Adding and

Subtraction

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Adding Ones to a 3-Digit Number
Calculate the answers to the following:

1. 136 + 3 = 13. 529 + 4 =

2. 212 + 4 = 14. 645 + 9 =

3. 381 + 6 = 15. 713 + 8 =

4. 494 + 5 = 16. 995 + 6 =

5. 533 + 4 = 17. 165 + 7 =

6. 620 + 7 = 18. 252 + 6 =

7. 725 + 4 = 19. 395 + 9 =

8. 952 + 7 = 20. 478 + 1 =

9. 165 + 8 = 21. 546 + 7 =

10. 224 + 7 = 22. 659 + 3 =

11. 388 + 6 = 23. 765 + 3 =

12. 478 + 5 = 24. 971 + 8 =

Challenge
Explain how you would use 7 + 8 = 15 to calculate 537 + 8.

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Subtracting Ones from a 3-Digit Number
Calculate the answers to the following:

1. 166 - 3 = 13. 571 - 5 =

2. 295 - 4 = 14. 678 - 9 =

3. 307 - 5 = 15. 722 - 6 =

4. 489 - 7 = 16. 982 - 4 =

5. 578 - 4 = 17. 122 - 6 =

6. 636 - 2 = 18. 279 -  = 271

7. 794 - 3 = 19.  + = 329

8. 959 - 8 = 20. 459 - 3 =

9. 145 - 8 = 21. 566 +  = 557

10. 213 - 7 = 22. 659 - 4 =

11. 383 - 5 = 23. 779 - 5 =

12. 491 - 4 = 24.  + 8 = 944

Challenge
Explain how you would use 14 - 8 = 6 to calculate 384 - 8.

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Adding Tens to a 3-Digit Number
Calculate the answers to the following:
1. 153 + 30 = 13. 564 + 80 =

2. 272 + 20 = 14. 675 + 90 =

3. 301 + 60 = 15. 761 + 70 =

4. 413 + 70 = 16. 964 + 60 =

5. 523 + 40 = 17. 102 +  = 172

6. 630 + 20 = 18. 282 + 60 =

7. 737 + 50 = 19.  + 30 = 424

8. 939 + 60 = 20. 488 + 40 =

9. 142 + 80 = 21. 537 + 90 =

10. 267 + 70 = 22.  + 30 = 686

11. 398 + 60 = 23. 770 +  = 850

12. 451 + 50 = 24. 961 + 70 =

Challenge
Explain how you would use 7 + 8 = 15 to calculate 537 + 8.

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Subtracting Tens from a 3-Digit Number
Calculate the answers to the following:

1. 178 - 30 = 13. 537 - 50 =

2. 282 - 40 = 14. 612 - 70 =

3. 377 - 50 = 15. 727 - 60 =

4. 495 - 70 = 16. 933 - 90 =

5. 581 - 40 = 17. 134 -  = 74

6. 625 - 20 = 18. 213 - 80 =

7. 767 - 50 = 19.  - 70 = 276

8. 992 - 80 = 20. 403 - 30 =

9. 131 - 80 = 21.  - 90 = 486

10. 224 - 60 = 22. 619 - 20 = 

11. 357 - 90 = 23. 717 -  = 647

12. 413 - 30 = 24. 941 - 50 =

Challenge
Explain what other calculations you might use 13 - 8 = 5.

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Adding Hundreds to a 3-Digit Number
Calculate the answers to the following:
1. 163 + 500 = 13. 549 + 800 =

2. 345 + 600 = 14. 672 + 700 =

3. 582 + 400 = 15. 701 + 900 =

4. 273 + 300 = 16. 927 + 600 =

5. 561 + 200 = 17. 116 + 700 =

6. 170 + 700 = 18. 352 +  = 1252

7. 207 + 500 = 19.  + 400 = 859

8. 719 + 100 = 20. 824 + 300 =

9. 372 + 800 = 21. 562 + 900 =

10. 460 + 700 = 22.  + 300 = 916

11. 508 + 900 = 23. 752 +  = 1552

12. 721 + 500 = 24. 911 + 700 =

Challenge
Explain how you would use 9 + 4 = 13 to calculate 931 + 400.

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Subtracting Hundreds from a Three Digit Number
Calculate the answers to the following:

1. 353 - 200 = 9. 268 - 200 =

2. 416 - 400 = 10. 416 - 100 =

3. 531 - 300 = 11. 547 - 300 =

4. 789 - 500 = 12. 346 - 100 =

5. 564 - 300 = 13. 564 - 400 =

6. 820 - 600 = 14. 893 - 600 =

7. 707 - 500 = 15. 507 - 500 =

8. 919 - 700 = 16. 919 - 400 =

Challenge
Take any three digit number. You can subtract 100, 200, 300 or 400 once each, but you
must not go below 0.

e.g. 672 - 100 = 572, 572 - 300 = 272, 272 - 200 = 72.
100, 300 and 200 were subtracted to get to 72.

