MSS-1c: -40° to + 55° C (with external fan up to +65°C)
MSS 0 to 95% humidity, non-condensing
Dust and throw of water
MSS-4&8, MSS1c: IP20
Environmental ETS EN 300 019-1-4 Class 4.1
ETS EN 300 019-2-4 Class 4.1
ETSI EN 300 019-2-2 Rev. 9/2000 (for MPT-GC)
Guaranteed Temp. range: -33° to +55° C (Without sun shield)

Stationary use relative humidity 100%

MPT Dust and throw of water: IPX6 for ODU300 and IP67 for MPT

Extended range: -40° to +65° C with solar shield

(At extended operating temperatures 9500 MPR may be
subject to reduced performance. Contact Alcatel-Lucent for
details)

Altitude ≤ 4000m

ETS 300753 Telecommunication equipment room (attended),

Acoustic Class 3.2
EN 60950 : 2001 + A11:2004 to EN 60950 : 2001
EN 60825-1:2001
Safety EN 60825-2:2007
EN 50385 : 2002
EN 301 489-1 V1.8.1 (04/2008)
EMC EN 301 489-4 V1.3.1 (08/2002)
Radiated emissions Class B [2]

Spectrum EN 302 217-2-2 V1.3.1 (04/2009)

Notes: [1] Cold start is guaranteed at -20 °C, up to 60°C when E3 SFP module is inserted
[2] Class A with ASAP board equipped.

16
 4 Card Description

4.1 Core Board

The Core Board provides the key node management, control functions and Ethernet User traffic
management by performing the following macro functions:

• MSS Controller to manage all the peripheral modules. MSS has a one layer control
architecture implemented by a microprocessor acting as Equipment Controller and Physical
Machine Controller.
• Layer-2 Ethernet Switch performing Cross-Connect function between all the peripherals and
Ethernet ports. The switch assures to the system a complete interconnections between all
the boards connected into MSS node. The cross-connection between the boards is realized
by 1.25 GHz link.
• Clock Reference Unit (CRU) with main function to generate the Network Element Clock.
• Ethernet interfaces can be optionally used or as user interfaces or to connect up to 6 MPT
(Outdoor unit)

Core Board

The core board could be protected through a Core “Spare” (same PN of Core “Main”) that can be
added to provide Control platform redundancy and protection of aggregated data using an external
switch. The Core Board also carries the Compact Flash Card, which holds the terminal SW
Configuration and Node License.

17
The Frontal panel interfaces provide:

• 3 x 10/100/1000 Base – T Data Port

• 1 x 10/100/1000 Base – T configurable Data/NMS Port

• 2 x SFP ports (Optical or Electrical GETH)

• 1 x 10/100 Base-T LAN for 9500 MPR Craft Terminal or NMS

• 1 x Local CT Mini USB to upload Pre-Provisioning File (unused)

• 1 x Sync CK input via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that can be used as source for the Network

Element clock

• 1 x Sync CK output via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that provides the NE Clock

• 5 LED indicators for test and status

Core Board Frontal Panel

18
 4.2 PDH Access Board

The PDH Access Board has the aim to manage the specificities of the related external interface, to
implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the boundary internal
interface providing the consistency to the established SLA rules.

The PDH Access Board has two main functions:

• Termination or reconstruction of the E1 signal with the original PDH Timing meeting
G823/824 Requirements.
• Encapsulation/Extraction of those PDH data flows into/from std Eth packets MEF8
Compliant

PDH Access Board

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

• 32xE1
• One Led indicator for status

In case of EPS line protection two boards will be plugged inside the sub rack and an additional
protection panel will perform a ‘Y’ connection for both Tx and Rx PDH signals.
The card version is 32-port adapter.

19
 4.3 Ethernet Access Card (EAS)

In case more than 6 local Ethernet access are needed (that are built-in in the core card), 8 GE ports
card offers additional 8 10/100/1000 Ethernet interfaces.
An embedded 10 Gbit/sec L2 switch is present on the card.

There are 4 Electrical 10/100/1000 base-T electrical ports and 4 optical SFP (LX and SX).
Supported features:

• IEEE 802.1D
• User Selectable QoS : none, DiffServ or 802.1p bits
• VLAN management 802.1Q
• Q-in-Q IEEE 802.1Q
• Port segregation
• Flow control 802.3x
• Auto-negotiation enable/disable
• Support of jumbo frames (9728 bytes) on FE/GE interfaces
• Per port policer
• Per flow policer
• Broadcast/Multicast storm control
• MAC address control list
• VLAN swap

EAS card can be used optionally as interface card to interconnect up to 4 MPTs; supporting up to 24
MPT is a single MSS8.

Additionally, EAS card supports Multichannel LAG L1 feature. Multichannel feature provides a
solution where more traffic capacity is needed than can be transported over one physical link. N
radio links are aggregated to provide one logical link with a capacity that is the sum of the individual
links.

20
This feature is particularly useful for wireless transmission systems where multiple radio links must
be used in parallel to achieve very high capacities of 1Gbit/s and above. This provides optimum
payload balance, regardless of the throughput demands of individual user connections
Redundancy is also a feature of multichannel aggregation. If a link is lost, its traffic is directed onto
the remaining link(s) within the group.
If the Ethernet bandwidth on the remaining link(s) is over-subscribed, traffic will be dropped, though
with appropriate QoS settings only low priority data will be affected - all high priority data will
continue to get through.
Multichannel feature can be applied in principle to any kind of traffic: Ethernet, TDM, ATM and SDH.
Multiline feature is supported by EAS 8 Gbit/card, with MPT-HC connected to optical ports.
LAG groups can be IntraEAS (all MPTs on same EAS card) or CrossEAS (MPT on EAS on the same Row);
here below some example of supported configuration. Maximum number of MPTs in a LAG group is
4.

Core NE A Core NE B

EAS EAS1 EAS2

rLAG1 rLAG1 rLAG2

4 RF 4 RF
Channel Channel
s s

Core NE A Core NE B

EAS1 EAS2 EAS1 EAS2

rLAG1 Stacking rLAG1 rLAG1 Stacking rLAG1

rLAG2 rLAG2

4 RF 4 RF
Channel Channel
s s

Electrical and Optical EAS ports not belonging to a LAG can be used as User Ports or Radio Interfaces
(SFP ports only) both in 1+0.
Aggregated Radio Links should have same modem profiles.

21
Adaptive Modulation, ring protection will be progressively introduced in conjunction with
multichannel as well as support of LSY radio channel via the Ethernet plug-in.

22
 4.4 2E1 SFP

In order to target applications where a few number of E1s are needed, a miniature E1 over GE
converter is available. 2E1 SFP is SFP device that provides two G. 703 E1 interfaces, supporting the
same functionalities of 32E1 PDH card. In addition, this device is able to generate a “dummy framed”
E1 in order to provide synchronization to an external equipment (like a BTS).
This device can be used instead of 32E1 PDH card when the requested E1 connectivity is limited,
saving in this way one slot in MSS4/MSS8 that can be used by other cards.

2E1 SFP

2xE1 SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card, providing two G. 703 E1 interfaces
(up to 4xE1 in case Core Card hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected:
the secondary SFP is hosted by the stand-by Core, and a Y cable is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

23
 4.5 ASAP Board

16E1 ASAP (Any Service Any Port) board is one of the peripherals units of 9500MPR. It enables the
management of ATM services on 9500MPR, collecting native IMA traffic, terminating the IMA groups
and encapsulating/extracting the ATM cells into/from ATM PW packets towards the core board.

Like the PDH Access Card, the ASAP Card has the aim to manage the specificities of the related
external interface, to implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the
boundary internal interface providing the consistency to the established SLA rules.

ASAP card performs the following functions:

• Termination of ATM/IMA groups.

• Encapsulation/Extraction of those ATM flows into/from ATM PW packets according to RFC
4717 (N:1 mode, with N=1)

ASAP Board

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

• 16xE1
• Four Led indicators

ASAP card is sharing same cords and same connectors of PDH access board for local access.
The Card Version is 16-Port Adapter.

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 4.6 SDH Access Card

9500MPR SDH Access card is the board that enables 9500 MPR to be connected to a SDH network.

The same board can be used in two different working modes, addressing two different network
scenarios:

• STM-1 mux/demux

• STM-1 transparent transport over the radio

SDH Access Board

25
 4.6.1 STM-1 mux/demux application

The STM-1 mux/demux behaves as a terminal multiplexer; it terminates or originates the

SDH frame. It multiplexes up to 63xE1 into a STM-1 electrical/ optical line connection.
Standard VC4 mapping of lower-order E1 traffic streams to/from STM-1 is applied, that
means that a VC4 directly maps up to 63xVC12 into an STM-1 signal (in turn each VC12
contains 1xE1)

Typical application is a direct connection to SDH add-drop multiplexers (ADMs)

4.6.2 STM-1 transparent transport application

In this application the board has the aim to manage the specificities of the related external
interface and to implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the
boundary internal interface. Up to 2xSTM-1/OC-3 are transparently transported through a
single radio link.

