Self-Maintaining Dependable Feeding System with Filtration, Temperature and

pH Level Monitoring of Nile Tilapia

A Research Project Presented to

EASTWOODS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.

San Ramon Dinalupihan, Bataan

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the curriculum of

Embedded System

By

Mr. Billy Jay S. Cruz

Ms. Jemmarie T. Adelan

Mr. Jhon Jhino Barreyro

Mr. Junior Basilio

Ms. Mackel Joy Malit

Ms. Trisha Mae G. Cabral

 June 2024

APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the College student of Computer

Engineering and Technology the robotics entitled Self-Maintaining Dependable

Feeding System with Filtration, Temperature and pH Level Monitoring of Nile

Tilapia submitted by Billy Jay S. Cruz, Jemmarie T. Adelan, Jhon Jhino Barreyro,

Junior Basilio, Mackel Joy Malit and Trisha Mae G. Cabral approved as presented.

Geoffry Canlas

Thesis Adviser

_______________ ________________

Member Member

Date: March 2024

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the TESDA

College Computer Engineering Technology.

Approved by:
 Mr. Geoffrey Canlas

Coordinator TESDA Department (Computer Engineering Technology)

THESIS ABSTRACT

Title : Self-Maintaining Dependable Feeding System with Filtration,

Temperature and pH Level Monitoring of Nile Tilapia of Eastwoods College of

Science and Technology (College Level) in Dinalupihan, Bataan

Researcher : Billy Jay S. Cruz, Jemmarie T. Adelan, Jhon Jhino Barreyro,

Junior Basilio, Mackel Joy Malit and Trisha Mae G. Cabral

Adviser : Mr. Renz Paulo Tumanguil

No. of Pages :

Year : 2024

Program : Computer Engineering Technology

This research serves as a proposal for the Self-Maintaining Dependable Feeding

System with Filtration, Temperature Sensor and pH Level Monitoring of Nile

Tilapia of Eastwoods College of Science and Technology (College Level) in

Dinalupihan, Bataan.
Proofreader; __________________

Initial Date: Final Date:

Formal Editor: __________________

Initial Date: Final Date:

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our deep gratitude to God for providing us with

the strength, knowledge, and necessary abilities to complete this research project.

Researchers thank Mr. Renz Paulo Tumanguil and Mr. Renz Paulo

Tumanguil, our instructors for their overwhelming guidance. Sincere thanks to the

librarian staff for allowing us to browse and read other relevant papers that could

help in the completion of our research. To our family’s obedient moral and

material support. Last but not the least, we want to thank the Almighty God who

gave us the ability, intelligence, and knowledge to conduct this system.

We are also very grateful to Eastwoods College of Science and

Technology for giving us the opportunity to study and learn here, also thanks to

TESDA for the financial assistance that aid us to buy the equipment that we need

for our studies.

 DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to my instructors, specially to Mr. Geoffrey Canlas and

Mr. Renz Paulo Tumanguil who aided me to with their guidance, proficiency and

their impactful advices all these helped me build up my abilities in terms of

academic knowledge. All your sincere way of teaching us students have

encouraged me to push all my limits in learning more.

I also dedicate this to my friends and classmates that have been with me

through the whole school year, I have a high regard of being with all of you. Here's

to the memories we've created and the journey ahead, bound together by friendship

and shared dreams. Thank you for being the extraordinary individuals you are.

Lastly, I dedicate this to my parents thank you for being my pillars of strength,

my cheerleaders, and my greatest supporters. This journey is as much yours as it is

mine, and I am forever grateful for your endless support and encouragement.

- Billy Jay S. Cruz

 DEDICATION

I dedicate this letter to my my professors specially to Mr. Geoffrey Canlas and

Mr. Renz Paulo Tumanguil who shared their full knowledge to us, your guidance,

mentorship, and expertise have played a pivotal role in shaping my academic

pursuits. Your passion for teaching and dedication to your students have inspired

me to strive for excellence.

To my classmates and friends, I am honored to journey alongside you, and I

am grateful for the privilege of sharing this chapter of our lives together. Here's to

the memories we've made, the challenges we've overcome, and the bright future

that awaits us.

Last but not the least to my parents, your sacrifices, endless encouragement,

and belief in my abilities have fueled my determination to reach this milestone.

Your unwavering support has been my greatest source of strength.

- Mackel Joy Malit

 DEDICATION

I would like to dedicate the success of our research to our parents for always

supporting us financially and emotionally, for not leaving our side whenever we face

hardships and when we feel like giving up, for giving us advice on what should we do,

each of our parents are part of the research success.

Lastly we would like to dedicate the success of this research study to our teachers, for

not giving up on cheering us and for encouraging us that we can do a lot. For always

giving us hope and for advising us that we should always think positive, to always think

that we can finish this research

- Ms. Jemmarie T. Adelan

 DEDICATION

My family, friends, and all those who helped make my project study

possible are the people to whom I dedicate this thesis project. I will always be

appreciative of everything they have done to support me throughout this.

