COMPUTER APPRECIATION – TREM KINGS’ CENTRE (KETU BRANCH)

BASIC
COMPUTER
TRAINING
Facilitator: Emeka Ozor

Powered by: TREM KINGS’ CENTRE

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TRAINING MODULES
 I.T and The Computer
 Microsoft Windows
 Microsoft Office Packages
Microsoft Word
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft PowerPoint
 Corel Draw
 The World Wide Web

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I.T AND THE COMPUTER

I.T stands for Information Technology. Information means processed data. Therefore
Information Technology (I.T) is the use of technology to process data. There are so
many technologies invented to process data, from the Abacus down to your
Smartphone.

THE COMPUTER
The computer is an electronic device that process raw data into information.

History of the Computer

The first generation of computers came out in the 1940s and 1950s; this is where we
had large computers like the ENIAC, EDASAC & MARK 1. It was followed by the second
generation of computers in the late 1950s & early 1960s; computers like IBM700, LEO,
MARK 3 & ATLAS.

The third generation of computers followed in the late 1960s & early 1970s;
computers like the Desktop computer known as PC (Personal Computers). The fourth
generation of computers followed late 1970s till date; computers like the laptops and
palmtops (PDAs, Smartphone & Tablets Devices).

Classification Of Computer
Computers are classified into 3

 Types; Analog, Digital and Hybrid Computers.

 Sizes; mainframe, mini and micro.
 Purpose: General and Specific

Parts (Hard Ware) Of The Computer

BACKING STORAGE; This is where data is stored for backup purposes. So it can be
retrieved when needed. Ex. External Drive, CDs etc.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT; This is the brain of the computer; this is where all the
work happens.

INPUT; these are the parts that put in the raw data which is processed and then put
out as information. Ex. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, External Drive etc...

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OUTPUT; these are the parts that lets you see the information processed. Ex. Monitor,
Printer etc.

COMPUTER PERSONNELS

 Computer Engineers; They create and repair the computer hardware (parts)
 Computer Operator; they operate the computer.
 Computer Programmers; they create and repair computer software.
 System Analyst; instruct and recommend the type of computer to buy.

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MICROSOFT WINDOW
In the previous module we focused on the hardware of the computer. In this module
you will learn a bit about software.

Software is the part of the computer you can see but cannot touch. And it is divided
into the Application Software and The Operating System Software. In this module we
will be learning about the Operating System Software.

The work of the operating system is to allow users to have access to both the
component of the computer and also the application software needed.

So let’s look at the Microsoft Windows operating system.

Parts of MS Window Desktop

 My Computer
 My Documents
 My Network Places
 Start Button
 Taskbar
 Recycle Bin
 Icon
 Date Time Control
 Pointer

My Computer allows the user to explore the contents of their computer drives as well
as manage their computer files.

My Documents is the name of a special folder on the computer's hard drive that the
system commonly uses to store a user's documents, music, and pictures, downloads,
and other files.

My Network Places is the network browser feature in Windows Explorer from

Windows 7, Windows 10, and Windows 11.

Start Menu is also a command that enables a user to start a separate window in
Windows from the Windows command line.

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Taskbar is a bar displayed on a full edge of a GUI desktop that is used to launch and
monitor running applications.

Windows Internet Explorer is a series of graphical web browsers developed by

Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems,
starting in 1995.

Recycle Bin keeps some files that have been deleted, whether accidentally or
intentionally.

Icon is a small picture that represents an object or program. Icons are very useful in
applications that use windows, because with the click of a mouse button you can
shrink an entire window into a small icon.

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MICROSOFT OFFICE PACKAGES

These are applications that allow you to do certain desktop publishing tasks like Word
Processing, making presentations and also creating spreadsheets.

The 3 Most commonly used Microsoft Office packages are Microsoft Excel, Microsoft
PowerPoint and Microsoft Word.

MICROSOFT–WORD
Let us describe different Parts of MS-Word window - 2007 with diagram.

Title Bar is the bar which displays the name of the current document. Default name is
Document1

Extension name of MS-word is .docx

Ribbon is the Region at the top of the user interface that provides quick access to task-
specific command.

Office button brings together all the level features, such as new, open save, save as. It
provides access to the tab, which allows you to customize the environment. Quick
Access Toolbar

The Quick access Toolbar is a customizable toolbar that provides easy access to any
command in the application. By default, the Quick access bar includes core commands
such as Save, Undo, Redo, and Open.