The card supports 1xSTM-1 in channelized mode or up to 2xSTM-1 interfaces in transparent

transport mode (2 optical interfaces or 1 electrical interface)

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

• 2x SFP (optical LC connector or electrical 1.0x2.3 connector)
• One Led indicator for status

In case of EPS line protection two boards are plugged inside the sub rack. Optional splitter Y-cables
are provided for both Tx and Rx SDH signals.

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 4.7 EoSDH SFP

Ethernet over SDH (EoSDH) SFP is miniature Gigabit Ethernet over STM-1/OC3 converter that bridges
between GE networks and SDH networks providing simple and efficient Gigabit Ethernet connectivity
over SDH.
The device offers a migration path for connecting future-ready IP devices to existing SDH/SONET
networks

EoSDH SFP

EoS SFP supports the following basic features:

Delivers Gigabit Ethernet traffic over a single STM-1/OC-3 link

Supports standard GFP encapsulation according to G.7041/Y.1303: Gigabit Ethernet
frames are mapped into VC-4 or STSc-3

Physical interface is 1xSTM-1 optical in a SFP cage with LC connector.

EoSDH SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card (up to 2xSTM-1 in case Core
Card hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected: the secondary SFP
is hosted by the stand-by Core, and an optical splitter is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

27
 4.8 E3 SFP

E3 SFP is a TDM Pseudo wire access gateway extending TDM-based services over packet-switched
networks.

E3 SFP

The device converts the data stream from its user E3 interface into packets for transmission
over 9500 MPR network; the addressing scheme is MEF8. These packets are transmitted via
the SFP port of the Core Board; a remote E3 SFP converts the packets back to TDM traffic.

Physical interface is 1xE3 electrical in a SFP cage with 1.0x2.3 connector.

E3 SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card (up to 2xE3 in case Core Card
hosts 2 SFP.
EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected: the secondary SFP is hosted by the stand-
by Core, and a Y cable is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

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 4.1 MPT Access Card

The MPT Access Card is dedicated to connect the MPT to MSS,.

Up to two MPT can be connected to the MPT Access Card

Main physical characteristics:

• 2 x 10/100/1000 Base – T Port for electrical data to/from MPT. These ports can also
power the MPT through the same CAT5 cable.

• 2 x SFP Optical GETH for optical data connectivity to/from MPT

• Double 50Ω QMA Connectors as an option for MPT Power feeding in case of optical
connectivity

MPT Access Card

Main Functions:
o Provide traffic interface between Core switch and MPT
o Provide the power supply interface to the MPT
o Lightning and surge protection for both electrical GETH and power interfaces that are
connected to MPT
o MPT 1+1 protection management
o Clock distribution function

o Radio Link Quality notification through MPR Protection Protocol frames

o Communication with Core controller for provisioning and status report.

29
 4.2 Power injector plug-in

This card can be used for several applications:

• When MPT is connected to CORE, power injector is needed to provide power to the MPT
at optimized price
• When MPT is used in stand alone (MPR-e) and connected to 7705SAR, Power injector
plug-in can be used inside 7705 chassis to power MPT

A box version is also available for all other applications of MPR-e.

Main physical characteristics:

• 2 DC connectors in the front (box), or power from the backpanel.

• 2 RJ45 for the data in
• 2 RJ 45 for the data + DC out
• 2 LEDs indicating the presence of DC voltage on each Ethernet output

Power injector plug-in

30
 4.3 AUX board

Service channels accesses and housekeeping alarm are supported by auxiliary peripheral.

Auxiliary cards support two main functions:

• Auxiliary data channels management (2 x 64 Kbit/s service channels)
• External I/O management

AUX Board

Auxiliary board front panel is equipped with four connectors:

• EOW connector
• Service channel interface #1 (RS422 V11 DCE 64 kbit/s)
• Service channel interface #2 (RS422 V11 DCE 64 kbit/s)
• Housekeeping interface (6 inputs + 7 outputs. The polarity of each alarm is user configurable
and a user defined label could be added per each alarm)

Only one auxiliary card per NE can be equipped, and in a fixed position: it can be lodged in slot 8
(bottom right) of MSS-8 or in slot 4 (bottom right) of MSS-4.

Typical applications for AUX board are :

• transport over MPR of the ingress service channels that could be delivered for example by
9400 LUX 40/50, LUX12, 9400AWY 2.0/2.1, 9500 MXC

• transport over MPR of the ingress service channels that could be delivered by end user. Note
in case of 64 Kbit/sec the end user must be always configured as DTE.

31
 • transport over MPR of the TMN signal coming from:

o LUX 12, V11 9.6 Kbit/s RQ2 protocol

o LUX 40/50, V11 9.6 Kbit/s SNMP protocol

Please note that in the last case MPR is taking care of pure transport; no termination of TMN channel
is done inside MPR using aux card, while recommended TMN chain is done using Ethernet TMN
interface for 9400AWY and 9500 MXC.

32
 4.4 Fan Board

A FAN card is required into the MSS-4/8 shelf. MSS-4 can be optionally equipped without fan card,
supporting temperature up to +45°C. The FAN holds three long-life axial fans, which are controlled
and performance-monitored by the controller.

Fan Board

To have high reliability 3 fans are used with separate alarms in order to understand the urgency (two
or three fans failed) or the not urgency condition (one fan failed).
The Unit is inserted from front side to avoid payload interruptions in case of fan maintenance. The
FAN is hot swappable and in-service replacement doesn't affect traffic.

An optional Fan unit, called Fan Alarm Card, is available on MSS-8, hosting a housekeeping connector
for Equipment Alarms (Summary, Major and Minor) and 8 high reliability fans. The board is
mandatory when 24V DC converter is equipped.

33
 4.5 +24V integrated DC/DC converter

An optional +24V DC/DC converter is available for MSS-8 shelf

One or two converters are able to slide on the MSS chassis, side by side, in a single card slot.
Unprotected converter kit will be used in configurations where single, non –redundant “A” battery
feed is used. Protected converter kit will be used when dual, redundant, “A” and “B” battery feeds
are used. In either configurations, the +24VDC to -48VDC converter kits use a single vacant slot of the
MSS chassis.

There is no interconnection between the converter(s) and the MSS backplane. Both the +24 VDC
input and -48 VDC output are available via 2 position connectors on the front of the unit.

The converter(s) will receive its input(s) from +24 VDC primary power feed(s) and the -48 VDC
output(s) will be connected to the MSS -48 VDC inputs located on the right side of the MSS chassis
via a short external power cable, providing -48 VDC to the MSS, in the same way the shelf is powered
when -48 VDC primary is used as oppose to +24 VDC.

+24V DC/DC converter can power any module in the shelf (and of course related ODU connected to
the module) up to a total power consumption of 348 watts.

When + 24V DC/DC converter is used, the Fan Alarm board must be equipped in the rack.

34
 5 IDU Datasheet

MSS-8 Indoor Chassis 2RU

Number of Slots 9
Slots Dedicated to FAN unit 1
Slots dedicated for Core Boards 2
Slots dedicated for Access/Modem Boards 6
-40.5 to -57,6 VDC
Electrical DC Supply input range
+18 to+36 VDC
DC connector 2-pin DSUB power type
Weight (nominal) < 3.8 kg
Dimensions (including mounting brackets) 88mm (2RU) x 482mm x 250mm

MSS-4 Indoor Chassis 1RU

Number of Slots 5
Slots Dedicated to FAN unit (optional) 1
Slots dedicated for Core Boards 2
Slots dedicated for Access/Modem Boards 2
Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC
DC connector 2-pin DSUB power type
Weight (nominal) < 2.8 kg
Dimensions (including mounting brackets) 44mm (1RU) x 482mm x 250mm

MSS-1c Indoor unit 1RU

Monoboard
Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC
DC connector 2-pin DC connector
Weight (nominal) < 1 kg
Dimensions (including mounting brackets) 44mm (1RU) x 235mm x 176mm
LAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT
Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45
Type 2xGE Optical 1000Base-LX/SX SFP or
Electrical 1000-BaseT
Connector SFP module
User traffic TDM interface Connectors 37-pin SUBD
Impedance 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,
configurable
Interface towards MPT Data 2x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical
Power GE electrical i/f with MPT MC, 2xQMA
with MPT HC
Power consumption <17 W

