CHAPTER – 4 GRAPHS AND CHARTS FOR BUSINESS DATA

Prepared by: SAKKEER KK

Nanminda Hss
A graph is a pictorial representation of data which has at least two dimensional relationship.
A graph has at least two axes X and Y . X axis usually horizontal and while Y axis is
vertical.
TYPES OF GRAPHS AND CHARTS
In LibreOffice Calc there are various types of charts.
➢ Column chart.
➢ Bar chart.
➢ Line chart / Graph.
➢ Pie chart.
• Normal Pie chart.
• Exploded Pie chart.
• Donut / Doughnut chart.
• Exploded Donut chart.
➢ Area chart.
➢ Scatter chart.
➢ Radar chart.
COLUMN CHART
Column charts are used to compare values across categories. Categories are displayed
horizontally and values are displayed vertically. IT is used to compare one or more data
series.

BAR CHART
It is similar to column chart and used to compare multiple values. Data series are
displayed horizontally.

LINE CHART / GRAPH

It is used to display trends over a time period. It shows data changes for a period of time.

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 PIE CHART

It displays contribution of each value to a total. It contain only one data series.
Normal Pie chart:

It shows sectors as coloured areas of the total pie for one data column only

TOTAL SALES

Exploded Pie chart:

It is a kind of pie chart in which one or several slices are separated from the other. In
this, highlighted portions are more visible.

Donut / Daughnut Chart:

It has a hole in the middle and it can display more than one series of data. Doughnut
chart display data in rings. Here each rings represent a data series.

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Exploded Donut / Daughnut Chart:

It is a doughnut chart with all slices exploded (separated).

AREA CHART

An area chart is a line chart with the areas below the lines filled with colours. It shows
values as points on ‘Y’ axis and categories on ‘X’ axis. The values of each data series are
connected by a line.

SCATTER CHART / XY CHART

It is used to show the relationship between two variables. In ‘XY’ chart both axes display
values. It is commonly used for scientific, statistical and engineering data.

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 RADAR CHART

A radar chart is a two dimensional chart showing three or more variables in the form of a
cobweb (spider net). It has a separate axis for each variables. It is also called net chart, web
chart, spider chart, star chart, polar chart etc....

FRUIT SALES

STEPS TO CREATE GRAPH / CHART

Step 1:
Open LibreOffice Calc:

Application Office LibreOffice Calc.

Step 2:

Enter the data in to spread sheet.

Step 3:
Data Selection:

Select the data area to be shown in the chart.

Step 4:
Plotting the chart:

Insert Chart Chart Type Finish

PROCEDURE FOR PLOTTING THE CHART

a) Chart Type:
Here we can select the desired chart type.
b) Data Range:
It is used to select and change the data ranges and axes labels.
c) Data series:
Here we can add a new data series to an existing chart or remove existing data series
in edit mode.
d) Chart Element:
The tittle of chart, legend and grid settings are available on this page.

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 ELEMENTS OF A CHART / GRAPH

1) Chart Area:
The entire area of a chart which includes labels, data, axis etc.....
2) Plot Area:
It is the area in which chart is plotted. It is also called Chart Wall.
3) Chart Floor:
It is the lower area on which the data points are placed.
4) Chart main tittle:
It is the heading at the top of the chart.
5) Chart sub tittle:
It identifies the purpose of the chart.
6) X Axis:
Horizontal axis in a chart. It is also called Category axis.
7) Y Axis:
Vertical axis in a chart. It is also called Value axis.
8) Z Axis:
It is found only in 3D chart. It shows the depth.
9) Axis Tittle:
It is the name or tittle of X and Y axis.
10) Data points:
It is an individual value plotted in a chart. That may be a bar in bar chart, a pie in a
pie chart, or a line in a line chart.
11) Data series:
A set of data points in same colours or pattern.
12) Legend:
It is the indicator of data items. It may shown in colours or symbols.
13) Data Label:
The value of data series plotted in the chart. It provides additional information about
the data.
14) Grid lines:
These are the Vertical and Horizontal lines that appear in the chart.

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 FORMATTING OF CHART
The format menu is used for making changes in the chart. To get format menu Double click
on the chart and select format option.
Double click on chart Format (select desired option)
Following changes can be made in a chart with the help of Format menu.
Formatting choices in Chart / Graph:
➢ Format selection.
➢ Position and Size.
➢ Title.
➢ Legend.
➢ Axis.
➢ Grid.
➢ Chart Type.
➢ Data Range.
➢ 3D View.
MOVING CHART ELEMENTS
1) Double click the chart.
2) Click on any elements (Tittle, Legend etc..)
3) Click and drag the element to be moved to the desires location.
CHANGING CHART TYPE
 Double click on the chart.
 Format Chart Type.
 Choose chart type.
 Click OK
RESIZING AND MOVING CHART / GRAPH
➢ To Resize:
Click once on the chart and drag the handles on the boarder.
➢ To Move the Chart:
Click once on the chart and drag to new location and relies the mouse.

2D Charts Vs 3 Charts
1) The term 2D and 3D are used to indicate dimensions.
2) 2D stand for Two- Dimensional and 3D stands for Three- Dimensional.
3) 2D chart contains Two axis X and Y but 3D chart have Three axis X, Y and Z.
X Axis- Horizontal
Y Axis- Vertical
Z Axis- Depth.
ADVANTAGES OF CHARTS AND GRAPHS.
1) Create Visual Appeal.
2) Read the Data Easily.
3) Analyse and Interact the Data Quickly.
4) Know Trends Easily.
5) Grasp the Data Quickly.
6) Present Huge Volume of Data Within Limited space.
7) Quick Decision making.
8) Illiterate Audience.
9) Less Effort and Time.
10)Less Error.
Prepared by: SAKKEER KK
Nanminda Hss.