IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.

0 speaking

NỬA ĐỀ MỚI – QUÍ 2/2023 (DÙNG HẾT THÁNG 12/2023)

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

(sẽ được cập nhật liên tục)

TOPIC 1. DESCRIBE AN OCCASION WHEN YOU SPENT TIME WITH A CHILD

Who the child was, what you did together

Why you did it
When you did it
How you felt
Well, I am a person with a very helpful nature, and I never miss any opportunity to
help people in need. Let me share one such experience here when I spent the whole day with
my cousin and helped him to overcome his depression. One day my aunt told me that he was
suffering from a lot of study pressure and even had nightmares. She was extremely worried
about that as he was just a 5 grader. I instantly came up with an idea to help him relax.
I took him out on a Sunday morning, and instead of taking him to coffee shops or
recreational parlors (tụ điểm giải trí) as usual, I took him to the pasture on the outskirts of
the city where he could enjoy the fresh air and the tranquility, or just take a break from his
normal hectic schedule.
Unlike all the crowded places inside the city, this pasture which is along the dyke is
literally a paradise for those who love to seek tranquility and peacefulness. This is mainly
because there are only herds of buffalos or sheep grazing when you come there.
I told him to just enjoy the air, the scents, the scenes of buffalos grazing grass or the
sounds of birds chirping, and the vegetation, and forget all about his homework or exam.
We spent the whole day there, just relaxing, eating some packed snacks, taking photos,
chatting and telling jokes. At the end of the day, he told me that maybe he was too stressed
about his coming exam to choose gifted students, but now as he realized that his health was
much more important, he would think less about it.
Realizing that her son’s situation was improved, my aunt kept saying thank you to me
but I said that I was happy to do that.
So, that was the time when I spent the whole day with my cousin.
PART 3

1 Should parents give the advice to help their kids decide what friends they make?

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

I think it really depends. On the one hand, parents should advise their kids on
friendships they make as it’s natural for parents to do their best to protect their kids from
bad influences as well as from unhealthy and possibly toxic relationships. On the other
hand, such advice can do more harm than good, creating anxiety or resentment as
children might feel like they are being controlled, and, as a result, breaking good parent-
child relationship. So, I’d say that everything depends on the child and the situation they
are in as, unluckily, there is no absolute answer to this question.

2 Do you think children should have a lot of toys?

Well, in my opinion, children can benefit from having a variety of toys available to
them. Actually, toys can help children learn new skills, foster their creativity and
imagination. Additionally, playing with toys can be a fun and enjoyable way for children to
spend time, especially when their parents are busy, which can help them reduce stress and
loneliness. However, it’s important for parents to carefully consider the number and the
types of toys for their children as too many toys can be overwhelming for them and it can
also cause a mess in their house. Also, too many toys can be a financial burden on families.

3 Do you think that parents should make decisions for their children?

To my mind, everything depends on a child’s maturity. If a decision is really crucial

but a child is still living in a world of fantasy and doesn’t clearly understand the rules of
real life, of course, parents should interfere and give their kids a hand. They can share
their experience with their children to help them avoid potential danger and learn to
realize the consequences of different decisions. But in case the child is mature enough to be
responsible for their choices, I guess parents should accept their choices. This way, they
will bring up a confident and independent child.

4 At what age can children make decisions on their own?

I’d say the answer may vary depending on certain circumstances. In other words,
children can make their decisions when they are ready to make choices without their
parents’ help and are able to understand the information, use it to weigh the pros and cons,
and can differentiate right from wrong. So, I’d say, that is not the thing that matters.

5 Are sweets a good thing to reward children?

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

In my opinion, rewarding children with sweets is not necessarily a good idea as it can
promote unhealthy eating habits and a dependence on sugary foods. While sweets can
be a tempting and easy reward, they are often high in calories, sugar, and fat, which
can lead to obesity, dental problems, and other health issues. Instead, parents and
caregivers can offer non-food rewards such as praise, quality time, or small gifts,
which can promote positive behavior without compromising children's health.
6 Do parents in your country spend a lot of time with their children?
In Vietnam, it is common for parents to spend a significant amount of time with their
children, particularly in their early years. Family is highly valued in Vietnamese
culture, and parents often prioritize spending time with their children over other
activities. Many parents also involve their children in household chores and other
daily activities as a way to bond and teach important life skills. However, as Vietnam's
economy has grown and more parents work outside the home, some families may
struggle to balance work and family time, leading to less time spent together

7 Why do children tend to be happier than adults?

Children tend to be happier than adults for several reasons. First, children have fewer
responsibilities and stresses than adults, and are generally more carefree and
spontaneous in their actions. They also tend to be more open-minded. Additionally,
children tend to live in the present moment and find joy in simple things, whereas
adults often worry about the past and future. Overall, children's natural curiosity,
creativity, and sense of wonder can lead to a greater sense of happiness and
contentment in life.

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

TOPIC 2. DESCRIBE A PERSON YOU KNOW WHO LIKES TO HELP OTHERS

Who the child was, what you did together

Why you did it
When you did it
How you felt
So, today I am going to talk about Mr. Huy, who has a heart made of gold. He is the
kind of person who is always willing to lend a hand to anyone in need.
Well, I have known him since my childhood. He is now in his early 60s, and he is
currently a doctor in a provincial general hospital (BV đa khoa tỉnh).
Well, he helps others whenever he has a chance, but usually, he helps needy people on
the weekends because at that time he is free from his work.
He helps individuals in different ways. He checks poor people’s health for free and
guides them on how to protect themselves from some diseases and lead a healthy
lifestyle (sống một lối sống lành mạnh). When sick people are too old to go to his clinic,
he volunteers to go to their houses to take care of their health, which is really moving and
inspiring (xúc động và truyền cảm hứng).
He also donates clothes, food, shoes, and other necessary things to poor people in
mountainous areas.
He also listens to my problems and gives me sound advice on many things, which
makes me feel the strong bond between us. So, it’s safe to say that Mr. Huy is a truly
remarkable person who embodies (là hiện thân của) the spirit of kindness and
generosity. I feel lucky to know him and am constantly inspired by his selflessness and
willingness to help others.

1 What can children help parents with?

Children can help parents in various ways depending on their age and abilities.
Younger children can help with simple tasks like picking up toys, setting the table, or
taking out the trash.

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

Older children can help with more complex tasks like cooking, cleaning, or doing
yard work. They can also help with technology-related tasks like setting up devices or
assisting with online tasks.
Additionally, children can offer emotional support to their parents, especially
during difficult times. They can listen to their parents, offer encouragement and
empathy, and provide a sense of comfort and security

2 Why do people do volunteer work? (FQ)

People volunteer for various reasons, but the most common motivations include
a desire to help others, a sense of personal fulfillment and satisfaction, and the
opportunity to make a positive impact in the community. Volunteering can also provide
opportunities to gain new skills, meet new people, and broaden one's horizons. Some
people may also volunteer as a way to give back to the community.
3 In your view, should children be taught to help others? (FQ)
Absolutely yes. Teaching children to help others is generally seen as a positive
value and an important aspect of character development. By teaching them to do so, we
can help children to appreciate the needs of others and develop a desire to make a
positive difference in the world. Teaching children to help others can also foster a
sense of community and encourage them to develop positive relationships with people
from all walks of life.
4 How do students, such as high-school students, help each other?
High school students can help each other in various ways, such as sharing notes,
explaining difficult concepts, and studying together for exams. They can also provide
emotional support to each other, particularly during stressful times like exams or
personal challenges. Additionally, high school students can work together on group
projects or extracurricular activities, which can foster teamwork, collaboration, and
leadership skills.
5 Do you think people nowadays should participate more in volunteering?
There is no doubt about it. Volunteering can have numerous benefits both for
individuals and society as a whole. By contributing time and effort to help people in
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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

need, people can make a meaningful difference in the lives of others and in their
communities. Additionally, volunteering can provide opportunities for personal growth,
skill development, and social connection. Therefore, the more people do voluntary
work, the better our society will become.

6 How can we encourage children to help others?

There are several ways to encourage children to help others. One way is to lead
by example and model the behavior you want to see in your child. Another way is to
provide children with opportunities to get involved in their community, such as through
volunteer programs, community service projects, or youth groups. Finally, it's
important to recognize and celebrate acts of kindness and generosity, as this can
reinforce the value of helping others and motivate children to continue doing so.
7 Who should teach children to help others, parents or teachers?
Both parents and teachers can play important roles in teaching children to help
others. While parents are often the first role models for their children, teachers can
provide opportunities for children to engage in community service projects, develop
leadership skills, and build relationships with people from different backgrounds. Both
have a role to play in teaching children to help others and encouraging them to make a
positive impact in their communities.
8 What are the benefits of children helping their parents?
There are numerous benefits of children helping their parents. By assisting with
household chores or other tasks, children can develop a sense of responsibility and
independence. They can also learn valuable life skills, such as cooking, cleaning, and
time management. Helping parents can also strengthen the bond between parent and
child, as it fosters a sense of teamwork and cooperation.
9 Why are some people willing to help others?
There are many reasons why some people are willing to help others. Some
people may be motivated by a sense of empathy and compassion, feeling a strong
connection to those who are in need. Additionally, some people may have had positive
experiences with being helped in the past, and wish to pay it forward by helping others.
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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

10 Do people in your country like helping others?

I’m proud to say yes. In Vietnam, helping others is a significant part of the cultural
values and traditions. It is considered an act of kindness and compassion, and many
people actively engage in charitable activities to assist those in need. Vietnamese
people often participate in community service projects, donate to charity organizations,
and volunteer their time to help others, particularly during times of crisis.

11 Why do some people not like to help others?

There could be various reasons why some people do not like to help others. Some may
have had negative experiences in the past, where their kindness was taken advantage
of, leading to a lack of trust in others. Additionally, some individuals may have a more
individualistic worldview, placing a higher value on their own needs and interests
rather than the needs of others

12 Some examples of jobs where people help others a lot?

There are several jobs where people help others frequently, such as healthcare
professionals like doctors, nurses, and therapists who provide medical treatment and
care for patients. Social workers and counselors also assist people with various
personal or emotional issues, while teachers guide and educate students toward
achieving their goals. Other examples include charity workers, volunteers, and
community service workers who provide support to people in need.

13 What personal qualities do these 'helpers' need to have, compared to average

people?

Helpers in professions such as healthcare, counseling, teaching, and emergency

response require several personal qualities beyond what is typical of average people.
These qualities include empathy, compassion, patience, and excellent communication
skills. Helpers must also have a strong sense of responsibility, which allows them to
provide quality service to those in need. They need to be able to work well under
pressure and handle complex situations while maintaining calm.
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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

TOPIC 3. DESCRIBE AN INVENTION THAT YOU THINK IS USEFUL TO PEOPLE

(các em chú ý, có bạn report đề là an invention that is useful to current life – thì đề fire
không còn phù hợp nữa vì nó nghiêng nhiều về quá khứ, mất gần nửa đề thành hơi lạc,
nên cô để 1 sample khác là the Internet nhé)

There are so many life-changing inventions in this world that it is hard for me to
choose one. However, the very first thing that spring to my mind is the Internet.

Needless to say, the Internet helps connects people from all around the world in just
a second. Whereas, in the past, it would take ages for us to send and receive messages from
someone, as mailing was the only means of communication back then. To be more
specific, the Internet has enabled us to send messages and make calls immediately.
Moreover, we can even communicate and work with people from different parts of the
world in form of virtual classrooms, meetings, and more. The Internet has also helped
turn a large world into a smaller virtual globe where people from different parts of the
Earth have a chance to be friends with each other.

It’s also worth mentioning the educational values that the Internet brings. In
case you have any questions, you can rely on the search engines such as Google to find the
answers. You can also easily find support from other people on forums and fan pages or
groups who are willing to help you to solve a difficult problem or share their knowledge
and experience.

Most importantly, the Internet has made it possible for people to have better
access to various sources of entertainment programs. In fact, we can literally do everything
with the help of the Internet from watching movies and listening to music to playing mobile
games. This is even better when we can use such features on the Internet without having to
pay fees.

In a nutshell, there is no doubt that the Internet plays a significant role in our
human being’s life, and it is hard to imagine the world back to the time without it.

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

Version 2

This topic reminds me of a history lesson that I had. The lesson introduces “fire” or
“how to make fire” as the most important invention of human beings. Fire remains as
important today as in the time of our ancient ancestors. There are a myriad of reasons for
this.

First, fire was a source of light, which gave ancient humans more time ‘coz they
could spend evening time doing meaningful activities rather than sleeping.

Second, fire provided them with heat and saved them from freezing cold
weather. They could protect themselves from dangerous wild animals with firing torches.

Also, fire allowed ancient humans to cook. That meant they no longer had to eat
raw meat. This improved their health and even made them more intelligent. And with fire,
humans overtook other species to become the dominator
(kẻ thống trị) of the planet.

Later, in the Medieval Times, fire allowed humans to create important tools
made of metals. It contributed to the formation of agriculture and civilizations. So, it’s
understandable that the God of fire is honored in every culture.

And, since the 18th and 19th century, fire, with oil as a representative, has been a
driving force (yếu tố thúc đẩy) for industrial development . Say, the energy from
burning oil powers machines and keeps vehicles running. So, it’s safe to say that fire is a
vital factor behind humans’ development and without it, modern society would not exist.
Of course, in the future, fire will still be a significant element in production and life.

Medieval Times (n): thời Trung cổ

What are the qualities of a scientist?

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IELTS speaking forecast samples - Ms. Thuy Vu (0372.611.655) – IELTS 8.0 overall/ 8.0 speaking

Well, to become a scientist, one needs curiosity, critical thinking, and a thirst for
knowledge. Scientists are also observant, persistent, and open-minded people. And
more importantly, they need strong analytical skills, and the ability to think out of the
box. And I can say that I’m not among them, unfortunately.
What do you think have been some of the most important inventions in the past 100
years or so?
It’s not difficult to pick out the answer. I can say it’s the internet. Since its appearance
in the 1960s and the 1970s, it has revolutionized the way humans communicate and
share information. The internet has transformed almost all aspects of our lives,
including business, education, entertainment, and social interaction. And I believe it
will continue to shape our society in the future.
What inventions do you hope to have in 20 years?
What an intriguing question. But I’m really concerned about the environment. And so,
in the next 2 decades, I expect humans will be able to harness an abundant source of
green energy, maybe by using advanced solar technologies or fusion reactors. Only by
doing so can we develop in a sustainable way, instead of choking the globe with
carbon emissions
harness (v): khai thác
fusion reactor (n): lò phản ứng nhiệt hạch
choke (v): gây nghẹt thở
Can you name any other inventions that have made a big impact on human society?
Certainly! One notable invention in human history is printing techniques, which
allowed knowledge to be widely spread via what we call “books”. And I’m thinking of
antibiotics and vaccines, which help humans fight against invisible enemies, and save
countless lives each year.
antibiotic (n): thuốc kháng sinh
What do you think makes an invention “useful”?
Well, an invention is considered "functional" when it addresses a specific need or
problem, providing practical solutions to existing issues or simplifying tasks.

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Additionally, a useful invention should be accessible to a large number of people and it

should also be user-friendly.
What new invention(s) would you like to be available in the future?
(các em tự trả lời: lĩnh vực công nghệ, y học, giao thông, giáo dục, môi trường,..)
What are some examples of electronic or electrical equipment that are used
in schools (in classrooms)?
There are several examples of electronic or electrical equipment commonly used in
classrooms in schools. One such example is interactive whiteboards or smart boards,
which allow teachers to display information and media from a computer and interact
with it using a digital pen or touch controls. Another example is projectors, which can
display images and videos on a large screen or wall for the entire class to see.
Additionally, computers, laptops, and tablets are often used for educational purposes,
such as research, writing, and multimedia presentations.
What kinds of new technology connected to health do you think might
appear in future?
I have to admit that this is not an area of my interest, but I’m thinking of smartwatches
and fitness trackers that can monitor a person's health and fitness levels. Another
emerging technology is telemedicine, which uses video conferencing and other
communication tools to allow patients to receive medical advice and treatment
remotely. Overall, the future of health technology looks promising, with many exciting
developments on the horizon.

TOPIC 4. DESCRIBE A PIECE OF CLOTHING THAT YOU LIKE/ OFTEN WEAR

Of all the gifts I have received, the one I cherish the most is a hoodie jacket that my
best friend gave me on my 20th birthday.
About the jacket, it has a special design that makes it look like a huge “A” letter
and rather baggy (rộng). The outer layer is made of polyester, making it feel soft and
good on the skin while the inside layer is made of cotton, keeping me warm on freezing
winter days. It is light blue in color, giving me some sense of relaxation whenever I put it
on.

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Well, one interesting thing about the jacket is that it is two-sided. That means I can
evert (lộn trong ra ngoài) it and turn it into another jacket with a totally different color.
The inside is white and light orange, which makes me rather outstanding in the crowd.
The jacket is water-proof (không thấm nước), so, combined with the hood, it can
be a replacement for a raincoat in heavy rain and I can walk in a small rain without
getting wet. In short, it’s highly convenient.
Well, one thing I haven’t mentioned is that it’s decorated with a brown bear
embroidered on the chest and it looks extremely lovely. I put on the jacket rather frequently
because it’s rather easy to mix and match with other items like a shirt inside, a pair of
jeans and a pair of trainers. All of those points show how delicate my friend was when
choosing the present.
mix and match (v): phối đồ
VERSION 2

I would like to take this chance to describe a coat my besties gave me as a present on my 16th
birthday. I must say that it is really smart (gọn, đẹp) and exactly to my liking (đúng ý tôi).
The coat is made of cotton only and by a Vietnamese clothes brand (nhãn hiệu thời trang).
It is a knee length (dài tới khoeo chân) black coat, which was fashionable at that time. What
I like the most is that there are two deep side pockets, so in winter, I always put my hands
into those pockets to avoid the cold. Besides, I can button the coat (cài cúc áo) from top to
bottom and it’s also got a decorative waist belt (đai lưng trang trí).
I am so fond of this coat that I usually wear it every winter. It fits me perfectly and makes
me feel comfortable and warm, no matter how cold the weather is. I keep myself warm by
wearing the coat with jeans and boots, which match it well.
In fact, I have never thought whether it will be out of fashion (lỗi mốt). As this coat is a gift
from my besties, I treasure it a lot and – for sure – I will keep wearing this coat in the future.

Topic 3: clothes

1 When should people wear formal clothes?

People should wear formal clothes on occasions that call for a certain level of
decorum (sự đứng đắn, trang trọng), such as weddings, formal dinners, galas, job

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interviews, and other important events where dressing appropriately is expected.

Formal clothes are a way of showing respect and honoring the significance of the
occasion.
2 What kinds of clothes should people wear at work?

The appropriate clothing for work can vary widely depending on the specific
workplace. In general, it's important to dress in a way that is professional, neat, and
clean.
In some workplaces, there may be a dress code or uniform policy that specifies
what is acceptable to wear. In these cases, it is important to adhere to the guidelines
set by the employer.
Regardless of the dress code, it is always important to dress in a way that is
appropriate for the type of work being done. For example, if working in a restaurant,
it may be necessary to wear a uniform that is easily identifiable by customers.

3 Do you think people should wear formal clothes in the workplace?

Whether or not people should wear formal clothes in the workplace depends on
the specific workplace culture and the nature of the job. In some industries, such as
finance or law, formal attire (clothes) is expected and can be seen as a way of
demonstrating professionalism and credibility.
However, in other industries or workplaces, such as tech startups or creative fields, a
more casual dress code may be the norm.

4 Why do some people like to wear traditional clothes?

There are many reasons why people may choose to wear traditional clothes. For
some, it may be a way of expressing cultural pride and identity. Traditional clothing
can be a symbol of cultural heritage and can be a way of connecting with one's
ancestry and roots. Additionally, some people may choose to wear traditional clothing
for its beauty and uniqueness.

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5 Do old people change their style of dressing?

It's not uncommon for older people to change their style of dressing as they age.
As people get older, their bodies and lifestyles may change, which can influence the
type of clothing they find comfortable and practical. For example, older individuals
may prefer clothing that is more comfortable and easy to move in, such as looser fitting
clothing and shoes with better support. They may also be more concerned with
practicality, such as choosing clothing that is easy to put on and take off, or that can be
washed easily.
Does everyone like to go shopping for clothes?

Not everyone enjoys shopping for clothes, as it is largely a matter of personal

preference. Some people find shopping to be a fun and enjoyable activity, while others
may find it stressful, tedious, or time-consuming.

Why do you think some people don't like shopping for clothes?

There are several reasons why some people may not enjoy shopping for clothes. One
possible reason is that they may find the experience to be overwhelming, particularly if
they are not particularly interested in fashion or clothing. Additionally, some people
may find shopping to be a time-consuming and tedious activity, preferring to spend
their time on other pursuits. Other factors that may contribute to a dislike of shopping
for clothes include limited budgets, body image concerns, or environmental or ethical
considerations related to fast fashion

Do you think there is a difference between males and females when buying

clothes?

Yes, there are some differences between males and females when it comes to buying
clothes. For example, women tend to spend more time shopping for clothes than men,
and they are often more interested in fashion and style. Additionally, women's clothing
tends to be more diverse and offer a wider range of options than men's clothing. Men,

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on the other hand, may prioritize comfort and practicality when selecting clothes, and
tend to have a more limited range of options to choose from.

Do you think it's important (or, good) to follow the current fashions in the

clothes you wear?

I’d say it depends on personal preferences and beliefs. Some people may view fashion
as an important aspect of self-expression and use it to signal their social identity or
status. Others may prioritize comfort, practicality, or personal style over following
trends. It is worth noting that fashion can also be a source of environmental and ethical
concerns, particularly with the rise of fast fashion. Ultimately, the decision to follow
fashion trends when choosing clothes is a personal one and should be based on
individual values and priorities.

Why do many young people feel it's important to wear clothes that are "in

fashion"?

Many young people feel it's important to wear clothes that are "in fashion" because
fashion has become a significant part of youth culture and a means of self-expression.
Wearing trendy clothing can be seen as a way to convey a certain image, personality or
identity, and to fit in with one's peer group or community.

TOPIC 5. DESCRIBE A FAMOUS /POPULAR PERSON IN YOUR COUNTRY

I’d like to tell you about Thu Quynh, who is, according to my own opinion, one of the
greatest actresses in Vietnam. If I remember correctly, Thu Quynh has won 2 the title “
actress of the year” twice, which is a testament to her extraordinary talent (minh chứng
cho tài năng).
Thu Quynh is now in her early 30s, and she is well-known for her success in
dramas, in which she played roles with different characteristics, from a gentle girl to one
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with a very complicated personality as a whore. What I like most about her is how well he
can portray (khắc họa) different types of characters. Pretty much every single thing in his
acting was perfect: a sudden change in his facial expression, a subtle sign (dấu hiệu khó
nhận ra) in his body language, or even a small crack(cái vỡ giọng) in his voice – all of this
demonstrates various shades of emotion, and easily makes the audience feel
connected with the character. Once an actress can pull that off – you know she’s really,
really talented.
Most of the films that she took part in became all the rages (nổi tiếng) right after the
first episode is shown, and most of them are successful both academically and financially.
Another thing I love about Thu Quynh is that throughout his brilliant career, he
almost never got involved in any kind of scandal whatsoever – something you would
normally see from many celebrities nowadays.
(3 câu đầu có vẻ là đề bộ cũ)
1 What kinds of people are popular at work?
Generally, people who are friendly, approachable, and easy to work with tend to
be popular among their colleagues. Additionally, those who have a positive attitude, a
good sense of humor, and who are team players (người có khả năng làm việc nhóm
tốt) are often well-liked at work. Moreover, people who are reliable, responsible, and
hardworking tend to gain respect and admiration from their colleagues, making them
more popular at work
2 Are knowledgeable people popular at work?
Yes, knowledgeable people can be popular at work. Having expertise and knowledge in
a particular field can make someone an asset to their team and can lead to increased
respect and admiration from colleagues. Additionally, people who are knowledgeable
and able to share their expertise with others can be valuable resources for their
coworkers, leading to increased collaboration and a more efficient work environment.
3 What benefits are there when a child is popular at school?
When a child is popular at school, they can enjoy several benefits. One benefit is that
they may have a larger social network, which can lead to more opportunities for
socializing and making friends. Popular children may also have more influence and
leadership potential, as they may be looked up to by their peers.
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Moreover, being popular at school can lead to increased confidence and self-esteem,
as children who are well-liked by their peers often feel more valued and accepted

What kinds of people are popular?

It is difficult to generalize what kinds of people are popular since popularity can depend
on a variety of factors such as age, culture, social setting, and personal preferences.
However, people who are confident, outgoing, and charismatic (lôi cuốn) often
have an easier time making connections and being well-liked by others. People who are
successful in their careers or have achieved a level of fame or recognition in their
field can also be seen as popular. In social settings, people who are friendly, open-
minded, and approachable tend to be popular.

Can you explain why some students at school are more popular than

others?

There are many reasons why some students are more popular than others at school.
One factor could be their social skills, such as being outgoing, confident, and
approachable. These students may have an easier time making friends and being well-
liked by their peers. Additionally, students who are involved in extracurricular activities
such as sports, music, or clubs may have more opportunities to socialize and make
connections with others. Academic performance can also play a role in popularity, as
students who excel academically may be admired and respected by their peers.

Do you think a popular teacher is always a good teacher?

Well, I don’t think so. Popularity is not the only indicator of their effectiveness as an
educator. A teacher may be popular among their students because they are easygoing
or give out high grades, but this does not necessarily mean they are providing a high-
quality education or effectively preparing their students for future success. A good
teacher should have strong teaching skills, subject matter knowledge, and the ability to
engage and motivate students to learn.

Do you think it's easier to be popular if you are wealthy than if you are poor?

It is possible that wealth can contribute to popularity, as people with more money often
have more opportunities to socialize, attend events, and participate in activities that can
increase their reputation among their peers. Additionally, wealth can sometimes lead to
access to expensive clothing, accessories, and other status symbols that can increase a

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person's social status. However, it's important to note that popularity is not solely
dependent on wealth, and other factors such as personality, interests, and social skills
can also play a significant role in a person's popularity.

Can you explain why some people are popular (or famous) for many years

while others are only popular (or famous) for a short time?

There can be many reasons why some people remain popular or famous for many years
while others experience only fleeting popularity (sự nổi tiếng chớp nhoáng). One
key factor may be the person's level of talent or skill, whether it be in music, acting,
sports, or another area of expertise. Additionally, the way a person presents themselves
and interacts with others can also contribute to their lasting popularity. However, trends
and societal preferences can change, causing a shift in public interest, leading to some
celebrities or personalities losing their popularity over time.

TOPIC 6. DESCRIBE AN EXPERIENCE WHEN YOU LOST SOMETHING

As an absent-minded (đãng trí) person, I have lost count of the time when I lost
misplaced (để nhầm chỗ) something and lost them, but I’m gonna take this chance to tell you
about the time when I lost my smartphone.
So, one day I returned home after going for a dip (đi bơi) and I wanted to text my
friends, but I couldn’t find my smartphone. At first, I didn’t worry at all. However, after
searching for it high and low (tìm khắp nơi) in vain (trong vô vọng), I started to panic
(hoảng sợ). When I used my mom’s phone to call my phone, what we heard was “the number
you have dialed is temporarily unavailable, please try again later”. It was not until that
moment that I was sure that I had lost it.
At that moment, I felt like my heart was coming to a complete stop (tim muốn ngừng
đập). I was afraid that someone might hack my phone and get access to my photos, messages
or even my Facebook account, which was the last thing I wanted to have happened.
I tried to think about the places I might have left it. I might have lost it either in the
bookshop or in the coffee shop. To be honest, I thought that I would never see it again. Much
to my surprise, I got it back.
As soon as I returned to the coffee shop, the waiter told me that he found it on the
coffee table. He carefully checked the CCTV to make sure that I was the rightful owner (chính
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chủ) before giving it back to me. I thanked him profusely (cảm ơn rối rít). Finally, I could
sigh with a relief (thở phào nhẹ nhõm).