CORE BOARD
LAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT
Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45
Type 2xGE Optical/Electrical

35
 Connector SFP module
Configuration memory, removable On-Board removable Compact Flash card
Power consumption <20 W
LED Indicators 5
Dimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)
Fuse 5A
Weigth <0.5 Kg

Fan Card 2U
Fans 3
Power consumption <8 W
Weight (nominal) < 0.22 Kg
Dimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 26.5mm x 82.5mm x 220mm

Fan Alarm Card 2U

Fans 8
Power consumption <TBD
Weight (nominal) < TBD Kg
Dimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 26.5mm x 82.5mm x 220mm

Fan Card 1U
Fans 3
Power consumption <3 W
Weight (nominal) < 0.1 kg
Dimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 28.5mm x 41 mm x 220mm

MPT Access Card

interface towards MPT Data 2x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical
Power GE electrical i/f with MPT MC, 2xQMA with
MPT HC
LED Indicators 1 Card Status led, 2 x Tri-state for MPT
connectivity
Dimensions (including front panel and rear 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)
connector)
Weight < 0.5 kg (1,1 lb)
Power consumption <11 W
Fuse 3A

MPT modem characteristics MPT HC MPT MC

Capacity support from 3.5 to 56 MHz
QPSK, , 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM
Modulation support
Adaptive modulation supported YES YES
XPIC supported YES NO,

36
 Access Cards

PDH Access Board

LED Indicators 1 Status led
Power consumption (nominal) <16 W
Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)
Weight (nominal) < 0.34 kg (0.74 lb)
Interface, configurable Electrical 1 to 32x 2.048 Mbps (E1)

Electrical interface Standards E1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703,

parameters Compliance G.823

Line code E1 HDB3

Connectors TDM32 2x SCSI

Impedance E1 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,

configurable

2E1 SFP
Power consumption (nominal) <1,1 W
Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 17.0mm x 13.7mm x 77.0mm
(H,W,D)
Weight (nominal) 15g (0.5 oz)
Interface, Electrical 1xE1, 2xE1
configurable

Electrical interface Standards E1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703,

parameters Compliance G.823
Line code E1 HDB3
Connectors E1 RJ45
Impedance E1 120 ohm balanced
75 ohm unbalanced

E3 SFP
Power consumption (nominal) <1,1 W
Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 12.4mm x 14mm x 79mm (H,W,D)
Weight (nominal) 30g (1 oz)
Interface Electrical E3

Electrical interface Standards E3 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703,

parameters Compliance G.823
Line code E3 HDB3
Connectors E3 1.0x2.3
Impedance E3 75 ohm unbalanced

SDH Access Card

LED Indicators 1 Status led
Power consumption (nominal) <17 W
Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm

37
 (H,L,W)
Weight (nominal) < 0.34 kg (0.74 lb)
Interface, 1xSTM-1, 2xSTM-1
configurable
Interface Standards SDH Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.707,
parameters Compliance G.957
Connector 2xSFP
Type STM-1 electrical, 1.0x2.3
STM-1 optical, LC single mode

EoSDH SFP
Power consumption (nominal) <1.3 W
Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 12.2mm x 13.7mm x 76.2mm
(H,W,D)
Weight (nominal) 15g (0.5 oz)
Interface Optical 1xSTM-1

Electrical interface Standards STM-1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.7041,

parameters Compliance G.957
Connectors 1xSFP
Type STM-1 optical, LC single mode

ASAP
LED Indicators 4 Status led
Power consumption (nominal) <16 W
Dimensions (including front panel and 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)
rear connector)
Weight (nominal) < 0.9 kg (2 lb)
Interface, configurable Electrical 1 to 16x 2.048 Mbps (E1)

Electrical interface Standards E1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.704

parameters Compliance

Line code E1 HDB3

Connectors ASAP16 1x SCSI

Impedance E1 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,

configurable

Auxiliary card
LED Indicators 2 Status led
Power consumption (nominal) <8 W
Dimensions (including front panel and 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)
rear connector)
Weight (nominal) < 0.5 kg
Auxiliary data Aux Data 2

38
 Channels
Interface RS422
Line rate 64 Kbit/s, synchronous
Connector type 15 pin D-SUB
Alarm I/O External Alarm 6
Inputs
External Alarm 7
Outputs
Connector type 15 pin D-SUB

39
 6 Modem Performances (MPT)
6.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor1

Please refer to “9500MPR ETSI Technical summary” spreadsheet

6.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM)

Profile DFM
4QAM - 28 MHz 70
8PSK - 28 MHz 69,3
16QAM - 56 MHz 56,6
16QAM - 28 MHz 64,6
16QAM - 14 MHz 70,7
32QAM - 56 MHz 49,3
32QAM - 28 MHz 56,1
32QAM - 14 MHz 67
32QAM - 7 MHz 73,5
64QAM - 56 MHz 46,7
64QAM - 28 MHz 55,1
64QAM - 14 MHz 65,1
64QAM - 7 MHz 72,6
128QAM - 56 MHz 43,3
128QAM - 28 MHz 53,1
128QAM - 14 MHz 69,7
128QAM - 7 MHz 70,4
256QAM - 56 MHz 40,7
256QAM - 28 MHz 49,4
256QAM - 14 MHz 58,7
256QAM - 7 MHz 69,6

40
 6.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

SNR @ 10-6 BER (dB) 3,5 MHz 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz 40 MHz 56 MHz

QPSK 9,5 dB 8,0 dB 8,0 dB 8,0 dB

CLass2
8PSK 13,0 dB 12,5 dB 12,0 dB 12,0 dB
16QAM 14,5 dB 14,0 dB 13,6 dB 13,6 dB 13,6 dB
CLass4
32QAM 18,8 dB 18,1 dB 17,4 dB 17,4 dB 17,4 dB
64QAM 21,6 dB 20,8 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB
CLass5
128QAM 25,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB

CLass6 256QAM 27,6 dB 26,7 dB 26,5 dB 26,5 dB 26,5 dB

6.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation

Modulation 1 dB degradation @BER=10e-6 3 dB degradation @BER=10e-6

QPSK 13 dB 8 dB
8PSK 18 dB 13 dB
16QAM 20 dB 15 dB
32QAM 24 dB 19 dB
64QAM 27 dB 22 dB
128QAM 29 dB 24 dB
256QAM 32.5 dB 27.5 dB

41
 7 MEF-8 and ATM

7.1 MEF-8
As described in MetroEthernet Forum, MEF-8 is a standard for “implementing interoperable CES
equipment that reliably transport TDM circuits across Metro Ethernet Networks while meeting the
required performance of circuit emulated TDM services as defined in ITU-T and ANSI TDM
standards”. The Circuit Emulation Service (CES) emulates a circuit network, by packetizing,
encapsulating and tunneling the TDM traffic over Ethernet.

MEF-8 Service Definitions

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR implements a proprietary technique that reduces to a few percentages the
overhead improving the use on bandwidth on air when MEF-8 emulated circuits are transported. The
improvement depends on the MEF-8 payload size and frame format and in case of TDM2TDM results
in having quite the same efficiency than a traditional TDM radio.

7.1.1 BER performances

When MEF-8 Ethernet frames are transmitted through a noisy medium (e.g. the Radio Physical
Layer), bit errors may occur. If an Ethernet frame is affected by one error, this is detected and the
entire frame is dropped. This affects the TDM with a worse BER that if compared with a traditional
TDM over TDM transmission process, it is higher, multiplied by a factor that is the frame length.

In order to avoid such BER degradation a technique is implemented such as for any reasonable BER
on the Radio Channel, the TDM transported by MEF-8 CESoETH is affected by the same BER without
any multiplication effect.

42
 7.1.2 Packet Delay Variation control
A technique is implemented in order to control Packet Delay Variation (PDV) affecting MEF-8
Ethernet frames. With this technique the waiting time that affects MEF-8 Ethernet frames are not
depending on the length of the Ethernet frame.

This gives benefit in term of packet delay variation minimization, so that any kind of services (VoIP,
TDM, ATM, Ethernet) is experiencing a small cost value of PDV, independently and regardless of the
traffic load.

7.2 ATM
9500 MPR terminates the native ATM stream collected through ASAP card and to aggregate this
traffic into a unique Ethernet flow towards the air.

In the 9500 MPR node facing the Core Network, the original ATM stream can be either re-built on
ASAP card or sent as ATM PW packets through Ethernet interface.

ASAP card supports Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) v.1.1. It is possible to configure up to 8 IMA
groups on the same card; a single IMA group can support 1 to 16 E1 links.