This letter is also dedicated to my instructors, particularly Mr. Renz Paulo

Tumanguil and Mr. Geoffrey Canlas, who generously shared their vast expertise

with us. Their advice, experience, and mentorship have been extremely helpful in

guiding my academic goals. Your love of learning and commitment to your pupils

have motivated me to pursue greatness.

- Mr. Junior Basilio

 DEDICATION

I dedicate this letter to Sir Geoffrey Canlas and Sir Renz Paulo Tumanguil,

your mentorship has shaped not only my academic journey but also my personal

growth. Your innovative approach to teaching has sparked my curiosity and

encouraged me to think critically about the world around me. Your unwavering

support and encouragement have pushed me to reach new heights, and I am

thankful to have had the privilege of learning from you.

To my dear friends and classmates, thank you for the laughter, the

unwavering support through every challenge we've faced together. You've been my

pillars of strength, and I cherish the countless memories we've created over the

years.

- Trisha Mae G. Cabral

 DEDICATION

My dedication to our system project and my team is unwavering and deeply

rooted in respect and admiration for the incredible individuals I have had the

privilege to work alongside. To Sir Geoffrey Canlas and Sir Renz Paulo, your

leadership, guidance, and unwavering support have motivated us to strive for

excellence every step of the way. Your expertise and dedication have been

instrumental in shaping our project into a success.

To my team, your hard work, dedication, and teamwork have been the

driving force behind our project's progress and achievements. Each member's

unique skills and contributions have come together to create something truly

remarkable. I am grateful for the opportunity to collaborate with such talented and

passionate individuals.

Together, we have overcome challenges, celebrated victories, and

demonstrated the power of teamwork and determination. I am proud of what we

have accomplished together and look forward to the continued success of our

project. Thank you for your dedication, passion, and commitment to excellence."

- Jhon Jhino Barreyro

DEDICATION
 Table of Contents

Title ----------------------------------------------- i

Approval Sheet ----------------------------------------------- ii

Abstract ----------------------------------------------- iii

Acknowledgement ------------------------------------------ iv

Dedication ---------------------------------------------- v

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction ---------------------------------------------- 12

Background of the Study ------------------------------------- 14

Statement of the Problem ------------------------------------ 16

Conceptual Framework ------------------------------------ 17

Objective of the Study ------------------------------------ 18

Significance of the Study ------------------------------------ 19

Scope and Delimitation ------------------------------------ 20

Definition of Terms ------------------------------------ 22
 CHAPTER 1

The Problem and Its Background

INTRODUCTION

The Nile tilapia is the most popular, globally farmed tilapia species. It has

vertical black bands on the body and caudal or tail fin. The dorsal fin (or the fin on

the top part of the fish) has a black outline and the caudal fin has a red margin. Nile

tilapia is most preferred because it grows fast, is hardy, and well adapted for

farming in warm tropical countries like the Philippines. Nile tilapia comprises

about 70-80% of the world’s tilapia production. In the late 1990s, there were

several genetically improved strains or stocks of Nile tilapia that were developed in

the Philippines, for example, the Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT)

strain, Genetically Male Tilapia (GMT), Genomar Supreme Tilapia (GST) among

others.

The factors that affect tilapia production include water quality,

environmental conditions, broodstock management, and photoperiod. Aquaculture

systems can benefit from the recent development of advanced control strategies to

reduce operating costs and fish loss and increase growth production efficiency,

resulting in fish welfare and health. Monitoring the water quality and controlling

feeding are fundamental elements of balancing fish productivity and shaping the

fish growth process. Currently, most of the fish-feeding processes are conducted

manually in different phases and rely on time-consuming and challenging artificial

discrimination.
The researcher come up to a plan to create a device that can both monitor and

adjust the pond's water quality and the amount of feed that the tilapia consumes.

This monitoring system uses wireless sensors to measure temperature, pH, and

dissolved oxygen. The sensors wirelessly transfer the data to a receiving station

after measuring these parameters at predetermined intervals of time. The mobile

device serves as the primary monitoring platform for the processing, analysis, and

display of data. However, the sensor nodes serve as a remote platform for data

collecting and monitoring.

The creation of this study intends to improve both time management and

pond monitoring and feeding. By using automated methods to consistently monitor

the balanced quality of water in ponds, fish death can be avoided, resulting in a

high survivorship rate for Nile tilapia fry.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Self-maintaining tilapia fish system promote the use of setting up an indoor

aquarium for tilapia in the can be a viable option. According to (Poppick, 2018)it

requires less space compared to traditional fish ponds, making them suitable for

small-scale operations or urban settings where space is limited. Recirculating is a

closed system with some sort of filter and added aeration in order to increase the

number of fish you can keep in the space. The real environmental toll of big indoor

systems will depend on the capacity of local infrastructure, including the water

supply, Timmons says they isolate fish from the environment and remove most of

the waste from the water using recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), which are

akin to filtration systems in a household fish aquarium

Nile tilapia, scientifically known as Oreochromis niloticus, is indeed one of the

most commonly farmed fish species in the Philippines. Nile tilapia is a popular

choice for indoor aquaculture due to their fast growth rate and adaptability to

various environments and high market demands. It has vertical black bands on the

body and caudal or tail fin. Propagating and farming this fish requires little input

and the technology can be simple and easily adaptable by small-scale fish farmers.