Can you always get to a number between or equal to 100 and 1?

If you use as many sutractions as possible are there any patterns?

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Adding 3-Digit and 2-Digit Numbers - No Carrying
Calculate the answers to the following:

5 3 4 2 1 3 3 0 4 6 7 2
+ 4 5 + 6 2 + 8 4 + 1 6

1 3 0 8 0 2 5 2 9 2 8 1
+ 5 6 + 9 2 + 5 0 + 1 7

5 5 2 6 0 7 6 2 8 3 2 7
+ 3 6 + 7 2 + 2 1 + 5 1

4 7 4 1 5 3 3 7 1
+ 1 5 + 4 4 + 2 2

Calculate the following calculations:

4 2 5 3 8 8
+ 1 5 + 4 + 2 1
4 6 7 7 9 6 8 4

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Adding 3-Digit and 2-Digit Numbers - With Carrying
Calculate the answers to the following:

6 7 3 4 5 7 3 0 4 6 1 5
+ 1 8 + 2 5 + 6 9 + 3 8

1 4 9 8 0 5 6 7 2 5 8 1
+ 1 6 + 8 5 + 4 2 + 6 7

2 9 2 6 7 0 6 6 2 3 8 7
+ 3 6 + 7 2 + 7 5 + 5 1

4 7 6 1 5 8 3 7 9
+ 4 5 + 7 4 + 2 6

Calculate the following calculations:

3 2 4 7 8 8
+ 5 5 + 4 + 6 5
4 3 7 7 9 6 4

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Subtracting 2-Digit Numbers from 3-Digit Numbers
No Exchanging
Calculate the answers to the following:

4 7 9 3 3 7 5 8 4 4 7 8
- 1 8 - 2 5 - 6 1 - 3 8

7 4 8 5 6 3 6 5 2 5 6 9
- 1 6 + 1 2 - 3 2 - 6 7

2 9 8 6 7 7 6 9 7 3 8 7
- 3 6 - 7 2 - 7 5 - 5 1

Calculate the following calculations:

3 7 5 4 8 8
- 5 - 2 - 6
3 0 2 5 1 5 8 3 3

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Subtracting 2-Digit Numbers from 3-Digit Numbers
With Exchanging
Calculate the answers to the following:

3 4 3 6 4 1 4 7 2 4 7 3
- 1 8 - 2 5 - 6 7 - 3 8

6 2 0 3 6 4 4 1 5 5 2 8
- 1 6 + 4 6 - 3 3 - 6 7

1 2 6 6 7 3 6 0 7 9 1 6
- 3 1 - 8 2 - 6 4 - 5 3

Calculate the following calculations:

2 2 4 7 8 1
- 3 - 4 - 6
2 2 0 4 4 9 2 4

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Adding Two 3-Digit Numbers - No Carrying
Calculate the answers to the following:

2 7 3 4 5 1 3 0 4 6 1 5
+ 5 1 4 + 2 2 5 + 4 6 3 + 1 7 2

1 5 3 8 0 5 5 7 2 5 3 1
+ 7 1 6 + 1 0 2 + 2 1 3 + 2 6 7

2 0 2 3 7 0 6 2 2 3 1 2
+ 2 3 6 + 1 1 6 + 3 7 5 + 2 5 1

4 7 6 1 5 5 3 7 1
+ 4 0 3 + 2 3 4 + 6 2 8

Calculate the following calculations:

4 2 9 4 1 7 5
+ 3 + 4 + 2 2
4 3 7 9 6 7 4

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Adding Two 3-Digit Numbers - With Carrying
Calculate the answers to the following:

3 2 3 6 0 7 5 0 7 3 1 9
+ 5 1 8 + 2 2 8 + 4 6 3 + 1 4 2

2 5 7 5 0 5 6 7 2 5 9 1
+ 7 0 6 + 1 0 9 + 2 4 3 + 3 6 7

5 7 2 7 6 0 8 2 2 9 1 2
+ 3 3 6 + 6 1 5 + 3 4 5 + 4 6 1

4 7 6 6 5 5 3 7 9
+ 4 8 5 + 7 3 8 + 6 4 8

Calculate the following calculations:

5 8 6 4 1 4 5
+ 3 + 7 + 8 7 8
1 4 8 7 1 2 4 1 5

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Subtracting Two 3-Digit Numbers - No Exchanging
Calculate the answers to the following:

5 6 9 3 4 6 7 7 4 6 5 2
- 3 1 5 - 1 2 5 - 4 5 3 - 4 2 0

6 2 8 5 7 3 8 3 2 5 9 9
- 3 0 5 + 5 1 2 - 2 3 2 - 4 6 7

2 9 8 6 8 7 9 8 8 7 6 8
- 1 3 6 - 4 7 1 - 5 7 5 - 2 5 1

5 5 5 5 9 6 3 6 8
- 3 4 5 - 3 7 4 - 2 2 0

Calculate the following calculations:

3 4 4 8 7 4
- 2 4 - 3 0 - 6 0
3 3 2 6 4 3

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Subtracting Two 3-Digit Numbers - With Exchanging
Calculate the answers to the following:

4 5 1 8 4 0 4 7 2 4 8 1
- 2 1 8 - 5 2 5 - 2 3 8 - 3 2 3

6 9 0 7 2 6 4 2 7 5 1 9
- 5 2 6 + 4 1 9 - 2 3 3 - 4 5 0

3 5 3 6 2 7 6 2 2 9 5 1
- 1 3 6 - 4 7 1 - 3 9 4 - 6 5 2

Calculate the following calculations:

7 3 7 0 0 1
- 4 7 - 2 9 - 4 8
8 1 1 6 3 3

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Checking 2 by 2-Digit Mixed Calculations - With Carrying
and Exchanging
Calculate the answer to the following calculations and check by using the inverse (addition
or subtraction). Choose the best method for you - column method, number line, near
doubles etc.

76 + 45 = 97 - 38 =

72 - 48 = 64 + 38 =

82 - 65 = 49 + 46 =

93 + 59 = 68 - 29 =

Challenge
Explain how you might check your answer to this calculation: 47 + 54 + 35 =

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Checking 3 by 2-Digit Mixed Calculations - With Carrying
and Exchanging
Calculate the answer to the following calculations and check by using the inverse (addition
or subtraction). Choose the best method for you - column method, number line, near
doubles etc.

419 + 79 = 608 - 57 =

437 - 49 = 372 + 88 =

673 - 46 = 514 + 49 =

586 + 97 = 970 - 74 =

Challenge
Use 2 different methods to calculate and check this calculation. 365 - 87 =
Can you explain which method you find better?

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Checking 3 by 3-Digit Mixed Calculations - With Carrying
and Exchanging
Calculate the answer to the following calculations and check by using the inverse (addition
or subtraction). Choose the best method for you - column method, number line, near
doubles etc.

245 + 356 = 562 - 347 =

703 - 459 = 509 + 389 =

825 - 286 = 672 + 319 =

592 + 209 = 913 - 387 =

Challenge
Explain how you might use the inverse to check this calculation. 541 + 518 + 265 =

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Checking 3 by 3-Digit Mixed Calculations - With Carrying
and Exchanging
Calculate the answer to the following calculations and check by using the inverse (addition
or subtraction). Choose the best method for you - column method, number line, near
doubles etc.

34 23 57 16 59 75 92 45 137
+ = + = + =
+ = + = + =
- = - = - =
- = - = - =

87 240 153 393 240 153 616 240 153

+ = + = + =
+ = + = + =
- = - = - =
- = - = - =

Create two addition and two subtraction calculations from each set of three numbers,
writing the full calculations in the given box.

26 97 123 86 134 48 364 213 151

652 589 63 572 801 229 371 912 1283

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Estimated Answers
To answer the following questions decide which multiple of 10 each number is closest to and
then add or subtract the numbers. Trying to answer quickly will help you to practise estimating
rather than working the answer out.

Example
1. 32 + 59 =
My estimate: 30 + 60 = 90

Estimating Addition:

1. 32 + 59 = 2. 23 + 28 =

My estimate: + = My estimate: + =

3. 51 + 53 = 4. 81 + 33 =

My estimate: + = My estimate: + =

5. 89 + 27 = 6. 59 + 92 =

My estimate: + = My estimate: + =

7. 132 + 19 = 8. 88 + 109 =

My estimate: + = My estimate: + =

9. 127 + 152 = 10. 353 + 281 =

My estimate: + = My estimate: + =

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Estimating Subtraction:
1. 58 - 32 = 2. 79 - 22 =

My estimate: - = My estimate: - =

3. 104 - 51 = 4. 121 - 33 =

My estimate: - = My estimate: - =

5. 129 - 27 = 6. 229 - 92 =

My estimate: - = My estimate: - =

7. 132 - 17 = 8. 288 - 109 =

My estimate: - = My estimate: - =

9. 257 - 152 = 10. 353 - 281 =

My estimate: - = My estimate: - =

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Exemplary Calculation Procedure
Estimating, Answering and Checking with Inverse Operation