The ASAP card extracts the ATM cells from each IMA group and discards the empty cells, optimizing
the bandwidth; it performs policing on ATM traffic and encapsulates the ATM cells into Ethernet
packets, according to RFC 4717.

At radio level, 9500 MPR manages the QoS of the original ATM stream according to the ATM services
category. Each ATM flow is assigned to a different radio queue according to its priority.

Same proprietary technique used in MEF-8 transport to improve the use on bandwidth on air, the
BER and PDV are also used to improve the ATM transport.

Two main applications are foreseen for ATM services:

• ATM to ATM (ATM hand-off) 9500MPR terminates the native ATM stream collected though
ASAP board and aggregates this traffic into a unique Ethernet flow at Radio Side. In the last
9500MPR node facing Core Network, the original ATM flows are re-built on ASAP board. ATM
aggregation is performed by collecting the traffic of multiple NodeB onto a single IMA group
with a reduced number of E1 output links. In this scenario, optimization is achieved at radio
level and in terms of number of E1 interfaces towards core network.

43
• ATM PW IMA groups are terminated by MPR network on NodeB side and ATM traffic,
encapsulated into Ethernet frames, is transported into the Core Network towards RNC. At
RNC site, MPLS gateways shall de-capsulate the ATM cells from the Ethernet frames and
rebuild the original ATM streams.

7.2.1 Physical layer Management

Compliant to ATM E1 Physical Layer Specification AF-PHY-0064.000

16 E1s supported (with usual HDB3 line coding)

Physical impedance configurable (twisted pair 120 Ohm balanced or coax. 75 Ohm
unbalanced)

Each E1 port could be configured to be:

node timing (i.e. clock is derived from the common network element clock)

loop timing (i.e the clock is derived from the incoming E1)

7.2.2 IMA layer management

Compliant to Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) Specification – Version 1.1 AF-PHY-0086.

IMA version 1.1

IMA frame length:128

IMA clock mode: CTC

Support up to 8 IMA groups on the same card

Minimum number of transmit links (E1s) inside one IMA group to consider active the group is
user configurable. Default value is 1.

Maximum number of transmit links (E1s) inside one IMA group is 16

Maximum differential delay among links is user configurable, up to 75 ms. Default value is 25
ms.

IMA group ID is user configurable (range from 0 t0 255)

7.2.3 ATM layer management

Compliant to ATM traffic management version 4.1 AF-TM-0121.000 and to Addendum to
ATM TM v 4.1 for UBR MDCR AF-TM-0150.000

Up to 48 VPs/VCs for each ATM interface (IMA group) could be defined

For each VP/VC defined inside an ATM interface, an ATM Traffic descriptor for the ingress
(ATM to Packet direction) and egress (Packet to ATM direction) directions could be defined,
as foreseen by relevant standards.

Parameters for ATM Traffic descriptor that are configurable:

44

Service category: CBR (Constant Bit Rate), UBR+, UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate)

PCR value: Peak Cell Rate [cell/sec] specified for all service categories

MDCR value: Minimum Desired Cell Rate [cell/sec] specified for UBR+. MDCR=0 for UBR

In order to further optimize the radio bandwidth, the following traffic management is
supported:

CBR: traffic is transported at the PCR (peak cell rate)

UBR+ : traffic is transported at the MDCR (Minimum Desired Cell Rate), the traffic exceeding
the MDCR (but below PCR) is transported if radio bandwidth is available

UBR: traffic is transported as best effort

Two different working modes are possible:

VCC mode (Virtual Circuit Connection): the transport of ATM traffic into Ethernet frames is
done encapsulating into the same Ethernet flow only ATM cells belonging to the same VC. ·

VPC mode (Virtual Path Connection): the transport of ATM traffic into Ethernet frames is
done encapsulating into the same Ethernet flow all ATM cells belonging to the same VP,
whatever the VC

Interface types supported are both UNI/NNI, to be chosen at NE level.

7.2.4 PW layer

ATM PW service support N:1 Cell Mode encapsulation with N=1.

Key parameters PWs flows are related to cell concatenation:
o Maximum number of concatenated ATM cells; this value answers to “how many ATM
cells in one Ethernet frame?”. Usual value are low for CBR traffic (L=2) and higher for
UBR (L=10)
o Timeout value; this value answers to “how long it is needed to wait for next ATM
cell?”. Usual value are low for real time traffic (1 ms) and higher for non real time
traffic (5 ms)

For each ATM PW flow, it is possible to change VPI/VCI value of the transported cells to a
different value (VPI/VCI Translation)

Ingress VPI/VCI translation (ATM-> Ethernet direction): VPI/VCI value of ATM cells
encapsulated into PW Ethernet frames is changed to a user configurable value

Egress VPI/VCI translation (Ethernet -> ATM direction) : Whatever is the VPI/VCI value within
ATM cells transported by ATM PW frame, VPI/VCI value is changed (into the ATM Cells sent
towards ATM interface) according to the configured value of related VP (in case of VPC
mode) or VC (VCC mode) of ATM interface

Capacity: it is possible to support:

45
o Up to 48 ATM PWs for each ATM interface (IMA group) that can be supported on the
same ASAP card
o Up to 128 ATM PWs on the same ASAP card

46
 8 Adaptive Modulation

To be able to fulfill the required quality of service (QoS) parameter of the specific applications,
together with the goal of efficient usage of the available frequency spectrum under temporal
variable channel conditions, the signal transmission parameter should be adapted to the near-
instantaneous channel conditions.

The receiver measures/estimates the communication channel conditions and sends a report to the
transmitter station. The signal transmission parameters are determined for the next transmission
according to channel quality estimation. The transmitter and the receiver must regularly synchronize
the applied communication mode.

An appropriate prediction method is needed for channel parameter estimation, because channel
quality estimation error limits the performance of the adaptive system. The most reliable approach is
based on the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio (SINR), measured obtained using the Mean
Square Error (MSE).

The radio with ACM is "error-less", in other words is able to guarantee the same performances
either in case of Constant Bit Rate (CBR) payload or in case of "First Priority" payload. The error-less
concept means that a certain portion of the traffic, i.e. SDH, PDH or other-like CBR or NCBR defined
by the customer/operator as "first priority", shall be treated as the traditional traffic in SDH or PDH
system, guarantying a certain level of availability.

The remaining portion of traffic is carried with less availability, according to the link propagation
performances, guarantying the "best effort" or other objectives.

9500 MPR allows to fully exploit the air bandwidth in its entirety by changing modulation scheme
according to the propagation availability, associating to the different services quality the available
transport capacity.

47
 8.1 Performances of Adaptive Modulation:
• for Flat Fading, 9500 MPR supports notch speed up to 100 dB/sec without errors on priority
traffic.

• in case of Selective Fading 9500 MPR is able to provide a 40 dB notch event, thus supporting
100 MHz/sec speed without errors.

48
 9 Synchronization

The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR product family supports a full range of local and end-to-end network-
synchronization solutions for a wide variety of applications.

At the ingress of the microwave backhauling the network clock can be locked to anyone of the
following sources:

• Synch-Eth

• Any plesiochronous E1/T1 data link chosen from any input interface

• Dedicated Sync-In port available on MPR core module for a waveform frequency signal at 2,
5, or 10 MHz

• Built-in free run oscillator.

• STM1 clock chosen from SDH input interface

At the egress of the backhauling network synchronization is made available through anyone of the
following:

• Synch-Ethernet according to G.8261/8262

• Any plesiochronous E1/T1 data link chosen from any output interface

• Dedicated Sync-In port available on MPR core module for a waveform frequency signal at 2,
5, or 10 MHz.

• STM1 clock chosen from SDH output interface

It is important to notice that ingress and egress methods can be freely mixed, depending on the
specific needs of the operator. So, as an example, the network clock can be locked to an ingress E1
and delivered through a Synch-Eth or BITS interface at the egress of the microwave backhauling.

On the radio channel, a 9500 MPR transfers the reference clock to an adjacent MPR device through
the radio carrier frequency at physical layer. This method offers two main advantages:

• No bandwidth is consumed for the synchronization distribution

• Total immunity to the network load.

End-to-end scenarios where time-of-day/phase alignment are requested are fully supported, as 1588
PTP v2 is delivered transparently by MPR across the microwave backhauling network.

49
 1588 transparent transport

Cell
site

Cell
site Aggregation
PRC
network
RNC
Cell
site
Synchronization distribution path
Point of availability of the synchronization

Possible synchronization
Possible synchronization sources:
options: • E1/T1 available for data
• E1/T1 traffic
• 2.048, 5 or 10 MHz • 2.048 MHz, 5 or 10 MHz
output input
MPR deployment in mobile backhauling

Both for Hybrid and Packet working modes, the Clock can be received at hand-off or delivered at the
cell site. Synch-Eth, E1, PDH, SDH and BITS clock modes are available.