Investors also find tilapia farming to be profitable because of its fairly low

investment cost and good feeding efficiency in lakes and ponds where natural food

are available. (Maria Rowena R, Romana-Eguia, Ruel V. Eguia, Rolando V.

Pakingking, Jr., 2020)

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The objective of this study is to conduct the self-maintaining dependable

feeding system at a positive rate. However, the proposed project has challenges

overcome. This study intents to answer the following questions:

1. How can the Self-Maintaining Dependable Feeding system be distinguished in

terms of:

a. Survival Rate?

b. Temperature?

c. Ammonia, Nitrate Content, pH Level?

d. Holding capacity?

2. How may the control system be distinguished in terms of:

a. Pump Capacity and Flow rate

b. Feeding System

3. What will be the effectivity of the system in terms of:

a. Monitoring accuracy?

b. Differences in controlled parameters?

 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Water Parameters such

as:
- Temperature
- pH Level
- Ammonia,
Nitrate, Nitrite
2. Fresh Water

1. Controlling of water
temperature 1. Temperature
ranges
2. Monitoring of water
1. Temperature
parameters using
ranges
Arduino and sensors such
as: 25°-30°
- pH Level
- Ammonia, Nitrate, 2. Display of
water
Nitrite
parameters
3. Storing of mentioned using LCD
water parameters values
at GSM Module and 3. Filtered fresh
Arduino
water
4. Continuous water
looping with filtration
tank using transfer
pump
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The general purpose of the study is to construct a Self-Maintaining

Dependable Feeding system that will provide the aspiring fish farmers to have a

convenient way of keeping and maintaining a Nile Tilapia or Oreochromis niloticus.

This project aims to:

1. Construct a system that can:

a. To create a system that can maintain at least 80% for survival rate of fry nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus).

b. Maintain at a minimum of 24 to 29 degree Celsius of the water

c. Maintain at least 5.5 to 9.0 ppm of pH level

d. Hold at least 80 nile tilapia fry

2. Develop a system that acquires the following for its control system:

a. A submersible water pump that can deliver water from a height of 1.55 meters and

provide an equal flow rate between the water pump and the gravity filtration.

b. Automatic supply of food for 3 times a day.

3. To create an effective system that:

a. Shows accurate readings of parameters of temperature and pH level

b. Develops a progressive system for the growth and survival of nile tilapias with the

composed parameters.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Small scale Nile tilapia farmers, they can benefit to this study because this

project aims to provide intensive farming for farmers who only have indoor facilities

and not ponds.

Business Sector, they may benefit in this study in a way that the success of the

project may encourage more investments for this kind of business. It takes significant

work and comprehension of the system's operation to set up the system initially.

Future researchers, they might make use of this research as a guide to develop or

enhance the application of sustainable energy. This work can be used as a reference

by future researchers and will provide them with additional information and ideas for

future development.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The focus of this study is to develop a self-sustaining fish tank. The specific

specie of tilapia we will be utilizing is the Nile tilapia or Oreochromis niloticus which

lives in a freshwater. The other type of tilapias is not included in this study due to the

fact that some species of tilapia is a seawater habitant which is much difficult to

contain in an indoor aquarium, because of the strict salinity needed for them to

survive. Also fry size Nile tilapias will be the start for the project as they are

recommended size for fish tank farming.

The self-maintaining dependable feeding tank will be conducted within 45-50

days containing Nile tilapia fry only. The span of time will determine the

sustainability of using self-maintaining farming for the tilapias. This will also be the

given time to conduct the monitoring of water parameters that have the ability to aid

the growth and survival of tilapia. The hatching and harvesting time are excluded in

this study.

The number of Nile tilapias fry are 80 pcs only. In this project a 0.7m x 0.6m

x 0.5m of tank will be used. Also, a heater will be placed in the tank to maintain a 24

– 29 degree Celsius this will be measured using the sensor placed in the tank. The

amount of dissolved oxygen will depend on the number of pressures that will be

inserted by the water and air pump. The tank will only have two categories of

filtration, first for the water filtration and then the other one for ammonia filtration.
 The monitoring system will only display real-time pH level, temperature

sensor and time of feeding in real-time monitoring the tank will have an LCD display

attached to it.

The electrical input for the fish tank will be from 220V rectified power

supply. It will be a 220VAC into 12V DC. The project will only depend on AC input,

if a power interruption occurred the system will also be powered off this challenge

will be put into the delimitation of this study.

The gain of this study will make a path for the further research on

aquaculture specifically in Nile tilapias, and may also be a constructive way of

farming different species of Tilapias.

 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Nile Tilapia - The Nile tilapia is a member of the cichlid and tilapia family. It

has a deep-bodied, compressed shape. This species is bronze to brownish-gray

dorsally and laterally, and white ventrically. It has a truncated caudal fin that has

many thin black bands and a pinkish-red posterior margin.