TOPIC 7. DESCRIBE A GAME (NOT A SPORT) YOU ENJOYED PLAYING IN YOUR

CHILDHOOD.

First, I want to say that I am not a big fan of computer or phone games as they are
time-consuming (tốn thời gian). But, I will take this chance to tell you about a computer
game that I’ve been playing since I was 10, Feeding Frenzy. I believe Feeding Frenzy is one
of the most famous games of our time and until now.
If my memory serves me right, when I was in grade 4 , my father brought home a
computer with the game installed in it. We loved the game and played it during the summer
holidays. We would have bets as who would reach higher level in the food chain (chuỗi
thức ăn) and become bigger fish.
FF is an underwater action game (một trò chơi dưới nước) everyone loves!
You're a small fry in an ocean full of big fish, and the only way to survive (sống sót) is to
eat the little guys until you can challenge even the most dangerous predators (kẻ săn
mồi) of the deep!
We used to play the game using the mouse. Most of the times we used to take turns
(lần lượt) to play, but sometimes I even enjoyed playing it alone. But, one thing for sure,
the game was amazing and almost addictive (gây nghiện). I have loved it throughout my
entire childhood and even now, when I am under much study/ work pressure, I’d go for it
as a way to relax.
Topic 5: Games

1 Do you think winning is the most important goal for playing games?
I think it depends. Some people believe that winning is the most important goal
for playing games. They enjoy the thrill of competition and the satisfaction of being
victorious. However, other people may see games as a way to have fun, relax, and
socialize with others. Winning may be a secondary goal or not even a goal at all.

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2 What kinds of games do children play these days?

Children today play a wide variety of games, including video games, board
games, card games, and outdoor games. Video games are especially popular among
children, with many different genres and platforms available, such as action,
adventure, sports, and simulation games.
Board games and card games are also popular among children, as they offer a
more social and interactive experience.
Outdoor games, such as tag, hide and seek, and hopscotch, are still enjoyed by
children, although they may not be played as often due to the prevalence of technology
and indoor activities.

3 Which do you think are better, indoor or outdoor games?

It’s very hard to answer this question as both have pros and cons.
Indoor games, such as board games and video games, can be enjoyed regardless
of the weather or time of day, making them a convenient option for many people.
However, indoor games may be less physically active and may not provide the same
social and sensory experiences as outdoor games.
On the other hand, outdoor games, such as sports and playground activities,
offer opportunities for physical activity, fresh air, and exposure to nature. However,
outdoor games may be limited by weather conditions and require more space and
equipment.

4 How can children benefit from playing team games?

Team games can offer numerous benefits for children in various aspects of their
development. Firstly, playing team games can help children develop social skills. They
learn to communicate effectively, cooperate with others, and work towards a common
goal, which can help them build relationships and develop empathy, teamwork, and
leadership skills. Moreover, team games can also teach children about sportsmanship,
fair play, and respect for others, as they learn to win and lose with dignity and grace.

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5 Why do people like to play different games?

People like to play different games for various reasons. Firstly, different games
can offer unique experiences and challenges that cater to different interests and
preferences. For example, some people enjoy strategy games that require critical
thinking and planning, while others prefer action games that offer excitement.
Additionally, playing games can offer a sense of escape and relaxation from the
stresses of everyday life. People may use games as a way to unwind, destress, and have
fun.

6 Do you think it's good for children to play games?

Of course, playing games can provide numerous benefits for children, including
physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development. Games can help children
develop various skills, such as problem-solving, decision-making, communication,
teamwork, and leadership. Moreover, games can offer a fun and engaging way for
children to learn and explore the world around them.
However, it's essential to note that not all games are suitable for children.
Parents and caregivers should consider the age-appropriateness of games and monitor
their children's game usage to ensure that it does not interfere with their health,
education, or well-being.

7 How important would you say it is to develop a sense of competition in

children?
I think that children who are taught to compete will be better prepared for the demands
of the real world. Moreover, competition helps to improve self-confidence and self-
esteem. This can also lead to higher levels of motivation and effort in achieving goals.

Is it good for a kid to be ambitious?

Being ambitious can be beneficial for a child's personal and academic growth, as it
helps them set goals, work towards them, and strive for excellence. Ambition provides
motivation and helps children build a strong work ethic, perseverance, and resilience
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in the face of challenges. However, it is essential to encourage children to pursue their

ambitions in a healthy and balanced way, without sacrificing their mental and physical
well-being.
Which is better, individual games or team-based games?
I think it depends. Individual games can help promote self-reliance, independence, and
personal achievement, whereas team-based games foster collaboration,
communication, and social skills. Some people may enjoy the competition of team-
based games, while others may prefer the focus and challenge of individual games.
Ultimately, the choice between individual and team-based games is a matter of
personal preference and what one wants to gain from the experience.
Are outdoor sports important for kids?
Of course, yes. Engaging in outdoor sports is essential for children's physical and
mental health. It promotes physical activity and offers opportunities for children to
develop social skills, including communication, teamwork, and leadership. Moreover,
spending time outdoors has been linked to reduced stress, improved mood, and better
academic performance. Thus, outdoor sports can play a vital role in children's overall
development, helping them stay active, socialize, and maintain their physical and
emotional well-being.

TOPIC 8. DESCRIBE A CITY OR A FOREIGN COUNTRY YOU WOULD LIKE TO LIVE

AND WORK IN THE FUTURE

If I could live anywhere in the world, I would choose Singapore. There are different
reasons why Singapore is an ideal place of residence (nơi ở lí tưởng) in my eyes, but the
major reason is that when living there I would never feel bored.
First, Singaporean cuisine is famous for its street foods, especially ones sold in China
Town. They are cheap and cheerful. You can have a hearty meal for just 25 dollars.
Another point that makes me interested in Singapore is that the country is a
cultural hotspot where I can experience Chinese, Indian, Malaysian, and English cultures
at the same time. There are pagodas that I have been familiar with. There are also mosques
and Indian churches whose classical architecture never ceases to stir up my curiosity.
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Also, I would spend my weekends in Sentosa island, the entertainment center of the
country. There, I would visit Universal Studio and mix myself in the world of movies and
cartoons. Or, I could mix myself in nature by taking a walk in a random park in the country.
You know, Singapore is one of the greenest and cleanest cities in the world. There,
trees are everywhere, in the parks, in offices, on apartment roofs, and even inside the
country’s residential airport, the Changi Airport. And, you would not be able to see any
piece of trash on the street.
Last but not least, Singaporean people are known for their politeness and
friendliness, giving expats (foreigners) a welcoming atmosphere. Well, if the dream
came true, my life would be fulfilled.
cheap and cheerful (idiom): ngon bổ rẻ
a hearty meal (n): 1 bữa thịnh soạn
A cultural hotspot (n): 1 trung tâm văn hóa
mosque (n): nhà thờ Hồi Giáo
never cease to V (v): không ngừng làm gì
stir up one’s curiosity (v): khuấy động trí tò mò của ai

TOPIC 9. DESCRIBE A PERSON WHO JUST MOVED INTO YOUR COMMUNITY AND
BROUGHT POSITIVE INFLUENCES.

So, the very first one that springs to my mind is Ms. Jenny, a freelance English
teacher and artist (một họa sĩ tự do) who lives quite near my house. Well, Ms. Jenny was
born and raised in Singapore. From the age of 40, she moved to Vietnam and has been
working here for several months.
So, let me introduce her first. Ms. Jenny is now in her early 40s and she is such a
creative person who always comes up with interesting ideas. In fact, she always makes
something out of trash (làm ra đồ từ rác), things that we throw away (ném đi). Whenever I go
to her house, she’s always making something or the other. I am also a huge fan of these kinds
of things so I often spend my free time at her house doing these DIY items (những đồ tự làm)
with her.

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She also runs a project named “exchange your trash for plants” in which you change
your categorized trash (rác đã phân loại) such as bottles, paper, old clothes or even used
batteries for a small pot of plants. This project aims at raising people’s awareness about
(nâng cao nhận thức con người về) protecting the environment, which is so meaningful. I
often support her by categorizing trash when I come to her house. On her Youtube Channel
and fanpage, she sells handmade products from recycled materials, and all of the money
earned will be for the disadvantaged students at our local school.
I really love spending time with her as she is not only a kind and creative person but
also very environmentally conscious. I always feel a positive energy when being with her and
she was indeed a great source of inspiration for me to be a kind and responsible person. So,
that’s all I want to tell you about a Singaporean woman that I am so lucky to know.
(các em chú ý đoạn cuối thêm thắt 1 chút về ảnh hưởng tích cực của cô này đến
cộng đồng xung quanh/em tùy theo đề bài nhé. Ví dụ: mọi người bắt đầu phân
loại rác, tái chế rác..)

What kinds of people tend to live by themselves?

There are various kinds of people who tend to live by themselves. For instance,
some individuals who are introverted or value their privacy may choose to live alone.
Others may prefer independence or may have unique living needs that make living
alone the best option. Additionally, older adults who have lost their partners or whose
children have moved away may live alone. People who are pursuing their careers or
education in different locations, away from family and friends, may also choose to live
alone.
What skills do you think young people need to learn in order to live independently?
Young people need to learn a range of skills to live independently. For instance,
they need to learn how to manage their finances, including how to budget, save and pay
bills. They should also develop basic cooking skills, understand the importance of
maintaining personal hygiene, and know how to clean and maintain their living space.
Additionally, they need to be able to communicate effectively, solve problems, and
make responsible decisions.
How can parents and teachers help young people to live independently?

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Parents and teachers can help young people to live independently by teaching
them life skills such as cooking, cleaning, managing finances, and time management.
They can also encourage and support them to take responsibility for their own actions,
make their own decisions, and learn from their mistakes.

TOPIC 10. DESCRIBE AN ENJOYABLE EVENT FROM THE PAST/IN YOUR CHILDHOOD
THAT YOU REMEMBER WELL

(Nếu đề bài có ghi là enjoyable event in your childhood thì các em nhớ nói rõ thời gian là khi các
em còn nhỏ nhé)

The very first thing that springs to my mind is the time a bunch of my friends and I
joined a live show with the attendance of many renowned singers in my country about 5 years
ago, and I have to admit that at that time, I was so excited
So, to talk about the Liveshow, it was held in My Dinh stadium, which is the largest
stadium in my country and it can accommodate up to 3000 people.
I was immensely excited waiting for the show as all of my favorite singers and bands
would be there to perform.
To be honest, the front row tickets were prohibitively expensive but we hoped to be
near the singers and feel the vibe and yk, luckily, the whole performance didn't disappoint us.
All the performers were really beyond excellent.

The atmosphere was electric (náo nhiệt, sôi động), and it was so much fun to be a part
of it all. We were all jumping and dancing and singing at the top of our lungs (ồn ào, hết
mức có thể). When the concert was over, we were all hoarse (khản cổ) from singing and our
feet were sore from dancing.

I must say, it was totally a feast to our eyes and ears with the support of light and
sound system, and of course, loyal fans. Although it was so crowded and scorching hot, it
didn't matter as we were all feeling high. To cut the story short, it was such a memorable and
enjoyable event. And though the ticket price was equal to our savings for a whole month, we
all agreed that it was totally worth it.
1 Why do you think some people have a better memory than others?
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There are several factors that can contribute to why some people may have a
better memory than others. The first to mention is genetics. Some people may be born
with a genetic advantage that makes it easier for them to remember information.
Moreover, lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and sleep can also play a role in
memory. Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep can all
help to support healthy brain function.

2 In what situations is it important to remember information very well?

In many contexts, I’d say. In academic settings, such as universities and colleges,
students must remember key concepts and details in order to excel in coursework and
perform well on exams. Additionally, in the workplace, professionals must remember
technical details and important information in order to perform their job duties
effectively. Furthermore, remembering important information in personal relationships,
such as birthdays and personal preferences, can help to strengthen relationships and
build deeper connections.

3 How can people improve their memory?

In order to improve memory, there are several effective strategies that people
can use. One important technique is to practice actively trying to remember new
information and recalling it regularly. Additionally, regular exercise, particularly
aerobic exercise, has been shown to improve memory and cognitive function. Lastly,
getting enough sleep is critical for memory consolidation, as the brain consolidates
new information during sleep.

4 Why is it difficult for some people to remember things?

There are several reasons why some people may struggle with remembering things.
One factor is the distractions that can interfere with the brain's ability to encode new
information. Additionally, some people may suffer from underlying medical
conditions, such as brain injury or disease, or lifestyle factors such as lack of sleep or

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chronic stress. Finally, some people may simply have a lower aptitude (khả năng tự
nhiên) for memory, which can make it more difficult for them to remember things.

What do you think is the most important memory for children?

5

The most important memories for children are often related to positive
experiences with family members, friends, and loved ones. These memories can include
special moments such as holidays, birthdays, and family vacations. Additionally,
memories of accomplishments and achievements, such as learning to ride a bike or
getting good grades in school, can also be significant for children. Ultimately, the most
important memories for children are those that bring them joy, happiness, and a sense
of connection with others.
What should adults remember?
Adults should remember that their words and actions can have a significant
impact on the children around them. They should strive to be positive role models and
treat children with kindness, respect, and understanding. It is important for adults to
listen to children and provide them with support and guidance as they face the
challenges of growing up. Additionally, adults should remember that childhood
memories can have a lasting impact on a person's life, so it is important to create
positive and meaningful experiences for children.
What can help us to remember our childhood memories?
There are several things that can help us remember our childhood memories.
One of the most effective methods is to look at old photographs or videos, as they can
trigger memories and emotions associated with certain events or moments. Another
way is to revisit places or objects from our childhood, such as our old home or a
favorite toy, which can also bring back memories. Talking with family members or
friends who shared those experiences can also help to recall memories. Engaging in
activities that we enjoyed as children, such as playing games or listening to music, can
also help to evoke memories.

TOPIC 11. DESCRIBE AN OCCASION WHEN YOU GOT LOST

So, let me tell you about the time I got lost, a memorable experience to me.
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A couple of months ago, I took a solo trip to Hoi An, an ancient town in Central Vietnam.
The town has something for everyone: glorious history (lịch sử vẻ vang), stunning
architecture (kiến trúc độc đáo), amazing food and picturesque landscape (cảnh
đẹp nên thơ).
I spent my first day strolling around my hotel and trying local cuisines. On the
second day, I rented a bicycle and rode to the nearby beach which is roughly 7
kilometres away. My friend had told me to be careful as the roads were bumpy (g ồ gh ề)
and narrow at the time of her visit. I, therefore, decided to take the new route. There were
quite a lot of signs on the roads so I had no problem reaching the seaside town.
However, on the way back to my hotel, I took the wrong turn and got lost. I didn’t
recognize at first but the further I went, the more unfamiliar the scenery along the road
became and I got frustrated.
I remembered not seeing any rice fields earlier but now I even saw buffaloes. I sensed
something wrong and asked a local farmer for directions. He told me I should
have taken the second turn on the left, not the first one. I had no idea how I could forget
such a simple thing.
However, this was the first time I realized getting lost can actually be. It turned out I had
a fantastic journey in the countryside, a truly rewarding experience.(1 trải nghiệm thú
vị)

Topic 2: Getting lost

1 Why are there some people who never get lost?

2 Why do some people have a good sense of direction?
Well, to my mind, it’s because they either have an innate sense of direction, which is
definitely quite a rare skill, or because they have outstanding recognition and memory.
Such people always pay attention to visual landmarks. I mean they always take mental
photos to visualize the area from multiple orientations. Oh, and one more reason why some
people never get lost is that they carry tracking devices with them.

3 Do you think that children should be taught to read paper maps at school?
4 Are paper maps still necessary?

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Yes, I believe that children should be taught to read paper maps at school, as it is
a valuable skill that can have practical applications in their everyday lives. While
digital maps and GPS systems are becoming increasingly prevalent, there are still
situations where paper maps are necessary or more convenient. For example, if a child
is hiking or camping in a remote area without access to the internet or GPS, they will
need to rely on a paper map to navigate their surroundings.

How do people react when they get lost?

Getting lost can be a stressful and scary experience for many people. Some
people may panic and become disoriented, while others may feel a sense of frustration
or helplessness. It is not uncommon for people to experience a range of emotions,
including anxiety, fear, anger, and confusion. Depending on the situation, some people
may try to retrace their steps, ask for directions, or use a map or GPS to find their way
back. In more severe cases, people may require assistance from emergency services or
search and rescue teams.

With mobile phones and these electronic products with navigation is it easy

for people to get lost?

With the widespread availability of these devices, it has become relatively easier
for people to find their way when they are lost. However, their effectiveness can be
affected by factors such as poor reception, outdated maps, or user error. It is still
important for people to have a basic understanding of their surroundings and to be
aware of their location in case of technical difficulties or other unexpected situations.

What kind of problems do old people have when they get lost?

Older people may experience physical and mental challenges when they get lost.
Physically, they may tire more easily, have difficulty walking long distances, or suffer
from chronic medical conditions. Mentally, they may experience confusion,
forgetfulness, or disorientation. Additionally, older people may be more vulnerable to

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dangers such as extreme weather conditions or unsafe neighborhoods when they are
lost.

TOPIC 12. DESCRIBE A BOOK YOU’VE READ MANY TIMES / DESCRIBE A BOOK YOU
WANT TO READ AGAIN

You know, a page-turner that leaves me with strong impressions is “Floral

Libation”. It’s a book that brings readers to the world of flowers.
I came across the book a couple of months ago, when I was wandering around in a
bookstore, just to pass the time because I had nothing to do on that day. When I saw the
book, I was immediately attracted by its cover, with a colorful design and the quoteThehe
beauty of flowers in one gorgeous glass”. Actually, I haven’t figured out what message the
author wants to convey by the line, but still, it stirred up my curiosity. Of course, as a
proverb says: “never judge a book by its cover”, I flipped through(giở lướt) a few pages to
see what’s inside. And I quickly got hooked by the contents.
It’s highly informative, providing readers with the names, biological features and
habitats of thousands of species of flowers all over the world. That’s extremely attractive
‘cos it took me from one surprise to another. Also, with each kind of flower, the book tells
me a story behind it. Turns out, every kind of flower has its own meaning, representing a
particular kind of person or a moral value. For example, roses are a symbol of love and
romance. Another example is daisies, which bring about optimism and hope. In other words,
the book really broadened my horizons and the more I know about the flowers, the more I
cherish their beauty. The book is so interesting that once I was engrossed in it, losing
track of the time (quên mất cả thời gian). Also, you know, sometimes when my friends
ask me about a typical kind of flower, I can wow them with my expertise (khiến cho ai
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bất ngờ vì sự hiểu biết của mình). I believe that it is such a good book for anyone to
put down.
a page-turner (n): 1 cuốn sách thú vị
What kind of books they like to read and why they can learn from them?
The kind of books people like to read varies. Young adults and teenagers may
enjoy reading fiction novels and coming-of-age stories (truyện về đối tượng mới lớn),
while older adults may prefer non-fiction books on a variety of topics such as history,
biographies, and self-help. Reading can help individuals learn new things, gain
perspective, and develop critical thinking skills. Non-fiction books can provide
valuable knowledge and insight on specific subjects, while fiction books can transport
the reader to different worlds and help develop empathy and emotional intelligence
Vietnamese people whether they prefer to read on paper or electronically?
In Vietnam, there is a growing trend towards reading electronically, especially
among younger generations due to their convenience and accessibility, as they can be
accessed on smartphones, tablets, and e-readers. However, many Vietnamese people
still prefer reading on paper as they enjoy the tactile experience and the feeling of
holding a physical book in their hands. Additionally, some believe that reading on
paper is less strenuous on the eyes and helps with focus and concentration. Overall, it
depends on personal preference and convenience. (tactile: cảm giác chạm)

TOPIC 13. DESCRIBE A LONG CAR JOURNEY YOU HAD

Today, I am going to talk about one time when I got delayed because of something
unexpected.

About 3 weeks after Tet holiday, my parents and I were travelling to Lao Cai- a
mountainous area in the North of VN for my cousin’s wedding, which was an important
ceremony for the whole family as everyone had been waiting for the wedding for such a
long time. It was in the first weeks of spring so we didn't expect any extreme weather
patterns (hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan), if any, just cold weather, but the nature had
other plans for us.

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It started raining about five hours into the journey and it rained incessantly (mưa
không ngớt) for hours. At first, we still thought it was ok and it would get better very soon
but unfortuantely, it didn't.

The situation got worse when there was hail, which made the driving become
dangerous so we had to stop and shelter in a gas station for at least 1 hour. Then the storm
came and everything ahead was flooded and all vehicles were immobilised (không di
chuyển được). Noone could ever imagine getting stuck in a storm in the spring like that.
Some kids even screamt on hearing a massive thunderclap (tiếng sấm vang).

Finally, after hours, the rain finally stopped but such a storm caused landslides (sạt
lở đất), which made it impossible for us to get to our destination on time as planned.

Not only us but also our relatives were sad and disappointed by all inconvenience
caused by this unseen situation.

What benefits does public transport bring to the world?

Public transport has several benefits for the world. Firstly, it helps reduce traffic
congestion, which in turn reduces air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Secondly, it provides an affordable and accessible means of transportation for people
who cannot afford a personal vehicle or those who cannot drive. Thirdly, it reduces the
demand for fossil fuels and encourages the use of sustainable energy sources. Finally,
it helps reduce the demand for parking spaces, freeing up space for other uses in urban
areas.
Is it too late for people to get a driver's license at the age of 18?
No, it is not too late for people to get a driver's license at the age of 18. In fact,
18 is the legal minimum age to obtain a driver's license in many countries, including
Vietnam. While some people may feel that they are "late" to the game if they have not
obtained their license earlier, there is no age limit for learning how to drive and
obtaining a license. With proper training and practice, individuals can obtain their
driver's license at any age.
What's the difference between men's and women's preference for cars?
There are some differences between men and women's preferences for cars. For instance, men
tend to prefer cars that are sporty and powerful, while women often look for cars that are practical,

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fuel-efficient, and easy to handle. Women also tend to place a higher value on safety features like
airbags and backup cameras.
What are the differences between bicycles and private cars?

Bicycles are typically cheaper to purchase and maintain than cars, and they don't require fuel
or emit pollutants. Bicycles are also more environmentally friendly and are a good form of exercise.
However, bicycles are limited in their speed and range, and they can be dangerous to ride in traffic.
Private cars, on the other hand, are faster, more convenient, and offer more protection from the
weather and traffic. However, they are also more expensive to purchase and maintain, and they
contribute to air pollution and traffic congestion.

TOPIC 14. DESCRIBE A SHOP THAT OPENED IN YOUR CITY

Today, I will take this chance to tell you about my all-time favorite coffee shop, a
small and cozy (ấm cúng) coffee shop within walking distance from my house (gần
nhà tôi).

It opened 3 years ago, and unlike other coffee shops in my neighborhood, the
atmosphere here is extremely tranquil (tĩnh lặng), which greatly lives up to my
expectation (đúng như mong đợi của tôi). In other words, it gives me a sense of
peacefulness (sự yên bình) and calmness, especially during nerve-racking time (những
thời gian căng não) like final exams.

The thing I like most about the café is the complete silence there as the shop owner is
only interested in soothing background music (nhạc nền nhẹ nhàng). Therefore, I can
increase my concentration while reading something and finish work more effectively.
Moreover, it is second to none (là số 1) in catering drinks and foods! The foods are
really scrumptious (ngon) and reasonably priced (giá cả phải chăng).

And I must say the staff at this place are also very cordial/ friendly (thân thiện).
They talk very politely to the customers and offer help whenever we need help.

There are also many green corners where we can take photos to preserve our
sweet memories there.

So, it’s all about the coffee shop that opened in my city.

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VERSION 2 (band điểm tốt hơn)

In my city shops spring up like mushrooms, but almost all of them aren’t even
worth talking about because of their poor range of goods, poor service, and
exorbitant prices. The only one that made shopping much easier for me is a
hypermarket that opened several months ago.

There is one more big-box store in my city, where I used to do shopping, but it is
situated on the other end of the city, and it took me too much time to get there and back.
The one is also located on the outskirts of the city, but it is much closer to my home,
which is really convenient and saves me a lot of my time.

Like all hypermarkets, it sells a lot of different types of goods from toothpaste to
household appliances, and provides customers with all the goods they require, under
one roof.

What I particularly like is that it has a huge variety of products that I haven’t seen
anywhere else. At the same time, whatever I find there is affordable. I recently got a T-
shirt for $2 while I would have to pay at least $4 elsewhere. I also have big savings on
products that I buy in bulk, for example, bottled water, kitchen paper, and washing
powder, to name but a few.

Also, product categories are well organized so that I can find different items easily. Oh,
I nearly forgot, it’s open round the clock, so I can go there after work on weekdays thus, I
don’t have to make time for shopping at weekends.

Long story short, I’m really happy that now I can do shopping much faster and spend less
money than before.

- Hypermarket (n) Đại siêu thị là một dạng siêu cửa hàng kết hợp giữa một siêu
thị và một cửa hàng bách hóa. Kết quả là nó tạo ra một địa điểm bán l ẻ kh ổng l ồ
có khả năng chứa rất nhiều loại sản phẩm và hàng hóa bên trong, bao gồm toàn
bộ các dòng sản phẩm tạp hóa cho đến đủ các loại sản phẩm thông thường khác
- Big-box store(n): Cửa hàng bán lẻ to, rất nhiều SP

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1 Do you think location is the key factor that attracts customers?

Definitely yes. Location can be a critical factor that attracts customers,
especially for businesses that rely on foot traffic or accessibility. The convenience and
accessibility of a location can make it more likely for customers to visit and increase
the likelihood of impulse purchases or repeat visits.
2 What kinds of shops are popular in your city?
In my city, there are various kinds of shops that are popular among residents and
visitors. One of the most common types of shops is supermarkets, which offer a wide
range of products such as groceries, household items, and personal care products.
Another popular type of shop in my city is clothing stores, which offer a range of
fashion items such as clothes, shoes, and accessories. There are various types of
clothing stores, ranging from high-end designer boutiques to fast-fashion chains.
Additionally, my city has many electronic stores, which offer a range of tech
products such as smartphones, laptops, and home appliances.
Lastly, my city has various types of specialty stores that cater to specific interests
or needs. These can include bookstores, hobby shops, health food stores, and many
others.

3 Why do young people enjoy going to boutiques?

Young people enjoy going to boutiques for a variety of reasons. One of the
primary reasons is that boutiques offer a unique shopping experience that can't be
found in larger chain stores. Moreover, boutiques often carry unique and trendy items
that appeal to younger consumers. Many boutiques specialize in specific styles such as
vintage or streetwear, which can attract young people who value self-expression and
individuality.
What types of the shop would you recommend a visitor to your country should go to?
(Why?)
Visitors to Vietnam can explore the local markets for unique handicrafts, textiles,
and souvenirs, such as Ben Thanh Market in Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Xuan Market in
Hanoi, or Hoi An Night Market in Hoi An. Additionally, there are several modern
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shopping malls throughout Vietnam that offer a variety of international and local
brands, including Vincom Center, Crescent Mall, and Aeon Mall. Visitors can also
check out specialty shops for local products like silk, coffee, and lacquerware.
Do you ever buy anything on the internet?
Of course I do, as it is a convenient way to shop from the comfort of my own
home. Online shopping can offer a wider selection of products, competitive prices, and
the ability to compare products and read reviews before making a purchase. However,
it's important to be careful when shopping online and to make sure you are using a
secure website and protecting your personal and financial information.
What do you think are the advantages of buying things on the internet?
In your country, how has shopping changed in the past few decades?
In Vietnam, shopping has undergone significant changes in the past few decades.
In the past, shopping was done mainly at local markets and small shops, with limited
product choices and fixed prices. However, with the economic growth and the rise of
modernization, shopping malls and supermarkets have become increasingly popular,
providing a wider range of products and services. In addition, online shopping has also
gained popularity in recent years, offering customers the convenience of shopping from
home with access to a vast selection of products from all over the world. As a result,
shopping habits have evolved significantly, with more choices and convenience for
consumers in Vietnam.