9500 MPR has an embedded reference clock which is distributed to each board of the network
element. Such clock is generated in the Clock Reference Unit (CRU) of the core card (controller).

STM-1/OC-3
STM-1/OC-3
SDH/Sonet SDH/Sonet
card card
Distributed
E1/T1
reference E1/T1
clock
PDH card PDH card

ATM/IMA ATM/IMA
E1/T1 E1/T1
ASAP card Clock ASAP card
selector CRU

Symbol rate Symbol rate

Radio card G813 Radio card

quality
Synch- Eth Synch- Eth
Synch-Out Synch-Out
Core card Core card

Stratum 3
oscillator

Clock source selection and distribution

50
The availability of the Clock in the Network represents the most common scenario, characterized by
a time source available at the ingress of the microwave backhauling network, derived from the
primary reference clock.

Aggregation
PRC
network

Service
clock DCR

Network
clock –
phase 1588

Network Sync-Eth L1 synch L1 synch Sync-Eth

clock – Sync-Eth
T1/E1 T1/E1
frequency SDH
BITS BITS

Cell Microwave Microwave Microwave Aggregation Service node

site tail hub hand-off network with master clock

Network Clock Available

Synchronization (frequency) is delivered to the cell site using any of the options available on MPR,
depending on the operator’s need. Worth repeating ingress and egress methods can be mixed (i.e.
Synch-Eth at the ingress, E1/T1 at the egress) via a simple configuration.

51
 10 Ethernet Features

10.1 MAC Switching – embedded Level 2 Ethernet

The switch is capable to evaluate the destination address of each frame received and to transmit the
individual frames to the correct egress port according to information contained in a database
"address resolution table" and associated to destination address. If the switch does not know on
which port to forward the frame (destination address is not present in "address resolution table"), it
sends the packet on all ports (flooding). The switch performs half transparent bridge functionality
that is to filter the frames which destination is on the segment (port) where it was received.

10.2 Level-2 Addressing

The address management function is performed in the switch through the address table (Level-2
Table) that can manage up to 16384 entries in MSS-4/8, 8192 entries in MSS-1c. This means that the
maximum number of MAC addresses supported is 16384 for MSS-4/8 and 8192 with MSS-1c.

New entries are automatically learned when packet is received on port.

These entries can be created or updated by the Equipment.

The aging process periodically removes dynamically learned addresses from the "address resolution
table".

Learning is based on Source MAC Address and VLAN ID.

It is possible to combine this function with the static configuration of the registration entries. For any
valid incoming packet, the Source MAC Address is associated to the VLAN ID (directly from the packet
or through VLAN Tables) and used to search the proper tables.

If a match is not found, the new address is learned and associated with the ingress port of the
packet. If a match is found, no further action is taken for learning.

The Destination MAC Address along with the VLAN ID is used as a search key for the packet’s output
port.

If a match is found then the packet is switched out on the matched port, otherwise, if the match is
not found, then a Destination Lookup Failure (DLF) occurs and the packet is switched out on all ports
that are members of the VLAN, except that one which has received the packet in ingress.

52
 10.3 Flooding
If the switch does not know on which port to forward the frame (destination address is not present in
"address resolution table"), it sends the packet on all ports (flooding). By default the flooding is
enabled on all ports and doesn’t require any CT/NMS setting. Nevertheless using the cross
connections capability is possible to restrict the flooding only on some ports.

10.4 Half bridge functionality

The switch performs half transparent bridge functionality (address learning to filter the frames which
destination is on the segment where it was generated).

10.5 Summary of Ethernet Features Supported

10.5.1 IEEE 802.3x Flow control
In case of incoming Ethernet traffic leading to exhaustion of buffers on input queues, PAUSE frames
are transmitted from the switch to remote peer in order to slow down the traffic (if the peer
supports flow control).

In the other direction, when the switch receives a pause frame on a specific port from peer
equipment, the switch stops the packet transmission on that port until receives again a pause frame
with resume transmission command.

Flow control to be fully effective (no packets lost inside the network) requires that all devices in the
end-to-end path support flow control.

The flow control function is supported only when the capability is full duplex.

The flow control setting on the switch ports linked to user Ethernet ports must be consistent with the
setting on the user ports.

Flow control is supported on MSS-1c, on 1 port, in full duplex asymmetric Tx mode, meaning that the
switch will be able to transmit PAUSE frames, but will ignore received PAUSE frames.

Flow control is not supported on MPR-e.

10.5.2 Asymmetric Flow control

This features on switch port based, allows of enable the pause frame only in transmission or receiver
side.

In the first case the switch can generate pause frame toward peer but is not able to stop
transmission traffic when receives a pause from peer.

53
In the second case, asymmetric receive flow control enabled, the switch when receives a pause
frame stops the transmission but is not able to transmit pause frame toward the peer.

The asymmetric flow control setting on the switch ports linked to user Ethernet ports must be
consistent with the setting on the user ports.

10.5.3 802.1Q VLAN management

The port-based VLAN feature allows of partition the switch ports into virtual private domains.

According to the type of site configuration and cross-connections setting this feature is properly
managed by the software. For example, if all traffic from one Ethernet port must be forwarded only
in one radio direction is good to enable the traffic exchange only between these ports.

The IEEE 802.1Q tag VLAN feature can be enabled including between the other the stripping or
adding of the TAG and VLAN lookups in addition to MAC lookups (this feature between the other can
be useful for re-route TMN traffic to the controller).

The IEEE 802.1Q tag VLAN feature can be enabled or disabled (be transparent for the VLAN) including
between the other the stripping or adding of the TAG and VLAN lookups in addition to MAC lookups
(this feature can be useful to logically break a physical LAN into a few smaller logical LAN and to
prevent data to flow between the sub-LAN), dropping NON-VLAN Frames.

10.5.4 Link Aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad)

Link Aggregation allows one or more physical links to be aggregated together to form a Link
Aggregation Group, such that a MAC Client (CES, VLAN Management, etc.) can treat the Link
Aggregation Group as if it is a single link.

Link Aggregation provides the following:

• Increased bandwidth: The capacity of multiple links is combined into one logical link

• Link protection: The failure or replacement of a single link within a Link Aggregation Group
does not cause failure from the perspective of a MAC Client.

• Load sharing: MAC Client traffic may be distributed across multiple links.

• Automatic configuration: Link Aggregation Groups are automatically configured and

individual links are automatically allocated to those groups relying on the Link Aggregation
Protocol.

54
 • Static configuration: Link Aggregation Groups are statically configured by the operator.

Link aggregation is not currently supported on MSS-1c.

10.6 Ethernet OAM (IEEE 802.3ag)

Ethernet OAM is a set of procedures for maintenance and troubleshooting of point-to-point and
multi-point Ethernet Virtual Connections that span one or more links. It is end-to-end within an
Ethernet network. The following figure shows a network comprising of multiple domains within the
metro network.

Customer domain

Provider domain

Operator 1
Operator 2
domain
domain

The customer subscribes to the services of a provider, who in turn subscribes to the services of two
operators. Every domain has its own NMS. There are two planes. “Vertical” plane in red shows the
OAM entities across different domains. “Horizontal” plane in blue has various OAM entities (MEPs
and MIPs) within a domain. The following figures show the cross-section across the vertical OAM
plane and the horizontal OAM plane respectively. The vertical plane figure shows a single monitored
path for each administrative domain; the horizontal plane figure shows two monitored paths for the
same administrative domain.

55
 Customer Operator A Operator B Customer
Equipment Bridges Bridges Equipment

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Customer Level Levels

MEP -
MIP
ETH Provider Level
Operator Level +
ETH Section or
SRV
Server Layer

Maintenance End Point

Maintenance Intermediate Point
Vertical plane cross-section

MIP10
MEP3

MIP9

MEP1 MIP1 MIP2 MIP3 MIP4 MIP5 MIP6 MIP7 MIP8

MEP4

MIP11
Bridge
MEP2
MIP12 Port
MIP
MEP
Horizontal plane cross-section

56
Ethernet OAM provides the following tools:

Ethernet OAM will be supported on MSS-1c in future release.

57
 10.7 Ethernet Ring Protection (ITU-T G.8032v2)
ERP allows a simple, Carrier Grade and reliable packet protection in ring topologies. It is applicable to
Full Microwave Rings only.