Self-Maintaining - the act or process of maintaining oneself or itself. Machines

capable of performing self-maintenance specially: the act or process of attending to

and caring for oneself. For a little self-maintenance at home, men should have a

small pair of scissors handy.

Filtration - the process in which solid particles in a liquid or gaseous fluid are

removed by the use of a filter medium that permits the fluid to pass through but

retains the solid particles

pH level - The pH level is a measure of how acidic or basic a substance is on a

scale of 0 to 14. pH is really a measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and

hydroxyl ions in the water.

 AC (Alternating Current) – is an electric current that periodically reverses

direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to direct

current, which flows only in one direction.

DC (Direct Current) – is an electric current that is unidirectional, so the flow

of charge is always in the same direction.

Arduino Uno – is an open source microcontroller board based on the

microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc and

initially released in 2010.

LCD ( Liquid Crystal Display) – is a type of flat panel display which

uses liquid crystals in its primary form of operation.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

In relevance to (Norman F. Sheppard, Anthony Guiseppi-Elie, 2014)

Given the importance of water as a common solvent and reactant, pH testing is

likely the most common test carried out in chemical laboratories. In its most

popular sense, pH refers to an aqueous solution's level of acidity or basicity.

Instruments that convert the chemical activity of the hydrogen ion into an

electronic signal, such as an electrical potential difference or a change in electrical

conductance, are used in the electrochemical measurement of pH. The glass

membrane electrode is the most common pH measurement technique. Alkali metal

oxides, alkali earth oxides, and silica are fused to create the hydrogen-ion-selective

glasses that are used to make pH indicator electrodes.

This literature helps us as the researchers to understand the problem of the fish

farmer in water issues/problems, pH level is very important because it affects the

chemical nature and biological function of subtances.

According to (Emmanuel Gbenga Dada, Ph.D.; Nnoli Chukwukelu

Theophine, B.Sc., 2018) Fish keeping as an aesthetic has evolved over time has

increased in favor among aquarium owners. In automatic Electromechanical fish

feeders are gadgets that can distributing fish food on a schedule. Them include

timing devices for measuring time and an activation switch or trigger for the

dispensing system that often uses a motor. In the to-controls the amount of food
 that is dispensed.as the motor moves back and forth based on the closing time and

food release period. Autonomous fish Fish owners might avoid doing the tedious

chore by using feeders. of feeding fish, and they're frequently useful when the

fisherman is either away or very busy. Every single owner must make certain that

there is adequate food in the container.

This literature gives us idea to make an automated fish feeding and monitoring

system.

As specified by (Dornelles Castro de Oliveira, Francisco De Assis da

Silva Júnior, Victor Matias de Souza, Bruno Pereira Gonçalves, 2019) In fish

farming, indicator monitoring is crucial to economic production; the more intensive

the production system, the more critical the monitoring needs to be. An exploratory

study was conducted as part of the technique to create a prototype utilizing an

Arduino and monitoring sensors, while bibliographic research was also conducted.

The objective was to create a system that helps manage fish farms by guaranteeing

the quality of production, the accuracy of data that is monitored, and financial

savings for the fish farmer. The project is less expensive to implement, offers more

convenience in managing fish ponds, and helps to reduce inputs used during

production, which increases the fish farmer's profit.

This literature is related to our thesis project cause it’s also a project that has

monitoring system.

In accordance with (Dipay, E. J. M. B., 2021) The suitable attribute of

the water monitoring system that must be improved to discourse the problems that I
 found out were: ph meter can make the process of water monitoring more enhance,

faster, easier and the whole research output was be successfully improved water

monitoring system that will help the research output to maintain the temperature of

the water. When it comes to the ratings of the respondents for the Automatic Water

Monitoring System for Tilapia Culture with Mobile Application were extremely

receivable when it comes in the field of proficiency, performance, ability to give a

good service and efficacy of this research output.

The appropriate feature of the water monitoring system that needs to be

improved in order to address the issues I discovered was that the ph meter could

make the water monitoring process more effective, quicker, and simpler.

Additionally, the entire research output was successfully improved with an

improved water monitoring system that will aid in maintaining the water's

temperature. Regarding competence, performance, ability to provide good service,

and efficacy of this study product, respondents gave the Automatic Water

Monitoring System for Tilapia Culture with Mobile Application very positive

evaluations.

Water monitoring is important to this thesis project. Temperature sensor and

pH level controller has a lot to do in this project because they are the primary

components for sensing the cleanliness and temperature of water for our culturing

tank.

In accordance with (El-Sayed G Khater, Samir A Ali, Waheed E

Mohamed, 2017) This work's primary goal is to investigate how water temperature

affects the survival, growth, and masculinization of Tilapia from the Nile. In order
 to do that, two studies investigating the impact of water temperatures (25°C and

30°C) were conducted. and 35°C), as well as lengths of time (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks),

on the male-tofatality ratio, weight, and mortality rate of Nile tilapia fries in the

initial trial. While the second experiment sought to assess the rate of sex-reversed

development and survival fry of tilapia that were obtained from the initial trial.

