Chapter 3

Data Management: Data,

Databases and Warehousing

Information Technology For Management 6th Edition

Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
Lecture Slides by L. Beaubien, Providence College

John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 3 1
Learning Objectives

 Recognize the importance of data, managerial

issues, and life cycle

 Describe sources of data, collection, and quality

 Describe DMS

 Describe Data Warehousing and Analytical

Processing

 Describe DBMS (benefits and issues)

Chapter 3 2
Learning Objectives (Continued)

 Understand conceptual, logical, and physical

data

 Understand ERD

 The importance of Marketing

 The Internet and Data Management

Chapter 3 3
Data Life Cycle Process

Chapter 3 4
Data Management : A Critical
Success Factor
 Corporate data are key strategic assets and so
managing data quality is vital to organization.
 Dirty data can result in poor business decissions, poor
costumer service and inadequate product design
 The foundation of data management has four building
blocks :
 Data profiling – understanding the data
 Data quality management – improving the quality of data
 Data integration – combining similar data from multiple sources
 Data augmentation – improving the value of the data

Chapter 3 5
Data Problems and Difficulties

The amount of data increases

exponentially with time
Data are scattered througout organizations
and are collected by many individuals
using several methods and devices.
Data security, quality, integrity and validity
Data redundant and often out-of-date

Chapter 3 6
Solutions To Managing Data
 Organizing data in a hierarchical format in one
location
 Relational database based on organization of
data in rows and columns, were added to
facilitate end-user computing and decision
support.
 Improving data management with
Datawarehouse (impact of client server,
concurrancy, web technology)

Chapter 3 7
 Transactional vs. Analytical Data
Processing
 Transactional processing takes place in operational
systems (TPS) that provide the organization with the
capability to perform business transactions and produce
transaction reports. The data are organized mainly in a
hierarchical structure and are centrally processed. This is
done primarily for fast and efficient processing of routine,
repetitive data.

 Supplementary activity to transaction processing is

called analytical processing, which involves the analysis
of accumulated data. Analytical processing, sometimes
referred to as business intelligence, includes data mining,
decision support systems (DSS), querying, and other
analysis activities. These analyses place strategic
information in the hands of decision makers to enhance
productivity and make better decisions, leading to greater
competitive advantage.
Chapter 3 8
Data Problems and Possible
Solutions
Problems Typical Cause Possible Solutions
Incorrect Bad data Entry Automated data entry, scanning systems
data for data entry, web forms for individuals
entering data with drop-down menu and
radio button
Redundant Poor database Redesign the data model, normalize the
data design relational database
Stolen data Poor security Take appropriate security measures
Irrelevant Wrong data Collect data that are apropriate for the
data collected task and avoid related data that are not
relevant
Missing Required data Generate and enter data needed for use
data Never existed

Chapter 3 9
Document Management
 The automated control of electronic documents, page
images, spreadsheets, voice word processing
documents and other complex document through their
entire life cycle within an organization, from initial
creation to final archiving.
 The major tools of document management are workflow
software, authoring tools, scanners, and databases.
 Document management System (DMS) provide decision
makers with information in an electronic format and
usually include computerized imaging system that can
result in substantial savings.

Chapter 3 10
Hierarchy of Data

Chapter 3 11
File management

Bit
Byte
Field
Record (attribute)
File
Database
Primary key, Secondary keys, Foreign key

Chapter 3 12
Acccesing Records Form Computer
Files
 Sequential File Org.
 Data record must be
retrieved in the same phisical
sequence in which they are
stored
 Index sequential access
method

 Direct or random File Org.

 Usercan retrieve records in
any sequence, without regard
to actual phisical order on the
storage medium
 Direct file access method
Chapter 3 13
Problems Of Management File
System
Data Redundancy
Data Inconsistency
Data Isolation
Data integrity

Chapter 3 14
Databases

A Database is an organized logical

grouping of related files.
Type of Database :
Centralized Database
Distributed Database
Replicated Database
Partioned database

Chapter 3 15
Database Management System
(DBMS)
 The programs that provides access to database
 Advatages and capabilities of DBMS
 Persistence
 Query ability
 Concurrency
 Backup and replication
 Rule enforcement
 Security
 Computation
 Change and access logging
 Automated optimization

Chapter 3 16
Forms for Modeling Data (ERD)

 Entities

 Attributes

 Relations

Chapter 3 17
Hierarchy of Data (cont’d)

Chapter 3 18
The Data Warehouse & Data Management

Chapter 3 19
Web-based Data Management
Systems – content and information

Chapter 3 20
 Managerial Issues

Cost-benefit issues and justification

Where to store data physically

Legal issues

Internal or external?

Data Delivery

Chapter 3 21
Managerial Issues (Continued)
Disaster recovery

Data security and ethics

Ethics: Paying for use of data

Privacy

Legacy Data

Chapter 3 22
Chapter 3

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Chapter 3 23