The status bar display the page number, Line number, word count, zoom, etc

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MS EXCEL- 2007
Question - What is MS-EXCEL & describe different Parts of MS-Excel window -2007 with
diagram?

Microsoft excel is an Application software. Microsoft excel is known as spreadsheet

program.

Microsoft excel is a collection of Rows and Columns. A spreadsheet is a program that

manipulates number and string data in Rows and Columns.

Benefits – the main advantages of using a spreadsheet program is that it enables you to
perform simple row and column arithmetic.

Worksheet

A work sheet contains rows and columns of cell.

A numbers of worksheet is called a workbook. It is the file in which you work and store
data in Excel.

Extension name of MS-Excel is .xlsx

Row, Column & Cell

Row

Horizontal Lines are called Rows. Named as 1, 2, 3, 4………etc. In Ms-Excel 2007 Excel
worksheet contains 1,048,576 rows.

Column

Vertical Lines are called Columns. Named as A, B, C, D………etc In Ms-Excel 2007 Excel
worksheet contains 16,384 columns.

Cell

A cell is an intersection of rows and columns. A cell is represented by the combination

of a column and row name. Ex - A1 is the first cell (Column A and Row 1)

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You can enter data in excel using the cell.

Formula Bar is a section in Microsoft Excel. It shows the contents of the current cell and
allows you to create and view formulas.

Features of Microsoft Excel

Linking Worksheet: Linking Worksheets enable you to work on a number of worksheets

at a time. A large number of Rows and Columns; A single Excel worksheet contains
65,536 rows and 256 columns. A single cell in excel can contain 32,767 characters.

Charts: A chart enables you to graphical representation data in a worksheet.

Conditional Formatting: Apply condition in a specific cell or range of cell.

Functions: Help you with calculations and formulas

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THIS PART IS FOR PRACTICALS

A B

1 20 30

2 15 40

3 25 50

If the values are placed in from A1 to B3 1.

The total is =sum(Range of the cell)

= sum(A1:B3) (It display the result = 180 )

The maximum value =maximum (Range of the cell)

=maximum(A1:B3) (It display the result = 50)

The minimum value =minimum (Range of the cell)

=minimum(A1:B3) (It display the result = 15)

The Average value =Average (Range of the cell)

= Average (A1:A3) (It display the result = 20)

Show the date. =Today()

(It display the Current date in this format 8/4/2014)

Show both date & Time =Now()

(It display the Current date in this format 8/4/2014 15:55)

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MS POWER POINT
Presentation

A presentation is a delivery mechanism used to deliver relevant information to

specific audiences using visual aids.

The visual aid can be in the form of overheads, slides and paper handouts.

Power Point

A Power point presentation is a file that contains information that can be

presented to an audience as slides in a sequence

The slides consist of placeholders in where you can insert text, pictures, graphics,
table and charts.

A presentation can also contain transitions between slides.

Using Power Point you can:-

 Creating colourful Presentation

 Software designed to provide you the wide range of features to custom build
your presentation
 Creating Effective Presentation.

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COREL DRAW
UNDERSTANDING VECTOR GRAPHICS AND BITMAPS

The two main types of computer graphics are vector graphics and bitmaps. Vector
graphics are made of lines and curves, and they are generated from mathematical
descriptions that determine the position, length, and direction in which lines are
drawn.

Bitmaps, also known as raster images, are composed of small squares called pixels;
each pixel is mapped to a location in an image and has numerical colour values.

Vector graphics are ideal for logos and illustrations because they are resolution-
independent and can be scaled to any size, or printed and displayed at any
resolution, without losing detail and quality.

In addition, you can produce sharp and crisp outlines with vector graphics. Bitmaps
are excellent for photographs and digital paintings because they reproduce colour
gradations well.

Bitmaps are resolution-dependent – that is, they represent a fixed number of

pixels.

They look good at their actual size, but they can appear jagged or lose image
quality when scaled, or when displayed or printed at a resolution higher than their
original resolution.

Starting and opening drawings CorelDRAW lets you start a new drawing from a
blank page, a template, or an existing drawing.

A blank page gives you the freedom to specify every aspect of a drawing. A
template provides you with a starting point and leaves the amount of
customization up to you.