ITU-T G.8032v2 ERP filled the gap in Carrier grade Ring protection schema. (x)STP in fact has been
developed for LAN environments and it is not employed anymore in new network deployments for
its lack of determinism (depending on the position of root bridge) and scalability (BPDU needs to be
processed in each node, MSTP is complex to operate, Per-VLAN STP is not standardized and scalable)
in Carrier networks.

With reference to the following network scenario:

the following specifications apply:

• The ring is implemented by east and west facing radio directions
• Traffic can follow on both ring directions: Clockwise direction & Counter-clockwise direction
• Protection is triggered by physical criteria (no protocol intervention)
• Protection is based on R-APS messages sent on both sides of the ring by the nodes detecting
the failure. Traffic is redirected by each node of the ring locally, ensuring parallel processing
to speed up protection time.
• G.8032v2 algorithm operates on VLAN, regardless the type of traffic transported: TDM
(TDM2TDM and TDM2ETH) and Eth (Multiple CoS and services) traffic types can be protected

58
 • Traffic flows (any type/priority) can be allocated on both ring directions to exploit the
maximum ring bandwidth in normal conditions for best effort traffic and to limit packet delay
when traffic enters from different points of the ring.
• G.8032v2 is supported on both MSS-8 and MSS-4
• Synchronization is managed through SSM messages (Synchronous Ethernet).

In the following picture two instances of G.8032v2 ERP are used in the ring.
On each instance multiple VLAN can be mapped. Instances can be configured to block VLAN on
different nodes/ports of the ring, effectively allowing traffic to flow on different directions according
to the VLAN they are mapped in.

59
 10.8 Other features

• Port Segregation: all traffic received/transmitted from one user Ethernet port or radio
direction cannot be exchanged with specific user Ethernet ports/radio directions

• Per flow policer: ingress rate limiter per VLAN, dropping the traffic exceeding a given CIR
value

• Per Cos police: ingress rate limiter per p bits value (i.e. possibility to define a thresholds
above which the traffic a given pbit value or a given set of pbits values is dropped)

• Broadcast storm control: ingress rate limiter on broadcast traffic

• Multicast storm control: ingress rate limiter on multicast traffic

• MAC address access control list: only packet with SA inside a given list are transmitted
towards the radio

These features are not supported by MPR-e.

10.8.1 Stacked VLAN (Q-in-Q): 802.1ad

The switch supports double tagging according to 802.1ad, in particular:

• adding a service VLAN on the ingress traffic

• pbits value of service VLAN is a)user configurable b)same value of customer VLAN.

The EtherTypes supported are:

• EtherType 0x8100

• EtherType 0x9100

• EtherType 0x88A8

This feature is not supported by MPR-e.

10.8.2 VLAN swap

Every incoming frames on a given user having VLANID xxx is remarked with VLANID yyy without
changing the priority (.1p bits).

60
This feature is not supported by MSS-1c and MPR-e

10.9 Ethernet QoS

The Ethernet switch provides a Quality of Service mechanism to control all streams. If by CT/NMS the
QoS is disabled all traffic inside the switch has the same priority, this means that for each switch port
there is only one queue (FIFO) therefore the first packet that arrives is the first that is transmitted.

10.9.1 Traffic priority

In the switch the QoS assigns the priority for each packet according to information in:

• Port-based: the same priority is assigned to each frame arriving at the given ingress port;

• IEEE std 802.1p: the packet is examined for the presence of a valid 802.1P user-priority Tag. If the
tag is present the correspondent priority is assigned to the packet;

• MAC based: the MAC destination address and VLAN ID are used to determine the priority for
each packet;

• DiffServ: each packet is classified based on DSCP field in the IP header to determine the priority;

By CT/NMS the priority can be chosen between 802.1p or DiffServ for each Network Element.

10.9.2 IEEE 802.1P QoS configuration

When 802.1p QoS mechanism is adopted the reference is the standard "IEEE 802.1D-2004 Annex G.
User priorities and traffic classes” that defines 7 traffic types and the corresponding user priority
values.

By CT/NMS is possible to configure the mapping 802.1p value to queue inside the switch (except for
MSS-1c).

When an incoming packet is not 802.1p it is assigned to the lowest priority queue.

10.9.3 DiffServ QoS configuration

When DiffServ QoS mechanism is adopted the classification uses the DS field of the IP packet header.
By CT/NMS is possible to configure the mapping DS field value to queue inside the switch (except for
MSS-1c). When an incoming packet has not DiffServ valid value it is assigned to the lowest priority
queue. IPv6 TOS classification is supported as well.

61
 10.9.4 Congestion management
In case of traffic congestion is possible to choose between Random Early Detection (RED) or tail drop
algorithm before the congestion becomes excessive.

10.9.5 Quality of Service

Quality of service of CORE card: The Quality of Service feature of the Ethernet switch provides eight
internal queues for each port to support eight different class of service (COS). For each egress port
according to the method of QoS classification configured in the switch, the packets are assigned to
specific queue.

High priority traffic is served starting from Queue 8 to 6, while the remaining five queues are shared
by all generic Ethernet flows according the default and fixed classification mechanism configured by
CT/NMS.

In MSS-1c, classification services is slightly different to stick with specific requirements of the tail.
L2 switch in MSS-1c provides 4 internal queues per port

All TDM flows are assigned to highest egress priority queue (Q4)

Ethernet flows are assigned based on 802.1p or Diffserv information.

Scheduler
Service type MPR QoS
type

TDM HPQ #4

ETHERNET #3

ETHERNET DWRR #2

ETHERNET #1

For MPR-e , the 3 first queues are dedicated to TDM2TDM, TDM2ETH and TMN traffic. TDM2TDM
and TDM2ETH traffic management will be supported in future release.

5 next queues are dedicated to Ethernet traffic.

For MPR-e, the Ethernet queues can be configured in HQP (starting from queue#5) in strict priority
algorithm to guaranty real time transport such as VoIP
 Service Classification Scheduler
MPR QoS
type type

TDM VLAN&MAC #8

TDM2ETH VLAN&MAC HPQ #7

TMN VLAN&MAC #6

ETHERNET 1p/Diffserv #5

ETHERNET 1p/Diffserv #4

HPQ
ETHERNET 1p/Diffserv #3
/DWRR
ETHERNET 1p/Diffserv #2

ETHERNET 1p/Diffserv #1

Two types of scheduler algorithms are possible:

• Deficit Weighted Round Robin (DWRR); the weights determine the number of blocks (not the
number of packets) that each queue can send at each algorithm round.

• Strict Priority (SP) or High Queue Preempt (HQP); guarantee that when the queue with higher
priority is not empty, it is immediately served. The primary purpose of the strict priority
scheduler is to provide lower latency service to the higher CoS classes of traffic.

63
 11 MPT Technical description

The MPT supports capacities from 2xE1 to 160xE1 (6 to 553 Mbps) and modulation rates QPSK, 8PSK,
16QAM, 32QAM, 64 QAM, 128 QAM and 256 QAM without hardware change. All channelization
from 3.5 MHz up to 56 MHz can also be used in the same platform.
MPT is available for all licensed frequency bands from 6 to 38 GHz.
Baseband signal coming from MSS is transported to MPT through optical and electrical connectivity.
In case of electrical connectivity, a single CAT5 cable connects an MPT to the MSS, which carries
transmit and receive baseband signals, telemetry overheads, internal controls and MPT DC power.
In case of optical connectivity, two cables connect an MPT to the MSS: one cable is a 50 ohm coaxial
cable to send the -48 V power supply to the MPT; the second cable is an Ethernet optical cable that
carries transmit and receive baseband signals, telemetry overheads and internal controls.

Due to the capability of MPT to support stand-alone configurations, 1+1 protection requires the
exchange of RPS data through a dedicated cable connecting the coupled MPTs. This cable is
mandatory for 56MHz channel spacing in FD/SD configurations.

For low frequency bands (6U, 6L, 7 and 8 GHz), an MPT with high power version is available (MPT XP,
MPT Extended Power)

MPT-XP

64
 11.1 MPT Capacities
Please refer to “9500MPR ETSI Technical summary” spreadsheet

11.2 MPT RF specifications

Please refer to “9500MPR ETSI Technical summary” spreadsheet.

65
MPT Radio Frequency Specifications

Tx-Rx spacings
Specification Frequency Range (GHz) Max. Tuning Range (MHz)
supported (MHz)
5.8 GHz 5.925 - 6.425 64
L6 GHz 5.925 - 6.425 252.04
U6 GHz 6.425 - 7.11 340
7 GHz 7.125 - 7.9 154, 161, 168, 196, 245
119, 126, 151.164,
8 GHz 7.725 - 8.5 208,211.4, 213.5, 266,
294, 305.56, 310, 311.32
11 GHz 10.7 - 11.7 490, 500, 530
13 GHz 12.75 - 13.25 266
308, 315, 322, 420, 490,
15 GHz 14.4 - 15.35
644, 728
18 GHz 17.7 - 19.7 340, 1008, 1010, 1560
23 GHz 21.2 - 23.632 1008, 1050, 1200, 1232
26 GHz 24.52 - 26.483 1008
38 GHz 37.0 - 39.46 1260
Note: Max. Tuning Range is dependent upon Tx-Rx spacing.