TOPIC 15. DESCRIBE A PLACE AWAY FROM YOUR HOME YOU WANT TO VISIT IN
THE FUTURE

So, this is such a nice topic and now, I’d like to take this chance to tell you about Hoi
An ancient town – a highly recommended destination for both local and foreign tourists.
Hoi An is located in the center of Vietnam. The town has something for everyone:
glorious history (lịch sử vẻ vang), stunning architecture (kiến trúc độc đáo),
amazing food and picturesque landscape (cảnh đẹp nên thơ). When being here,
visitors can take a bike trip around the town and admire (thưởng ngoạn) its ancient

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and poetic beauty (vẻ đẹp cổ và nên thơ). It was truly a once-in-a-life-time
experience (trải nghiệm hiếm có trong đời) for us. At night, you can wander around the
town and try local cuisines which are not only scrumptious but also reasonably priced.
One more thing that makes this city so interesting and unique is its buildings that
reflect the influences of both indigenous (bản địa) and foreign that you can hardly find
anywhere else
Here, you can also immerse yourselves in the nature (đắm chìm vào thiên
nhiên) and take tons of gorgeous photos to preserve our sweet memories (lưu giữ
những kỉ niệm đẹp) there.
So, for all the reasons mentioned above, Hoi An city is truly an interesting destination
that tourists should never ever miss.

Version 2:

You know, for years, I have been dreaming of a trip on a motorbike, to mountainous
areas in the Northwest of Vietnam. There are a myriad of reasons for me to choose a
motorcycle for such once-in-a-lifetime journey. I would like to go by motorcycle
because firstly, I’m obsessed with car sickness, which can turn my holidays into a
nightmare. Furthermore, a motorbike allows me to feel the difference in the
atmosphere, when I move from the delta to higher altitude, rather than inhale
conditioned air in a car. Last but not least, another simple reason is that I haven’t got a
car yet. And, if you ask me why I choose Northwestern highland, it’s because I was
born in a port city, so the sea no longer stirs up my curiosity. I mean I’ve been too
familiar with activities on the beach. In contrast, I’m always attracted by the pristine
beauty of mountains and hills in Mù Cang Chải, Sapa, and Mộc Châu. The trip will
allow me to experience the cultures of minor ethnic groups. One of the must-do I would
have is to enjoy the local cuisine, with signature foods like hand-carried piglets (lợn
cắp nách), smoked pork and beef (đồ nướng gác bếp) and corn liquor (rượu ngô).
Thinking of those treats is enough to make me mouth-watering. More importantly, by
having a motorbike, I will have the liberty to discover without any limitations. I’ll be
able to weave through (len lỏi qua) small paths that are not suitable for a car and go
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off the beaten track (đến những nơi ít người biết tới). That adventure would also make
me feel the difficulties in the locals’ daily life and learn to cherish what I have.

once-in-a-lifetime (adj): một lần trong đời

pristine (adj): hoang sơ
weave through (v): len lỏi qua
go off the beaten track (v) đến những nơi ít người biết tới

1. What are the difference between travel today and past?

In the past, travel was limited to mainly local or regional destinations, with few
people having the opportunity to explore foreign countries. Transportation was also
limited, with most people traveling on foot, by horse or carriage, or by boat. However,
today, travel has become more accessible, with the development of airplanes, trains,
buses, and cars, making it possible for people to travel to almost any destination in the
world. The internet and social media have also made it easier for people to research
and plan trips, connect with locals, and share their experiences with others.

2. Why did people like to explore new places to develop the tourism industry?

People like to explore new places to develop the tourism industry because it can
bring many benefits to the local economy. Tourism can generate income for the local
people through the creation of jobs in various sectors such as hospitality,
transportation, and tourism services. Additionally, the development of tourism
infrastructure can improve the quality of life for locals by creating better roads,
transportation, and public facilities. Furthermore, tourism can also help to preserve
natural and cultural heritage sites by creating awareness and generating funds for
their protection and maintenance.

* ngành hospitality được hiểu là ngành quản trị nhà hàng và dịch vụ ăn uống hay
quản lý khách sạn; ví dụ như dịch vụ tiếp đón khách, cung cấp và đáp ứng những nhu
cầu của khách trong suốt quá trình lưu trú tại khách sạn.

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3. Where do you think people want to go most during the holidays?

People have different preferences when it comes to holiday destinations, but

some popular places are beaches, theme parks, and historical sites. Many people enjoy
spending their holidays at beach resorts, such as those in Thailand, Bali, or Hawaii,
where they can relax and enjoy the sea. Others prefer to visit famous theme parks like
Disneyland or Universal Studios. Additionally, some people choose to travel to
historical sites to learn about different cultures and histories, such as Rome, Paris, or
Beijing.

TOPIC 16. DESCRIBE A TIME WHEN YOU GOT INCORRECT INFORMATION

In a world where everyone seems to be bombarded with (bị nhồi nhét bởi)
negative and fake news ( các tin xấu), it is easy for us to get incorrect information, and
today I will take this chance to tell you one such circumstance.
At that time, I was using Facebook and a piece of news popped up on my newsfeed
(hiện lên trên), talking that the lockdown order was finally lifted(lệnh phong tỏa
được dỡ bỏ) by the government. To be more specific, the prime minister finally decided
to lift the lockdown order which had been for almost 14 days. The main reason was
thanks to the good control of the pandemic(đại dịch).
To this, right from the next day, people could return to their normal lives. Students
could go to schools; markets, restaurants, and entertainment palours(tụ điểm giải trí)
were reopened. People could go to the park to stroll around or go to the gym to work out.
Of course, everyone had to wearthe mask.
No words could describe exactly how happy and relieved I was at that time. For a long time,
people from all walks of life(mọi tầng lớp) were under enormous stress (bị stress
nặng). Therefore when the news of the ceasing of the lockdown (việc nới lỏng phong
tỏa) broke out, everybody had a sigh of relief(cảm thấy nhẹ đầu).

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Sad as it was, when I called my uncle, who was a civil worker to check the
information, he told me that the news was a fake one. It meant that there was not any
formal announcement about lifting the lockdown order from the government. It turned out
that all of us were fooled by a bad guy who just wanted to hook views for his post, which
made me not only disappointed but also really angry.

VERSION 2

I remember a time when I was little and my mother told me something that turned out to
be completely untrue. She warned me that swallowing fruit seeds would cause trees to
grow inside my stomach, and one day branches would grow out from my mouth. You
know, I was terrified to hear that and even made sure to avoid eating any fruit with
seeds for many days.

It wasn't until later in life that I learned this was simply a myth. One day, when the old
story suddenly came to my mind, out of curiosity, I did some research on the internet,
and found out the truth. In fact, fruit seeds actually pass through our digestive system
without growing into trees. Of course, seeds may sprout (nảy mầm) in the right
conditions, but it's impossible for them to do so inside our bodies, in gastric acid
solution. That explained why, throughout my childhood, I sometimes accidentally
swallowed seeds without any sequelae (hậu quả). But each time I did, I was really
nervous about what would happen to me later.

Well, the information my mother provided was incorrect and it caused unnecessary fear
and anxiety. But, looking back, I realize that my mother had good intentions in telling
me this story. She probably wanted to discourage me from swallowing seeds, which
might block the airway to my lungs, and cause breathing obstruction. Or maybe she
wanted to ensure that I chewed the seeds properly.

Another lesson I learned from this was the importance of fact-checking and questioning
information that seems too good to be true, or too strange to be real.

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gastric acid solution (n): dung dịch axit dạ dày

cause breathing obstruction (v):hearsay (n): tin đồn

1. What kind of professions are related to giving information to others?

There are several professions that are related to giving information to others,
such as journalists, librarians, tour guides, teachers, trainers, customer service
representatives, technical writers, public speakers, and translators. These professions
require excellent communication skills, a deep understanding of their subject matter,
and the ability to convey information effectively to their audience. They play an
essential role in informing, educating, entertaining, and guiding people.

2. What is the difference between giving information by phone and email?

Both phone and email can be used to give information, but there are some
differences. Phone communication allows for immediate back-and-forth dialogue,
which can help to clarify information. Email communication, on the other hand, can be
more convenient for both the sender and receiver, allowing them to review and respond
at their own pace. Email can also provide a written record of the conversation for
future reference.

3. How can people check whether a piece of information is correct or not?

There are several ways to check the accuracy of information. First, you can look
for multiple sources and cross-check the information to see if it's consistent. Second,
you can consult with experts in the field to verify the information. Third, you can fact-
check the information using reliable sources such as newspapers, journals, or
government websites. Lastly, you can use critical thinking and analyze the information
to see if it's logical and coherent.

4. Do people trust the information online?

With the vast amount of information available online, it can be difficult to

determine which sources are trustworthy. Some people do trust information they find
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online, while others are more skeptical. It is important to verify the credibility of
sources by checking for supporting evidence, credentials of the author, and the
reputation of the website or platform.

TOPIC 17. DESCRIBE AN IDEAL HOUSE OR APARTMENT WHERE YOU WANT TO LIVE

Hoặc A PERFECT HOUSE YOU SAW

(Tái sử dụng đề này – thay đổi 1 số chỗ về thì và câu dẫn cho phù hợp)

Well, the very first thing that springs to my mind is my grandmother’s house, which
is 20 km away from my house. I often visit her house once every week. I’d say that I was so
drawn to (bị cuốn hút với) that place. So, I would love to take this chance to tell you
about that place so you can visualize (tưởng tượng) it more easily.
Well, my grandma’s house is located in a peaceful village, so when I went there, I
could enjoy the tranquil atmosphere (không khí trong lành).
It is a big house, with three bedrooms, a kitchen, 2 bathrooms, and 2 gardens. The
thing I like most about the house is that it has only one floor so that all members of the
family could feel more close-knit (khăng khít).
As I am very fond of gardening, spending time there was extremely wonderful. Her
house had 2 gardens, a back garden where they planted fruit trees and a front garden
where they planted some kinds of vegetables and flowers. This enabled me to immerse
myself in nature (đắm chìm vào thiên nhiên) and ease our mind (thư thái) whenever
I feel too stressed.
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In the front yard, there was a coffee table where we could sit and have a chat over a
drink while looking at beautiful flower beds.
In the evening, we could sit in the front yard admiring the mysterious beauty of
the sparkling stars at night. It’s romantic, right?
So, that’s my grandma’s house which I really love to visit. I hope that in the future, I
will have a cozy house like that.

VERSION 2

Actually I haven’t figured out a house that is particularly interesting to me but somehow I had
some ideas in my mind. Well, my ideal house would be located in the suburbs cuz I am a kinda
person who dislikes the hectic pace of life / the hustle and bustle in big cities. In contrast, I
enjoy peace and tranquility. About the exteriors, I’d like the house to be spacious and made of
wood. It should be surrounded by a garden full of colorful flowers and a green lawn, of
course. In the middle of the garden, there would sit a table and chairs so that I can enjoy some
tea in the afternoon while admiring the glamorous beauty of the sunset. Inside, despite its
rustic appearance, the house should be equipped with a wide range of gadgets like a cleaning
robot, an air filter, a dishwasher and more, which ensure a convenient life. Another thing I
would like to have in my house is a karaoke room with an international standard sound
system. You know I have immense love for singing. Whenever I have free time, by singing my
favorite song, I can shake off any sense of stress and lift up my spirit / mood. Last but not
least, there would be a small library filled with interesting books. In the evening, before
bedtime, I would open pages, and enter another world of fantasy or sometimes mystery. Well,
such a building would make my life complete.
exterior (n): ngoại thất
admire (v): thưởng ngoạn, thưởng thức (vẻ đẹp)
glamorous (adj): hào nhoáng
rustic (adj): mộc mạc
shake off (v): rũ bỏ

1 What difficulties do people have living in the city?

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Living in the city can present several challenges for people. One of the main
difficulties is the high cost of living, including housing, food, and transportation which
can be significantly higher than in rural areas. Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle in
cities can make it challenging to find time to relax and unwind. Another challenge that
people face in urban areas is the high levels of pollution, including air pollution and
noise pollution. This can negatively impact people's health and well-being. Finally,
urban areas can also be more dangerous than rural areas, with higher crime rates and
a greater risk of accidents.
2 What's the difference between living in an apartment and in a house?
There are several differences between living in an apartment and living in a
house. One of the main differences is the level of privacy and personal space.
Generally, houses offer more privacy and personal space. On the other hand,
apartments are often located in multi-unit buildings and may have shared walls,
hallways, and common areas, which can limit privacy and personal space.
In terms of amenities, houses often have more outdoor space, such as a yard or
patio, while apartments may have access to shared amenities such as a pool or gym.
Cost is also a significant difference between living in an apartment and living in a
house. Generally, apartments are more affordable than houses.

Do young people in your country like to live with their parents or by

themselves?

In Vietnam, traditionally, it is common for young people to live with their parents
until they get married. However, in recent years, there has been a trend of young
people choosing to live independently, especially in bigger cities like Hanoi or Ho Chi
Minh City. This is partly due to the increasing opportunities for work and study in these
cities, and also the changing attitudes towards independence and personal freedom.
Nevertheless, many young people still value the close family ties and support that come
with living with their parents.

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TOPIC 18. DESCRIBE AN ADVENTURE YOU WOULD LIKE TO TAKE IN THE FUTURE

(Tái sử dụng đề này – thay đổi 1 số chỗ về thì và câu dẫn cho phù hợp)

You know, for years, I have been dreaming of a trip on a motorbike, to

mountainous areas in the Northwest of Vietnam. There are a myriad of reasons for me
to choose a motorcycle for such once-in-a-lifetime journey.

I would like to go by motorcycle because firstly, I’m obsessed with car sickness,
which can turn my holidays into a nightmare.

Furthermore, a motorbike allows me to feel the difference in the atmosphere,

when I move from the delta to higher altitude, rather than inhale conditioned air in a
car.

Last but not least, another simple reason is that I haven’t got a car yet. And, if
you ask me why I choose Northwestern highland, it’s because I was born in a port city,
so the sea no longer stirs up my curiosity. I mean I’ve been too familiar with activities
on the beach. In contrast, I’m always attracted by the pristine beauty (vẻ đẹp sơ khai)
of mountains and hills in Mù Cang Chải, Sapa, and Mộc Châu. The trip will allow me
to experience the cultures of minor ethnic groups. One of the must-do (những thứ phải
làm) I would have is to enjoy the local cuisine, with signature foods (đồ ăn nổi tiếng/
đặc trung) like hand-carried piglets (lợn cắp nách), smoked pork and beef (đồ nướng
gác bếp) and corn liquor (rượu ngô). Thinking of those treats is enough to make me
mouth-watering. More importantly, by having a motorbike, I will have the liberty to
discover without any limitations. I’ll be able to weave through (len lỏi qua) small paths
that are not suitable for a car and go off the beaten track (đến những nơi ít người biết
tới). That adventure would also make me feel the difficulties in the locals’ daily life and
learn to cherish what I have.

once-in-a-lifetime (adj): một lần trong đời

pristine (adj): hoang sơ
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weave through (v): len lỏi qua

go off the beaten track (v) đến những nơi ít người biết tới

1. What kind of personality should a person have to be able to take risks?

To take risks, a person needs to have a certain degree of courage, confidence,

and resilience. They should be willing to step outside their comfort zone and try new
things, even if there is a chance of failure or uncertainty. Risk-takers are often creative,
innovative, and have a vision for the future. Additionally, they must be able to learn
from their mistakes and adapt their approach to achieve success in their endeavors (nỗ
lực).

2. Will a lot of adventures expand your horizons?

Yes, taking on a lot of adventures can definitely expand your horizons.

Adventures can provide you with new experiences, challenges, and opportunities to
learn about different cultures and ways of life. They can also push you out of your
comfort zone and help you develop skills such as problem-solving, adaptability, and
resilience. By exposing yourself to new and unfamiliar situations, you can gain a
broader perspective and a deeper understanding of the world around you.

3. Why do they like to read adventure stories instead of experiencing them?

People may enjoy reading adventure stories because they provide a sense of
excitement and thrill without the risks and potential dangers that come with real-life
adventure. Additionally, Some people may also not have the resources or desire to
pursue adventurous activities in real life, but can still satisfy their curiosity and sense
of adventure through reading.

TOPIC 19. DESCRIBE AN IMPORTANT/ DIFFICULT DECISION YOU ONCE MADE

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So, I will take this chance to tell you about the time I let my cousin know the truth.
My younger sister, Linh used to be an obese girl. She was only in grade 8 but was 65 kg at
that time. She kept complaining about her weight every time we met, which I was really
tired of. She tried to lose weight by skipping breakfast. However, she led a sedentary
lifestyle and consumed unhealthy food and drinks.
I wanted to help her, so I decided to tell her the truth that the way she was doing to get fit
was wrong although I might risk making her lose her face.
- I told her that breakfast was the most important meal of the day, so she should never skip
it. In fact, This helps boost our immunity(tăng cường hệ miễn dịch) and also helps us
go through the day with full energy. It’s quite an eye-opener (mở mang tầm mắt) to her as
she had never heard of this before, and many of hers did that.
- I also advised her to stay away from or cut down on the amount of soft drinks, packed food,
and junk food. Instead, she should eat more whole-grain food(ngũ cốc nguyên cám) or
salads as they are good sources of proteins and nutrients.
- I also told her to take part in some physical activities instead of glueing her eyes to her
phone’s screen. In short, she needn’t do some strenuous exercises(bài tập nặng) or go on
a strict diet (Ăn kiêng hà khắc), but make some small changes in her eating and living
habits.
- Though she was quite offended at first as I criticized her lifestyle, she started to follow my
advice and lost 8 kg after 6 months.
- So, it’s the time when I made in important decision to tell my sister a truth, and it did help
her a lot.

What important decisions do teenagers need to make after graduation?

After graduation, teenagers face a number of important decisions that can shape their
future. One of the most crucial decisions is whether to pursue further education, such
as attending university or a vocational training program. Choosing a career path and
finding employment is another major decision that teenagers must consider.
Additionally, teenagers must make decisions about where they want to live, whether to
pursue travel or other life experiences, and how to manage their finances.
Why is it difficult for young men to make an important decision?
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There are several reasons why it can be difficult for young men to make
important decisions. Firstly, they may lack life experience and may not have
encountered similar situations before, making it hard for them to weigh the pros and
cons effectively. Additionally, they may feel pressure from societal expectations or from
family and friends to make a certain decision, which can be overwhelming. Finally,
they may be afraid of making the wrong choice and experiencing negative
consequences, leading to indecisiveness and hesitation.

How can we know we make a good decision?

Knowing whether we have made a good decision depends on several factors,

such as having a clear understanding of our goals and values, gathering relevant
information, weighing the pros and cons, considering the potential consequences, and
trusting our intuition. It is also important to assess the outcome of our decisions and
learn from our mistakes

Should parents let their children make a decision?

It depends on the age and maturity level of the child and the decision in question.
Giving children the opportunity to make decisions can help them develop decision-
making skills and a sense of independence, but parents should also be there to guide
and support them. For important decisions that may have long-term consequences,
such as those related to education or health, parents may need to be more involved in
the decision-making process.

TOPIC 20. DESCRIBE A WATER SPORT YOU WANT TO TRY IN THE FUTURE

DESCRIBE A SPORT YOU ENJOY WATCHING

SAMPLE 1

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I wanna talk about sea walking. Well, I first knew about this aquatic sport when I
watched a viral video about it on YouTube, and have been dreaming of giving it a try
one day.

Sea walking is an underwater activity which involves wearing a helmet connected to

fresh air while walking along the bottom of the seafloor. Sea walking, also known as
helmet diving, is the perfect opportunity for those who aren't confident in the water,
don't know how to swim or aren't certified to scuba dive.

To make it easier for you to imagine, well, the person is lowered on the seabed, not
very deep though. Thus the person can easily walk around on the seabed, looking at the
marvelous underwater world and enjoying an activity unlike any other. Only with
about 33kg helmet, you get to walk under the sea for about 20 minutes, experiencing
the beautiful sea while admiring marine plants, corals, starfishes, and tropical fishes.
This is a completely safe activity to indulge in, even for novices, kids and the elderly.

Though it has been quite popular in many parts of the world, this sport was actually
recently introduced in Vietnam.

Though it is quite expensive for people like to experience, I mean, one try might cost
you around $50-$70, it is still one of the points on my bucket list and I am saving for it.

(các em chú ý có thể paraphrase lại bằng các cụm từ/ từ dễ hơn nhé)

SAMPLE 2

I wanna talk about surfing. You know, when talking about surfing, people think of the
awe-inspiring sight of a skilled surfer riding the waves with perfect balance and
control.

One of the most impressive things about surfing is the way surfers seem to dance on the
waves. They stand tall on the water, controlling the waves beneath their feet with
perfect balance and grace. The surfboards themselves leave behind beautiful, curving

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lines of white foam, almost like an artist drawing on the water. And that’s what we
often see on Youtube and TV.

Well, while surfing may look easy, it is anything but. In fact, it’s highly demanding,
and it’s not for everyone. Say, it requires a variety of skills and lots of practice to
maintain balance on the board and control the waves. And once a surfer is out in the
open sea, there are many dangers to contend with (đối mặt), from dangerous high
waves to sharks. And the risk of getting drown in the sea exists even for the best and
most seasoned surfers.

However, though surfing is a popular sport in many countries around the world, it’s
not in Vietnam. Maybe it’s because in Vietnam the waves are not high enough to
accommodate surfing. And so it’s hard to find any surfers here.

You know, one of the points on my bucket list is traveling to Australia, where I can
learn from professional surfers and challenge myself to master the sport. It may be a
daunting goal, but the beauty and excitement of surfing make it a dream worth
pursuing.

awe-inspiring (adj): đầy cảm hứng

grace (n): vẻ đẹp
it is anything but (expression): hoàn toàn ko phải vậy
seasoned (adj): giàu kinh nghiệm
bucket list (n): danh sách việc cần làm trước khi ngủm củ tỏi

What are the pluses and minuses of transporting goods on water?

Transporting goods on water has several advantages, including the ability to
transport large quantities of goods over long distances in a cost-effective manner.
Water transport is also environmentally friendly, as it produces fewer emissions
compared to other forms of transport. Moreover, water transport is not affected by
traffic congestion. However, water transport can also have some drawbacks, such as

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limited accessibility to inland areas, slower transit times, and the risk of damage or
loss of cargo due to weather or accidents.
What water sports are popular in your country?
Vietnam is a coastal country that offers a wide range of water sports for locals
and tourists alike. Swimming is one of the most popular water sports in Vietnam.
Surfing, windsurfing, and kayaking , diving and snorkeling are also being more and
more popular.In addition, traditional water sports such as rowing and dragon boat
racing are popular in Vietnam's cultural festivals and events.
Do you think it is necessary for everyone to learn to swim?
Yes, I can’t agree more with that. Swimming is not only a valuable life skill but
also a crucial one. It allows individuals to enjoy water activities safely and confidently,
reducing the risk of drowning. Swimming is also a wonderful means of physical fitness.
It significantly boosts musical strength and helps improve height. And it’s good for
those suffering from spine issues.
spine (n): cột sống
Why should we develop water transport?
Well, one reason is that it provides a cost-effective and energy-efficient mode of
transportation. I remember I read somewhere that transportation via waterways is
much cheaper than roadways and airways. That’s why we now have giant container
vessels whose lengths are equal to tens of soccer fields. Also, water transport helps
reduce road congestion on the road, which is a head-aching issue in major cities.
What kinds of water sports are popular nowadays?
You know, I’m thinking of swimming, surfing, kayaking, and windsurfing. Among
those, swimming is of course the most universally practiced and everyone can benefit
from learning this essential life skill. Surfing and windsurfing are very popular in
coastal countries like Australia and Brazil, but not as much in Vietnam, probably
because we lack consistent large waves suitable for these sports.
What is the difference between outdoor sports and indoor sports?
What is the difference between outdoor sports and indoor sports?

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Well, the main difference I can think of is the environment in which they are
played. Outdoor sports take place in open-air settings. Some of them use natural
factors like weather and terrain. Meanwhile, indoor sports are played within enclosed
spaces and controlled conditions.

TOPIC 21. DESCRIBE A TIME WHEN YOU WENT TO A PLACE WHERE THERE WERE
LOTS OF PEOPLE

The very first thing that springs to my mind is the time a bunch of my friends and I
joined a live show with the attendance of many renowned singers in my country about 5 years
ago, and I have to admit that at that time, I was so excited.
So, to talk about the Liveshow, it was held in My Dinh stadium, which is the largest
stadium in my country and it can accommodate up to 3000 people.
I was immensely excited waiting for the show as all of my favorite singers and bands
would be there to perform.
To be honest, the front row tickets were prohibitively expensive but we hoped to be
near the singers and feel the vibe and yk, luckily, the whole performance didn't disappoint us.
All the performers were really beyond excellent.

The atmosphere was electric (náo nhiệt, sôi động), and it was so much fun to be a part
of it all. All the seats were occupied, and I think there were about 1200 people at the event as
the whole stadium was jam-packed (chật cứng). In other words, we were packed like sardins.
We were all jumping and dancing and singing at the top of our lungs (ồn ào, hết mức có thể).
When the concert was over, we were all hoarse (khản cổ) from singing and our feet were sore
from dancing.

I must say, it was totally a feast to our eyes and ears with the support of light and
sound system, and of course, loyal fans. Although it was so crowded and scorching hot, it
didn't matter as we were all feeling high. To cut the story short, it was such a memorable and
enjoyable event. And though the ticket price was equal to our savings for a whole month, we
all agreed that it was totally worth it.

What do you think of the phenomenon of people queueing in restaurants for

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more than an hour?

Actually, it is becoming increasingly common. Some people view it as a sign of a great

restaurant, while others see it as a waste of time. In my opinion, the decision to queue for a
restaurant depends on one's personal preference and priorities. Some people may find the
experience of waiting in line with friends or family enjoyable, while others may prefer to find
a restaurant with a shorter wait time.

Why do some people love to live in tall buildings nowadays?

There are several reasons why some people prefer to live in tall buildings nowadays.
One of the main reasons is the view - living on a high floor offers a spectacular view of the
surrounding area. Additionally, living in a high-rise building may also provide a sense of
prestige and status. Another reason is the convenience of living in the city center, close to
work and entertainment options.

Do you think people enjoy going to crowded places? Why?

Some people may enjoy going to crowded places because it gives them a sense of
excitement and energy. They may feel a sense of connection and belonging when they are
surrounded by others, especially in social situations. Crowded places may also offer a variety
of activities, entertainment, and social interactions, making it a desirable destination for
some. However, other people may not enjoy crowded places due to a fear of crowds, anxiety,
or a preference for quiet.

How do you think people should deal with traffic congestion?

There are several ways people can deal with traffic congestion. Firstly, they can use public
transportation, such as buses or trains, instead of driving their own cars. This can help reduce
the number of cars on the road. Secondly, governments can invest in infrastructure
improvements, such as building more roads or expanding public transportation systems, to
help alleviate congestion.

Where is the most crowded place in your city?

People behave differently in crowded places, why do you think this happens?

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Well, it is due to various factors, including cultural norms, personal characteristics,

and situational factors. For example, some people may feel anxious or overwhelmed in
crowded spaces, while others may feel energized and stimulated. Additionally, cultural
norms may influence how people interact with others in crowded places, with some cultures
valuing personal space and privacy more than others. Situational factors, such as the
purpose of being in the crowded place, can also influence behavior, with people acting
differently depending on whether they are there for work, leisure, or other reasons.

