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Lab 2 Final

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19 views6 pages

Lab 2 Final

Uploaded by

Mahathir Mohammad Siam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Heaven’s light is our guide

Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology


Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Lab Report

Course No: EEE 1202

Course Name: Electrical Circuit II Sessional

Experiment No: 02

Experiment Name: Measurement of 3 phase power of wye and delta


connected balanced system using two wattmeters.

Submitted by Submitted To
Mahathir Mohammad Siam Dr. Md. Masud Rana
Roll: 2201121 Professor
Section: C Department of EEE
RUET, Rajshahi-6204
Department of EEE
RUET, Kazla, Rajshahi-6204

Date of Experiment:14-5-2024 Date of submission: 28-5-2024


Experiment no: 02

Experiment name: Measurement of 3 phase power of wye and delta


connected balanced system using two wattmeters.

Objective:
(i) To measure the total 3-phase active power of a balanced load
connected in wye and delta configurations using the two-
wattmeter method.
(ii) To compare the measured 3-phase active power values with the
theoretically calculated values for both wye and delta
connections.

Theory: In a 3-phase system, the total active power is the sum of the active
powers of the three phases. However, measuring the total active power
directly using a single wattmeter is very complex and inefficient. The two-
wattmeter method provides a way to indirectly determine the total 3-phase
active power by utilizing two wattmeters.
The two-wattmeter method is based on the principle of transferring the 3-
phase power measurement to two coil systems. One wattmeter measures
the active power of the main circuit, while the other measures the active
power of the circuit formed by two winding pairs.

If the readings of two wattmeters are W1 and W2.


Then the total power = W1 + W2
W1 −W2
Power factor = cos ( tan−1 )
W1 +W2

As it is a balanced condition,
The 3 phase power = √3VL IL cosθ
Required Apparatus:

SL No. Name Used Range Quantity

1 Multimeter - 01
2 Ammeter 0-5A 01
3 Wattmeter - 02
4 Three phase Variac 01
5 Resistor 37Ω 03
6 Connecting wires - A few

Circuit diagram:

Figure 1: Circuit diagram for 3 phase power measurement of wye connected system.
Figure 2: Circuit diagram for 3 phase power measurement of delta connected system.

Data Table:

Table 1: Data for 3 phase power measurement of wye connected system.

Data Phase Line Line 1st 2nd Total


voltage voltage current wattmeter wattmeter Power
Vp (V) VL (V) IL W1 (W) W2 (W) WT
(A) (W)

Calculated 100 173.2 27 405 405 810


Measured 100 173.2 0.3 408 404 812

Table 2: Data for 3 phase power measurement of delta connected system.

Data Phase Line Phase Line 1st 2nd Total


voltage voltage current current wattmeter wattmeter Power
Vp (V) VL (V) IP IL W1 (W) W2 (W) WT
(A) (A) (W)
Calculated 50 86.6 2.34 4.05 304.04 304.04 608.08

Measured 50 86.6 2.3 3.98 308 304 612


Calculation:

For wye connection:

𝑉𝑃 = 100𝑉
Za = 37𝛺

∴ 𝑉L = √3 × 𝑉𝑃 = √3 × 100 = 173.20V

𝑉𝑃 100
𝐼𝑃 = = = 2.7𝐴
𝑍𝑎 37
∴ 𝐼𝐿 = 2.7𝐴

𝑊𝑎 = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − 30°) = 173.2 × 2.7 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0 − 30°) = 405𝑊


𝑊𝑏 = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − 30°) = 173.2 × 2.7 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0 + 30°) = 405𝑊
𝑃𝑇 = 810𝑊

Measured:
𝑊1 = 408W
𝑊2 = 404W
𝑊1 + 𝑊2 = (408 + 404) = 812𝑊
𝑊1 − 𝑊2 = (408 − 404) = 4𝑊

𝑊1 − 𝑊2 4
θ = tan−1 (√3 × ) = tan−1 (√3 × )
𝑊1 + 𝑊2 812
𝜃 = 0.48°
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 0.999 ≈ 1
810−812
Error=| | × 100% = 0.24%
810

For delta connection:

𝑉𝑃 = 50𝑉
𝑍𝑎 = 37𝛺

∴ 𝑉L = √3 × 𝑉𝑃 = √3 × 50 = 86.6V
𝑉𝐿 86.6
𝐼𝑃 = = = 2.34𝐴
𝑍𝑎 37
∴ 𝐼𝐿 = √3 × 2.34A = 4.05A

𝑊𝑎 = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − 30°) = 86.6 × 4.05 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0 − 30°) = 304.04𝑊


𝑊𝑏 = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐿 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − 30°) = 86.6 × 4.05 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0 + 30°) = 304.04𝑊
𝑃𝑇 = 608.08𝑊

Measured:
𝑊1 = 308W
𝑊2 = 304W
𝐼𝑃 = 2.3𝐴
𝐼𝐿 = 3.98𝐴

𝑊1 + 𝑊2 = (308 + 304) = 612𝑊


𝑊1 − 𝑊2 = (308 − 304) = 4𝑊

𝑊1 − 𝑊2 4
θ = tan−1 (√3 × ) = tan−1 (√3 × )
𝑊1 + 𝑊2 612
𝜃 = 0.65°
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 0.999 ≈ 1

608.08−612
Error=| | × 100% = 0.64%
608.08

Discussion and Conclusion:

The experimental results show good agreement between the measured


and calculated values of 3-phase active power for both wye and delta
connected loads. The percentage of errors is relatively low. These small
deviations can be attributed to factors such as wattmeter inaccuracies,
minor imbalances in the load etc. Overall, the two-wattmeter method has
proven to be an effective technique for indirect measurement of 3-phase
active power in balanced systems. The experiment has demonstrated the
equivalence of power consumption for wye and delta connected loads,
validating the theoretical principles. The low errors also confirm the
reliability of the experimental setup and procedures followed.

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