Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
A medium Earth orbit is a satellite in orbit somewhere between 2,000 and 35,786
kilometres (1,243 and 22,236 mi) above the Earth's surface. MEO satellites are similar
to LEO satellites in functionality. MEO satellites are visible for much longer periods of
time than LEO satellites, usually between 2 and 8 hours. MEO satellites have a larger
coverage area than LEO satellites. A MEO satellite's longer duration of visibility and
wider footprint means fewer satellites are needed in a MEO network than a LEO
network. One disadvantage is that a MEO satellite's distance gives it a longer time delay
and weaker signal than a LEO satellite, although these limitations are not as severe as
those of a GEO satellite.
Like LEOs, these satellites do not maintain a stationary distance from the Earth. This is
in contrast to the geostationary orbit, where satellites are always 35,786 kilometres
(22,236 mi) from Earth.
Typically the orbit of a medium Earth orbit satellite is about 16,000 kilometres
(10,000 mi) above Earth.[30] In various patterns, these satellites make the trip around
Earth in anywhere from 2 to 8 hours.