TOPIC 22. DESCRIBE A GIFT YOU WILL GIVE SOMEONE WHEN YOU SAVE A LOT OF
MONEY.

Đề này rất dễ tái chế - các em có thể dùng đề này, hoặc chỉnh lõi bên trong thành
việc đưa bố mẹ đi đến vùng Tây Bắc (bài adventure), hoặc mua vé cho bố mẹ đi
trải nghiệm sea walking (vì bố mẹ đã xem video về nó và rất thích..)

When I have the opportunity to save up a significant amount of money, I would love to
give my parents a long tourist trip to a destination of their choice. My parents have
always been hard-working and have sacrificed a lot to provide me and my siblings with
the best life possible. So, I want to show my appreciation and gratitude by giving them
a memorable and enjoyable experience.

My parents have never had the chance to travel outside of our country, so a long tourist
trip would be a dream come true for them. I would like to give them the freedom to
choose their destination so that they can fully enjoy the experience. It could be a
European tour, a trip to Asian countries, or even a safari adventure in Africa.
Wherever they choose, I would ensure that they have everything they need to make their
trip comfortable and unforgettable.

I imagine that the trip would include a range of activities such as visiting famous
landmarks, trying new cuisines, and experiencing different cultures. They would have
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the opportunity to immerse themselves in a new environment and learn about the
history and traditions of the visited places.

I would also make sure that their trip is well-planned, as it may be a once-in-a-lifetime
experience for my beloved parents, and I don’t want it to be ruined by something
preventable, like poor hotel services.

Of course, that trip will cost a fortune, and so it’s a motivation for me to try harder, to
be able to realize it.

Why is it hard for some people to save money?

There could be several reasons why some people find it difficult to save money.
One reason could be the lack of financial literacy, where they do not know how to
manage their finances effectively. Additionally, some people may have a spending habit
that is difficult to break, leading to overspending and difficulty in saving money. Others
may have a low income, making it challenging to make ends meet and save money at
the same time. Lastly, unexpected expenses or emergencies can also prevent people
from saving money.

What is the best way of saving money?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer(câu trả lời làm vừa lòng tất cả/ đúng tuyệt
đối) to the best way of saving money, as it depends on a person's financial situation and
goals. However, some common methods of saving money include creating a budget,
tracking expenses, setting financial goals, automating savings, avoiding impulse
purchases, and finding ways to increase income. It's also important to have a plan for
what to do with the money saved, such as investing it for the future or paying off debt.

Should children have pocket money?

The decision of whether or not to give children pocket money is up to individual

families. However, giving children pocket money can be a good way to teach them
about money management. By giving children a set amount of money each week or

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month, they can learn how to budget and prioritize their spending. It can also help them
develop a sense of responsibility and independence as they learn to make decisions
about how to spend their money. However, it's important for parents to set guidelines
and teach their children about responsible spending and saving habits.

Is it easy for people to save money to buy expensive items?

Saving money to buy expensive items can be difficult for many people because it
requires discipline and careful planning. It's easy to get caught up in impulse buying
and overspending, which can lead to difficulty in saving enough money. However, with
a clear goal in mind, creating a budget, and practicing good financial habits such as
reducing unnecessary expenses and saving a portion of income regularly, it is possible
to save enough money to buy expensive items.

How do you choose presents for others if you don’t know what they like? Is it

difficult to buy the right present?

Choosing presents for others can be challenging, especially if you don't know
what they like. To solve this problem, you can consider their age, hobbies, and
interests. You can also ask their friends or family members for advice or observe what
they enjoy doing. It is important to remember that the best present is something
thoughtful and personal that reflects the recipient's personality.

How do you think about people giving money to charity organization?

Donating money to charity organizations is a positive and noble act, as it helps

individuals and communities in need. Charitable donations can assist in providing
financial support for education, healthcare, poverty alleviation, disaster relief, and
other social causes. Giving to charity also fosters a sense of empathy, and can
contribute to personal satisfaction and fulfillment. However, it is essential to research
and choose reputable organizations to ensure that donations are used effectively and
efficiently.

What do young people like to save money to buy?

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Young people have different preferences for what they like to save money for,
depending on their interests, needs, and goals. Some may save money to buy the latest
technology gadgets, such as smartphones, laptops, or gaming consoles. Others may
save up for travel experiences or to purchase concert or sports event tickets. Some may
focus on saving for higher education, a car, or even a house.

TOPIC 23. DESCRIBE A SPORTS PROGRAM YOU LIKE TO WATCH

I love watching the football World Cup. The international soccer tournament
only takes place every four years, and it’s obviously the biggest event in the world of
sports.

What makes the World Cup so exciting is the level of competition among the
teams. There, the best players from each country come together to compete against
each other, and the intensity of the matches is unparalleled. The matches are often
filled with unexpected twists and turns, as an underdog can sometimes take a more
highly-ranked team by surprise. You may not know who will win till the end of the
match. And even when the better team dominates the match, it is still fascinating to
watch, with mesmerizing/bewitching displays of skills by top-tier footballers.

Also, as teach team represents its country, each tournament is highly emotional.
It’s when supporters can best feel the national pride, and the emotions swing with the
developments (diễn biến) of each game. Football fans of a particular country also feel
a special sense of unity as they all support the same team.

And the World Cup is attractive not just because of the game. It has cultural
significance. It brings together people from all corners of the world to celebrate their
love of football. It’s also an opportunity for nations to showcase their unique cultures,
traditions, and values. For example, the host country can introduce its cultural richness
via the opening and closing ceremonies, as well as smaller events throughout the
tournament.
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unparalleled (adj): không thể so sánh nổi - twists and turns (idiom): kịch tính

underdog (n): đội ở cửa dưới - take sb by surprise (n): khiến ai phải ngạc nhiên

more highly-ranked (adj): được đánh giá cao hơn - showcase (v): khoe ra

mesmerizing (adj): quyến rũ - bewitching (adj): mê hoặc

top-tier (adj): hàng đầu - developments (n): diễn biến
emotions swing (expression): cảm xúc thay đổi từ tâm trạng này sang tâm trạng khác liên tục

What sports do you think most people like to do?

When it comes to sports, people’s preferences widely vary, I can say. However, there
are some sports that tend to have broad appeal. Those include football and basketball.
These sports are a perfect combination of physical fitness, teamwork, and competition.
And you know, running, bike riding and swimming are also popular ‘cos they’re simple
and suit most people.
Do children need to exercise?
Yes, children need to have regular physical movement. It’s crucial for their health.
Exercise helps children develop strong muscles and bones, maintain a healthy weight,
and improve their cardiovascular fitness. It’s also important to form a healthy lifestyle
during their young age. Without that routine, they tend to lead a sedentary lifestyle as
they grow up, which puts them at risk of serious health issues.
Do you play sports professionally or make friends?

What’s the difference between playing sports on your own and playing sports

in a group?

Playing sports on your own means the individual sets their own goals and works
towards achieving them. On the other hand, playing sports in a group involves
teamwork, social interaction, and the opportunity to develop interpersonal skills. In
addition to the physical benefits, group sports can help individuals build relationships
and a sense of community. Overall, both individual and group sports have their own
advantages and can be a valuable part of a healthy lifestyle.
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TOPIC 24. DESCRIBE A JOB YOU THINK IS INTERESTING

You know, becoming a hotel manager has always been my dream career path. I am passionate
about this job for many different reasons. The very first is its high salary. As far as I know, a hotel
manager makes from 100 to 200 grand a year, which would provide me with a comfortable lifestyle.

Additionally, as people's living standards continue to rise, there is a continuous increase in

their demands for long trips, to exotic lands. This trend creates an abundance of opportunities for
those in the hospitality industry, including hotel managers.

What also makes this job appealing is the frequent travel it entails. Attending seminars and
conferences is a key aspect of a hotel manager's job, which means I would have the chance to travel to
different countries, while enjoying free flight tickets and accommodation.

In particular, I am planning to study abroad in Switzerland, as the country is famous for its
pristine beauty. I am excited to witness the magnificence of mountains covered in white snow and
bungalows surrounded by green lawns, which offer breathtaking views. Although studying in
Switzerland can be expensive, I believe it will be a worthy investment for my future career.

Also, as a hotel manager, I would have the opportunity to interact with people from different
cultural backgrounds, learn about their customs and traditions, and broaden my horizons. Overall,
my passion for becoming a hotel manager is driven by a combination of financial security, travel
opportunities, and personal growth.

passionate about sth (adj): đam mê với cái gì

grand (n - informal): ngàn đô
exotic (adj): mới lạ
an abundance of (quant): rất nhiều
the hospitality industry (n): ngành khách sạn
entail (v): kéo theo
pristine (adj): hoang sơ
magnificence (n): sự ngoạn mục
bungalow (n): nhà sàn
breathtaking view (n): cảnh đẹp ngoạn mục, ná thở
broaden one’s horizons (idiom): mở rộng vốn hiểu biết
drive (v): thúc đẩy

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Do you think it's important for secondary schools to offer careers advice to students?
Absolutely, I believe it's crucial for secondary schools to provide careers
advice to their students. During this critical stage, students need guidance on their
career paths to make informed decisions about their future. Without proper guidance,
students may struggle to identify their strengths, interests, and abilities, hindering their
career prospects. Additionally, careers advice can help students understand the job
market and the skills required to succeed in their chosen field.

What professions are most popular with young people in your country now?

In Vietnam, some of the most popular professions among young people include
information technology, finance, marketing, and healthcare. The rapid growth of the
technology sector has created many job opportunities for young people interested in
fields such as software engineering and digital marketing. Meanwhile, the healthcare
industry is also growing and attracting young people to professions such as nursing
and pharmacy. Finally, the finance sector remains a popular choice for those interested
in banking, accounting, and financial management.

What kinds of jobs are well-paid in your country?

In Vietnam, some of the highest paying jobs are in the fields of finance,
information technology, engineering, and healthcare. For example, finance
professionals, such as investment bankers and financial analysts, can earn high
salaries due to the country's rapidly growing economy. However, salaries can vary
depending on experience, education, and industry demand.

Which jobs pay low wages but require a high level of skills?

They include professions in the fields of education, social work, and the arts.
For instance, teachers and professors often hold advanced degrees and require
specialized training but may earn lower salaries compared to other professions with
similar levels of education. Social workers also require specialized skills to help people
in need, but salaries may not reflect the level of expertise required. Similarly, artists

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and performers may require years of training and practice but often struggle to earn a
living wage.

What are the differences people choose jobs between now and in the past?
There are several differences between the reasons people choose jobs now
compared to in the past. In the past, job security and stability were often the primary
factors considered, with employees staying with one employer for their entire career.
Today, however, people are more likely to prioritize job satisfaction, work-life
balance, and opportunities for growth and development. Additionally, the rise of
technology has created new job opportunities in fields such as information technology
and digital marketing.

Which is more important, the people you work with or the job you do?

Both the people you work with and the job you do are important factors in
determining job satisfaction. While the work itself is crucial in providing a sense of
purpose and accomplishment, having good colleagues and a supportive work
environment can also make a significant difference. People want to feel valued and
respected at work, and positive relationships with coworkers can contribute to a sense
of belonging and teamwork.

TOPIC 25. DESCRIBE A TRADITIONAL FESTIVAL IN YOUR COUNTRY

The Lunar New Year, known as Tet in Vietnam, is truly the most important festival in
Vietnamese culture. The excitement leading up to Tet can be felt throughout the country as people
prepare for the event. About a week before the holiday, we purchase peach trees, yellow apricot trees,
and kumquat trees as decorations. We believe that these flowers and fruits will bring good luck,
health, and prosperity to the family.

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Besides, Tet is also a time for us to show our love and gratitude towards our grandparents and
ancestors. Many people travel back to their hometowns to do some worshipping and visit family
members they may not see often throughout the year.

The festival itself lasts for 10 days, providing a much-needed break from the daily grind of
work and school. Families come together to share meals, stories, and laughter while enjoying unique
traditional foods like chung cake, boiled chicken, and pickled onions.

And, it would be a miss not to mention a comedian show named “Tao Quan”, which is aired at
8p.m. on the last day of the lunar year. This show brings viewers laughter and joy, with its parody
music and metaphors, getting people in a festive mood. The excitement continues with a spectacular
firework show to welcome the new year.

Finally, the most thrilling part of Tet is giving and receiving lucky money, which is wrapped in
red envelopes as a way people wish each other good luck in the new year. To cut the story short, Tet is
a meaningful and beautiful tradition that celebrates family, love, and new beginnings.

peach tree (n): cây đào

yellow apricot tree (n): cây mai vàng
kumquat tree (n): cây quất
ancestor (n): tổ tiên
worshipping (n): việc thờ cúng
much-needed (adj): được mong đợi
the daily grind (n): sự vất vả của công việc hàng ngày
pickled onion (n): hành muối
parody music (n): nhạc chế
metaphor (n): phép ẩn dụ
a festive mood (n): một tâm trạng lễ hội (phấn chấn)

Is it important to celebrate traditional festivals?

Yes, definitely. These festivities hold immense value. They connect us with our cultural
roots, foster a sense of belonging, and help preserve our heritage. They provide an
opportunity for communities to come together, share joy, and pass down customs and time-
honored traditions to future generations. That’s not to mention the economic benefits ‘coz
traditional festivals attract tourists, and so create job opportunities for the locals.
Do you think these traditions will be lost in the future?
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It depends. While some traditions may face the risk of disappearing in the face of
modernization and societal changes, others will continue to be cherished and preserved. And
whether a tradition continues to be alive depends on the locals’ efforts to value and uphold
them. Of course, it’s also reasonable to let some customs fall into oblivion as they’re no
longer suitable for modern life.
in the face of sth (pre): trước cái gì (đối mặt vấn đề gì)
fall into oblivion (v): rơi vào quên lãng
Are traditional festivals disappearing?
It depends. Some festivals have experienced a decline in recent years due to their
unsuitability for modern life. Meanwhile, many other traditional festivities still hold strong
cultural significance and continue to be celebrated with enthusiasm. For example, in my city,
festivals featuring animal fights are no longer organized as they violate animals’ rights, while
street carnivals are widely embraced.
Should children learn about traditional festivals at school?
Absolutely yes, because introducing children to traditional festivals at school offers
numerous benefits. It teaches them to appreciate their cultural heritage and develop a sense of
identity. It helps children understand the values, customs, and history of their community, and
also, it promotes cross-cultural understanding and respect.
How do people in Vietnam value traditional festivals?
In Vietnam, traditional festivals hold great cultural and historical significance, and
they are highly valued by the people. Many of these festivals are linked to religious or cultural
traditions, and they often involve colorful celebrations with music, dancing, and food. During
these festivals, families and communities come together to honor their ancestors, show respect
for their traditions, and strengthen their sense of unity.

What’s the difference between the ways festivals are celebrated now and in

the past?

The ways festivals are celebrated have changed significantly over time. In the past,
festivals were often deeply rooted in religious or cultural traditions, and their observance was
more formal and structured. Today, however, festivals have become more diverse, reflecting
the changing social and cultural values of communities. Many festivals now include a range of
activities and events that appeal to a broader audience, such as music concerts, art
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exhibitions, and food fairs. Additionally, advances in technology have made it possible to
share festival experiences with a wider audience through live streaming and social media.

Do children like to learn about traditional festivals?

In general, many children enjoy learning about traditional festivals as they offer a fun
and exciting way to learn about their cultural heritage. Festivals provide an opportunity for
children to learn about the beliefs, values, and customs of their community, and to develop a
sense of pride and identity. Participating in festivals can also foster a sense of belonging and
community among children. Additionally, many festivals involve lively music, colorful
decorations, and delicious food, which can make learning about traditional festivals an
enjoyable and memorable experience for children.

Is music important to traditional festivals?

Yes, music is often an important part of traditional festivals. Many festivals feature
traditional music and dance performances that are an integral part of the celebrations. Music
can create a festive atmosphere, and it is often used to invite people to participate in the
celebrations. Additionally, music can help to pass down cultural values and traditions to
future generations and is an essential part of preserving the cultural heritage of a community.

TOPIC 26. DESCRIBE AN INTERESTING SPEECH YOU GAVE / AN INTERESTING

SPEECH

(đề này các em lưu ý, tùy theo đề bài là em thực hiện bài phát biểu, hay bài phát
biểu của người khác, các em thay đổi cho linh hoạt nhé)

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The topic reminds me of a remarkable speech by a high-ranked military officier in the US.
Actually I don’t remember his name, but I remember the name of the speech, which was "If
You Want to Change the World, Start Off by Making Your Bed."

The speech was both inspiring and thought-provoking. The officer began by sharing his
personal accounts from his Navy SEAL training. There, he emphasized the significance of
discipline and perseverance.

One of the most memorable parts of the speech was when he described the importance of
starting the day by “making the bed”. It might sound weird and humorous, but turns out to be
a striking metaphor. This simple act was linked to the completion of the first task of the day,
and its ripple effect on the rest of an individual’s life. The message was that: “small actions
can lead to larger accomplishments”.

Also, from the speech, young people like us can learn valuable life lessons. One of them is the
power of teamwork, and how important it is to support and rely on one another, especially
during tough times. Another message is to embrace failure and to learn from mistakes, making
them a stepping stone towards success.

And you know, the meaningful content of the speech was delivered through a strong and warm
voice of the military officer. And so, since its appearance Facebook, the speech has become a
source of motivation for millions of young people, me included. And whenever I feel short of
energy, listening to the speech is a way for me to get myself inspired to keep trying.

perseverance (n): sự kiên định

a metaphor (n): một phép ẩn dụ

striking (adj): nổi bật

ripple effect (n): hiệu ứng gợn sóng

embrace sth (n): chấp nhận điều gì

a stepping stone (n): bước đệm

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Which is better, being a communicator or a listener?

Both being a communicator and a listener are important skills for effective
communication. Communicators need to be able to express their ideas clearly and concisely,
while listeners need to be attentive and show interest in what others are saying. Good
communicators are able to convey their message effectively and build strong relationships
with others, while good listeners are able to understand and empathize with others, which
helps to build trust.

What personal qualities does a good communicator need to have?

First, they need to be confident and articulate (mạch lạc, rõ ràng), with excellent
verbal and nonverbal communication skills. They should also be able to listen actively and
show empathy towards others, as this helps to build trust. Additionally, good communicators
should be adaptable and able to adjust their communication style to fit different audiences and
situations. They should be patient and able to handle difficult conversations or conflicts with
grace and tact.

Does technological development have a negative impact on communication

among people?

Yes, it does. While technological developments have made communication faster and
more convenient, they can also have a negative impact on interpersonal communication
among people. Over-reliance on digital communication can lead to decreased face-to-face
interaction and a reduction in nonverbal cues, which are essential for effective
communication. Additionally, social media and messaging apps can sometimes lead to
misinterpretations and misunderstandings, especially when it comes to tone and intent

What benefits does the internet bring to communication?

The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate by providing many benefits.
Firstly, it has made communication faster and more efficient, enabling people to connect with
others from all around the world in real-time. Secondly, it has made communication more
convenient and accessible, as people can communicate through various digital platforms at
any time and from anywhere. Last but not least, the internet has opened up new opportunities
for collaboration, enabling people to work together on projects regardless of their physical
location.
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Will Vietnamese people feel nervous when it comes to public speaking?

Public speaking can be nerve-wracking for many people, including Vietnamese people.
The fear of public speakingis a common phobia that affects people of all ages and
backgrounds. However, some Vietnamese people may be more comfortable with public
speaking than others, depending on their personality and past experiences. For those who feel
nervous, there are various techniques and strategies that can help to reduce anxiety and
improve performance, such as practicing beforehand, focusing on breathing and relaxation,
and visualizing a successful outcome.

TOPIC 27. DESCRIBE A FILM YOU RECENTLY WATCHED THAT YOU FELT
DISAPPOINTED ABOUT

One of the most disappointing films I’ve seen recently is “ The Revenant”( Người trở
về từ cõi chết), starring Leonardo DiCaprio. I’m a big fan of his work and had watched
almost all of his films, except for this one. I figured it was about time to check it out, especially
since it was so highly claimed and had won several awards. However, what I thought was
going to be a thrilling and engaging film turned out to be a huge letdown.

I should admit that the cinematography (kĩ thuật điện ảnh) and costumes were beautiful, but
that was all. The plot was so boring, and the film was just too long with no real action. I
mean, sure, the beautiful natural scenery was nice to look at, but that’s not why I wanted to
watch a movie.

You know, the whole naturalism thing really rubbed me the wrong way. I understand that they
were going for a certain aesthetic (gu), but it just didn’t work for me. Especially that scene
with the bear – it was so brutally realistic that it made me cringe (khó chịu). The fight was
just too scary to watch. I just couldn’t enjoy the movie as I felt like I was constantly
bombarded with (liên tiếp bị tống táng bởi) graphic and intense scenes.

So, yeah, that’s the story of how I watched one of the most disappointing movies of my life. I
still love Leo, though. He’s still an amazing actor and filmmaker, but sometimes even the best
of the best can’t save a bad movie. Maybe it wasn’t that bad, but because I expected so much,
it was just a huge disappointment.

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1 Do you believe movie reviews?

Well, I do think so. Movie reviews can be helpful in providing insights and opinions
about a particular movie. They can give an idea of the overall quality of the movie, the acting,
direction, storyline, and other aspects. However, it is also important to consider the source of
the movie review and their personal biases or preferences.
2 What kinds of movies are popular in your country?
In Vietnam, a wide range of movie genres are popular among audiences. Vietnamese
audiences tend to enjoy local movies that depict local culture, history, and lifestyle. Romantic
comedies, action movies, and dramas are some of the most popular genres in Vietnam.
3 Do you think films with famous actors and actresses would be more popular?
Well, it is common for movies with famous actors and actresses to be more popular
among audiences. Celebrity status can sometimes draw people to the theaters, and their
performance can contribute to the overall quality of the movie. However, it's also important to
note that the quality of the movie itself is what will determine its popularity in the long run,
regardless of the cast.

4 Are historical films popular in your country?Why?

Historical films are quite popular in Vietnam for several reasons. First, Vietnam has a
rich and complex history with many significant events and figures, and historical films offer
an opportunity for people to learn about and appreciate this history. Second, historical films
often feature traditional costumes, music, and settings, which can be a source of cultural pride
and nostalgia for Vietnamese audiences. Finally, historical films can offer a sense of national
identity and unity by highlighting important moments and heroes in Vietnamese history.

NỬA ĐỀ CŨ – QUÍ 2/2023 (DÙNG HẾT THÁNG 8/2023)

TOPIC 1. DESCRIBE A PERIOD IN HISTORY THAT INTERESTS YOU

What the period is

How do you know about it?
Why is it interesting?

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Well, this is such an interesting topic to me, and I’ll take this chance to talk about
the Vietnam war, which ended in 1975 and this is one of the historical highlights (sự
kiện lịch sử nổi bật) of our country
Actually, I first learned about this historic period during the History lesson when I
was in grade 7. What I read in the textbook and listened to my history teacher did leave a
great impression on me.
So, to talk about the reason why I think it is an interesting and important historical
event, Vietnam underwent (trải qua) hundreds of years under the colonization (sự đô
hộ) of foreign invaders (ngoại xâm) and this was the last war that helped turn a new
era of peace and independence for Vietnamese. This unforgettable period of history
represented the courageous fighting spirit (tinh thần chiến đấu dũng cảm) of our
countrymen (đồng bào).
To win this war, many people had to sacrifice (hi sinh) their lives and happiness.
They defeated (đánh bại) such a well-armed country (một quốc gia được trang bị
vũ khí mạnh) like America.
April 30th, 1975 was the day when we gained independence from the invader. In
other words, it was an important milestone (dấu mốc quan trọng) for all of us,
Vietnamese people. No one is expected to forget it as it is not only the time but also the
sacrifice, the strength, and the pride of our people, our nation.
So, this is an interesting historical event in Vietnam that I’m so proud to tell you
about.
Part 3

Do you agree that learning history may help people understand the present?
Yes, I do think so. Take economics for example, by analyzing economic downfalls and crises in
the past and comparing them to current situations, experts can better understand how
economies are working and predict events in the future.

Is it true that modern society has much to learn from the past?
Yes, of course. Our understanding of the past offers us plenty of lessons to improve today’s
society. For example, social problems such as crimes, traffic congestion, and pollution can be
better dealt with thanks to sound policies and laws established based on a thorough
analysis of issues in the past.

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Why is it that some leaders fail to learn from the past?

Well, I’m not sure if you can tell but I’m not yet a leader of any organization, so this question is
quite beyond my knowledge. Let me guess, it’s probably because of their overconfidence.
They may refuse to draw lessons from what happened in the past as they believe they can
address issues more effectively. Well, anyway, it’s just pure speculation of mine.

How can technology make learning history more interesting?

I can say that textbooks are tedious and hard to understand. Meanwhile, pictorial and audio
materials make history lessons much more comprehensible and memorable. Imagine yourself
learning about the happenings in a battle, 3D and motion images and maps surely help you
visualize what happened, much better than boring lines of words.

How can people learn about history?

There are various ways, I can say. People can read about past events, which are available and
accessible in books or on the internet. Also, they can watch movies about history. And though
some details may not be accurate in films, such movies can still be considered a way to have a
glance at the past.

How do museums teach people history? (1)

Museums are places to store and display things of the past, artifacts, everyday objects of
ancient times, and so on. They help preserve historical, cultural, and traditional values and
pass them on to the next generations.

Will museums be replaced by technology someday?

No, I don’t think so. Of course, I agree that today people can learn history lessons via modern
devices such as smartphones or computers, thanks to the assistance of online platforms and
software. But there should be somewhere to preserve historical items, and when it comes to
this purpose, nothing is better than a museum.

Are history museums useful?

Yes, undoubtedly. … (1) …

Should museums be free?

Yes, I think so. The main aim of museums is to give everyone a chance to have a look at the
past. And so, for educational purposes, they should be free of charge. Also, with tons of
options for entertainment available, today’s young people often find museums uninteresting.
So, it’s unreasonable to make them pay for what they don’t enjoy.
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Do you think people should remember their family history?

Yes, I think so. You know, my parents and grandparents often tell me about their life in the
past, and how difficult it was. So, by making comparisons between what I’m having and what
previous generations in my family went through, I often find myself lucky and find my
difficulties less challenging to overcome.

TOPIC 2. DESCRIBE SOMETHING YOU DID WITH A GROUP OF PEOPLE

What it was?
Where you did it?
Who you were with?
Whether you liked it?
So, let me tell you about an outdoor activity that I took part in last month with my
classmates and many local volunteers, which was not only exciting but very meaningful.
Last year, I had a nice holiday at the seaside for a week with my classmates. And every
morning, I went for a run on the beach. One morning, I was running along the beach to
enjoy the dawn when I saw something strange in the distance. What I saw closer did leave
me speechless. I found absolute amounts of plastic. There were billions of small plastic
food containers, broken down pieces of plastic, plastic bottles, caps, and straws, to
name but a few. It looked like a dump site (chỗ vứt rác)

I instantly click a picture of that site and posted it on a local fan page as well as my class’s
group to call for help because there was no point in trying to collect it by myself. Right 1
hour later, my post was accepted by the admin of the fan page, and some local volunteers
decided to organize a beach clean-up. Most of my classmates also participated, of course.

We took trash bags and gloves to collect the trash. Actually, we did categorize it so that
most of it could be recycled later. It took us about half an hour to clean the trash. I felt so
proud of ourselves for contributing to the clean-up. Though the smell of the trash was quite
stingy and we sweated buckets (mồ hôi tong tỏng), I felt really happy to do so. It’s
extremely heartbreaking to see our marine environment being polluted like this.

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Do you think it is easier for people to get to know each other if they live in the
countryside?
Yes, I do think so. It could be because people in a village or a commune often have relative
relationships and so they feel a sense of kinship with each other. Also, as rural life is less
stressful, people have more time to gather, have talks, and sometimes throw a party together.
Thanks to that they are more connected.
relative relationship (n): quan hệ họ hàng

How do children build relationships with others in a community?

