Scribd
Upload
8 views

Introduction (1 Page)

Uploaded by

anmolsharma8462
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Introduction (1 Page)

Uploaded by

anmolsharma8462
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

1.

Introduction (1 Page)
Kinetic and potential energy are fundamental concepts in physics that describe the
energy of motion and the energy stored due to position, respectively. This project
investigates how a bouncing ball behaves on different surfaces, focusing on energy
transformations and losses. Understanding these principles has practical
implications in sports, safety design, and materials science.

2. Theory (2 Pages)
2.1 Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy (KE) is defined as the energy of an object in motion and is

𝐾
calculated using the formula:

𝐸
=
1

𝑚
2

𝑣
2
KE=
2
1

mv
2

𝑚
Where

𝑣
m is mass and

v is velocity. As the ball drops, it accelerates due to gravity, resulting in an


increase in kinetic energy.

2.2 Potential Energy


Potential energy (PE) is the energy held by an object because of its position

𝑃
relative to other objects, defined as:

𝑚
=

𝑔
ℎ
PE=mgh

𝑔
Where

g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately


9.81

m/s
2
9.81m/s
2
) and
ℎ
h is height. When the ball is at its maximum height, it possesses maximum potential
energy.

3. Experimental Setup (2 Pages)


3.1 Materials
A standard rubber ball or tennis ball
Various surfaces (concrete, grass, wood, carpet)
Measuring tape
Stopwatch
Notebook for data recording
3.2 Methodology
Drop the ball from a fixed height of 1 meter.
Measure the height of the bounce and record it.
Repeat the drop for each surface multiple times to ensure accuracy.
4. Data Collection (2 Pages)
4.1 Surfaces Tested
Concrete: Hard, minimal energy absorption.
Grass: Softer, higher energy absorption.
Wood: Moderate bounce.
Carpet: Softest, lowest bounce.
4.2 Measurement Techniques
Using the measuring tape, drop the ball from the same height onto each surface and
measure the maximum rebound height. Repeat each trial at least three times for
accuracy.

5. Results (2 Pages)
5.1 Data Tables
Surface Drop Height (m) Rebound Height (m) PE (J) KE (J)
Concrete 1 0.8 9.81 3.14
Grass 1 0.5 9.81 1.22
Wood 1 0.6 9.81 2.35
Carpet 1 0.3 9.81 0.44
5.2 Graphs
Create bar graphs comparing the average rebound heights on each surface. Include
line graphs showing potential and kinetic energy changes.

6. Analysis (2 Pages)
6.1 Energy Loss/Gain
During each bounce, some energy is lost as sound, heat, or deformation of the ball
and surface. This project examines the energy loss by comparing initial potential
energy to rebound kinetic energy.

6.2 Comparison of Surfaces


Concrete provides the highest rebound due to minimal energy absorption, while
carpet absorbs most energy, resulting in the lowest rebound height. This difference
illustrates how surface properties impact energy dynamics.

7. Conclusion (1 Page)
This study highlights the significant impact of surface type on the kinetic and
potential energy of a bouncing ball. Understanding these principles aids in
applications ranging from sports equipment design to urban planning for safe play
areas.

8. References (1 Page)
Include textbooks, articles, and online resources that you used to gather
information for your project.
9. Appendix (if needed)
Additional graphs, raw data, or detailed calculations.

You might also like