1. Begin by estimating your answer using the nearest multiple of 10 for each number.

2. Perform the exact calculation using your chosen method.

3. Check that your answer is close to your estimate.

4. Check your answer is correct by working backwards using the inverse operation.
Addition Calculations:
Example:
Number My Estimate Calculation Answer close Check Correct?
Sentence to estimate with Inverse

e.g. 57 + 39 60 + 40 = 100
5 7 96/100 = Yes! 8 Yes!
1
9 6
+ 3 9 - 3 9
9 6 5 7
Number My Estimate Calculation Answer close Check Correct?
Sentence to estimate with Inverse
1. 39 + 23

2. 18 + 54

3. 67 + 54

4. 126 + 43

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5. 218 + 133

Subtraction Calculations:
Example:

Number My Estimate Calculation Answer close Check Correct?

Sentence to estimate with Inverse
e.g. 84 - 29 80 – 30 = 50 7 50/55 = Yes! 5 5 Yes!
8 4 + 2 9
- 2 9 81 4
5 5
Number My Estimate Calculation Answer close Check Correct?
Sentence to estimate with Inverse
1. 59 - 22

2. 97 - 18

3. 126 - 32

4. 188 - 52

5. 352 - 169

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Addition and Subtraction Word Problems
Solve the following problems:

1. There are 167 books in one classroom and 392 books in the other.
How many books are there altogether in both classrooms?

2. Jay has a collection of 263 football cards. His brother has 189.
How many more football cards does Jay have?

3. A family drive 208 miles from London to Manchester and then 213 miles to Glasgow.
How far did they travel altogether?

4. A cricket team score 456 in the first innings and 249 in the second innings.
How many runs did they score altogether?

5. Jenny has £6.67. She spends £2.85 on a present for her brother.
How much money does she have altogether.

6. Abi collects stamps. She has 351 in a box and 456 in a book.
How many does she have altogether?

7. A lorry driver has a 561 mile journey. He stops for a break after 314 miles.
How much further has he to travel?

8. A pack of Christmas cards costs £5.49.

How much change would there be from £10.00?

9. A packet of lentils weighs 450g and a packet of kidney beans weighs 385g.
How much do they both weigh altogether?

10. A shopkeeper has 367 bottles of lemonade.

He orders 480 more. How many bottles of lemonade will he have now?

Challenge
Two children have 720 marbles between them.
Jay has 126 more than Abi.
How many does Abi have?

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Addition and Subtraction Using Worded Calculations
Solve the following problems:

1. What number is five more than two hundred and fifty nine?

2. What number is 451 subtract 246?

3. How much larger is 817 than 662?

4. What number is three hundred and six more than four hundred and nineteen?

5. What number is the difference between two hundred and sixteen and three hundred
and nine?

6. Add five hundred and ninety three and three hundred and sixty eight.

7. What number is four hundred and sixty five less than seven hundred and twelve?

8. Increase £5.73 by £6.45.

9. What number is the sum of six hundred and forty and five hundred and seventy six?

10. Decrease 790 by 213.

11. Add together £2.58, £6.27 and £7.03

12. What number is two hundred and fourteen minus one hundred and seventeen?

13. Take £271 away from £604

14. If I increase a number by 382 and get 901, what number did I start with?

15. Add together 219 and 734, then subtract 486.

Challenge
Use the digits 1 to 9 to make three numbers that add up to 900.

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Adding Two 2-Digit Numbers Beyond 100 Worksheet 1

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Adding Two 2-Digit Numbers Beyond 100 Worksheet 2

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33
72

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Adding Two 2-Digit Numbers Beyond 100 Worksheet 3

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Subtracting Tens and Ones from 3-Digit Numbers, Not
Crossing 100
1) 100 2) 108 3) 112 4) 116
 - 40  - 64  60  - 82
   

5) 130 6) 101 7) 170 8) 165

 - 56  - 70  - 71  - 80
   

9) 128 10) 149 11) 130 12) 102

 - 70  - 70  68  - 80
   

13) 125 14) 130 15) 138 16) 105

 - 90  - 69  - 70  - 70
   

17) 109 18) 140 19) 132 20) 119

 - 50  - 99  - 30  - 54
   

21) 154
 - 30


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Subtracting Tens and Ones from 3-Digit Numbers,
Crossing 100
1) 153 2) 185 3) 167 4) 184
 - 84  - 83  - 56  - 32
   

5) 149 6) 148 7) 134 8) 187

 - 37  - 84  - 63  - 99
   

9) 190 10) 198 11) 175 12) 138

 - 76  - 23  - 99  - 62
   

13) 170 14) 174 15) 154 16) 186

 - 90  - 75  - 36  - 84
   

17) 191 18) 145 19) 131 20) 128

 - 36  - 64  - 57  - 57
   

21) 198
 - 32


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