Notes for starting new drawings

When starting a new drawing, CorelDRAW lets you specify page, document, and
colour management settings.

You can choose from a list of preset settings, which are based on how you intend to
use the drawing. For example, you can choose the Web option if you are creating a

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drawing for the Internet or the Default CMYK option if you are creating a document
destined for commercial printing.

However, if the preset settings are not suitable for the drawing that you want to
create, you can also customize the settings and save them for future use.

Notes for opening existing drawings basing a new drawing on an existing drawing
lets you reuse objects and page settings.

CorelDRAW lets you open existing drawings saved to the CorelDRAW (CDR) format
as well as drawings and projects saved to various file formats such as Corel
DESIGNER (DSF or DES), Adobe Illustrator (AI), Adobe Portable Document Format
(PDF), Encapsulated PostScript (EPS), and Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM).

However, you may not be able to open certain files, depending on their file type
and contents. In such cases, you can try importing the files as objects in an open
drawing.

Top: A vector graphic consists of lines and fills. Bottom: A bitmap is made up of pixels.

To‌‌start‌‌a‌‌drawing‌‌

Do‌‌‌the‌‌following:‌‌

 On‌‌the‌‌Welcome‌‌screen, ‌‌click‌‌Get‌‌started‌N‌ ew‌‌document.‌‌

 In‌‌the‌‌application‌‌window, ‌‌click‌‌File New.‌
 ‌Type‌a‌ ‌‌filename‌‌in‌‌the‌‌Name‌‌text‌‌box.‌‌

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 From‌‌the‌‌Preset‌‌destination‌‌list‌‌box,‌‌choose‌‌an‌o
‌ utput‌‌destination‌‌for‌‌the‌
‌drawing:‌‌

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THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)

Since the invention of the internet we were introduced into what we call the World
Wide Web or the Web.

How Does the Web Work?

The web is a series of pages. Each webpage has a unique address which when
entered in to a web browser will take you directly to that page.

Most web addresses begin with the letters www (which stands for World Wide
Web).
For example, www.trem.org etc.

A group of related pages are referred to as a website and the address of all the
pages within that website will generally start with the same name. For example,
here is a list of pages on TREM website:

• www.trem.org
• www.trem.org/wordcelebration

What do I need to access the web?

There are a few items required to access the web:

• Computer (PC or Laptop) — if you are buying a computer make sure that it can be
connected to a wireless network.

• Internet Connection— you will need to pay to get a connection in your house
which will allow you to access the internet. This service is provided by an ISP
(Internet Service provider) and is normally available from companies such as your
telephone company, cable provider, and so on.

• Web browser — once you have an internet connection then you’ll need to have
an internet browser on your computer. This browser allows you to browse
websites. There are a variety of browsers available but the most popular are:

• Internet Explorer or IE (from Microsoft)

• Firefox (from Mozilla)
• Safari (from Apple)
• Chrome (from Google)

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THE NEED FOR MOBILE WEBSITES

Because of the physical size of the screen on your phone, when you view a website
on your mobile phone it’s much harder to read a lot of content and see some of the
graphics. For example, it is likely that somebody on a mobile looking up
information on a hotel won’t want to read a lot of information on their mobile.

Instead they want to see a cut-down version of the information available from the
main website. So you may provide a mobile specific version of the website that
allows people to easily access information such as a booking facility, contact details
and getting directions.

Your requirements as a mobile user will generally be different than a web user so
ideally the mobile version of the site caters for this.

So, from a mobile point of view you can still use the same browser and have the
same functionality in the browser but the website may be different and/or harder
to navigate and use if it’s not designed specifically for the mobile device.

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Introduction to Social Media and the Web

Social media is really how the web has evolved. Initially people set up websites and
used them to broadcast information. Your website was basically a copy of your
brochure online. Web users are now a little bit bored with these types of websites
and want to interact more online.

So many websites have now sprung up that enable this interaction. These are
referred to as “social networks” and are basically websites that allow people to
communicate and interact online. The most widely used and well known social
network is Facebook.

Summary: The web is becoming increasingly important for businesses and it’s the
first place people go to when they are researching for information about their
upcoming holiday.

It’s very important to have a strong web presence but that doesn’t necessarily
mean having a website and/or spending

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