MPT Antenna Interface

Frequency Waveguide Type Flange Type Mating Flange Type

L6/U6 GHz R70 (WR137) PDR70 UDR70
7 GHz R84 (WR112) UBR84 PBR84
8 GHz R84 (WR112) UBR84 PBR84
11 GHz R100 (WR90) UBR100 PBR100
13 GHz R120 (WR75) UBR120 PBR120
15 GHz R140 (WR62) UBR140 PBR140
18 GHz R220 (WR42) UBR220 PBR220
23 GHz R220 (WR42) UBR220 PBR220
26 GHz R220 (WR42) UBR220 PBR220
38 GHz R320 (WR28) UBR320 PBR320

66
MPT Antenna Mount Losses

Balanced coupling Unbalanced Coupling

Frequency Band
Main Coupler Secondary Coupler Main Coupler Secondary Coupler
6-15 GHz 3 dB 3 dB 1 dB 10 dB
18 GHz 3 dB 3 dB 1 dB 10 dB
23 GHz 3 dB 3 dB 1 dB 10 dB
26 GHz 3 dB 3 dB 1 dB 10 dB
38 GHz 3 dB 3 dB 1 dB 10 dB

MPT Antenna Mount Losses by Configuration (6-23 GHz)

Frequency Band
Configuration
6 - 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz
1+0 0 0 0

1+1 HSB 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

1+1 FD CP 3+3 3+3 3+3

1+1 FD AP 0 0 0

1+1 SD HSB 0 0 0
1+1 SD
3+3 3+3 3+3
HSB CP*
1+1 HSB* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)
1+1 SD
0 0 0
HSB AP*
1+1 FD +
0 0 0
SD Hybrid
1+1 FD +
0 0 0
SD Hybrid*
1+1 FD CP* (3x2)+(3x2) (3x2)+(3x2) (3x2)+(3x2)

1+1 FD AP* 3+3 3+3 3+3

[1(10)+3]+ [1(10)+3]+ [1(10)+3]+
1+1 HSB CP*
[1(10)+3] [1(10)+3] [1(10)+3]
1+1 HSB AP* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

Note: The above table considers losses for integrated antennas. In case of non-integrated antennas,
flexible waveguide losses (table on next page) are also to be considered.
*stands for double antenna.

67
MPT Antenna Mount Losses by Configuration (26-38 GHz)

Frequency Band
Configuration
26 GHz 38 GHz
1+0 0 0

1+1 HSB 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

1+1 FD CP 3+3 3+3

1+1 FD AP 0 0

1+1 SD HSB 0 0
1+1 SD
3+3 3+3
HSB CP*
1+1 HSB* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)
1+1 SD
0 0
HSB AP*
1+1 FD +
0 0
SD Hybrid
1+1 FD +
0 0
SD Hybrid*
1+1 FD CP* (3x2)+(3x2) (3x2)+(3x2)

1+1 FD AP* 3+3 3+3

[1(10)+3]+ [1(10)+3]+
1+1 HSB CP*
[1(10)+3] [1(10)+3]
1+1 HSB AP* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

Note: The above table considers losses for integrated antennas. In case of non-integrated antennas,
flexible waveguide losses (table below) are also to be considered.
*stands for double antenna.

MPT Flexible Waveguide Losses

Operating Frequency (GHz)

Waveguide Length
5,85 - 8,20 7,05 - 10 8,2 - 12,4 10 - 15,0 12,4 - 18 18 - 26,5 26,5 - 40
60 cm 0,25 dB 0,3 dB 0,4 dB 0,5 dB 0,7 dB 1 dB 1,7 dB
1m 0,3 dB 0,4 dB 0,43 dB - 0,9 dB 1,2 dB -

68
MPT Frequency Bands

Frequency Tx-Rx spacings Standard ODU Min ODU Max

Band (GHz) supported (MHz) Rec. (Mhz) (Mhz)
5930 6049
ITU-R F.383 6182 6302
L6 Ghz 252.04
CEPT 14-01E 6048 6168
6301 6420
6540 6610
6710 6780
6590 6660
160 -
6750 6820
6640 6710
6800 6870
U6 GHz
6420 6600
6760 6940
ITU-R F.384 6565 6720
340
CEPT 14-02 6905 7060
6595 6775
6935 7115
7125 7195
7286 7356
7195 7265
7356 7426
7250 7320
7411 7481
7320 7390
7481 7551
7275 7345
7436 7506
7345 7415
ITU-R F.385- 7506 7576
7 GHz 161
6 7425 7495
7586 7656
7495 7565
7656 7726
7549,5 7620
7710,5 7781
7620 7690
7781 7851
7575 7645
7736 7806
7645 7715
7806 7876

69
Frequency Tx-Rx spacings Standard ODU Min ODU Max
Band (GHz) supported (MHz) Rec. (Mhz) (Mhz)
7107 7191
7303 7387
7 GHz 196 -
7163 7247
7359 7443
7428 7512
7582 7666
7484 7568
7638 7722
ITU-R
7442 7526
154 F.385-6
7596 7680
(Annex 1)
7498 7583
7652 7743
7107 7163
7261 7317
7443 7527
7611 7695
7 GHz
7499 7583
168 -
7667 7751
7187 7243
7355 7411
7414 7498
7596 7680
182 -
7470 7554
7652 7736
7428 7540
ITU-R
7673 7785
245 F.385-7
7540 7652
(Annex 4)
7785 7897
7732.875 7851.475
ITU-R F.386 8044.195 8162.795
311.32 / 305.56
(Annex 1) 7851.475 7970.075
8157.405 8281.395
8204.217 8274.189
8355.831 8425.803
8 GHz 151.164 -
8274.189 8344.161
8425,5 8496
8283 8328
ITU-R F.386 8405 8451
119 / 126
(Annex 3) 8325 8370
8447 8493

70
Frequency Tx-Rx spacings Standard ODU Min ODU Max
Band (GHz) supported (MHz) Rec. (Mhz) (Mhz)
8064 8162
8272 8370
208 -
8148 8246
8356 8454
8035 8046
8 GHz 213,5 -
8248 8259,0
7905 8024
ITU-R F.386 8171 8290,0
266
(Annex 4) 8017 8136
8283 8402
ITU-R 10695 10955
F.387-7 11205 11485
11 GHz 490 / 500 / 530
(Annex 1&2) 10935 11205
N.America 11445 11705
12750 12865
ITU-R F.497- 13016 13131
13 GHz 266
6 12861 12980
13127 13246
14630 14766
14945 15081
308 / 315 /322 Mexico
14759 14899
15074 15215
14500 14724
ITU-R F.497, 14920 15144
420 / 475
F.636-3 14710 14941
15 GHz
15130 15361
14400 14635
ITU-R 14890 15125
490
F.636-3 14625 14860
15115 15350
14500 14700
644 / 728 CEPT 12-07
15144 15348

71
Frequency Tx-Rx spacings Standard ODU Min ODU Max
Band (GHz) supported (MHz) Rec. (Mhz) (Mhz)
N. America 17700 18140
1560
& Brazil 19260 19700
18581 18700
18920 19040
340 -
18701 18820
18 GHz
19040 19160
17700 18201
ITU-R 18710 19211
1008 / 1010
F.595-4 18180 18690
19190 19700
ITU-R F.637- 21198 21819
3 (Annex 1) 22400 23019
1050/ 1200 / 1232
ITU-R F.637- 21781 22400
2 (Annex 5) 22981 23600
23 GHz
22000 22315
ITU-R F.637- 23008 23323
1008
3 (Annex 3) 22300 22600
23308 23608
24540 24997
ITU-R F.748 25548 26005
26 GHz 1008
(Annex 1) 24994 25448
26002 26456
37050 37620
ITU-R F.749
38310 38880
1260 (Annex 1)
37619 38180
CEPT 12-02
38879 39440
38 GHz
38600 38950
39300 39650
700 -
38950 39300
39650 40000

72
 12 Radio Configurations

The following configurations are available for each radio path.