Uhm, as for children, it’s seemingly effortless for them to make friends with other kids in the
neighborhood. Just by sharing their free time together on a playground, children can easily build
up friendships with others. Of course, if a kid wants to be loved by his friend, he has to be always
nice towards his friends.

Do you think it's important to have a good relationship with neighbours?

Well, I can’t agree more with that. A neighbor who is close to us can be our best friend, and he
can be somehow similar to a family member. Take my family for example, we have intimate
relationships with people living next door, and we often throw parties, have chit-chats together,
and support each other as much as we can. Thanks to them, life seems easier and more
meaningful to us.

How do neighbours help each other?

There are various ways a person can support his or her neighbours. A simple one is to lend them
some items. Just yesterday, a water pipe in my house leaked, and I realized I didn’t have an
appropriate tool for the repair. But it’s not a big deal ‘coz I could borrow them from a man living
next door, who is a plumber. And he’s always willing to help.

How can people improve relationships with their neighbours?

Well, there are various ways to do so. One of them is giving them some small gifts, as a way to
express our affection towards them. And some other times, just giving them a radiant smile
when seeing them passing by is enough to bring the two closer. And of course, help offered to
them when they’re in need is the best way to foster the relationship.

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Do you think people's relationships with their neighbours today are the same as they
were in the past?
Well, it’s hard to say, but I think the answer is yes. You know, today’s people are busier with
their personal commitments and so gatherings between neighbours seem to be less popular. I
even know some communities where people don’t know each other’s names, let alone build
relationships.

Do you think people are familiar with their neighbours?

Yes, I think so. As a proverb says: “Better a neighbor nearby than a brother far away,” it’s a
tradition in Vietnam that people share the community and forms firm relationships. We often
consider our neighbors as good friends and thus we’re willing to help each other when needed.
What kinds of jobs need people to work in a team?

Many jobs require people to work in a team, as collaboration and teamwork are essential skills
in today's workplace. Some examples of jobs that require team-based work include healthcare
professionals such as doctors and nurses, engineers and architects who work on construction
projects, business professionals such as marketers and project managers, customer service
representatives who handle client interactions, and educators who work with other teachers
and staff members to plan and execute curriculum.
How do you get along with your neighbors?

What can parents do with their children to make them happy?

There are many activities that parents can do with their children to make them happy,
depending on their interests and age. For younger children, parents can read stories, play games,
sing songs, or engage in imaginative play. For older children, parents can help them with their
homework, encourage them to pursue their hobbies, or take them on outings such as to the park,
museum, or movies. Family activities such as cooking, gardening, or sports can also be a fun way
to spend time together and create lasting memories. Ultimately, what makes children happy is
spending quality time with their parents and feeling loved, supported, and valued.
How can children improve their social skills?

Children can improve their social skills by practicing positive communication, role-playing social
interactions, joining clubs or teams, volunteering for community service projects, playing games
that require cooperation and communication, and observing positive social behavior modeled by

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adults. Regular practice and positive reinforcement can help children become confident
communicators, build strong relationships with others, and navigate social situations with ease.

TOPIC 3. DESCRIBE A TIME YOU RECEIVED A POSITIVE FEEDBACK.

What you did

Who gave you the feedback?
Why he/she gave you the positive feedback
And explain how you felt about it
So, today I will take this chance to tell you about the time when I shared my opinion
on a health forum and received very positive feedback from other readers.
One morning when I was reading something on a health forum, a question caught my
attention. The sender asked about the way to lose weight effectively as she had tried many
ways in vain before. I decided to share my own experience about how to lead a healthy
lifestyle and proper ways to lose weight by changing your living and eating habits.
First, I emphasized the importance of breakfast as it is the most important meal of
the day, so we should never skip it. I also advised her to consume more fruits and
vegetables and drink more water, which could do wonders for our body, and stay away
from or consume only a moderate amount (lượng hạn chế) of beer, soft drinks, packed
food, junk food, etc. Instead, she should eat more whole-grain food (ngũ cốc nguyên
cám) or salads as they are good sources of proteins and nutrients. I also mentioned the
importance of regular exercises such as going jogging or doing yoga to keep our bodies
active and avoid leading a sedentary lifestyle.

What I shared on the forum seemed to be an eye-opener to many people. It seemed

like many people had applied my rules and succeeded with their plans to lose weight so
many people left good comments on my post. I felt really excited about helping them.

Do children need encouragement as they grow up? Why?

Yes, definitely. Actually, I do believe that people of all ages need some sort of motivation,
and children even need encouragement more than adults. That’s because they are more
prone to psychological issues caused by difficulties. I mean, without a sharp mind, and
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without motivation from his or her parents, a child may not manage to overcome
challenges and start over after a failure.
Which kind of feedback do people tend to believe, positive or negative feedback?
It depends on the listener, I suppose. Say, people tend to listen to what they want to hear.
Some love to be praised for the efforts they’ve made. Meanwhile, some others never feel
satisfied with themselves, and so, they want to know the aspects in which they need to
make improvements.
Do you think public recognition is important for people nowadays?
Yes, I do think so. Take a businessman for example, his success banks heavily on the
image he presents. If, in people’s eyes, he’s a reliable and responsible entrepreneur, he’s
more likely to get contracts and find customers, and vice versa. And things are the same
for other jobs.
Do you think those who have received public recognition should take on more social
responsibilities?
Well, what an intriguing question. Let me think. A popular singer, for example, should
ensure that he is a role model of morality for young children to follow, rather than turn
himself into an infamous example of scandals and social issues. If that’s a social
responsibility, I would say the answer is “yes”.
Do you think positive feedback is more useful than negative feedback?
Personally, I find both types of comments equally important. Say, people often find it
comfortable when receiving positive comments, which boost their confidence and serve
as motivation. Negative but constructive feedback is also necessary for people to better
themselves, their products, or their services.
Should bosses give positive feedback to employees? Why?
Yes, of course. People all want their efforts to be recognized, instead of being ignored.
And, as I’ve read it somewhere, it’s best to have a positive comment before giving a
negative one. So, even when a superior wants his subordinates to enhance something, he
should start with a compliment.

TOPIC 4. DESCRIBE ANOTHER CITY YOU WOULD LIKE TO STAY/ VISIT FOR A
SHORT TIME.

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Where it is
How did you know it
What is it famous for
And explain why you would like to stay for a short time

The place I’m gonna tell you about is Hoi An ancient town – a dreamland with many
interesting things. The first time I visited this town was 5 years ago.
Hoi An is located in the center of Vietnam. It has its own unique characters and emotional
pull. The town has something for everyone: glorious history (lịch sử vẻ vang),
stunning architecture (kiến trúc độc đáo), amazing food and picturesque landscape
(cảnh đẹp nên thơ). Living in Hoi An, people can have a chance to have a bike trip
around the town and admire (thưởng ngoạn) its ancient and poetic beauty (vẻ đẹp cổ
và nên thơ). It will be truly an once-in-a-life-time experience (trải nghiệm hiếm có
trong đời) for us. At night, people can go around the town and try local cuisines which are
not only scrumptious but also reasonably priced. One more thing that makes this town
so interesting and unique is its buildings that reflect the influences of both indigenous
(bản địa) and foreign architecture that you can hardly find anywhere else
Despite being a tourist destination, the life there is really peaceful, many of my friends who
live there claim that. Living there, we can escape from the hustle and bustle of the rat
race (nhịp sống hối hả) in our city and enjoy ourselves more with a pleasant place, cool
air, gentle locals, and the romance of Hoi An. Though I really love this place, I still cannot
part ways with my beloved family and friends in my hometown, so I just want to live there
for a short period of time.

PART 3. CITIES
1/ Why are historical cities popular?
In my opinion, historical cities are popular because they offer a glimpse into the past and
the opportunity to learn about the history and culture of a particular place with many
well-preserved historical landmarks and architecture such as castles, churches, and
ancient ruins, which can be both interesting and educational to visit. Moreover, historical
cities provide a beautiful backdrop for tourists and photographers.
2/ Why do people go to other cities?
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There are tons of reasons for this. Some may be interested in the tourist attractions,
cultural events, or sporting events offered by those cities. Others may want to spend time
with their families and friends or attend some meetings. Some people travel to other cities
for the chance to relax and shop or just to get away from their daily life. Some people might
visit other cities just to broaden their horizons.
ANOTHER ANSWER:…. For 2 reasons, I suppose. First, a trip to somewhere far away is a
way for them to kiss away stress and worries, and recharge their batteries before returning
to their daily rat race. Second, as a saying goes: “Travel broadens the mind,” journeys to
other nations and provinces provide people with knowledge and first-hand experiences.
They also satisfy tourists’ curiosity about the outside world.

3/ Do you think tourists might come across bad things in other cities?
There is no doubt about that. First of all, tourists might be prone to crimes such as
pickpocketing or scams. Moreover, tourists might risk offending local traditions or customs
by wearing unsuitable clothes or saying something offensive, then may be attacked or
insulted by local people. And, there is a likeliness that they may get infected with some kinds
of diseases when going to other provinces.
ANOTHER ANSWER:
Yes, of course. Social issues exist in every city, without any exception. And in cities where
tourism authorities fail to complete their tasks, those issues are rife. For example, foreign
visitors may be charged high taxi fares, or receive poor hotel and restaurant services that are
not worth what they pay. And even they can fall victims of robberies or scammers. Of course,
they may never return.
rife (adj): đầy rẫy

Why are historical cities popular?

Why do places with historical sites develop tourism industry more actively?
(As I’ve already mentioned,) historical cities themselves are tourist magnets. I mean they have
great potentials to develop their tourism. And so, it’s obvious that they want to take
advantages of their opportunities, to grow further. And the more they invest in tourist
facilities, the more visitors they welcome, and the more revenue they collect, and the more
they can have for reinvestment. Well, if I was an economist, I would call this “the loop of
development.”

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Do you think tourists may come across bad things in other cities?
Yes, of course. Social issues exist in every city, without any exception. And in cities where
tourism authorities fail to complete their tasks, those issues are rife. For example, foreign
visitors may be charged high taxi fares, or receive poor hotel and restaurant services that are
not worth what they pay. And even they can fall victims of robberies or scammers. Of course,
they may never return.
rife (adj): đầy rẫy
Do most people like planned travelling?
I’m not sure, actually. But personally I do. That’s because I find it safe and time-saving when
having a trip carefully planned in advance. By doing so, I know what destinations I should pay
a visit, what means of transport I should take, and even what service providers I should avoid.
Of course, I even have contingency plans in case the weather and other external factors affect
my journey.
contingency plan (n): kế hoạch dự phòng
Why is the noise pollution worse in tourism cities than in other cities?
It’s understandable as the more people gather in one place, the noisy it becomes. A popular
beach is, of course, busier than a lesser-known one. Also, many tourists are young people,
and they enjoy boisterousness. Take a walk along a pedestrian street full of visitors, and you
may pass by bars and pubs where loudspeakers are set to the maximum volume to satisfy their
customers.
lesser-known (adj): ít được biết đến
boisterousness (n): sự náo nhiệt
Do people prefer planned travel?
It depends on the individual's preferences and personality. Some people prefer planned travel as
it gives them a sense of security and structure. They are able to plan their itinerary, book their
accommodations, and have a clear idea of what they want to see and do. This type of travel can
also be more cost-effective, as pre-booking often results in better deals and discounts. On the
other hand, some people prefer spontaneous travel and the freedom that comes with it. They
like to be more flexible, take each day as it comes, and not have a set plan. This type of travel
allows for greater flexibility and can lead to unexpected experiences and adventures.

TOPIC 5. DESCRIBE AN UNUSUAL MEAL YOU HAD.

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Who organized this meal and where you had it?

What you talked during the meal?
What you ate and drank?
Why it was special?
SAMPLE 1
Well, I‘ll take this chance to tell you about the time when I tried some special barbecue food
at a new barbecue restaurant 3 years ago.
One day, my volunteering group decided to eat out and we decided to go to a newly opened
BBQ restaurant near our school which had good reviews on Facebook.
We ordered four dishes with three different tastes. One of them that
really interested me was grilled-Turkish mutton (thịt cừu TBN), flavored with
something spicy, rich (đặm vị) , and aromatic (mùi thơm). It not only tasted delicious
but also looked appealing. Also, it went well with two kinds of dipping sauces(nước
chấm) and was served with salad, which gave it a mild taste to contrast with the spicy
flavors. What I really enjoyed was that we could watch as it was cooked in front of us. I
loved how juicy (ngon, mọng nước) it was and the aroma (hương vị) it had.
Just mentioning it makes my mouth water. I mean, the BBQ was out of this world.
During the meal, we talked a lot about what we had done that year and about our plans for
the new year. We had such a blast. And though the food was quite expensive, it’s worth
every penny (đáng đồng tiền bát gạo).

SAMPLE 2
I have had many meals and taken part in many celebrations and parties over the years but
among these, there’s one particular time that I remember the most. A few months ago, I
went to a barbeque party in the garden of one of my friends’ homes. It was actually
a farewell party for my best friend since she was going to study abroad, and the meal and
the party were both really fantastic.
- We had been planning this party for a long time and so on the day, we gathered at my
friend’s house and all went shopping and prepared everything together. We had a lot of
amazing food that night as my best friend has a real talent for cooking. Thanks to her
secret recipe, all the meat was marinated and seasoned perfectly and the taste was
simply delicious. Besides the main dishes, a lot of drinks and snacks were served too. I

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myself enjoyed the dessert the most. We bought that from a famous bakery in Hanoi and it
was worth every penny.
- So we ate the grilled meat, drank beer, and chatted the whole evening. During the dinner,
we talked about our future, and our funniest memories together and everybody had a real
blast. There’s no doubt that it could be quite a long time until we can all gather like that
again, so that party is very memorable for me.

Will you choose a cafe or restaurant when you meet others?

Well, it depends on who invites whom. If I’m the person asking someone to have a coffee
or a meal with me, surely I’ll be the one proposing where we’ll meet up. In contrast, if I’m
invited, I will let myself be passive. And you know, I’m not a picky person, so I find it
rather comfortable if someone actively makes the choice.

What are the differences between a cafe and a restaurant?

Well, I’m not so sure about this. It’s obvious that a coffee shop is where people are served
with beverages while people go to a restaurant for a meal. Of course, people can get some
snacks for breakfast or even brunch in a cafe, and restaurants also serve coffee, juice and
cocktails, which make cafés and restaurants seem similar to each other.

What kind of people like to go to cafes?

People from all walks of life enjoy going to coffee shops, I suppose. Say, a cafe is ideal for
people to meet up, have a discussion, or simply shoot the breeze and release stress.
There, you can find housewives complaining about their husbands and children, students
doing assignments together, or businessmen talking about business opportunities. And
more.
People from all walks of life (idiom): người ở mọi tầng lớp xã hội

What kind of things do you think can make a cafe or restaurant's environment
better?
I would say it’s the attitude of the staff. Say, friendly staff who always welcome their
guests with radiant smiles bring their customers a sense of comfort and delight, and
vice versa. You know, I’m a frequent customer of a restaurant near my house, not
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because of the drinks it serves, and not because of the decoration, but because I know the
staff there, and they make me feel a homey atmosphere whenever I visit the shop.

Is it expensive to eat out in your country?

It depends, actually. If you visit a fancy and famous restaurant, you have to pay a large
bill, of course. But if you’re a gourmet who tries hard to browse through alleys I’m sure
you’ll be able to find lesser-known eateries serving savory foods at surprisingly low
prices.

Why do young people like to study in a cafe instead of at home?

Well, studying itself is stressful, I can say. And when that source of stress is combined
with the boredom of being confined to four walls, it’s a perfect excuse for some
procrastination (sự trì hoãn, nhây nhưa). So, young people love working in a coffee
shop as it provides them with a new atmosphere so that they can get motivated to work,
and come up with new ideas.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of eating in restaurants?

Eating in restaurants has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include the
convenience of not having to cook, the opportunity to try new foods, and the chance to
socialize with friends or family. Eating in restaurants can also be a pleasant experience,
with the ambiance and service adding to the overall enjoyment. However, eating in
restaurants can be expensive, unhealthy if the food is high in calories, and time-
consuming if there are long wait times. Additionally, some people may find the noise and
crowds in restaurants overwhelming.
Do you think having dinner at home is a good idea?
Having dinner at home can be a good idea for several reasons. Firstly, it is often less
expensive than eating out and can be healthier if the food is prepared using fresh
ingredients. Secondly, it allows for quality time with family or friends in a comfortable
and familiar environment. Additionally, preparing and cooking food together can be a fun
and educational experience. However, some people may find cooking and cleaning up to
be time-consuming and prefer the convenience of eating out.
Do young people like to spend time with their families or friends?

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Young people generally enjoy spending time with both their families and friends, but the
balance between the two can vary depending on their individual circumstances and
personalities. Some young people may prioritize spending time with their friends,
particularly during their teenage years when socializing and independence become more
important. However, as they get older, they may value spending time with family more,
particularly if they have moved away from home or started families of their own.
Ultimately, it depends on the individual and their personal relationships with both family
and friends.
What do you think are the benefits of having dinner together?
Having dinner together as a family or with friends can have several benefits. Firstly, it
allows for quality time to connect with loved ones, share stories, and build stronger
relationships. Secondly, it provides an opportunity to discuss important matters and
make decisions as a group. Additionally, having dinner together can promote healthier
eating habits, as home-cooked meals are typically more nutritious than eating out. It can
also help reduce stress and provide a sense of comfort and stability in busy modern lifeIn
conclusion, having dinner together has numerous benefits, including promoting family
connections, healthy eating habits, and reducing stress. It is a simple and effective way to
bring families closer and promote a sense of togetherness.

Why do you think some people choose to be vegetarians?

There are several reasons why people choose to become vegetarians. Some people adopt
a vegetarian diet for ethical reasons, as they may be opposed to the killing of animals for
food. Others may choose a vegetarian diet for health reasons, as research suggests that
plant-based diets may have several health benefits. Some people may also become
vegetarians for environmental reasons, as animal agriculture is known to have a
significant impact on the environment
Is the food that people eat today different from the food that people used to eat in the
past?
Yes, the food that people eat today is different from the food that people used to eat in
the past. With the advancements in technology and transportation, people now have
access to a wider variety of foods from different parts of the world. Additionally, modern
agricultural practices have led to the production of crops and livestock that are larger,
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more uniform, and have a longer shelf life. This has resulted in changes in the way food is
prepared and consumed, as well as changes in the overall diet of people around the
world.
Do you think people are less willing to cook meals by themselves these days,
compared to the past?
Yes, there have been significant changes in the food that people eat today compared to
the past. Advances in technology and transportation have led to increased globalization
of food, resulting in a wider variety of foods from different cultures being available.
Additionally, changes in farming practices have led to an increase in processed and
packaged foods, which were not as common in the past. This has also resulted in changes
in dietary habits and nutrition, with many people consuming more processed and less
natural foods.

TOPIC 7. DESCRIBE A PIECE OF TECHNOLOGY THAT YOU FEEL DIFFICULT TO USE.

What is it?
What you got it for?
How often you use it?
How you feel about it?

- You know, recently I got a present from my parents. It’s actually an award they had
promised me for winning an academic contest, and I nailed it. What I received was a brand
new Macbook Pro of the latest version. You may tell, I was over the moon when I got it. Its
design is bewitching with a sleek and shiny cover made of aluminum alloy. The machine is
only half an inch thick and it’s only a kilogram in weight, compared to my bulky and heavy
old laptop. And the logo of a bitten apple is a perfect addition to the design. But, in
contrast to the ecstasy I got when I first touched it, the machine has been giving me a really
tough time using it. Well, the new Macbook’s operating system and the one in my old
computer are like apples and oranges. Everything is different, I can say. On the very first
day, I even struggled just to locate where I had saved my files. And, there were no Microsoft
Office and other popular tools readily available. Getting them installed and activated took
me a whole day and cost me an arm and a leg. And the last straw, is that the Macbook is

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not compatible with my smartphone, which is made by Samsung. That means I find it
really hard to transfer files and data between the two. It seems that Tim Cook is forcing me
to buy an iPhone. Well, till now, after a couple of months, though things have become
easier, I still haven’t felt as confident using the new laptop as I am with my old computer.
- aluminum alloy (n): hợp kim nhôm
SAMPLE 2 – A SIMPLIFIED ONE
- You know, recently I got a present from my parents. It’s actually an award they had
promised me for passing my exam with flying colors. What I received was a brand new
Macbook Pro of the latest version. You may tell, I was over the moon when I got it.
- . The machine is only half an inch thick and it’s only a kilogram in weight, compared
to my bulky and heavy old laptop. But, I have been having many difficulties using this
machine as I am not used to using this brand new device.
- Well, the new Macbook’s operating system and the one in my old computer are like
apples and oranges. Everything is different, I can say. On the very first day, I even
struggled just to locate where I had saved my files. And, there were no Microsoft Office and
other popular tools readily available. Getting them installed and activated took me a whole
day and cost me an arm and a leg. And the last straw, that the Macbook is not
compatible with my smartphone, which is made by Samsung. That means I find it really
hard to transfer files and data between the two. It seems that Tim Cook is forcing me to buy
an iPhone. Well, till now, after a couple of months, though things have become easier, I still
haven’t felt as confident using the new laptop as I am with my old computer.
- aluminum alloy (n): hợp kim nhôm

Why do big companies introduce new products frequently?

In a competitive market, companies need to continuously innovate and introduce new
products to stay ahead of their competitors. Secondly, companies constantly conduct
market surveys or research to identify new needs and preferences of their potential
customers, and a change in their products may help boost their sales.

Why are people so keen on buying iPhones even though they haven’t changed much
from one to the next?

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In my opinion, the main reason is that many are loyal to the Apple brand and enjoy its
products. They feel a sense of satisfaction and pride in owning an iPhone. Moreover,
people are willing to splurge money on the latest version of iPhones to earn themselves
a sense of being equal or superior to others. Last but not least, the latest version of
iPhones always goes with a new feature.
What changes has the development of technology brought about in our lives?

Well, I can say that technology has tremendously transformed people’s life, in unprecedented ways.
Take workplace for example, physically-demanding / labour-intensive tasks / sweaty tasks have been
taken charge of by machines. That means modern jobs are mostly related to intellect rather than pure
physical labour. Another example is seen in the way people entertain themselves, with TV,
smartphones and computers. I mean digital entertainment has grown to become the dominant means of
recreation. (So, if you compare today’s life with it 50 years ago, they’re like apples and oranges.)

tremendously (adv): một cách to lớn

physically-demanding / labour-intensive tasks / sweaty (adj): nặng nhọc

intellect (n): trí óc

(…): optional

Does the development of technology affect the way we study? How?

Yes, definitely. And the impacts are mixed, I can say. On the one hand, information technology allows
students to access seemingly unlimited sources of learning materials. Like, with only some keywords
provided, a search engine can give us tons of results, and it can be of great assistance in students’
learning process. On the other hand, many students are becoming over-dependent on technology. Say,
some take advantage of intelligent AI chatbot, like the emerging ChatGPT, to do their assignments in a
matter of seconds, rather than brainstorming.

Why do technology companies keep upgrading their products?

Uhm, it’s not difficult to figure out the reasons, I suppose. As technology never ceases to grow,
technology enterprises must constantly enhance functions of their products, so that they can stay
ahead of the curve, or at least ensure that they’re not lagged behind their competitors. Take the
failures of Nokia for example, who wants to use a phone with tens of phyisical buttons when they can
have a smartphone with a large touchscreen instead, right?

stay ahead of the curve (idiom): dẫn đầu xu thế

What technology do people currently use?

People today use a variety of technologies for communication, entertainment, and productivity.
Smartphones, laptops, and tablets have become ubiquitous for personal and professional use, while
social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have transformed how people connect

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and share information with others. Streaming services like Netflix and Spotify have also
revolutionized the way people consume media and entertainment. In addition, technology has led to
the rise of remote work and online education, allowing people to work and learn from anywhere with
an internet connection.

In what ways has technology changed your society?

Technology has had a profound impact on society, transforming the way people communicate, work,
and interact with each other. It has made information more accessible and has enabled people to stay
connected with others regardless of geographical distance. Additionally, technology has revolutionized
many industries, from healthcare to transportation to finance. However, there are also concerns about
the negative effects of technology, such as addiction, privacy concerns, and the displacement of jobs
due to automation. Overall, technology has brought about both benefits and challenges for society.

How has technology changed the way we communicate?

Technology has significantly changed the way we communicate by providing new and convenient
ways to connect with others. We can now communicate with anyone, anywhere in the world through
various platforms such as social media, messaging apps, video calls, and emails. This has made
communication faster and more efficient, breaking down barriers of distance and time. However,
technology has also affected the quality of communication as face-to-face interactions and personal
connections can be lost. Additionally, the overuse of technology can lead to social isolation and a lack
of meaningful communication.

How has technology changed the nature of long-distance relationships?

Technology has greatly impacted long-distance relationships by enabling people to communicate

easily and frequently across vast distances. With video calls, messaging apps, and social media,
partners can stay connected and maintain a sense of closeness despite being physically far apart.
Additionally, technology has made it easier to plan visits and coordinate schedules. However, some
argue that technology can also create a false sense of intimacy and make it harder to establish trust and
genuine emotional connections. Overall, technology has both positive and negative effects on long-
distance relationships.

What are the limitations of technology when it comes to interpersonal

relationships?

While technology has made communication easier and more convenient, it also has limitations when it
comes to interpersonal relationships. Virtual communication lacks the nonverbal cues and emotional
nuances of face-to-face interaction, which can lead to misunderstandings or misinterpretations.
Additionally, technology can create a false sense of intimacy, leading people to feel more connected
than they actually are. Moreover, relying too much on technology for communication may also hinder
the development of social skills and the ability to build deeper, more meaningful relationships.

TOPIC 8. DESCRIBE A WEBSITE YOU OFTEN VISIT.

What the website is?

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How you first found out about this website?

How often you visit it?
Why you like it?

Well, I have to say that among all those frequently used social media platforms such as
Instagram or Tiktok, I’d love to choose to describe Facebook.
It goes without saying that Facebook is one of the biggest and most popular social media
platforms, where millions of users can create their own accounts, comment, share photos,
you name it.
If my memory serves me right, I first used Facebook 3 years ago when creating an account
on Facebook was a trend among teenagers. Like most of my friends, I have been using
Facebook on a daily basis and enjoyed countless benefits that it offers. First of all, it is such
a powerful means of communication that it helps connect people from all corners of
the world. Thanks to Facebook, I can keep in touch with my family and friends easily and
conveniently.
Moreover, using Facebook is a good way to stay updated with what’s going on around the
world since all kinds of news are available here. The most profound benefit of Facebook,
to me, is that it is such a useful studying tool. It offers users various kinds of free courses
and self-study groups and educational forums.
Besides that, it is a great source of entertainment with many fan pages dedicated to
providing people with all kinds of entertaining videos and clips which help me relax after
nerve-racking time at school.
All in all, I really enjoy surfing Facebook, and I think my life would be tedious without it.
PART 3. INTERNET, TV, LIBRARIES

1/ Why do people like to read news on the Internet instead of on TV?

There are several reasons why many people prefer to read news on the Internet instead
of on TV. First, the Internet allows for more convenient access to news. People can
access news on their phones, tablets, or computers at any time. Nobody wants to be tied
to a specific TV schedule. On top of that, the Internet allows people to reads news from
a wider range of sources than those shown on TV.

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2/ What are the most popular apps in your country?

This is a very tough question for me to answer because I have never thought about this before,
and of course, I am no expert. However, from my observation, I’d say there are several kinds to
name. When it comes to social apps, Facebook, Zalo, and Tiktok may top the list as they are
convenient for users to stay in touch with the world and keep themselves updated and
entertained. Also, a number of people install apps of games in their mobiphones to relax after
work or school. I also notice that many people download apps for photo editor, especially
women. Others to name are email apps, calculator or canlendar, to name but a few.

