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12 views4 pages

It Reviewer

Uploaded by

nilejones.o.munoz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Networking Concept

Network – extends the range of information pulses (Information as electrical impulses), allowing
them to travel to other computers
Computer Network – the interconnection of 2 or more computers. It is done to enable the
computers to communicate and share available resources.
APPLICATIONS
 Sharing of resources such as printers
 Sharing of expensive software’s and database
 Communication from one computer to another computer
 Exchange of data and information among users via network
 Sharing of information over geographically wide areas
USES
 Sharing information
 Sharing of hardware and software
 Reduced cost
 Improved security
 Centralized software managements
 Electronic mail
 Flexible access
 Increased speed
Host Devices Icons – a variety of networking icons are used to represent different parts of a
computer network.
Such as; Smartphone, Server, Tablet, Desktop Computer, Laptop Computer, Printer, Camera, IP
Phone, Scanner
INTERMEDIARY DEVICES
Switch – connects multiple devices to the network
Router – forwards traffic between networks
Wireless Router – connect multiple wireless devices to the network and may include a switch to
connect wired hosts
Access Point (AP) – connects to a wireless router and is used to extend the reach of a wireless
network
Modem – connects a home or small office to the internet
TYPES OF NETWORKS
1. Personal Area Network (PAN)
- Connects electronic devices within a user’s immediate area. The size of a PAN ranges
from a few centimeters to a few meters.
2. Local Area Network (LAN)
- A network designed to operate over a small physical area such as an office, factory, or
a group of buildings
- All machines are connected to a single cable because of LAN
- Easy to design and troubleshoot
- Exchange of information and sharing of resources becomes easy because of LAN
3. Virtual LAN’s (VLAN)
- Usually configured on switches by placing some interfaces into one broadcast domain
and some interfaces into another
4. Wireless LAN (WLAN)
5. Wireless Mesh Network (WMN)
6. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
7. Wide Area Network (WAN)
8. Virtual Private Network (VPN)
9. DSL, Cable Modems
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
1. Bus Topology
2. Ring Topology
3. STAR Topology
4. MESH Topology
5. TREE Topology
6. Hybrid Topology
Classification of Computers
We can classify computers through;
Size
Functionality
Data Handling
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SIZE
1. Microcomputer
- Small, low cost, single user digital computers
- A small and general-purpose computer
Small to Big
Tablet PC
Net Book
Laptop Computer
Desktop Computer
Other Computers;
Handle PC
Ultra Book
Game Console

2. Minicomputer
- More expensive than a microcomputer and also small and general-purpose computer,
it has more storage capacity and speed than a microcomputer.
- Designed to handle multiple users simultaneously
3. Mainframe
- Large Computer, process data at very high rates of speed
- Much more expensive than a microcomputer and minicomputer
- Designed to handle multiple users, and process vast amount of data quickly
- Measured in the millions of instructions per second
4. Super Computer
- Largest Computer
- Most powerful, most expensive, and the fastest
Uses of It
- Chemical Analysis in laboratory
- Space Exploration
- National Defense Agency
- National Weather Service
- Bio-Medical Research
- Design of many other machines
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTIONALITY
1. Servers
2. Workstation
3. Information Appliances
4. Embedded Computer
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF DATA HANDLING
1. Analog
2. Digital
3. Hybrid
Limitations of Computer
- It does not hold intelligence on its own
- IQ level is Zero
- Cannot take decisions on its own
- It lacks emotion
- It cannot perform anything outside the defined scope

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