Activity 7

Objective: To sketch the graphs of a and log,x, a > 0, a 1 and to examine that they are mirror images
of each other.

Pre-requisite knowledge : Knowledge of exponential functions and logarithm functions and their properties.
Materials required : Drawing board, drawing pins, thin wires, sketch pens, gluestick, a plane mirror, graph
paper,
Procedure :

1. On the drawing board, fix a graph paper with gluestick.

2. On it, draw the co-ordinate axes X'OX and YOY. And mark graduations on the both the axes, as
shown in figure 7.1.
3. Find some ordered pairs satisfying y = a.
For a (take a = 2) and find the ordered pairs (2) for different values of x. The values may be
tabulated as below :

0 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3 4 -4
2x 1 2 0.5 4 0.25 8 0.125 16 0.0625

4. Plot the points (0, 1), (1, 2), (-1, 0.5), (2, 4), (-2, 0.25), (3, 8), (-3, 0.125),. (4, 16), (4, 0.0625) on
the graph paper and fix a drawing pin at each point.
5. Join the bases of drawing pins with a thin wire by a free hand curve. Thus curve gives the graph
of 2x.

6. Find some ordered pairs satisfying y = log,x. If y = log, x then x = 2Y,

7. Find the ordered pairs (x, 2) for different values of y. The values may be tabulated as below :
X 1 2 0.5 4 0.25 8 0.125 16 0.0625
1 -1 2 -2 3
log,x -3 4 -4

8. Plot the points (1, 0), (2, 1), (0.5, -1). (4, 2). (0.25, -2). (8, 3). (0.125, -3). (16, 4) and (0.0625, 4)
on the graph paper and fix a drawing pin at each point.
9 Join the bases of drawing pins with a thin wire by afree hand curve.
This curve gives the graph of log, X.
10. Draw the graph of line y = x on the sheet.
11. Place a mirror along the wire representing y = x.
Observations
1. From figure 7.1, we observe that :
(i) The image of the point (1, 2) on the graph of y = 2* in the line y= x is (2, 1). (2, 1) lies on the
graph of y = log,x
19
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