1+0

In this configuration the radio chain consists of:

One Radio Outdoor Unit (MPT)

One Antenna

One MPT Access Card

ODU 300/MPT

Modem/AWY/ MPT (1+0)

Access Card

1+1

In this configuration the radio chain consists of:

Two Radio Outdoor Units ( MPT)

One or two antennas

One or two MPT Access Cards


Following options are available for protected configuration:

Hot Stand-by (with or w/o coupler)

Frequency Diversity

Polarization Diversity

1+1 Hot Standby

This method offers protection against HW failures providing two independent TX/RX chains. In
(1+1)HSby one transmitter is working, while the other one is in stand-by; both receivers are active
and the best ODU source is selected.

In case of 1+1 Hot Stand-by on single antenna, both Radio Units are connected to a coupler, balanced
or un-balanced. Either remote or separate mounting is available.
 Main

Hsby

Modem/MPT (1+1)Hsby On Single

Access Card
Antenna

Alternatively, in case of 1+1 Hot Stand-by Space Diversity, each Radio Unit is connected to an
individual antenna.

Main

Modem/MPT
Access Card
Hsby

(1+1)Hsby On Double Antennas

1+1 Frequency Diversity/Polarisation DIversity

This method offers protection against selective and temporary link quality degradation.
In (1+1) Frequency Diversity, both radio paths are active in parallel using different frequencies; this
method, based on memory buffer that guarantee the bit to bit alignment, can offers error free
protection against fading (via a hitless switch) up to 100dB/sec.

Both two antennas and single antenna (dual polarized) mounting arrangements are available.

(1+1) Polarization Diversity adopts the same concepts of FD, but in this case the same RF signal is
transmitted on two different polarizations (H/V) by means of a single double polarized antenna.

Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarised (ACAP), Adjacent Channel Co Polarised (ACCP) and Co-Channel
Dual Polarisation (CCDP) operations are supported

Main
F1/H1

F2/H2

Modem/MPT
Access Card
Hsby

(1+1) Frequency/Polarisation Diversity

On Double Antennas

12.1 Antenna Mount

Direct-Mounted Radio Unit

The Radio Unit is attached to its antenna by a direct-mount collar, which includes a built-in rotator
for selection of vertical or horizontal polarization.

A full range of direct-mount antennas is offered with diameters from 0.2m to 1.8m. As an aid to
antenna alignment, the ODU includes receive signal level (RSL) access
For single antenna protected, frequency diversity and 2+0 operation, a direct-mount antenna coupler
for two ODU is available.

Remote-Mounted ODU

Radio Unit can be installed separate from its antenna, using a remote-mount to support the ODU,
and a flexible-waveguide to connect the Radio Unit to its antenna.

A remote mount allows use of standard, single or dual polarization antennas. The mount can also be
used to remotely support a protected ODU 300/MPT pairing installed on a coupler. The coupler
connects to the remote mount assembly in the same way as a Radio Unit

12.2 Couplers
A coupler is used to connect two ODU to a common antenna for protected or single antenna
frequency diversity operation. Two versions are available, an equal-split 3/3dB coupler, and an
unequal-split coupler with a nominal 1dB insertion loss to/from the main ODU, and 10 dB insertion
loss to/from the standby ODU

76
 .

11-38GHz MPT Coupler

6/7/8GHz MPT Coupler

12.3 Ortho-Mode Transducers (OMT)

Using one OMT and two MPT, it is possible to have double polarization (DP) configurations with
integrated antennas. With OMT we are offering the most compact and cost effective solution for
double polarization applications.

An OMT is a kind of double polarization coupler. The frequencies can be different (in a same band) or
identical (XPIC). By means of an interface, it is attached to the back plate of the antenna’s circular
waveguide feeder. This interface allows the rotation of the feeder for proper alignment of two facing
DP antennas.

There are two OMT shapes depending on the frequency band, identical to couplers:

77
Insertion loss from antenna to ODU is 0,5 dB, return loss 18 dB, Cross-polar
polar discrimination (XPD)
30 dB, Inter-port
port Isolation (IPI) 35 dB.

12.4 4+0 dual pol integrated coupler

Mainly for N+0 configurations, a 3+0/4+0 dual pol integrated coupler is offered.

It is a very compact solution, allowing the usage of integrated antennas and avoiding the usage of
not-integrated
integrated antennas with external couplers and flex twist.
twist
 13 MPT-GC Technical description
An MPT-GC link consists of two radio terminals that transmit to each other on a full duplex channel
pair, providing point-to-point Ethernet and/or SONET/SDH connectivity between two locations.

The ODU is connected to indoor equipment through fiber for GbE connection. Power must be
provided to ODU through a separate cable.

Each MPT-GC unit contains up to four SFP ports available for SONET/SDH and four SFP ports plus one
copper RJ-45 port available for Ethernet. Any combination of ports can be used to carry traffic across
the link.

The Ethernet interface traffic is bridged across the link via an embedded switch. The SONET/SDH
traffic is handled separately within the radio and does not pass through the internal switch.

The SONET/SDH and Ethernet traffic are aggregated within the radio unit for transmission over the
air to the far end of the link. The portion of the radio bandwidth that is not used by enabled
SONET/SDH interfaces is available for use by the Ethernet interfaces.

Depending on configuration the available Ethernet bandwidth can exceed 1000Mbps.

Frequency Agility
MPT-GC offers the flexibility to be tuned across the entire 80 GHz spectrum (71-76GHz & 81-86 GHz)
in accordance with ECC REC 05/07.

Spectrum Efficiency

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MPT-GC utilizes Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation. Full-rate gigabit Ethernet
transmissions (or combination of Ethernet + SDH/SONET up to 1200 Mbps) is achieved utilizing 1 GHz
of spectrum.

Automatic Transmit Power Control

A link with a higher fade margin has more tolerance against path fades but the higher output power
may interfere adversely with other users in the vicinity. The ATPC function is designed to alleviate
this by automatically increasing or decreasing the transmit power upon request from the opposite
terminal based on its receive signal quality, aggregate BER and receive signal level. In this way the
output power can be maintained at a lower level until needed

Adaptive Rate Modulation

MPT-GC’s Adaptive Rate Modulation (ARM) feature provides gradual adaptive data rate and
modulation changes to the transmission that alters the modulation type and/or changes the signal
bandwidth, allowing the link to maintain high availability connections during propagation
impairments. As anomalies in the path reduce signal levels, MPT-GC shifts modulation from QPSK to
BPSK, and capacity decreases in incremental steps. The internal engine provides the necessary
prioritization of Ethernet and SONET/SDH traffic to maintain quality of service at the new data rate.
Once the anomaly subsides, MPT-GC automatically restores transmission capacity.
The following table correlates capacity, modulation, and bandwidth:

1200 Mbps / QPSK – 1000 MHz bandwidth

600 Mbps / BPSK – 1000 MHz bandwidth

240 Mbps / QPSK – 250 MHz bandwidth

120 Mbps / BPSK – 250 MHz bandwidth (only available with ARM)

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ARM thresholds are set via the user to allow the link to be tailored to unique user requirements.
Switches between rates and modulation occur in less than 50 milliseconds.

Feature Highlight
MPT-GC is a carrier-grade system, with internal Layer 2 GigE switch

Up to 5 GigE ports

Four SFPs support 1000Base-X

One CAT6 (RJ45) support 10/100/1000Base-T

8 queues QoS

802.1p, Diffserv

Jumbo Frame support up to 10,000 byte packets

Ethernet Port statistics

VLAN membership

Jumbo Frame support up to 10,000 byte packets

IP V4 and V6

AES built-in Encryption

In-band, out-of-band Management

Antenna specifications

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Transmitter and receiver specifications
Tx Power Output: +18 dBm
Tx Power Output Stability: 2 dB
TX Frequency Stability: 25 ppm
T/R Spacing: 10 GHz

Transmitter Tuning Range: MPT-GC operates in the 80 GHz band utilizing both 71 – 76 GHz and 81 –
86 GHz channels per ECC/REC 05/07, and supports one and four concatenated channels.

RX Sensitivity

System Gain

Power Requirements

Nominal DC Input Voltage: -48 VDC

Optional DC Input Voltage: None

DC Input Voltage Range: -37.5 VDC to -70 VDC

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Power Consumption: 60 watts

Environmental

Temperature Range: -33oC to +55oC

Humidity: 100% Fully Outdoor Rated

Altitude: 4,500 meters

AES Encryption
MPT-GC can be upgraded to provide 256-bit AES Encryption on the transmission path via a software
upgrade key. This AES Encryption is FIPS-197 certified.
Encryption is Built-in (No external boxes) lowering the cost and network complexity compared to
using external encryptors.
Encryption operates at Full-line rate ( GigE speed) and adds only adds 2 µSec latency.

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