This literature has a lot to do with our project because the survival rate of the

Nile tilapia fingerlings is very important in this project, fingerlings survival rate is

high if the water is clean and it has sufficient dissolve oxygen.

Foreign Study

As claimed by (Fittrie M Pratiwy, Jun Kohbara, 2017) One of the most

significant species that is cultivated globally is the Nile tilapia, or Oreochromis

niloticus. By employing a self-feeding technique, the research seeks to elucidate

the eating characteristics of Nile tilapia, including their daily feeding routine. The

feeding pattern was tested in two rearing environments: one indoor treatment,

which included duplicate trials with two periods each, and one outdoor treatment,

which included natural conditions with a constant water temperature of 25°C and a

controlled light regime (LD 12:12). In Mie, Central Japan, the outdoor treatment

was done from the beginning of summer to the end of fall. In indoor treatments,

Nile tilapia's daily selffeeding behavior matched the specified photoperiod (24

hours) almost exactly.

 It can help to our prototype because we have also the automatic

feeding maintaining indoor for Nile tilapia which is included the pH level and

temperature monitoring.

As stated by (Asri Amri, Suhaila Sari, Amri Yusoff, Hazli Roslan,

Nabilah

Ibrahim, Siti Zarina Mohd Muji, 2022) In order to regulate and monitor PH, total

dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, water level, oxygen (ORP), and temperature

levels, a smart aquaponics system was the goal of this study. Using this

technology, the water quality is monitored all day long. The user can adjust the

water's composition or add more water as needed. Every sensor has a specific

function that helps to maintain the water's quality. For instance, pak choy is best at

a PH of 6.5, whereas tilapia can live lower 5.5. These studies aim to produce three

things: an aquaponic system specifically for pak choy and tilapia for indoor

environments; a monitoring system for the aquaponic system.

Our prototype also included the temperature sensor if it is cold or hot to

monitor the water temperature.

On the authority of (P D Karningsih, R Kusumawardani, N Syahroni, Y

Mulyadi and M S B M Saad, 2021) Fish feeding management is one of the main

issues in aquaculture. Aside from endangering the fish's health and growth,

improper feeding procedures can also have a detrimental effect on the environment

by contaminating too much food and, most critically, increase operating costs. This
study aims to provide a fish feeding management system for Institute Teknologi

Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya's

OceanFarmITS, an offshore aquaculture unit established by the Marine Research

Center. The OceanFarmITS experimental project has chosen to raise Tiger grouper,

one of the most popular fish for commercial purposes. The fish feeding

management systems consist of a fish feeder system and a feeding arrangement

that are specifically tailored to the needs of OceanFarmITS operations. An answer

to current feeding issues, such as the inefficiency of manual or conventional

feeding, is an automatic fish feeder.

This study helps us to make an automatic feeding system which only

limited or should be fed enough and should also be at the right time to feed the Nile

tilapia.

In accordance with (T. Joseph, S. Naik, A. Shaikh, W. Pereira, B.

Ingle and Y. S. Rao, 2019) As to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO),

India is the second largest country in the world when it comes to aquaculture

production. However, the general population is not well-versed in the aquaculture

industry and it is still relatively obscure. In artificially constructed tanks and ponds,

high intensity farming with high population density accounts for a significant

amount of India's aquaculture output. Water factors, such as pH and dissolved

oxygen, can change significantly in these conditions in a matter of hours. If

corrective action is not done, the fish may perish and there will be a significant

loss. It is therefore essential to continuously monitor these crucial farm factors and

take appropriate action as necessary.

 Some of fisheries are manually feed to the fish ponds or lakes on the

other hand in our prototype is just for indoor automatic feeding and with pH level

monitoring to maintain the water and also the temperature.

In compliance with (Wong Jun Hong ,Norazanita Shamsuddin

,,Emeroylariffion Abas ,Rosyzie Anna Apong ,Zarifi Masri ,Hazwani

Suhaimi ,Stefan Herwig Gödeke, Muhammad Nafi Aqmal Noh, 2021) The

existence of water is important to human survival. It is constantly in demand due to

its wide range of applications. Large water reservoirs like lakes, streams, and the

ocean itself provide the majority of the world's water supply. In order to make sure

it is suitable for human consumption; it is therefore wise to keep an eye on its

quality. Currently, traditional labs are used for water quality testing, which takes a

lot of time and is prone to errors. This research so attempts to explore the viability

of putting in place an Arduino-based sensor system for water quality monitoring.

In our prototype we use Arduino this small computer is used as

the brain of the prototype that we have. It can be programmed to control the way

buttons, motors, switches, and other electronic parts work together.

Local Literature

As specified by (Maria Cizel U. Deroy, Aeus Joshua Espaldon,

Johanna Ericka F. Osa, Gian Paulo B. Macalla, Diogenes Armando D. Pascua,

2018) To help with feed distribution in aquaculture farming, the researchers

created an automated fish feeder robot with a feeding mechanism and a mechanical

floater assembly. Critical load checks and stability tests were finished, along with
calculations of data like the feeding capacity of the conveyor per unit of time, the

density of pellets dispersed in the cage, and per quadrant. Additionally, visual

testing for the prototype were carried out. The bucket conveyor, which moves the

pellets to be discharged at the outlet, was powered by an as long 12v JGB37-550

direct current (DC) motor. Conversely, the floater was propelled while traveling by

the Graupner 12V brushed motor-powered 3-blade commercial remote-controlled

(RC) boat propeller.