What is the difference between the internet and television?

The biggest dissimilarity between the internet and the telly is that the internet allows users to actively
look for and access information they need. Say, you can easily find a provider for a particular item you
wanna purchase, or an answer for a particular question. That’s, of course, impossible for a
conventional TV. But smart TV can now allow users to access the internet, and so the difference is
getting less and less noticeable.

the telly = television

Are libraries still necessary? Why?

Yes, I think so. Well, I have to say that the growth of information technology has downplayed the
importance of traditional libraries. Say, nowadays, people hardly go to libraries to look for books.
Instead, they can search for information on the internet, or read e-books, which are much more
accessible and convenient. But libraries provide visitors with a silent place where they can better
concentrate on their work. And that’s why we still have reading rooms in universities.

What are the differences between old people and young people when they use the internet?

Uhm, while most old-aged people use the internet to read news and listen to music, young people take
more advantages of the world wide webs. Say, they use social networking sites to keep in touch with
their friends, search for learning materials, and even run their own business. Also, young people seem
to spend more time online than the elderly, most of whom still stick to traditional means of media like
TV and newspapers.

Why do people like to read the news on the internet instead of on TV?

That’s because the internet is superior to TV when it comes to updatability. It’s obvious that
information is updated more quickly on websites and social networking sites than on TV. Say, if
there’s a natural disaster somewhere, information about the incident can be found instantly on the
internet, while it may not be aired on TV until hours later.

superior to sth/sb (adj): vượt trội hơn ai/cái gì

updatability (n): khả năng cập nhật (tin tức)

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What’s the difference between the internet and television?

The internet and television are both forms of media that provide information and
entertainment to the public, but they differ in various ways. Television is a one-way
communication channel where viewers can only watch what is being broadcasted, while
the internet provides two-way communication where users can interact with each other
and create their own content. The internet offers a wider range of information and is
more interactive compared to television. Additionally, the internet can be accessed
anytime and anywhere, whereas television has specific broadcasting times.

Is the library still necessary? Why?

Yes, the library is still necessary. Although we live in an era of digital information,
libraries provide access to a wide range of resources, including books, journals, and
research databases that are not available online. Libraries also provide a quiet space for
study and research, as well as access to knowledgeable librarians who can assist with
research and information needs. Additionally, not everyone has access to digital devices
or the internet, and libraries provide a vital resource for those who cannot afford these
luxuries.

What kinds of people would still go to the library to read and study?

People who prefer a quiet and focused environment or need access to resources such as
books, journals, and databases are likely to go to the library. Students who need to study
for exams or work on research projects may find the library to be an essential resource.
Additionally, those who cannot afford internet access or do not have the technology to
study at home may rely on the library as a place to study and access information.

What effect has the Internet had on the way people generally communicate with
each other?

The Internet has had a profound effect on the way people communicate with each other.
It has made communication faster, more convenient, and more accessible. People can
now communicate with each other instantly, regardless of distance, and can share
information and ideas easily. However, the Internet has also changed the nature of
communication, with more emphasis on written communication and less on face-to-face
interaction. It has also increased the amount of information available, making it more
difficult to filter out accurate information from misinformation and fake news.

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How do you think communicating by email is different from communicating by text

message?

Both email and text message are forms of digital communication, but they differ in their
length, formality, and purpose. Emails tend to be longer and more formal, often used for
professional or business-related communication. On the other hand, text messages are
shorter and more informal, usually used for personal or casual communication. Text
messages are also more likely to be immediate and require a quicker response, whereas
emails can often be responded to at a later time.

Why do you think the Internet is being used more and more for communication?

How can people find reliable information on the internet?

Finding reliable information on the internet can be challenging, but there are several
ways to ensure the credibility of sources. Firstly, using well-known and reputable
websites or online resources can help to ensure the accuracy of information. Secondly,
cross-checking information with multiple sources can help to identify any inconsistencies
or errors. Thirdly, evaluating the author's credentials, the date of publication, and the
purpose of the information can help to determine whether it is trustworthy. Lastly,
consulting with experts or professionals in the field can provide reliable information on
specific topics.

Do you think the internet is safe for children to use unsupervised?

No, the internet is not completely safe for children to use unsupervised. Children are
vulnerable to cyberbullying, inappropriate content, and online predators. Parents should
monitor their children's internet usage and teach them about online safety and
appropriate behavior. It's important to use parental controls and other safety measures
to protect children from the risks associated with using the internet. While the internet
provides many benefits, it's important to use it responsibly and safely, especially when it
comes to children.

TOPIC 9. DESCRIBE A TIME WHEN YOU TAUGHT A FRIEND OR RELATIVE

SOMETHING.

What you taught them to do?

Whom you taught?

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How you taught them?

How you felt about it?

You know, my mother is an experienced and dedicated teacher. She’s always loved and
admired by her students. But being a teacher doesn’t mean she knows everything. And when
it comes to technology, she seems to be lagging behind in the modern world. She never feels
comfortable when using high-tech devices.
Unfortunately, about a couple of years ago, she was required to digitalize her teaching
documents, as a part of the country’s reform in education. It seems like a piece of cake for
young people, but it’s not for a 50-year-old. As you can tell, my mother struggled with very
simple tasks. She didn’t know how to use animations in Microsoft PowerPoint, let alone
complicated formulas in Excel. The only thing she could do was to type letters in Microsoft
Word. Sometimes she was taken aback when realizing that she accidentally deleted
content, and couldn’t get it recovered. And so, she needed my help. Well, she really did. You
know, it’s a rare opportunity I could show her how good I was, and I couldn’t pass it up.
I guided her with every small detail, step by step at an extremely low speed. She promptly
learned the steps but forgot them as quickly as she learned them. It took her months of
practice and lots of my patience before she could produce files on her own. Well, those
sessions of IT where I played the role of my mother’s instructor really helped strengthen our
relationships. And I felt a little sense of achievement as I could give my mother a useful
helping hand.
get/be lagged behind (v): bị tụt lại phía sau
pass up an opportunity (v): bỏ qua 1 cơ hội

What practical skills can young people teach old people?

Well, I can say there are simply too many of them and it’s a real challenge to generalize them
all. Springing to my mind right now are cooking, sewing, repairing water pipes, and more. (1)
You know, my grandfather used to work as an electrician, and so I could pick up some basic
skills of how to get home electric systems fixed, which is really useful.
/// (1) You know, my grandmother used to work as a merchant, so I could pick up some basic
skills of budgeting, which allowed me to balance my income and my spending, and avoid
financial troubles.
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pick up + skill (v): học lỏm kỹ năng

merchant (n): thương lái
budgeting (n): lập ngân sách
Do you think "showing" is better than "telling" in education?
Yes, I do think so, or at least, it’s true for me. You know, I always find it tedious and hard to
understand lines of theory. In contrast, examples are always more intuitive and
comprehensible to me. Thus, I enjoy classes in which teachers provide us with detailed
guidelines and let us learn by doing.
intuitive (adj): trực quan
Do people in your country like to watch videos to learn something?
Well, most people do, I suppose. Take Youtube for example, on this video-streaming platform,
people can find tutorial videos about mostly anything they’re interested in. There could be
videos showing how to cook a particular recipe, how to turn trash into usable items, and more.
And while the videos are highly useful, they’re totally free of charge. So the saying “You get
what you pay for” isn’t true in this case.
You get what you pay for (expression): tiền nào của nấy
How can we know what to do when we want to learn something new?
Uhm, the very first step, I believe, is to get as much information about it as possible. It could
be some research on the internet, through books, and from people in the know. And then if it’s
a skill, it’s recommended that you find a mentor who can guide you through a series of lessons
so that you can get used to the skill and make progress.
What skills can young people teach old people besides technology?
Young people can teach old people a range of skills beyond technology. For instance,
they can teach them new hobbies, cooking techniques, or even foreign languages.
Additionally, young people can help older people stay connected with modern culture by
sharing their interests, such as music, movies, and books. By doing so, young people can
also foster meaningful intergenerational relationships that can benefit both parties.
Ultimately, the exchange of skills and knowledge between generations can help bridge
the generation gap and promote mutual understanding.

How can young people teach old people skills?

Young people can teach old people skills through patient and clear instruction. They can
break down the skill into smaller steps and provide hands-on guidance until the older
person feels confident in their ability. Demonstrating the skill multiple times can also be
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helpful. It's important to be respectful and understanding of any difficulties the older
person may have, and to be encouraging and positive throughout the teaching process.
Using relatable examples or analogies can also help bridge any generational gaps.

What qualities do you think a good teacher should have?

A good teacher should have various qualities, including patience, creativity, dedication,
communication skills, and subject knowledge. Patience is essential to help students who
struggle to learn, while creativity can make learning more engaging and fun. Dedication
helps teachers to inspire and motivate their students. Good communication skills enable
teachers to convey complex ideas effectively and clearly. Finally, subject knowledge
ensures that teachers can provide accurate and insightful information, answer questions,
and help students grasp difficult concepts.

Who do you think can learn better? Old or young people?

It's difficult to say who can learn better as each age group has its own advantages and
disadvantages. Young people may have a better memory and absorb information faster,
while older people may have more life experience and motivation to learn. Ultimately, it
depends on the individual's willingness to learn and the teaching methods used. A good
teacher can adapt to different age groups and create a positive learning environment
that is effective for all students.
What do you think is the best age for children to go to school?
There is no single best age for children to go to school, as it can vary depending on
cultural and individual factors. Generally, most children start attending primary school at
around 5-6 years old. However, some may start earlier or later depending on factors
such as their development, family circumstances, and education policies in their country.
It is important to ensure that children are developmentally ready to start school, so that
they can thrive academically and socially.
What courses/subjects will be helpful in future work?
In today's rapidly changing job market, courses and subjects that develop critical
thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills are highly valuable. Technology-
related courses such as computer science and data analysis are also in demand.
Additionally, courses in fields such as healthcare, finance, and engineering are likely to
remain relevant in the future. It's important to note that keeping up with ongoing
learning and development is also crucial for staying competitive in the job market.

TOPIC 10. DESCRIBE A TIME WHEN YOU MISSED OR WERE LATE FOR A MEETING.

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What the appointment was?

When and where it was?
Why you forgot about it?
How you felt about it?

So, the first thing that springs to my mind is the time when I totally forgot about an
appointment with one of my friends. Last year, I had a nice holiday at the seaside for a week
with my classmates. And every morning, I went for a run on the beach. On the second day, I
made an appointment with my online friend at 8 am. It would be our first face-to-face
meeting as she was also staying at the same tourist destination as me. One morning, I was
running along the beach to enjoy the dawn when I saw something strange in the
distance. What I saw closer did leave me speechless. I found absolute amounts of plastic.
It looked like a dump site (chỗ vứt rác)

I turned around and ran away because there was so much plastic litter that there
was no point in trying to collect it by myself. Before I moved, I took a picture of the site,
then posted it on the local fan page of the area where I stayed for the holiday as well as on
the group of my class. I also sent it to the manager of the hotel where we were staying,
calling for help. Right 1 hour later, the local volunteers and my class organized a beach
clean-up. I also participated in, of course.

It took us about half an hour to clean the trash. It was not until later that I suddenly
remembered my appointment with my friend. I checked my phone and there were hundreds
of missed calls and messages. She was worried that there was something bad happening to
me. I instantly called her back and apologized to her and explained the situation to her. To
my expectation, she was not angry with me but said that she was so proud of me for
contributing to the clean-up. We instantly rearranged another appointment for 1 hour
later. We really had a good time together. So, that’s all about the time when I forgot about
a meeting with my friend.

PART 3. BEING LATE

1/ Why are people often late for meetings or appointments?

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There are several reasons to mention. First of all, they are the ones who are
unorganized or procrastinate (nhây nhưa). I mean, those who are not disciplined and
always put off things until the last minute. Another reason to count may be unexpected
situations that prevent people from being on time such as accidents, weather conditions,
traffic jams and so on.
2/ Do you think it is important to be on time?
There is no doubt about that. Whether it is a business meeting, an appointment with a
doctor or a get-together with a friend, it’s always of great importance for us to be
punctual. It is a way to show our respect to other people and show that we are reliable.
When it comes to other situations such as exams, flights or train depature, it’s very
essential for us to be on time if we don’t want to miss the trip.
Why do people miss important events?
There could be several reasons why people miss important events. Sometimes people
have conflicting commitments, such as work or family obligations, which prevent them
from attending. Other times, unexpected events or emergencies may arise, preventing
attendance. In some cases, people may simply forget about the event or underestimate
its importance. Regardless of the reason, missing important events can lead to
disappointment and missed opportunities for social connection and engagement.
Are people in your country often late for meetings?
In general, it depends on the situation and the individual. Some people in my country
value punctuality and are rarely late for meetings, while others may be more relaxed
about time and show up late. However, being late is generally considered impolite and
disrespectful of others' time. It's important to prioritize punctuality to show respect for
others and to build trust and credibility in professional and personal relationships.

What kinds of activities do you consider a waste of time?

People have different perspectives on what activities they consider a waste of time.
Some may think that watching TV for long periods or playing video games excessively is
a waste of time. Others may feel that engaging in idle gossip or spending too much time
on social media platforms is not productive.
What usually makes people feel pressured?
People may feel pressured due to various reasons such as academic or work-related
deadlines, financial problems, social expectations, personal relationships, and health
issues. In a competitive society, people may also feel the pressure to meet certain
standards or benchmarks set by others. Furthermore, technological advancements and
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the fast-paced lifestyle may lead to a constant sense of urgency and anxiety, increasing
pressure on individuals.
Do you think young people or old people are better at managing time?
It's hard to generalize since time management skills depend on personal habits and
experiences. While younger people may have more energy and enthusiasm, older people
may have more experience in managing their time due to their life experiences.
However, both groups can benefit from learning effective time management techniques.
Ultimately, good time management skills are developed through practice and self-
discipline, regardless of age.
Why do young people waste more time than old people?
There is no definitive evidence that young people waste more time than old people.
However, younger people may have less experience with time management, may be
easily distracted by technology and social media, and may have less awareness of the
long-term consequences of procrastination. Additionally, older people may have more
responsibilities and a greater sense of urgency to complete tasks efficiently, which may
motivate them to manage their time more effectively.
How can people manage their time better?
To manage time effectively, people can start by setting clear goals and priorities, and
then creating a schedule or to-do list to help them stay on track. They can also try to
minimize distractions and interruptions, and learn to delegate tasks when appropriate.
Another important technique is to take breaks and allow time for rest and relaxation,
which can actually increase productivity in the long run. Finally, it is helpful to regularly
review and adjust one's time management strategies as needed, in order to continually
improve and optimize efficiency.

TOPIC 11. DESCRIBE A PLACE YOU VISITED THAT WAS AFFECTED BY AIR
POLLUTION.

Where is the place and when you visited the place?

Why the air is not good?
How the place is affected?
How you felt about it?

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Two years ago, I had a trip to Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam, and it left me with
very bad impressions. The city is home to 8 million people and a similar number of private
vehicles. That’s because the city didn't have a subway system and its buses are terribly
disappointing. So traffic jams and air pollution are everyday stories.

The city skyline is always covered in dust. And, face masks, a symbol of pandemics,
are an indispensable part of the locals’ daily life. On the day I visited it, I hit the road at 3
pm. It was sweltering and I quickly got held up on a street. The 500-meter street was
filled with hundreds of vehicles, and as I had to move inch by inch, literally, it took me
nearly 20 minutes just to finish that half a kilometer, simply to move on to another crowded
street. Their exhaust combined with the heat from the sun really caused me to suffocate.
It’s a real nightmare.

And, despite such terrible conditions, the city has little green coverage. Instead,
concrete walls dominate the city’s skyline. Another serious problem I could see that day was
trash. Trash was everywhere, on pavements, in parks, and in public facilities. They piled up
and the stench was unbearable. It really contributed to the city’s choking air (bầu không
khí nghẹt thở).

Well, I feel really sorry for the locals as they suffer from those situations every single
day. And, though Hanoi is a city of history, culture and politics, it has been ruined by rapid
urbanization. So, it’s my wish that things would get improved soon.

hit the road (v): đi ra đường

sweltering (adj): nóng chảy mỡ
suffocate (v): ngạt thở
stench (n): mùi hôi thối

sample 2
The place I'd like to talk about is Hanoi, which has been notoriously affected (=
seriously polluted) by air pollution for many years. HN is a sprawling metropolis (đô
thị đang phát triển (thiếu qui hoạch qui củ)) with a population of over 21 million
people, and its rapid industrialization and urbanization (sự công nghiệp hóa và đô
thị hóa nhanh chóng) have caused a significant increase in air pollution levels.

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One of the main causes of air pollution in HN is the heavy reliance on (phụ thuộc
nhiều vào) coal-fired power plants (các trạm năng lượng), which emit (thải ra)
large amounts of toxic gases into the air. In addition, the high number of cars on the
road and the dust from construction sites also contribute to the poor air quality.

The effects of air pollution in HN are severe and far-reaching (ảnh hưởng lâu dài).
The city has experienced numerous smoggy days where the air quality index (chỉ số
chất lượng không khí) reaches hazardous levels (đạt mức nguy hại), and residents
are advised to stay indoors to avoid breathing in the polluted air. Long-term
exposure (tiếp xúc trong tời gian dài) to air pollution has been linked to a range of
health problems, including respiratory issues, heart disease, and even cancer.

The Vietnamese government has taken steps to combat (chiến đấu với/ xử lí) air
pollution in HN, such as implementing strict emissions standards and investing in
renewable energy sources. However, much more still needs to be done to address the
issue (giải quyết vấn đề), and the impact of air pollution on the health of HN's
residents remains a serious concern (vẫn còn là một vấn đề nhức nhối).

BẢN SIMPLIFIED
The place I'd like to talk about is Hanoi, which has been badly affected (=
seriously polluted) by air pollution for many years.
HN is a large city with a population of over 21 million people, and its rapid
industrialization and urbanization (sự công nghiệp hóa và đô thị hóa nhanh chóng)
have caused a significant increase in air pollution levels.
To be more specific, many factories and construction sites emit large amounts
of toxic gases and dust into the air. In addition, the high number of cars on the road
and the emited gas from household activities also contribute to the poor air quality.

The effects of air pollution in HN are severe. The city has experienced numerous
smoggy days where the air quality index (chỉ số chất lượng không khí) reaches
dangerous levels (đạt mức nguy hại), and residents are advised to stay indoors to
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avoid breathing in the polluted air. People who are exposed to air pollution for such
a long time may suffer from many health problems, including respiratory issues /
breathing problems (các vấn đề về hô hấp), heart disease, and even cancer.

The Vietnamese government has taken steps to deal with air pollution in HN, such as
strictly punishing individuals and organizations that pollute the environment and
investing in renewable energy sources. However, much more still needs to be done to
address the issue (giải quyết vấn đề), and the impact of air pollution on the health
of HN's residents remains a serious concern (vẫn còn là một vấn đề nhức nhối).

What can people do together to improve the local environment?

I believe there are a host of collective activities people can do to improve the
environment where they live. One of the most effective ones is clean-up campaigns to
remove trash, which can be seen on streets, on the beach and in parks. Another
suggested activity is collecting old batteries and handling them in an appropriate way,
instead of discarding them in trash bins as we do with other types of garbage.

How can air pollution be reduced effectively?

Well, to improve the air quality, the reduction in traffic density is a prerequisite. And to
do so, it takes well-developed public transport systems that allow people to reach any
point in the city with ease. Take Singapore for an example, people living there don’t even
need a car as they can find an MRT station every 500 meters. That’s why Singapore is
known as “the cleanest city in the world.”
prerequisite (n): điều kiện tiên quyết

Do you think modern means of transportation cause harm to the environment?

Well, some do and some do not, I suppose. Say, to travel over long distances, today’s
people often choose airplanes, which are the most polluting means of transport ever
invented. But if people choose electric high-speed trains, they can reduce their carbon
footprint as no CO2 is directly emitted.

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Who should take responsibility for protecting the environment?

Well, currently the world’s population is 8 billion, and I can say that no single of that 8
billion does not contribute to pollution. So, it’s intuitive that we all should be involved in
activities to enhance the environment. And it’s not as difficult as it may sound. Even a
small change in our daily routines, such as cutting down the use of plastics, can help.

How much air pollution in your country?

As of 2021, air pollution remains a significant environmental issue in Vietnam,

particularly in urban areas. According to a report by the World Health Organization
(WHO), Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are among the most polluted cities in Southeast Asia.
Factors contributing to air pollution in Vietnam include transportation, industrial
activities, and agricultural practices. The Vietnamese government has implemented
measures to address air pollution, such as promoting clean energy and reducing
emissions from motor vehicles and factories.
Difference about pollution in countryside and city? Why?
Pollution levels differ in the countryside and the city due to the concentration of human
activities. Cities tend to have more air, water, and noise pollution due to the high
concentration of vehicles, industries, and population density. On the other hand, the
countryside has less human activity, leading to lower pollution levels. However,
agriculture and livestock farming activities can also contribute to environmental pollution
in rural areas. Therefore, it's important to implement sustainable practices in both urban
and rural areas to reduce pollution levels.

Why should the government be involved in environmental protection?

The government has a responsibility to protect the environment because it affects the
health and well-being of citizens, as well as the long-term sustainability of the country.
Environmental protection requires resources, knowledge, and regulations that only the
government can provide. Additionally, environmental problems such as air and water
pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss are often complex and require
coordinated efforts at the national level. The government also plays a role in educating
the public and businesses about the importance of environmental protection.
What can individuals do to protect the environment?
Individuals can take various actions to protect the environment such as reducing the use
of single-use plastics, conserving water and energy, using public transport or carpooling,

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recycling and properly disposing of waste, supporting local businesses and farmers, and
advocating for environmental policies and regulations. By adopting sustainable practices
in their daily lives, individuals can contribute to the protection of the environment and
help build a more sustainable future.

Is it important to teach students about environmental protection at school?

Yes, it is crucial to teach students about environmental protection at school. As future
leaders, they will be responsible for addressing the environmental challenges facing the
world. By educating them about the importance of environmental protection, they will
develop a deeper understanding of the impacts of human activities on the environment.
It will also help them develop sustainable practices that can be applied in their daily
lives, such as reducing waste and conserving energy.
Do you think it is a good idea or bad idea to relocate factories far from cities?
Relocating factories far from cities can have both advantages and disadvantages. On the
one hand, it can help reduce air pollution, noise, and traffic congestion in cities, as well
as minimize health risks to residents living near factories. On the other hand, it may
increase transportation costs and carbon emissions from transporting goods and workers
to and from the factory. Ultimately, the decision should take into account the specific
circumstances of each factory and its impact on the environment and the surrounding
community.

TOPIC 12. DESCRIBE A NEW DEVELOPMENT IN YOUR CITY (EG: A SHOPPING MALL
OR LEISURE FACILITIES)

(Bài này bây giờ các em có thể dùng luôn Đề nói về một c ửa hàng m ới m ở ở thành
phố của em)

What is it and where is it?

How long it took to complete it?
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What you think of it?

In my city, there are many swimming pools but most of them are not worth mentioning
because of the poor equipment and bad services. The only recent development that made
my life much easier is a 50-meter indoor pool. It’s located right in the city center, so you
can say, it’s very convenient for city dwellers. But the real reasons behind its popularity
are the outstanding services that it offers the visitors.

First of all, it has ample (rộng rãi) parking space for all the visitors. This means you
don’t have to come much earlier to find where to park your vehicles. Also, the facility is new
and clean. There are showers with towels, shampoos, conditioners, and hair dryers, but the
memberships aren’t pricey at all. The pool is really large, so even at peak times (khung
giờ cao điểm), you don’t have to share a lane with more than 3 people. One thing very
special about this pool is that there are some lanes dedicated to special swimmers. Several
lanes on one side of the pool are for professional swimmers, several ones are for elderly
people, pregnant women, and beginners.

There is also a large water space for children where they are looked after by the staff of the
pool. This will help parents feel free and safe when bringing their kids here. And I can’t
forget to mention that the water is always warm enough for comfortable swimming, and
the water is changed on a daily basis, which is really up to my expectation (đúng như kì
vọng).

Every time I went there, I was always satisfied with the services of the pool and the attitude
of the staff.

PART 3. TRANSPORTATION, LEISURE FACILITIES

1/What’re the most popular means of transport in your hometown?
I can say safely say that the majority of people in my hometown get around by motorbike. The
main reason is that they are affordable to almost everyone. It’s also more convenient for
people to travel around by motorbike than other means of transport such as bus or train as they
are not available in my area. Cars are affordable to only rich people.
2/ Do you prefer public transport or private transport?

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I prefer to get around in a private vehicle because I don’t like to be dependent on other people
and on a fixed schedule. I like it when I can stop whenever and wherever I want. I can take as
much stuff as I wish.
3/ What needs to be improved in public transport?
Well, I think the first measure that should be implemented is to upgrade the quality of public
vehicles as well as the service they offer. To be more specific, they should buy higher-end bus
models that are bigger, quieter, and cleaner, and the bus conductors or the bus drivers should
be well-trained about not only their situation handling but also their attitude toward customers.
Also, it would be ideal if there were lanes dedicated only to the use of public transport. This
priority will make commuting faster and attract more travelers.
4/ Do people in your country like to go to a cinema to watch a film?
Definitely. There are always a lot of people at the cinema. I suppose this is because they are an
ideal place where people can focus on watching the movie and not get distracted. On top of
that, the film shown on a large screen will bring people a different vibe from watching a film
on a computer or a phone. And, I should not forget to mention that most blockbusters or
newly-released films can be watched in the cinema first.
What can be improved in public transport services?

There’s lots of room for improvement for mass transit systems, at least in my home country.
One of them is better route planning. You know, people in my city hardly use buses because
after getting off a bus, they often have to take a long walk or take a taxi to get to their final
destination. For many people, finding a station near their houses is also a challenge. So many
choose to take a cab from the beginning. Another point is punctuality, as no one wants to wait
half an hour for a bus that comes late.

What leisure facilities can be used by people of all ages?

I’m not sure but I’m thinking of giant shopping malls because there are a wide range of
services available there. Say, people can go shopping for clothes and food. Old-aged visitors
can enjoy meals and beverages with their friends at a restaurant or a café. And young children
have playgrounds for themselves, which buys their parents some time to let off steam.

Do you think young people in your country like to go to the cinema?

Yes, definitely. With a large screen and advanced surround sound systems, a cinema is an
ideal place to enjoy a newly-released blockbuster. To compare, it’s an experience that a TV
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can hardly provide watchers with. But more than that, a cinema is an option for young friends
to gather and share quality time together.

blockbuster (n): phim bom tấn

quality time (n): khoảng thời gian vui vẻ

How is the subway system developing in your country?

Well, it’s a huge disappointment. You know, the very first projects of subway and metro
systems were put on the table about 20 years ago and construction began over a decade ago,
but till now, hardly any services are available. And at this pace, it’s certain that we won’t have
lines until years to go. That really aggravates traffic jams and pollution.

TOPIC 13. DESCRIBE SOMETHING YOU DID THAT MADE YOU FEEL PROUD.

What the achievement was?

How you did it?
How difficult it was?
Why are you proud of it?
The very first thing that springs to my mind is the time when I helped my mom with her
IT task.
You know, my mother is an experienced and dedicated teacher. She’s always loved and
admired by her students. But being a teacher doesn’t mean she knows everything. And when
it comes to technology, she seems to be lagging behind in the modern world. She never
feels comfortable when using high-tech devices (các thiết bị công nghệ cao/ hiện đại).
Unfortunately, about a couple of years ago, she was required to digitalize her teaching
documents, as a part of the country’s reform in education. It seems like a piece of cake for
young people, but it’s not for a 50-year-old.
As you can tell, my mother struggled with very simple tasks. She didn’t know how to
use animations in Microsoft PowerPoint, let alone complicated formulas in Excel. The only
thing she could do was to type letters in Microsoft Word. Sometimes she was taken aback
when realizing that she accidentally deleted content, and couldn’t get it recovered. And so,
she needed my help. Well, she really did. You know, it’s a rare opportunity I could show her
how good I was, and I couldn’t pass it up.

