Electricity

Previous Year Question

1. Name the instrument used to detect the presence of a current in a circuit.
2. Should the resistance of a voltmeter be low, or high? Give reason to justify your
answer.
3. Mention the condition under which a current can flow in a conductor.
4. Write the function of voltmeter in a n electric circuit.
5. Why does the cord of an electric oven not glow while its heating element does?
6. State Ohm’s law. List two factors on which the resistance of a cylindrical conductor
at a given temperature depends. A wire was drawn into a wire of double its length
by melting it. If the resistance of the old wire was R, what is the resistance of the
new wire?
7. (i) Write the formula for finding the value of the equivalent resistance of three
resistors of resistance R1, R2 and R3, when the resistors are connected in
(a) series and (b) parallel.
(ii) List two advantage of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the source of
electricity instead of connecting them in series.
8. (i) How is electric current related to the potential difference across the terminals of
a conductor?
Draw a labelled circuit diagram to verify this relationship.
(ii) Why should an ammeter have low resistance?
(iii) Two V-I graphs A and B for series and parallel combinations of two resistors are
as shown. Giving reason state which graph shows (a) series, (b) parallel
combination of the resistors.

B
V

9. (i) State Ohm’s law.

(ii) Name and define the physical quantity determined by the slope of V-I curve given
in the diagram. Use this graph to find the value of this physical quantity in SI
units.
(iii) Establish the relationship between 1 kWh and 1 J.
10. (i) List the factors on which the resistance of a uniform cylindrical conductors of a
given material depends.
(ii) The resistance of a wire is 10Ω and radius is 0.01 cm. If the resistivity of the wire is
50 × 10-8 Ω-m, find the length of this wire.
11. (i) In the following figure, three cylindrical conductors A, B and C are shown along
with their lengths and areas of cross-section.

If these three conductors are made of the same material and RA, RB and RC be their
respective resistances, then find
𝑅𝐴 𝑅𝐴
(a) and (b)
𝑅𝐵 𝑅𝐶

(ii) If the conductor A is made of copper and the conductor C is made of constantan
(alloy of copper and nickel), then which one of the two will have more electrical
resistance and why?
12. (i) Three resistors 𝑅1 , 𝑅2 and 𝑅3 are connected in parallel and the combination is
connected to a battery, an ammeter, a voltmeter and a key. Draw suitable circuit
voltmeter and a key. Draw suitable circuit diagram to show the arrangement of
these circuit components along with the direction of current flowing.
(ii) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the following network

13. (i) Write the formula for determining the equivalent resistance between A and B of
the two combinations (I) and (II) of three resistors 𝑅1 , 𝑅2 and 𝑅3 arranged as follows

(ii) If the equivalent resistance of the arrangements (I) and (II) are 𝑅𝑆 and 𝑅𝑃
respectively, then which one of the following V-I graphs is correctly labelled?
Justify your answer.
14. (i) State Joule’s law of heating. Express it mathematically when an appliance of
resistance R is connected to a source of voltage V and the current 𝐼 flows through
the appliance for a time 𝑡.
(ii) A 5 Ω resistor is connected across a battery of 6 V. Calculate the energy that
dissipates as heat in 10 s.
15. Study the following circuit and find

(i) effective resistance of the circuit.

(ii) current drawn from the battery.
(iii) potential difference across the 5Ω resistor.
16. (i) Draw a labelled circuit diagram of the circuit used to show the variation of
potential difference across the ends of a resistor with current flowing through it. If
you use this circuit, what relation would you find between the voltmeter reading, V
and the ammeter reading, 𝐼?
(ii) A wire of given material having length 𝑙 and area of cross-section A has a
resistance of 4Ω. Find the resistance of another wire of the same material having
𝑙
length 2 and area of cross-section 2A.

17. A 𝑉 − 𝐼 graph for a nichrome wire is given below. What do you infer from this
graph? Draw a labelled circuit diagram to obtain such a graph.