As for our prototype self-dependable fish tank, automatic feeding is

included. We used DS3231 module to set real time for servo motor to follow the

time of feeding.

As claimed by (A. D. M. Africa, J. C. C. A. Aguilar, C. M. S. Lim, P. A.

A. Pacheco and S. E. C. Rodrin, 2017) in the Philippines, tilapia are now raised in

fish ponds that are open to the elements. There is no automated way to measure

temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, or ammonia other than by hand with a

chemical test kit. The fish are at risk of hazardous conditions brought on by

dangerously high or low pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, or temperature because

the current system depends on human intervention to control the water quality. By

developing a system that automatically monitors and controls the pH, temperature,

dissolved oxygen, and ammonia, this study seeks to address that issue.

This Literature tells about the lack of ability to raised tilapia in traditional

fish ponds that are necessary we have to put in our tank.

 As stated by (Taculao, 2021) The name of a RAS arrangement comes

from the fact that the fish are kept in indoor tanks with continuously filtered and

reused water. The smallest amount of energy and water needed is maintained by

recirculating the water. The system has a high productivity rate, allowing for the

raising of more fish per cubic meter without making them feel crowded because

variables like climate and water movement can be regulated.

We used five filters to maintain the cleanliness of the water, through

the water pump it sucks the dirty water going to our DIY filtration and when the

water already filtered, it go back to the tank and reused.

As claimed by (Tahiluddin Albaris, Terzi Ertugrul, 2021) A notable

contributor to global fisheries is the Philippines. The Philippines was the 13th

largest fish-producing nation in the world and the fourth largest producer of

seaweed globally in 2018 with a total production of over 4.36 million MT from

three sectors: commercial, municipal, and aquaculture. The fishing industry

brought about US$1.6 billion in export revenue for the nation overall. Over two

million Filipinos depend on the Philippine fishery for their livelihood, and the

industry plays a vital role in the country's economy. An outline of Philippine

aquaculture and fisheries was the goal of this review.

Fish farming is in demand in the Philippine industry when it comes to

agriculture, we come up to an idea to build and indoor self dependable fish tank.

As maintained by (Dr. Consorcio S. Namoco, Maricel F. Gamolo-Dayaday,

2014) In farm settings, aquaculture is highly popular. Work in the aquaculture sector
increases rural employment, means of subsistence, and food security by producing

items such as tilapia, milkfish, seaweeds, oysters, mollusks, mussels, and shrimps.

This increases the productivity of the aquaculture sector. Aqua farmers do, however,

face a number of problems and worries that have an impact on their output. A review

of aqua farmers' current methods in water monitoring systems in a few chosen

Mindanao areas was done for this study. ( Development of a Mobile Based Water

Quality Monitoring and Control with Automated Feeding System, 2018)

This literature helps us to know the problems of the local farmers so we come

up to a project that will possibly help the local fish farmers.

Local Study

According to (Egnalig, Carl Jason and Jamero, Olzov and Tampong,

Abegail Praise and Bacarro, Robert and Dumaguit, Ferie Ann and Cañete, Larry

Angelo, 2022) Fish are abundant in Surigao City, which is located in Northeastern

Mindanao and faces the Pacific Ocean, although their prices are still expensive.

Because fishermen are still using old-fashioned fishpond techniques, there is a

restricted supply of freshwater fish, particularly Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus),

which is the cause of this predicament. In light of this, the purpose of this study is

to create and build an intelligent aquaponics system that integrates the technology

of recirculating aquaponics systems (RAS). Improving the market's supply of

tilapia is the goal. In order to do this, an effective aquaponics system has been

developed using a developmental research design. Two microcontrollers and a

number of sensors are used in the project to monitor vital signs like pH, TDS,

temperature, and water level.

 In compliance with (Hernandez, Maria Meriel E., Cdelino, Maria

Angelica E., Anasco, Ahlfrancis S., Cruz, Jhon Emerson S., 2020) The growth of

aquaculture is important and greatly contributes to the global economic system.

The marine farming sector of this kind is ideal for tropical nations. for example, the

Philippines. Among them is shrimp aquaculture, which provides small-scale

company a wealth of social, economic, and environmental advantages and places it

on a pedestal into stepping into a worldwide market. There are two types of shrimp

that contribute the most percentage. significant contribution to the aquaculture

sectors, the Litopenaeus and Penaeus

Monodon, sometimes known as "Sugpo," Whiteleg shrimps, also known as

vannamei. Nowadays, vannamei is preferred by many Filipino farmers because has

quicker growing rate in contrast to "sugpo". Vannamei, also known as Pacific

white leg shrimp, is widely known in Region III, particularly in the Bataan

province of Zambales.