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I guided her with every small detail, step by step at an extremely low speed. She
promptly learned the steps but forgot them as quickly as she learned them. It took her
months of practice and lots of my patience before she could produce files on her own. Well,
those sessions of IT where I played the role of my mother’s instructor really helped
strengthen our relationships. And I felt a little sense of achievement as I could give my
mother a useful helping hand (giúp đỡ).
get/be lagged behind (v): bị tụt lại phía sau
pass up an opportunity (v): bỏ qua 1 cơ hội

Do people usually set different goals at different stages of life?

Well, it depends. Some people want to make sure that they can take good control of their
life. And they always have detailed plans, which tell them every small step they should
take. They are also good at time management, too, and are more likely to succeed.
Meanwhile, others tend to be disoriented and passive to changes. Actually, I find myself
somewhere in the middle of those two groups.

Is there any difference between children's ambitions and those of grown-ups?

Yes, of course. Children’s dreams tend to be far-fetched and unrealistic. You know, when
I was a kid, I dreamt of having my own kingdom. And as you can tell, as I grew up, I soon
realized that it’s impossible. In contrast, adults’ goals and targets seem to be more
practical.
far-fetched (adj): xa xôi, viển vông

On what occasions would adults feel proud of themselves?

It’s hard to generalize them all, actually, because different people take pride in different
things. Say, when a college student passes a test with flying colors or wins a contest, he
may pat himself on the back. And when a job-holder gets promoted to a higher position,
he can flatter himself a little.
pat one on the back (idiom): khen ngợi ai
flatter sb (v): nịnh nọt ai

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What rewards can companies offer to outstanding employees?

Well, I’m thinking of money, which is, you know, the ultimate purpose of working people.
But of course, money is not the only kind of reward. Employers can also offer their
employees free-of-charge trips to a tourist attraction, or a promotion, as a way to thank
them for what they have contributed to the organization.

What rewards are important at work?

I think the most significant reward is the recognition of their hard work. When a job-
holder knows that every effort he makes is acknowledged by his bosses, he’s more
motivated and willing to dedicate himself to the company.

Which one is more important, personal goals or work goals?

I don’t have a clear answer for this. I believe different people have different priorities in their
life. Some give precedence to a successful career and spend most time on achieving their
targets in their education and their jobs. Meanwhile, others emphasize the importance of a
happy family, health and maybe something else.
give precedence to sb/sth (v): ưu tiên ai/cái gì
Have your life goals changed since your childhood?
Yes, they have. When I was a teenager, I had ambitious but unrealistic dreams, like becoming
a self-made billionaire, having luxury cars and living in a lavish mansion. But as I grow up, I
gradually realize that I’m just an ordinary person, and that leading a happy life is a success,
and that’s what I should always bear in my mind.
lavish (adj): xa hoa
mansion (n): dinh thự
Does everyone set goals for themselves?
No, I don’t think so. Some people want to take better control of their own life, and whatever
happens in their life, in particular. And so they set short-term targets and long-time goals.
Meanwhile, others are of the opinion that “what must be, must be” or they believe in the so-
called “fate.” Thus, they never set an objective to pursue, or hardly do so. Instead, they tend to
let nature take its course.
what must be, must be (proverb): cái gì phải đến rồi sẽ đến
let nature take its course (idiom): để mặc cho lẽ tự nhiên
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What kinds of rewards are important at work?

Do you think material rewards are more important than other rewards at work?
It actually depends on each employee’s way of thinking. Some may want that their
contributions are recognized via a promotion, or being honored with some sort of certificate
and the like. But money is a major incentive to pursuing employment, and it’s a tangible
reward, too.
and the like (idiom): và những thứ tương tự
tangible (adj): hữu hình
What makes people feel proud of themselves?
People take pride in themselves for different things, I suppose. For many and in many cases,
it’s to gain outstanding achievements in education and in their careers. Some may also feel a
sense of fulfillment when they can give others a helping hand. And some may pat themselves
on the back for overcoming their own fears.

pat sb on the back (idiom): khen ai

TOPIC 14. DESCRIBE A FREE TIME ACTIVITY YOU ENJOYED WHEN YOU WERE
YOUNGER

What the activity was?

Who you did with?
When and where you did it?
Why you liked it?

You know, I was lucky to have a childhood when the internet was not yet popular, at least in
my hometown. And, instead of video games and social networks, I enjoyed a host of
traditional recreational activities, such as jumping ropes, hide and seek, football, and more.
But among those activities, the one that left me with the strongest impression was flying
kites.

About the toys, they were really simple. We could produce our own kites of different colors
and shapes from available materials such as bamboo sticks, ropes, and plastic paper.
Sometimes we even attached flutes to the kites so that they could create beautiful noises

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when flying high in the sky. Watching the kites flying in the blue sky not only set me in a
relaxed mood but also unleashed my imagination. Say, the kites let me realize how
small I am and how gigantic the world is. So, I often dreamed of becoming a pilot to freely
fly in the sky, to discover more about the world out there.

Besides, I never flew kites alone. There were always my partners in crime (anh em chí
cốt, những người cùng tham gia những trò đùa nghịch) , with whom I shared the
green field. During such times, we had lots of talks about our hobbies, our future jobs, and
anything topics we could think of, without a sense of boredom. Now that I am a grown-up, I
no longer play with kites. And kites are also becoming rarer in the sky. However, sometimes
when I see one, it gives me a sense of nostalgia and reminds me of a carefree childhood
I had.

kite flute (n): sáo diều

set one in a relaxed mood (v): đưa ai vào 1 trạng thái thư giãn

unleash one’s imagination (v): giải phóng trí tưởng tượng của ai

give sb a sense of nostalgia: đem lại cho ai cảm giác hoài niệm

PART 3.
Is it important to have a break during work or study?

Yes, of course. Long working hours cause stress, drain people’s energy (rút cạn năng lượng), and
shorten their concentration span (giảm khả năng tập trung). Even machines need some break time, I
believe. It’s especially true for intellectual workers and students. That’s why people are recommended
to have a pause every one or two hours, to have a short walk or a tea break.

Are there more activities for young people now than 20 years ago?

Yes, I think so. As I can see, today’s young people have various options to choose to take part in their
free time. Those include martial art classes, sports training sessions, and courses for playing musical
instruments, and the list goes on. Meanwhile, in the past, my parents and their friends hardly had the
chance to join those activities. Or even if there were, they could hardly afford the fees.

Do adults and children have enough time for leisure activities nowadays?

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I have to say that people are having a fast pace of life and are mostly busy with their personal
commitments (các vấn đề cá nhân). And it’s getting more difficult for them to have idle time for
entertainment. Still, no matter how busy a person is, if he has time and good management skills, he
can always spare some 30 minutes to an hour for himself.

What sports do young people like to do now?

I can give you a long list, actually. Those include football, volleyball, badminton, table tennis and
more. Whenever we’re free from school, my friends and I gather on a football field, sweat out and
enjoy wonderful moments when we score against our opponents. And even when we don’t win, the
matches never fail to bring us joy and happy laughter.

Can most people balance work and life in your country?

I’m afraid that the answer is “no,” especially in today’s life. For most job holders, their daily
life is a rat race, in which they have to spend a substantial part of their 24 hours finishing
their tasks, and working extra time to earn a little more, in hope of a more fulfilled life for
themselves and their family. They, therefore, hardly have time for themselves and their family.
rat race (n): vòng chuột chạy
What activities do children and adults do nowadays?
To be honest, I’m not so sure about the question. But if it’s about recreational activities in
their free time, I can name out a long list. There are sports, movies, shopping, hanging out
with their friends, travelling, and more. But digital entertainment seems to be growing in
popularity, as many have formed the habit of gluing their eyes to the screen and have less
communication with each other, which I believe as a step backwards in the development of
human society.

TOPIC 15. DESCRIBE A PERSON YOU LIKE OR WANT TO WORK OR STUDY WITH.

Who this person is?

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How long have you known each other?

How you met?
Why you want to work or study with this person?
So, the very first one that springs to my mind is Ms. Ly, my father’s sibling, a
freelance artist (một họa sĩ tự do).
So, let me introduce her first. Ms. Ly is now in her early 40s and she is a creative
person who always comes up with interesting ideas. I have known her since my childhood.
She is not only my aunt but also the leader of the group in which I am a member. This group
is created for those who share the same interest in making things from discarded
trash. We also run a project named “change your trash for plants” in which you change
your categorized trash (rác đã phân loại) such as bottles, paper, old clothes, or even
batteries for a small pot of plants. This project aims at raising people’s awareness about
(nâng cao nhận thức con người về) protecting the environment, which is so meaningful.
I have spent a lot of free time working with her, and I’d say working with her is such
a rewarding experience as she is not only a sweet and creative person but also the one
who shares many things in common with me. Actually, it doesn’t really matter what
we do as long as we are together. Every hour with her feels like a minute. I always feel
positive energy when being with her and I can learn so much from her.
So, that’s all I want to tell you about a family member that I want to work with.

PART 3. CLASSMATES, COLLEAGUES

1/ What do you think makes someone a good colleague?

What matters most about a colleagues’s personality?

To my mind, well, there are numerous factors and characteristics required to have a
good colleague. A good colleague is someone who knows what to say and do to make
others feel peaceful rather than more stressed out. They should also be the one who
doesn’t gossip about others’ own affairs or let people down most of the time. Ideally, it
should be the one who is willing to give his or her colleagues a hand when they need

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help. One more ideal factor should be his or her good ability to solve all the tasks fast and
efficiently.

2/ Do you think having good colleagues is the most important thing at work?

It is quite tough to answer this question. First, I am more than sure to say that having
good colleagues at work is of great importance as it helps save people from anxiety and
depression, making people feel more connected to their workplace. However, in this
competitive market, there are many people who find other factors such as payment,
working conditions, and bosses more important.

3/ Does it matter if a child likes their classmates?

Of course, it does. If children like their classmates, they tend to look forward to coming to
school because friendly relations create a comfortable atmosphere in the class and help
kids have a sense of belonging. What’s more, affection for classmates is crucial to
academic performance as it unites children, helps them to unleash their potential, and
drive them to work harder. Once they don’t like their classmates, they might feel
disconnected and left out, and just don’t want to school.

4/ How can children get along with their classmates?

Well, I guess, first of all, they should always be friendly and helpful to their classmates. It
helps show their classmates that they are willing to communicate and that they care
about developing a positive relationship with them. I think they can also try to
improve their relationship with class fellows by taking part in as many extracurricular
activities such as parties, and sports events as possible as they are often good chances for
them to help kids know each other better.

5/ What kinds of people are popular at work?

I guess the ones who inspire others to be productive and happy at their workplace. These
are, first of all, those who are able to come up with creative ideas and find a good solution
to any problem that comes up. They are also the ones who can see a clear picture of
what they want or need to accomplish in their lives. Working with these people makes us
feel a sense of safety. Another type of people I want to mention is sympathetic people

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who help turn the workplace into a home where people can feel strong bonds. Finally,
people who have a good sense of humor are easy to win people’s hearts.

6/ Are knowledgeable people popular at work?

Sure. Being knowledgeable can easily be an asset in the workplace and can contribute
much to a person’s popularity among their colleagues. This is because, first of all, most
people may appreciate being able to turn to these wise men for help. They are also the
ones who are considered the asset of a group when it comes to teamwork. Having said
that, there are many factors that also decide if these people are loved by others or not
such as having a friendly personality, being a good team player, having good
communication skills, and reliability.

7/ What are the benefits of a child being popular at school?

First of all, I think a school celebrity might get special treatment from both teachers and
classmates. Also, he or she might get the attention of many people at school, which helps
make them become more confident.

8/ Why should children be kind to their classmates?

Children should be kind to their classmates because it helps to create a positive learning
environment. When children are kind to each other, they feel happier and more
comfortable at school. This, in turn, makes it easier for them to focus on their studies and
achieve their academic goals. Additionally, showing kindness to others helps children
develop empathy and social skills, which are important for building healthy relationships
throughout their lives.

9/ Can children choose their deskmates?

In some schools, children may be allowed to choose their deskmates, but this is not
always the case. Teachers may have specific seating arrangements in place for various
reasons, such as promoting social interaction or preventing distractions. Even when
children are given the option to choose their deskmates, it is important for them to be
respectful and considerate of others. Encouraging children to interact with a diverse

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group of classmates can also help promote a sense of inclusion and community in the
classroom.

TOPIC 16. DESCRIBE THE FIRST TIME YOU WENT TO A SCHOOL THAT YOU
REMEMBER.

SAMPLE 1

Well, the experiences that I had when I first went to school have imprinted on my
mind (khắc sâu trong tâm trí tôi). At the time, I was only 3 or 4 and my mother took me
to a kindergarten near my house. Previously, I spent my whole days at home, playing and
talking with my parents, and my sister. And I hardly talked to strangers. So, as you can tell, I
was really shy and scared when my mother introduced me to my teachers. I didn’t even dare
to look at them.

Things got worse when my mother left me there so that she could go to work. I burst
into tears (òa khóc) and even tried to run after her. It was a real challenge for my
teachers to calm me down. I kept crying loudly, till I realized how beautiful the
kindergarten was. When I could finally simmer down, I saw countless murals (tranh
tường) with the themes of plants and flowers, animals, and cartoon characters like
Doraemon and Nobita, which really interested me.

I was then taken to the playground behind blocks of classrooms. It was full of toys
such as slide (cầu trượt), swing (xích đu), merry-go-round (đu quay) and seesaw (bập
bênh). And there, I met many kids of my age. I quickly became close to them and felt really
comfortable when we played together. Turns out, the kindergarten was not scary at all.
Well, within one day, my moods swung from one state to a totally different one. And
that day was the start of a colorful chapter in my carefree childhood (tuổi thơ vô lo).

simmer down (v): bình tĩnh trở lại

moods + swing + from … to … (v): tâm trạng thay đổi từ trạng thái này sang trạng
thái khác

SAMPLE 2

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I spent many years in school, but the first day at high school was truly a memorable
experience for me. After a nerve-wracking period of waiting for the entrance test result,
I finally became a high school student and started my new journey.
On the first day I came to school, I found everything was so much bigger and a lot
more crowded than my secondary school. It took me more than 15 minutes to find my class,
and the spacious room with many other students made me feel a bit out of place (lạc
long).
People did not talk much to each other so I chose a corner in the classroom to feel
more at ease.
That day was just the first day of class, so the teacher gave us time to get to know
each other. Most activities involved teamwork, which is great to develop new friendships by
connecting students with those in other classes.
Contrary to my thoughts, most of them were very friendly and outgoing. That year
was completely different from the school years I had experienced, as it marked a big
turning point in my life. The first day at high school is truly a vivid memory, and I will
always remember that remarkable milestone (dấu mốc đáng nhớ)

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PART 3. JOBS, SCHOOL, KIDS

1/ What advantages and disadvantages come along with changing jobs?
Changing jobs can be a big decision, and there are definitely pros and cons to consider.
One of the biggest advantages is the potential for earning more money. It can also provide
a chance for personal growth and development. On the other hand, however, adjusting
to a new company culture and working environment can be tough. You will have to get
used to new colleagues, new ways of doing things, and that can take time some times. And,
if your new job may not offer the same level of job security as your old job, you may suffer
a lot. Changing job can be risky, I mean.

2/ Why do many young adults keep changing jobs?

I guess there are various reason for that. They can switch their jobs because of boredom
in the current job, a low salary, unfriendly co-workers or boss, a lack of new challenges or
too many challenges. Job-hopping can also happen when there is a lack of recognition
for their contributions to the company or organization, and when the young want a
career advancement and desire for progress.

What would parents prepare when their kids go to school on the first day?

Well, as you can tell, I’m not yet a parent, so I’m not sure about the answer. But I think
parents should prepare some food and clothes in their children’s school bags, in case they
need them. And more importantly, days before, parents should tell their children about
schools, say, what they are and what activities they will have, and how interesting they could
be. Say, the first days at school is when children walk out of their comfort zone to enter a
new environment, and they might be scared without some psychological preparation.

How do children socialize with each other?

I believe children make friends and have talks with each other in a very natural way. Just by
sharing toys and playgrounds together, they share quality time together, with lots of jokes
and laughter. Say, among children, there is hardly any gap between them, whether it is age,
financial background or educational level. And so I can say

Is socialization important for children?

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Yes, of course, having conversations with friends is how children improve their language
ability, as well as learning many other skills, which help them be more confident and
autonomous. Also, social interactions allow children know to how to create connections with
others, expand their social circles, and learn the concept of teamwork, which is crucial for
their later in life.

autonomous (adj): tự chủ

What are the reasons for job change?

People switch to new jobs for a whole host of reasons. A popular one is to get a higher pay.
It’s understandable ‘coz a paycheck at the end of the month is the underlying reason why
people ply their trade. But of course, a higher income is not the sole factor behind a job
change. Some people look for a job change because they’ve been too familiar with their
current tasks, which bring them a sense of boredom, and a lack of motivation.

ply their trade (v): làm việc

Is socialization important for children?

Yes, socialization is very important for children as it helps them learn how to interact with
others and develop important social skills. Through socialization, children learn how to
communicate effectively, resolve conflicts, and develop a sense of empathy and understanding
for others. Socialization also helps children build their self-esteem and confidence, as they
learn to navigate different social situations and form relationships with their peers. Overall,
socialization plays a crucial role in a child's development and helps prepare them for success
in their personal and professional lives.

Do you think students should be taken to school by their parents or go by themselves?

Whether students should be taken to school by their parents or go by themselves largely

depends on factors such as the child's age, level of independence, and the safety of the route.
Younger children may require adult supervision, while older children may be able to go to
school on their own. Parents should consider the risks and benefits of each option and make
an informed decision based on their child's individual needs. Ultimately, the goal should be to

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ensure the child's safety and well-being while promoting independence and responsibility.Top
of Form

Bottom of Form

Should children rely on their parents or be independent?

Children should be encouraged to become more independent as they grow and develop. This
means gradually taking on responsibilities and making decisions for themselves with
guidance from their parents. Developing independence helps children build confidence and
self-esteem, learn new skills, and become better equipped to face challenges later in life.
However, it's important to note that children will still need support and guidance from their
parents as they navigate the ups and downs of life. Balancing support and encouragement for
independence is key to raising a well-adjusted and capable child.Top of Form

How can children become more independent?

Children can become more independent by gradually taking on more responsibilities and
decision-making opportunities. Parents can start by giving children age-appropriate tasks
such as making their bed or packing their own lunch. As children get older, parents can allow
them to make more significant decisions such as choosing extracurricular activities or
managing their own allowance. Encouraging children to take risks and learn from their
mistakes is also important for building independence. It's essential for parents to provide
guidance and support as children become more independent, but also to allow them the space
to learn and grow on their own.

What is the effect if parents interfere with children’s life too much?

If parents interfere with children's lives too much, it can have negative effects on their
development and well-being. Children who are overly controlled by their parents may
struggle with decision-making, lack confidence in their abilities, and struggle to develop
independence and autonomy. They may also experience feelings of anxiety and stress, which

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can impact their mental health. Overbearing parents can also strain the parent-child
relationship, leading to feelings of resentment and rebellion. It's important for parents to
provide guidance and support to their children while also allowing them the space to learn
and grow on their own.

How does changing school affect children?

Changing schools can have both positive and negative effects on children. On one hand, it
can provide new opportunities for learning, making new friends, and experiencing different
environments. It can also help children develop resilience and adaptability, as they learn to
navigate unfamiliar situations. On the other hand, changing schools can also be challenging
for children, as they may struggle with feelings of loneliness or homesickness. They may also
experience academic setbacks or feel overwhelmed by new expectations and routines.

TOPIC 17. DESCRIBE AN INTERESTING OLD PERSON YOU MET.

Hoặc có thể là đề
Describe a person you met at a party who you enjoyed talking with
(Nếu vào đề at a party – các em dẫn dắt câu truyện theo hướng là được gặp tại
một bữa tiệc dành cho các học sinh xuất sắc của toàn quốc)
SAMPLE 1

Well, thank you for giving me this opportunity to talk about an old businessman that I
really adore- Mr. Truong Gia Binh, or Mr. Binh for short. Well, in case you might not know,
he is the chairman of FPT corporation- a giant (ông lớn) in the field of technology in my
country, also the founder of FPT University. He is now in his late 60s.
That time, I was so fortunate to get a scholarship from FPT University and have the
privilege (có đặc ân) to talk to Mr. TGB for one hour. He asked me to go for a walk with him
while talking. I asked him a lot about his life, his childhood, and how he overcame all
difficulties in his life. In response, he told me the stories about his childhood and his life with
ups and downs, how he overcame them all and became the successful man he is now. But the
highlight of the conversation was about his humane (nhân văn) decision to raise 1,000
children who lost their parents due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

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This is such a moving story and a miracle (điều kì diệu) instead. He is not only
charming and knowledgeable but also a warm and lovable man. The way he told the story
was so enthralling (cuốn hút) that I was engrossed in it, losing track of time (quên cả thời
gian). From the conversation with him, I learned many valuable lessons about life, love, and
sympathy. A long walk with him was truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience (trải nghiệm để
đời) for me.

SAMPLE 2

So, the very first one that springs to my mind is Ms. Ly, my neighbor, a freelance
artist (một họa sĩ tự do).
So, let me introduce her first. Ms. Ly is now in her late 60s and she is such a creative
person who always comes up with interesting ideas. In fact, she always makes something out
of trash (làm ra đồ từ rác), things that we throw away (ném đi). Whenever I go to her house,
she’s always making something or the other.
It seems that she never sits idle (ngồi nhàn rỗi). She always has a project in her
hands. I am also a huge fan of these kinds of things so I often spend my free time at her house
doing these DIY items (những đồ tự làm) with her.
She also runs a project named “exchange your trash for plants” in which you change
your categorized trash (rác đã phân loại) such as bottles, paper, old clothes, or even used
batteries for a small pot of plants. This project aims at raising people’s awareness about
(nâng cao nhận thức con người về) protecting the environment, which is so meaningful. I
often support her by categorizing trash when I come to her house.
I really love spending time with her as she is not only a sweet and creative person but
also the one who devotes much of her time for the sake of the environment (vì môi trường). I
always feel positive energy when being with her and I can learn so much from her.
So, that’s all I want to tell you about a woman that I want to spend time with.

PART 3. OLD PEOPLE, SELFISHNESS

1/ What are the benefits of being interested in other people?

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I think the main benefit of taking interest in others is feeling good. Showing others that
we care about them makes them feel needed. This also gives us greater meaning and
purpose in life as well as brings us joy and a sense of worth. On top of that, it helps
build a greater connection with people, and as a result, opens more opportunities for us.
For example, it can help us to find a good job, get acquainted with someone we might fall
in love, or assistance when we need help.

2/ What problems in society can be when people are self-centered?

To my mind, self-centeredness can have many disadvantages, one of which is difficulty

showing empathy. Generally, a self-centered person wouldn’t show empathy unless they
had an incentive (lợi ích) to do so or if it is for their benefit as well. This can be
somewhat problematic when it comes to establishing healthy relationships. Being too
self-centered prevents you from taking action on behalf of others.

3/ What kinds of things can young people learn from old people?

Well, I’d say old people can teach the young lots of things varying from different
necessary skills to attitudes toward themselves, to people around them, and to life. Old
people can also teach young people valuable lessons about how to behave, how to
appreciate blessings in life, how to value the bonds with others, and how to keep trying
their best in their life.

4/ Do you think that young people and old people can share interests?

Yes, I do think that people of 2 generations can share many in common. To be exact,
despite their difference in age and viewpoints, many young people and the elderly are still
passionate about the same things such as literature, football, arts, business, cultures, and
so on. For example, I have an old-female friend in her late 60s, and we still talk about
English, which we are both passionate about.

5/ Is it easy for young and old people to make friends with each other?

Normally, I’d say, the differences in age, viewpoints, and topics of interest somehow play a
role as an obstacle for old and young people to befriend with each other. For example,

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they might fight it hard to find something to talk about with each other eagerly and
frequently as the old may be interested in plants and traditional values, while young people
may want to talk about fashion, technology, or games.

6/ What benefits can people get when they are self-centered?

Despite some very clear downsides of self-centeredness, there are some perks to being self
centred. Self-centered people can raise themselves well in leadership roles. Because
when they have control over themselves, they know the way to control others with better
behavior, and they are more likely to be focused on themselves and do not give up on their
goals easily. Moreover, they are always seeking ways to better themself and their
oftentimes doing things for their own benefit. They also tend to not care what others think
about them.

7/ Do you think people are now more selfish and self-centered than in the past?

I do think that people across the globe are becoming more selffish and self-centered. I
suppose this is mainly because people in this era are under much pressure about every
aspect of life, academic performance, finance, success, fame, and sefl-satisfaction. And,
these pressures seem to make people care more about themselves, or in other words,
priorize their rights and benefits. They care more about their benefits than others’ benefits,
more about their families than other families, about their countries than other countries.

Under what circumstances do people meet new people?

People meet new people under various circumstances, such as in school or at work, through
shared interests or hobbies, during travel, or through mutual acquaintances. Attending social
events such as parties or gatherings can also be a way to meet new people. Additionally,
online platforms and social media have created new opportunities for people to connect with
others, whether through dating apps, online forums, or virtual communities.
Where do you think people meet new people?
Do you think it is difficult for foreigners to communicate with VietNam people?
Communication between foreigners and Vietnamese people can sometimes be challenging
due to language and cultural barriers. Vietnamese is a tonal language, and the nuances of
pronunciation can be difficult for non-native speakers to master. Additionally, cultural

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differences in communication styles and social norms can lead to misunderstandings.

However, with effort and patience, it is possible for foreigners to develop effective
communication skills with Vietnamese people. Learning basic Vietnamese phrases and
cultural customs can help bridge the communication gap and build meaningful connections
with local people.
What types of people interact easily with each other?
People who share common interests, values, and backgrounds tend to interact more easily
with each other. Similarities in personality traits, such as being outgoing or introverted, can
also facilitate communication and connection. Additionally, people who have good
communication skills and are open-minded and empathetic tend to interact more easily with
others. However, it's important to note that while similarities can help people connect,
differences can also lead to meaningful interactions and broaden one's perspective.
What kind of people are hard to get along with?
People who are inflexible, closed-minded, and have poor communication skills can be
difficult to get along with. Those who have a tendency to be critical, judgmental, or
argumentative may also struggle to maintain positive relationships with others. Additionally,
people who are self-centered, manipulative, or have a lack of empathy can be challenging to
interact with. Personalities that clash, such as those who are extremely extroverted with those
who are introverted, can also make it difficult to establish a rapport.
Do people now have enough time for communication?
In today's fast-paced world, people often have busy schedules and many demands on their
time, which can make it challenging to find enough time for communication. Technology has
also changed the way people communicate, with many preferring to use social media or text
messaging instead of face-to-face interactions. While technology can facilitate
communication, it can also be a barrier to deep and meaningful connections. However, it's
important to prioritize communication in order to build and maintain relationships. Taking
the time to actively listen, engage in conversation, and be present with others can help foster
positive relationships and enrich one's life.
Does technology make it easier to communicate with family and friends?
Technology has made it easier for people to communicate with family and friends, regardless
of distance or time zones. With the availability of messaging apps, video calls, and social

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media, people can stay connected with loved ones in real-time and share their daily
experiences. Additionally, technology can allow people to communicate more frequently and
efficiently, and can help bridge the gap when in-person communication is not possible.
However, it's important to note that technology can also be a barrier to meaningful
connections if it is relied on too heavily, and can never fully replace the value of in-person
interactions and quality time spent with loved ones.
Do you think old people and young people can share interests?
Old and young people can share interests, although their preferences may differ due to
generational differences and life experiences. Shared interests can serve as a bridge for
building connections between people of different ages and can facilitate the exchange of
knowledge and ideas. For example, older people may have a wealth of experience and
knowledge to share, while younger people may have fresh perspectives and ideas. Finding
common ground and being open to learning from each other can help bridge the gap between
different generations and create meaningful connections. However, it's important to
acknowledge and respect differences in interests and perspectives, and to approach
interactions with curiosity and respect.
What are the advantages of having an elderly person at home?
Having an elderly person at home can bring many advantages. They can provide a sense of
continuity and stability, as well as valuable life experience and wisdom. Elderly people can
also serve as role models and mentors for younger generations, passing on knowledge and
traditions. They can also offer emotional support and companionship, and help bridge the
gap between different generations. Additionally, elderly family members can contribute to
household tasks and activities, and help create a sense of community within the family.
What qualities does a person need to take care of old people?
Taking care of elderly people requires patience, compassion, and empathy. Caregivers should
have good communication skills, be able to actively listen, and have a positive attitude. They
should also possess problem-solving skills, be able to anticipate and meet the needs of the
elderly person, and be able to handle emergency situations. Additionally, caregivers should
be reliable, responsible, and able to maintain a consistent routine. It's also important for
caregivers to be respectful of the elderly person's independence and autonomy, while
providing support and assistance as needed.