18. Calculate the equivalent resistance of the following electric circuit

19. (i) Write the mathematical expression for Joule’s law of heating.
(ii) Compute the heat generated while transferring 96000 C if charge in 2 hr through a
potential difference of 40V.
20. In the experiment to study the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference
(V) across a resistor, a student obtained a graph as shown.
(i) What does the graph depict about the dependence of current on the potential
difference?
(ii) Find the current that flows through the resistor when the potential difference
across it is 2.5 V.

21. (i) List two disadvantages of using a series circuit in homes.

(ii) Calculate the effective resistance between A and B in the circuit given below.

22. (i) Derive the relation for the equivalent resistance when three resistors of
resistances 𝑅1 , 𝑅2 and 𝑅3 are connected in parallel.
(ii) Find the minimum resistance that can be made using four resistors, each of 20Ω,
are connected in parallel.
23. (i) In a given ammeter, a student saw that needle indicates 12th division in
ammeter while performing an experiment to verify Ohm’s law. If ammeter has 10
divisions between 0 to 0.5 A, then what is the ammeter reading corresponding to
12th division?
(ii) How do you connect an ammeter and a voltmeter in an electric circuit?
24. In the circuit given below, the resistors 𝑅1 , 𝑅2 and 𝑅3 have the values 10 Ω, 20 Ω
and 30 Ω respectively, which have been connected to a battery of 12 V. Calculate
(i) the current through each resistor,
(ii) the total circuit resistance, and
(iii) the total current in the circuit.

25. (i) How will you infer with the help of an experiment that the same current flows
through every part of the circuit flows through every part of the circuit containing
three resistance in series connected to a battery?
(ii) Consider the given circuit and find the current flowing in the circuit and potential
difference across the 15 Ω resistor when the circuit is closed.

26. (i) Three resistors 𝑅1 , 𝑅2 and 𝑅3 are connected in parallel and the combination of
resistors are connected to a battery, ammeter, voltmeter and key. Draw suitable
diagram and obtain an expression for the equivalent resistance of the combination
of the resistors.
(ii) Calculate the equivalent resistance in the circuit given below.

27. (i) State whether the currents and potential difference in all the bulbs will be same
or different when in a circuit three bulbs of
(a) same wattage are connected in series.
(b) same wattage are connected in parallel.
(c) different wattage are connected in series.
(d) different wattage are connected in parallel.
(ii) Two identical resistor of 24 Ω each are connected to a battery of 6 V. Calculate the
ratio of the power consumed by the resulting combinations with (a) minimum
resistance and (b) maximum resistance.
28. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of six 2 V cells, a 6 Ω
resistor, a 12 Ω resistor and a 18 Ω resistor and a plug key all connected in series.
Calculate the following (when key is closed).
(i) Electric current flowing in the circuit.
(ii) Potential difference across 18 Ω resistor.
(iii) Electric power consumed in 18 Ω resistor.
29. Although electric kettle and electric toaster were used simultaneously in the
kitchen to prepare breakfast for the family, yet the two devices could work
efficiently due to fuse used in the electric circuit.
(i) What is a fuse? Write the material used in fuse wires. How is a fuse connected in an
electric circuit?
(ii) State the ratings of fuse used in electric circuits.
(iii) What is the function of a fuse? How does it perform its function?
(iv) A device uses 1 kW electric power when operated at 220 V. Calculate the rating of
the fuse to be used.
30. (i) Define power and state its SI unit.
(ii) A torch bulb is rated 5V and 500 mA. Calculate its
(a) power (b) resistances
1
(c) energy consumed when it is lighted for 2 2 hr.

31. A bulb is rated 40 W, 220 V. Find the current drawn by it, when it is connected to
a 220 V supply. Also find its resistance. If the given bulb is replaced by a bulb of
rating 25 W, 220 V, will there be any change in the value of current and
resistance? Justify your answer and determine the change.
32. (i) Define electric power. An electrical device of resistance R is connected across a
source of voltage V and draws a current 𝐼. Derive an expression for power in terms
of current and resistance.
(ii) Two electric bulbs rated 100 W, 220 V and 60 W, 220 V are connected in parallel to
an electric mains of 220 V. Find the current drawn by the bulbs from the mains.