According to (Romana-Eguia, Maria Rowena R. Laron, Manuel A.,

Catacutan, Mae R., 2014) Asia's tilapia output has benefited from the Philippines'

growing contribution. steadily during the previous five years in order to combat

poverty and hunger in the locality. The Philippines' tilapia aquaculture industry has

developed. As farmers have realized how important it is to implement cutting-edge

farming technology. Among these are the application of intense culture, utilizing

unique feed components, enhancing industrial aquafeed quality, implementing

cost-efficient pond fertilization techniques, effective feeding plans, and culture

enhanced gene variants.

We chose Nile tilapia specie because popular in the market for fast

growing and well adapted for farming in warm tropical countries like the

Philippines,

In line with (Balite, Earl Reniel R., Concepcion, Rosette G., Ojera,

Dorico B., Suarez, Camille DC., 2018) Feeding System Fishes need the proper

food sources to maintain a healthy, successful population. Often times in ponds, the

base of the food chain is lacking, limiting the available food for the pond’s smaller

fish. This has a negative impact on the larger fish that are relying on smaller fish to

grow and prosper.

Supplemental feeding is a great way to provide the needed food source to establish

and maintain a healthy fish community. Supplement feeding can be done by

stocking bait fish or providing manual or automatic feeding system.

Our prototype self dependable fish tank only for finger lings nile tilapia,

for our automatic feeding system we use grower as supplemental food.

As said by (Charlotte Palao, Glyda Aricon Marquez, Kenneth Ibasco,

Lady Claudette Ferrer and , 2020) Researchers have been working for many years

to enhance every aquaculture technology's maintenance system, including the

greatest concept. For sustainability and water management. The study's underlying

hypothesis is that the frequency of particular factors ponds and aquarium systems'

water quality is impacted by factors like pH and temperature. Utilizing this

 epistemology, the research suggests that a new filtration technique might be

created by combining five different existing filtration technologies. system that will

reduce the amount of work required to maintain freshwater ornamentals manually

seafood. The rationale for this concept is to select the greatest features of the

current filtration system design and remove traits that exacerbate the bad aspects.

We the researchers also used filters to maintain the quality of the water

such as ammonia filter, silica fine sand, silica coarse sand, sponge, rocks and

charcoal.

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CHAPTER III

DESIGN METHODOLOGY

DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

The researchers used the following components and equipment to build the Self-
Maintaining Dependable Feeding System with Filtration, Temperature Sensor and pH
Level Monitoring of Nile Tilapia like Arduino Uno, connecting wires like male to
male, female to male, female to female, pH Level Controller, Temperature Sensor,
LCD display, servo motor and etc. The researchers also used an modified aquarium
tank for the prototype so that the tilapia will fit on the tank and survive according to
the researchers want.

The researchers used Arduino Integrated Development Environment or Arduino IDE

so that the researchers can change the variables of the devices that used for this thesis
project.
DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT

Arduino UNO 1 PC

Connecting Wires (M to 1 SET

M)
Connecting Wires (M to 1 SET
F)
Connecting Wires (F to F) 1 SET

Ph Level Controller 1 PC

Temperature Sensor 1 PC

LCD Display 1 PC

Servo Motor 1 PC

Air Pump 1 PC

Water Pump 1 PC

Sand 1 kl

Modified Tank 1 SET

PVC pipe 1 SET

Drain valve 1 PC

Heater 1 PC

CR 2025 Lithium Battery 1 PC

PCB zero 1 PC
RTC DS1302 Module 1 PC

LIST OF MATERIALS USED

MATERIALS
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT
FLOW CHART
 CHAPTER 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

The increase in growth of fish farming/aquaculture has led to a lot of research

work in this field. Management of food delivered plays an important role here. The

purpose of this research is to reduce the manual work and save labor time through

making system automated. This is related to a system device which feeds the fishes

with predetermined amount of food at the decided time. The principle of the working

model is based on controlling the amount of food fed in the fish tank unit at different

intervals of time. The prototype which is a combination of mechanical and electrical

devices, uses the concept of step wise rotation of servomotor for giving precise

amount of food output in proper time thus, saving labor time. This helps in order to

get good spreading of food across the water body and by own it feeds the fishes after

a designated time, thereby making the system reliable and accurate.

CONCLUSION

It was observed that the motor rotate with delay of 6 hours. The delay could

also be extended to several hours as per the requirements. If this concept is

implemented on large scale than we can use in pond management, fish farming,

aquaculture etc. This automatic fish feeding and monitoring system can be used other

fish and not only for Nile Tilapia.

 To create an automatic fish feeder device is not an easy task. Plus, adding the

sensor for environment monitoring that is the water temperature is new to the

researchers. It requires a lot of research and reading. The researchers also have to

consider balancing the optimum cost with it practical usage as, in terms of marketing,

no customer will want to buy an overpriced product.

This will be a challenge to for the researchers, because with their limited

knowledge, the researcher do not know all the cheapest component that are available

in the market that fulfill the requirement and achieved the desirable result.

