Personality traits reflect people9s characteristic Rene Descartes- A French philosopher,

patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. mathematician, and considered the founder of
modern philosophy.
Openness The tendency to appreciate new art,
ideas, values, feelings, and behaviors. John Locke- philosopher and physician “ tabula
rasa or blank state “
Conscientiousness The tendency to be careful,
on-time for appointments, to follow rules, and David Hume- He was a Scottish philosopher and
to be hard working. also an empiricist.

Extraversion The tendency to be talkative, Sigmund Freud- well-known Australian

sociable, and to enjoy others; the tendency to psychologist and considered as the Father and
have a dominant style. Founder of Psychoanalysis.

Agreeableness The tendency to agree and go Id- is primarily based on the pleasure principle.
along with others rather than to assert one
Ego- structure that is primarily based on the
owns opinions and choices.
reality principle.
Neurotism The tendency to be frequently
Superego- primarily dependent on learning the
experience negative emotions such as anger,
difference between right and wrong.
worry, and sadness.
Gilbert Ryle- British analytical philosopher.
Self-concept tends to be more malleable when
people are younger and still going through the Immanuel Kant- a german philosopher made
process of self-discovery and identity formation. great contribution to the fields of metaphysics,
epistemology, and ethics.
Philosophy is defined as the study of knowledge
or wisdom from its Latin roots, philo (love) and Paul and Patricia Churchland- American
sophia (wisdom). philosopher interested in the fields of
philosophy of mind, philosophy of science,
Socrates- socratic method, a philosopher from
cognitive neurobiology etc.
Athens, Greece and said to have the greatest
influence on European thought. “Know Thyself” Maurice Merleau-Ponty- french philosopher
and phenomenologist.
The Reason enables human to think deeply,
make wise choices. Plato also called this as Sociology presents the self as a product of
divine essence. modern society.
The physical Appetite is the basic biological Anthropology is the study of humanity.
needs of human
George Herbert Mead and the Social Self-
spirit or passion is the basic emotions of Mead is an American philosopher, sociologist,
human. and psychologist.
Saint Augustine Preparatory-Game-Play
-last of the great ancient philosophers Generalized Other- other the person realizes
that people in society have cultural norms,
-characterized as Christianity’s first theologian.
beliefs and values.
Georg Simmuel- was a German sociologist, Carl Rogers is best known as the founder of
philosopher, and critic. client- centered therapy and the prominent
humanistic.
Urbanization is the process that moves people
from country to city living. experiential self- is a domain of self that
defined as felt experience of being.
Archeology- Focus on the study of the past and
how it may have contributed to the present private self consciousness system- is a portion
of self that verbally narrates what is happening
Biological Anthropology- Focus on how the
tries to make sense of what is going on.
human body adapts to the different earth
environments. public self- the domain of self that an individual
shows to the public, this interacts on how
Linguistic Anthropology- Focused on using
others see an individual.
language as means to discover a groups manner
Donald Winnicott was a pediatrician in London
Cultural Anthropology- focused in knowing
who studied Psychoanalysis with Melanie Klein.
what makes one group9s manner of living.
Albert Bandura is a psychologist and Professor
Symbols- these are the words, gestures,
Emeritus of Social Science in Psychology at
pictures or objects that have recognized or
Stanford University.
accepted meaning.
Individualism- is individual
Heroes- these are persons from the past or
present who have characteristics that are Collectivism- is not individual
important in culture.
Confucius- philosophy is known as humanistic
Rituals- participated by the group of people for social philosophy which focusses on human
the fulfillment of the desired objects beings and the society in general.

Value- considered to be the core of every Maturation is known as the completion of

culture growth of a genetic character.

Clifford Geertz was an Anthropology Professor Physical Characteristics are the defining traits or
at the University of Chicago. features of a person9s body.

Psychology is a scientific study of mental Puberty is a process occurring primarily in early

processes and human behavior. adolescence that triggers the rapid physical
changes.
The cognitive aspect of the self is known as self-
concept. Introspection and Self-reflection- Looking
inward is one of the simplest ways to achieve
Self-concept is defined as self-knowledge, a
self-knowledge.
cognitive structure that includes beliefs about
personality traits, physical characteristics. Self-Perception Theory- people can infer their
inner states by observing their own behavior.
William James is a well-known figure in
Psychology who is considered as the founder of Self-concept- includes the sum total of all
functionalism. beliefs that people have about themselves.
Personal Identity- is the concept a person has
about himself that develops over the years.

social constructionist approach- suggests that

beauty, weight, sexuality, do not simply result
from the collection of genes one inherited from
parents.

Essentialism means that bodies are defined

entirely by their biological make-up 3 bones,
muscles, hormones.

Body image is the mental representation one

creates, but it may or may not bear close
relation to how others actually see you.

Self-esteem is the overall evaluation that a

person has of himself