Researchers already did some literature review to get the idea on the component used

to make this device. Researchers also already have their design and also the initial

idea on how everything will be put together.

RECOMMENDATION

After conducting a series of test with the system, there are still points to

consider for further improvement of this Automated Fish Feeding and Monitoring

System.

In cases of total loss of source of electricity, it is advised to save a back-up

source of power like generator, solar panel, and battery that will act as primary source

of electricity in case of power interruption.

For the next researchers, It’ll be good if you how to use the GMS900 and

interface it with the Arduino and how to use the display connected to the phone.
 CHAPTER V

APPENDICES

PROJECT TITLE: SELF-MAINTAINING DEPENDABLE FEEDING

SYSTEM WITH FILTRATION, TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND PH

LEVEL MONITORING OF NILE TILAPIA FISH

I. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

This study aims to promote indoor farming for those farmers who lack

the capability of running a large scale fish pond and doesn’t have enough

time to monitor the Nile tilapia from time to time.

II. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Fish in cultured fish ponds can become weakened by lack of food,

stress cause by low quality of water and sudden changes of temperature, the

researchers come up to a plan to create a device that can both monitor and

adjust the pond's water quality and the amount of feed that the tilapia

consume.

III. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The self-maintaining dependable fish tank only for specific specie of

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus or Nile tilapia. This tank can contains 80 pieces

of small Nile tilapia that will be monitored by 45-50 days of span time.

IV. PROJECT COST OF THE STUDY

 The estimated cost of the proposed study is around P15,775.

V. EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION

The researchers that this project will be working properly before May 17, 2024.
PROGRESS REPORT

 March 13, 2024 – Is the initial step for the study to progress. The discussion

of the system is also presented during the first week of meeting of the

researchers. The meeting was held at the classroom in the school at the free

time of the students. After the brainstorming, the first chapter is also tackled at

the said time.

 MARCH 14, 2024 – Each researcher assigned to every part of chapter 1, and

started to make a dedication letter that was also included to chapter 1.

 March 15, 2024 – Mackel list down all the components needed to be ordered

in online..

 March 20, 2024 – Breadboard connecting jumper wires, first parcel arrived at

Mackel’s house.

 March 23, 2024 – Temperature sensor module kit arrived at Mackel’s house.

 March 24, 2024 - We, as researchers, met to search for a glass shop capable

of fulfilling our project needs. We searched for a glass shop that could

accommodate our project on a rush basis and within our budget. We found a

shop capable of producing our project with quality workmanship and fitting

perfectly within our budget. After completing our search for the glass shop, we

worked on Chapter 2 of the research. Each member searched for related

literature on various websites and paraphrased it. By the end of the day, we

had finished Chapter 2.

 March 25, 2024 - Our Arduino Uno and the aquarium heater arrived on

Mackel’s house.

 March 27, 2024 – The pH level controller arrived.

 March 30, 2024 - The LCD display arrived at Mackel’s house.

 April 05, 2024 – Mackel left the LCD display to the school guard due to

sudden emergency, so Basilio took it and brought it home.

 April 06, 2024 - Jem and Billy went to Basilio's house to reprogram the

components for their project, Trisha and Mackel didn't come because they

were sick but Billy, Basilio, and Jem finished reprogramming their

components.

 April 10, 2024 - The whole group spent their night in Little Baguio to put the

codes together, they finished putting it together and all the components

worked after they put their codes together.

 April 13, 2024 - Billy and Mackel took the tank from Orani because it was

finished, when they got it they took it to Chris's house and when Billy got

home he made the case to for the sensors to put in.

 April 15, 2024 - Today is school day and it's check day but we meant to be

late to pick up the tank from Chris’s house, when we got it, we went straight to

school so that Sir Geoff can check it, Sir Geoff didn't say anything else

because it's okay and he said that he met the 80% target.

 April 20,2024 – All members meet at Mackel’s house for another meeting and

Billy is started to create the code for components.

 April 21,2024 – Billy and Junior slept at Mackel house to continue the coding

and testing the other components if it’s still okay.

 April 25, 2024 – The girls are brainstorming to create Chapter 3 while the

boys are doing the the program and the lid of the case.

 April 26, 2024 – Today we test the water pump if there is a leak, and painted

the frame.
 April 29, 2024 – We create Chapter 4 and continue to test the working

components.

 May 03, 2024 – We install the wheels on the frame and we also put brace on

it.

 May 10, 2024 – We use PBC molding to shape the DIY feeding tray.

 May 13, 2024 – Put all together the components inside the case.

 May 17, 2024 – Another meeting at Mackel’s house for doing Chapter 5 and

fixing errors on code.

 May 20, 2024 – collect the filters needed for our tank.

 May 23, 2024 – after school we go the Mackel’s house, we place the filter in

the tank.

 May 24, 2024 – we do the unfinished papers that they have.

 May 25, 2024 – fixing the other wires in tank.

 May 28, 2024 –revising papers, reviewing and also testing all components if it

is working and compiling all chapters.

 May 29, 2024 – final testing in our prototype.

PHOTO DOCUMENTATION