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Do you think elderly people should be allowed to work?

Whether elderly people should be allowed to work depends on various factors, such as
their physical and mental health, financial situation, and personal preferences. While some
elderly people may want or need to work to stay active and supplement their income,
others may prefer to retire and enjoy their leisure time. It's important to recognize that
elderly people can bring valuable skills, experience, and knowledge to the workforce, but
they may also face age-related discrimination and health challenges.

TOPIC 18. DESCRIBE A CHARACTER IN A FILM.

Considering the fact that I am a movie–nerd (người thích phim), I

have adored several characters so far. And today I want to share about one person
that makes a great impression (có nhiều ấn tượng) on me in terms of (về) appearance
and characteristics – Kelvin. Kelvin is the name of a clever but pretty stubborn boy at the
age of 8 in the Christmas film “Home Alone”.
Kelvin, the main character in the movie, is accidentally left home alone by his
family at Christmas and tries to make the best of it. And here, all amazing, dangerous, and
hilarious (buồn cười) things start.
He has to single-handedly handle (một mình xử trí) two house burglars by
trapping the house. And they are the kinds of traps that any 8-year-old could devise with
10 dollars.
The two thieves break in, spring the traps (mắc bẫy), and suffer various injuries
before finally being caught by the police. The family return home, happy to find that Kevin,
the 8-year-old boy safe and sound (an toàn).
During this movie, Kevin McCallister goes through a series of fearful external
events (các sự việc đáng sợ) including being left home alone for days and having to
confront two thieves. These fears actually push Kevin forward as he turns from a small
helpless boy who has “never packed a suitcase before” to a mature eight-year-old who
takes care of his house when he is home alone. This makes the audience smile in the end
after going through the stress because of the series of fears Kevin must go through to get
stronger.

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In short, the main character is really excellent with all his shoots and left a very
strong impression on me.
What makes a good actor?
A good actor possesses a variety of skills and qualities that enable them to bring a character
to life and captivate an audience. These include the ability to interpret and convey emotions
and thoughts convincingly, to speak clearly and effectively, and to have excellent timing and
intuition. A good actor should also have a deep understanding of the craft of acting, as well
as a willingness to continuously learn and improve. Additionally, a good actor should be able
to work well with others, take direction, and be adaptable and versatile in their
performances. Finally, a good actor must have a passion and commitment to their craft, as
well as a strong work ethic and discipline.
Are drama series popular in your country? Why?
Yes, drama series are very popular in Vietnam. Vietnamese audiences enjoy a wide variety of
genres, including historical dramas, romantic comedies, action dramas, and crime thrillers.
Many popular dramas are produced locally, but there are also many foreign dramas that are
dubbed or subtitled in Vietnamese. Drama series provide a form of entertainment and
escapism for Vietnamese viewers, and they are often the subject of discussions and debates
among friends and family members. In recent years, the rise of streaming platforms has made
it easier than ever for Vietnamese audiences to access a wide range of domestic and
international dramas.
What is the difference between young people's and old people’s favourite TV dramas?
Why?
The difference between young people's and old people's favorite TV dramas can be attributed
to their differing interests and life experiences. Young people tend to enjoy dramas that reflect
their contemporary concerns and experiences, such as relationships, career aspirations, and
social issues. On the other hand, older people may prefer dramas that depict historical events
or traditional values, such as family, loyalty, and honor. Additionally, older viewers may
appreciate dramas that feature older actors or portray the experiences and challenges of
aging. However, it's important to note that individual preferences can vary greatly and are
not solely determined by age.
Do you think TV dramas reflect what happens in the reality of society?

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TV dramas can reflect some aspects of reality in society, but they often present an idealized or
dramatized version of events for the purpose of entertainment. While some dramas may
address social issues or current events, they may also exaggerate or simplify complex issues
for dramatic effect. However, dramas can also provide a platform for discussing important
social issues and raising awareness about topics that may not receive enough attention in the
mainstream media.
Do you think people will change their preference of TV dramas when getting older?
It is possible that people's preference for TV dramas may change as they get older, as their
interests and life experiences evolve. Younger viewers may be drawn to dramas that reflect
their contemporary concerns and experiences, such as relationships, career aspirations, and
social issues. Older viewers, on the other hand, may prefer dramas that depict historical
events or traditional values, such as family, loyalty, and honor. However, it's important to
note that individual preferences can vary greatly and are not solely determined by age.
What is the difference between foreign dramas and ones in your country?
There are several differences between foreign dramas and those produced in Vietnam.
Firstly, foreign dramas often have bigger budgets and more advanced production values,
including high-quality special effects, cinematography, and sound design. In contrast,
Vietnamese dramas tend to have lower budgets and may have less polished production
values. Moreover, foreign dramas may explore different cultural and social themes that are
not commonly depicted in Vietnamese dramas, reflecting different perspectives and
experiences.

ĐỀ 18. CHÍNH THỨC. DESCRIBE AN ACTOR OR AN ACTRESS

I’d like to tell you about Thu Quynh, who is, according to my own opinion, one of the
greatest actresses in Vietnam. If I remember correctly, Thu Quynh has won 2 the title “
actress of the year” twice, which is a testament to her extraordinary talent (minh chứng cho
tài năng).
Thu Quynh is now in her early 30s, and she is well-known for her success in dramas,
in which she played roles with different characteristics, from a gentle girl to one with a very
complicated personality as a whore. What I like most about her is how well he can portray

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(khắc họa) different types of characters. Pretty much every single thing in his acting was
perfect: a sudden change in his facial expression, a subtle sign (dấu hiệu khó nhận ra) in
his body language, or even a small crack(cái vỡ giọng) in his voice – all of this demonstrates
various shades of emotion, and easily makes the audience feel connected with the character.
Once an actress can pull that off – you know she’s really, really talented.
Most of the films that she took part in became all the rages (nổi tiếng) right after the
first episode is shown, and most of them are successful both academically and financially.
Another thing I love about Thu Quynh is that throughout his brilliant career, he
almost never got involved in any kind of scandal whatsoever – something you would normally
see from many celebrities nowadays. philanthropist

PART 3. ACTORS/ ACTRESSES

1/ What are the differences between acting in theatre and acting in film?

I am no expert in this field, but to my knowledge, acting in a theater and acting in a fim are
two distinct forms of performance that require different approaches and techniques.
To be exact, in theater, actors perform in front of live audience, while in films, the audience
is not present during the filming. As the result, the actors in the theater need to prepare
very well for a live performance. Whereas, filming process can be supported by sound and
visual effects. And of course, the filming shoots can be done many times until the director
feel satisfied with the performance of the actors. In contrast, actors in the theater can
never do that. All they can do is to rehearse very carefully.

2/ Is it interesting to be an actor or an actress?

I think it depends. Being an actor or actress can be a very interesting and rewarding
career for somebody, but it can be also challenging and stressful. Being an actor gives
them a chance to portray a wide range of characters and bring stories to life, to have fans
and be loved by many people. Celebrities also have a good chance of earning a huge
some of money through celebrity endorsement and businesses. However, the acting
industry can be competitive and stressful. As the result, they don’t have that much privacy

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as normal people and find it hard to have a work-life balance. And not every actor or
actress can earn much money thanks to their career, especially those who are not famous.

3/ Are there many people in your country who want to be an actor/ actress?

(same)

4/ Are actors or actresses very interested in their work?

I am not one of them, but I suppose for the most part, actors and actresses are passinate
about their careers. This is mainly because they are often forced to choose this career by
their parents or anyone but they choose it themselves. Therefore, once they choose to
pursue this work, they are fond of it or drawn to it, and are willing to accept all the
challenges they may have to face.

5/ What can children learn from acting?

Actually, I think children can learn a lot from acting. First of all, they can learn how to be
more confident. Being on stage in front of many people may be quite hard at first,
especially for children who are often shy, but then they will gradually draw out of their
shells and may shine one day. Secondly, an acting class or course may help children to
improve their communication skills through their lessons on communicating with other
actors, and thanks to the instructions about their facial and body expressions, voice tone,
and so on. There should be more to tell, but unfortunately, I am not an expert in this field.

6/Why do children like special costumes?

Well, I think this is mainly because these costumes are just special, in terms of designs and
meanings. There are special costumes for acting or for holidays such as Tet holiday,
Thanksgiving, Christmas, and Halloween, and wearing these kinds of costumes gives them
a sense of being special. Actually, it can help them feel the vibe of the holiday or feel like
turning into another character of another world. Sometimes, being different from the daily
routine is a treat to children.

7/ What are the differences between actors who earn much and actors who earn
little?

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Acting salaries vary dramatically. While the top-earning celebrity actors catch most of the
headlines and the biggest paychecks, far more actors work in smaller roles in plays, theater
or low film and television productions and earn a little. The factor that decides it is the
famous level of the actors or the actresses. When it comes to a movie star, of course, the
payment will be a huge sum. When it comes to a new and inexperienced, or an actor of no
special acting, the payment is much smaller.

TOPIC 19. DESCRIBE A PIECE OF GOOD NEWS YOU HEARD ABOUT SOMEONE YOU
KNOW WELL.

(Hoặc là đề Describe a piece of good news that you heard about someone you are
familiar with – Nếu là đề bài như này, các em dẫn dắt là Ông Trường G. Bình là
một người ông họ)

I will take this chance to tell you about the time when I heard a piece of good news
about my idol – also a famous businessman who shines not only for his talent and success but
also for his contributions to our society.
He is Mr. Truong Gia Binh, or Mr. Binh for short, Chairman of FPT corporation- a
giant (ông lớn) in the field of technology in my country. It not only provides services about
technology but also runs a prestigious university (trường DH danh tiếng) in Vietnam- FPT
University.
2 years ago, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, thousands of children in Vietnam alone
were made orphans, which was really heartbreaking. One day, I read a news about a kind
man who decided to adopt and raise 1,000 children who lost their parents due to the Covid-
19 pandemic. And it was no one other than Mr. Binh.
To be more specific, he decided to build a school for those children. This school will
be the training place for grades 1 to 12 and even the university.

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For children who have lost their parents due to the Covid-19 pandemic, he wants to
create an environment for them to study, practice, and turn their pain into strength (biến nỗi
đau thành sức mạnh
Yk, there have been many successful and renowned people who have done voluntary work or
did donate a huge sum of money to needy people, but the fact that he decided to be the father
of 1,000 children is such a miracle (điều kì diệu). He must have a heart made of gold. So, this
is something I wanna talk about a famous businessman in my country.
PART 3.

1/ Is it good to share something on social media?

It depends on what is shared. Obviously, it’s not a problem when someone shares a small
piece of story about his daily life, or a picture of himself and his friends in a gathering. But
it’s a horse of a different color if he publishes his personal identity and home address,
which may harm his own privacy and safety. Also, it’s stipulated (qui định) in the law
that/ According to the law, one may get fined and even imprisoned for spreading falsified
information (phát tán thông tin sai lệch) on the internet.

a horse of a different color (idiom): chuyện hoàn toàn khác

2/ Should the media only publish good news?

Of course not. Bad news has its own values and should also be covered on news channels.
For example, stories about crimes tell people to take precautions (cẩn trọng) and learn
how to protect themselves from evildoers (những kẻ xấu). And news about traffic
accidents reminds people to obey traffic laws and be careful of traffic black spots (điểm
đen giao thông). And I can say the media would be helpless if there were no negative
pieces of news.

3/ How does social media help people access information?

In various ways, I can say. As today’s people frequently use social networking sites, major
publishers also have their presence on social media. And by posting their articles on
Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter, they are able to reach more readers. Also, today everyone

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can become a publisher themselves. With just a few clicks, they can easily spread a piece of
news, much faster than any official news channel.

4/ What kind of good news do people often share in the community?

Well, it’s hard to generalize them all. It can be an individual’s achievement, a facility
development project, and more. Last month, a neighbor of ours opened his fast food
restaurant and he didn’t even have to advertise, partly thanks to word of mouth (truyền
miệng, đồn).

Do most people like to share good news with others?

Yes, many people enjoy sharing good news with others. Sharing positive experiences and
news can bring happiness and strengthen social bonds, which is why many people take
pleasure in spreading good news and spreading positivity to those around them.

Do people like to hear good news from their friends?

Yes, many people enjoy hearing good news from their friends. Good news can bring
happiness and positivity, and can help to strengthen the bond between people. Hearing about
the successes and joys of others can be uplifting and inspiring, and can help to spread
positivity and good feelings in a community.

How do most people get their news in your country?

the majority of people get their news through a combination of traditional media sources such
as television, radio, and newspapers, as well as online sources such as news websites, social
media platforms, and mobile news apps. The rise of digital technology has made it easier
than ever to access news from a wide range of sources, and many people now rely on a
combination of traditional and digital media to stay informed about current events.

How do you think people will get their news in the future?

It is likely that people will continue to get their news from a variety of sources in the future,
including traditional media like newspapers and broadcast news, as well as online and social
media platforms. However, as technology continues to advance, there may be more
personalized and targeted news delivery systems, such as news apps that tailor stories to an

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individual's interests and preferences. Additionally, there may be an increased reliance on AI

and machine learning algorithms to curate news stories, potentially leading to more
personalized but also potentially biased news consumption.

Do you believe everything you read in the newspapers?

It is generally advisable to read newspapers and other news sources with a critical eye, as
they can sometimes present biased or incomplete information. It is important to verify the
facts and consult multiple sources to gain a well-rounded understanding of an issue.
Additionally, it is important to consider the reputation and credibility of the news source in
question.

How have social media changed the way we get and share the news?

Social media has revolutionized the way we get and share news. With the rise of social media
platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, news now spreads faster than ever before.
People can now receive news alerts in real-time, and citizen journalism has become
increasingly popular, enabling anyone with a smartphone to become a reporter. However, the
rise of social media has also led to concerns about the quality and reliability of news, as fake
news and misinformation can spread rapidly.

Do you think printed newspapers will disappear in the future?

It's difficult to predict the future, but it's clear that the rise of digital media has already had a
significant impact on the newspaper industry. Many people now prefer to get their news
online, through websites, social media, and other digital platforms. This has led to a decline
in print newspaper readership and circulation. However, it's important to note that there are
still many people who enjoy reading a physical newspaper, and some experts believe that
print newspapers will continue to exist in some form, although they may become less common
over time.

TOPIC 20. DESCRIBE A GIFT YOU GOT.

You know, receiving money as a gift is not a custom in my country but at wedding
parties or Tet holidays. However, there was a time when I received money from other
people. At my 15th birthday party, I received a big amount of money from my sister, Linh.

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On my birthday, I threw a small party at home and invited some friends and relatives to
come. We had a good time there. Everyone had a blast there
(mọi người đã rất vui). Most people brought with them sentimental gifts (món quà giá
trị tinh thần) such as flowers, cards, ornaments, and toys (you name it) but only my sister
gave me an envelope with money inside.

To tell the truth, I was too shy to get that money but I’d say the money was indeed very
meaningful to me. Actually, my sister knew that I had been longing for a new laptop and
had been saving the whole year for it, but hadn’t saved enough for it yet. The laptop I was
yearning for was one from a famous technology brand named HP with exceptional
functions (chức năng vượt chội), which would allow me to study more effectively.
However, it was quite pricey, so I could not afford it.

I really appreciated her gift as it was not only about the money but also the fact that she
really put herself in my shoes (hiểu) and cared about me.

To me, my sister is more than a sister, but a big friend who is always there for me at my
worst or best, especially when I was in deep water (gặp khó khăn).

PART 3. GIFTS AND REWARDS

1/ What rewards do children want to get?

Oh, I think that it is praise and attention that kids want to get the most from parents and
close people as they are the things that they lack nowadays. And then, all kinds of gifts such
as candies, toys, books, and food. Some children also want to be rewarded with a day at the
entertainment centers or at the park or some game time at the weekend.

2/ What are children often rewared for at school?

Schoosl offer a lot of different awards to students in order to motivate them to try harder
on their academic performance or to behave well at school. First of all, almost all schools
provide certificates for those who successfully achieved something such as doing well in
exams, writing excellent essays, winning a competition, you name it. Other things that
children can get rewarded are money, gifts and praise.

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3/ What rewards can companies offer to outstanding employees?

Well, any rewards that will make them feel special and values, for example, praising them
in front of others, escially the management board, introducing them to the VIPS in the
organization, or promoting to a higher position. I also think that it is a good idea for the
company to send them to seminars or educational events to give them the sense of being
important. Well, and it would be great to provide them with office perks like private office,
a comfortable room and free nutritious lunch.

What is the purpose of gift giving?

The purpose of gift giving varies depending on the context and culture. In general, people
give gifts to express their love, appreciation, or gratitude towards someone. It can also serve
as a gesture of goodwill or to celebrate a special occasion such as a birthday or wedding.
Gifts can also be given to express sympathy or to apologize for a mistake. In some cultures,
gift giving is a way to build and maintain relationships, while in others it is a way to show
social status or to gain favor.

How has gift giving changed since your grandparents’ time?

Gift giving has undergone significant transformation since the time of our grandparents. The
rise of technology, increased focus on personalization, emphasis on experiences, concern for
sustainability, and the popularity of gift cards are some of the key changes. The way gifts are
selected, purchased, and delivered has become more convenient and flexible, but the
fundamental act of giving gifts remains the same.

How important is gift giving in a relationship?

Gift giving can play an important role in a relationship, as it is a way to show love,
appreciation, and thoughtfulness towards the recipient. Gifts can help strengthen the
emotional connection, foster a sense of gratitude, mark special occasions, and improve
communication. However, it's important to note that gifts are not the only way to show love
and appreciation in a relationship and that the value of a gift lies in the thought and
sentiment behind it.

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What is more important when it comes to giving a gift, cost or effort?

When it comes to giving a gift, the effort put into it is more important than the cost. A gift that
is thoughtfully chosen and shows consideration for the recipient's interests and needs is more
valuable than a costly gift that lacks thought and sentiment. The thought and sentiment
behind a gift are what truly make it special and meaningful, regardless of its cost.

Do you think it's suitable to give money as a gift?

Giving money as a gift can be appropriate in certain circumstances, such as when the
recipient has a specific need or request that can be met with financial support. For example,
if someone is saving up for a big purchase or going through a difficult time, a monetary gift
can be very helpful. Additionally, giving money can be a convenient option for those who may
have difficulty choosing a gift or who want the recipient to have the freedom to choose what
they would like.
However, it's important to consider the relationship and cultural norms before giving money
as a gift. In some cultures, giving money may be seen as impersonal or thoughtless, while in
others it is an accepted and appreciated gift.

Do you think it's a good idea for people who are doing business with each other to
exchange gifts?

Exchanging gifts between business partners or colleagues can be a good idea under certain
circumstances, as it can help build stronger relationships, foster goodwill, and show
appreciation. For example, if a business relationship has been established for some time, or if
a project has been successfully completed, a gift can be a nice way to acknowledge and
celebrate the occasion.

However, it's important to keep in mind that gift giving in a business context should be done
with care and consideration. The gift should be appropriate, professional, and not too lavish,
as this can raise ethical concerns or appear to be an attempt to influence the recipient.
Additionally, it's important to consider cultural norms and the customs of the recipient, as
what is considered appropriate in one culture may not be in another.

What kinds of gifts do young people like to receive as rewards?

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Young people today tend to appreciate gifts that are personalized and reflect their unique
interests and preferences. They also enjoy experiential gifts such as tickets to concerts or
sporting events, or opportunities to try new activities. Additionally, many young people are
tech-savvy and enjoy receiving gifts that are related to technology, such as the latest gadgets
or accessories.

It's important to note that the preferences of young people can vary greatly, and it's always
best to consider their individual interests and tastes when choosing a gift. Additionally, gifts
that are practical and useful, such as books or school supplies, can also be appreciated by
many young people.

TOPIC 21. DESCRIBE A NOISY PLACE YOU HAVE BEEN TO

(các em có thể dùng ngay đề một lần đến nơi đông đúc, bổ sung từ vựng v ề s ự
ồn ào là được nhé)

Today, I would like to talk about a Vietnamese traditional flea market, named Cát Bi. It
is located right in the city center, so it takes me only 10 minutes to get there by
motorbike.

The market is a real magnet that attracts tens of thousands of people to visit every day
because it is a heaven for gourmets (những người sành ăn). There is an extensive
menu for food lovers to choose. Those include stew chicken (gà tần), beef vermicelli
(bún bò), crab noodle soup (bánh đa cua), and pork rib porridge (cháo sườn), and
the list goes on.

It is my habit to take a food tour around the market every weekend, which is
extremely interesting. Besides food, in the market, you can find virtually everything
under the sun, ranging from decorations to clothes, from children’s toys to electronic
devices. Everything is surprisingly cheap. Of course, those shoes are only copies of
famous brands; however, for a student like me, they are the number one option. And so,
with its diverse goods, reasonable prices, and irresistible foods, the market appeals to
people from all walks of life (mọi người từ nhiều tầng lớp khác nhau). Of course, that

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also means it’s always busy and noisy. There, all the times, you can hear customers
bargaining with sellers, and shop owners urging their employees to hurry up, and even
angry people arguing with each other sometimes. Sometimes I can’t even hear myself
think due to the intolerable sounds. Still, even the deafening noises can’t make the
market less attractive to local people and visitors.

flea market (n): chợ trời

gourmet (n): người sành ăn

everything under the sun (idiom): mọi thứ trên đời

people from all walks of life (idiom): mọi người từ nhiều tầng lớp khác nhau

can’t hear oneself think (idiom): không thể nghe thấy mình nghĩ gì (quá ồn ào)

PART 3. NOISE

1/ How can people consider others’ feelings when chatting in public?

When having a conversation in a public place, say, in a shopping mall or in a café, it is

important for people having a chat to be mindful of others around them and try to
minimize the impact of their conversation on other people. To do this, people can try to
speak at a volume that is appropriate for the setting and pay attention to the
surroundings. They should also mind about the content, I mean, the topic of their
conversation. If they want to talk abou something sensitive, they should find a quiet
corners.

2/ Are cities becoming noisier?

Is city or the countryside noisier?

Yes, the level of noise is getting higher and higher. In fact, it is so high that it is now
regarded a type of environmental pollution. This is because nowadays cities are more
crowded than in the past, which means that there’s much more traffic on roads, more
people talking, and more markets and even machines that create noise.

3/ What type of noise do you come across in your daily life?

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We are now surrounded by different sounds both indoors and outdoors. It could be the
noise from the electronic devices inside our house such as the fridge, the water-filtration
machine, air-conditioner, TV and so on. When we go out, the noise can come from people
talking and screaming, traffic on roads, noise from the contruction sites or factories.

4/ Do you mind noise? Does any noise bother you?

Yes, too much noise can drive me to distraction (dẫn tới việc mất tập trung), and makes me
feel tired and stressed. And it surely worsens my sleep disorders (rối loạn giấc ngủ). So,
when my neighbors have their houses newly built or repaired, the best bet (giải pháp tốt
nhất) is that I pack my clothes and move to my grandparents’ for a few days, or even months.

5/ Where can people hear a lot of noise?

A street market, a train station, a construction site, a bar, and more, you name it. Mostly, it’s
annoying in those places. But noises in a flea market (chợ trời) are an exception to me. They
really bring me a sense of nostalgia as my grandmother used to work as a shopkeeper in a
market like that, and the sounds of people bargaining remind me of her.

6/ What can be done to reduce the traffic noise?

Well, one practical solution is to introduce laws to restrict people from beeping their horns,
except in dangerous situations. This can lessen the influence of ill-mannered road users on
others. Another measure could be a technical one. Say, on expressways, there should be noise
embankment devices (các thiết bị giảm tiếng ồn) to prevent deafening noises caused by
vehicles travelling at a 100km/hour.

Do you think it is good for children to make noise?

Yes, it is good for children to make noise as it is a natural part of their development and a
way for them to express themselves. It also helps them learn and develop their communication
skills. However, it is important to find a balance and teach children when it is appropriate to
make noise and when it is not, such as in certain public spaces or during quiet hours.
Additionally, parents should also be mindful of their child's noise level and try to minimize
excessive noise that may disturb others.

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Should children not be allowed to make noise under any circumstances?

No, it's not realistic to expect children to be completely quiet all the time. Children are
naturally curious, playful, and energetic, and these qualities often lead to noise. However, it's
important to teach children to be respectful of others and to know when it's appropriate to be
quiet. For example, they should learn to be quiet during school lessons or when someone is
trying to concentrate. Parents should also set reasonable expectations and guidelines for
noise level at home and in public spaces.

What harms does noise pollution bring? How to reduce the harm of noise?

Excessive noise pollution can cause physical and mental health issues, including hearing loss,
cardiovascular disease, and stress. It can also disrupt sleep, communication, and overall
quality of life. To reduce the harm of noise pollution, individuals and communities can take
steps such as using noise-cancelling headphones, implementing noise ordinances, planting
vegetation to absorb sound, and designing buildings with noise reduction in mind. It is
essential to raise awareness of the harms of noise pollution and take action to reduce it.

TOPIC 22. DESCRIBE YOUR FAVORITE PLACE IN YOUR HOUSE WHERE YOU CAN
RELAX.

Well, as a saying goes: “Life is suffering,” and each person has his or her own
coping mechanism. As for me, one of the most effective ways to let off steam is to take a
seat in the front yard, where we have a small garden full of plants of various types and
flowers of vivid colors.

There, we have a jack fruit tree, a mango tree, and a trellis for paper flowers, and
there are types of vegetation I don’t even know their names. In the middle of the yard
stand a table and some chairs, but I prefer sitting or lying down on the green lawn. In
fact, the garden is the fruit of my mother’s hard work. Every day she spends hours
watering, picking up warms, trimming branches, and getting the soil fertilized. Thanks to
her meticulousness, thoughtfulness and carefulness, I have a place to chill out and
separate myself from sources of stress.

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You know, whenever I feel exhausted, mostly by stressful hours at school and
nerve-racking exams, I’d like to turn back to the yard, get myself surrounded by nature,
enjoy the fresh air and let my mind wander. That’s not to mention the delicate
fragrance exuded by the flowers, which provides me with an aromatic therapy that
soothes my soul. Sometimes, I invite my friends to have some barbeque in the front yard
as a way to strengthen our relationships. During these times, we shoot the breeze and
crack ourselves up with funny jokes. To cut the story short, the garden has become an
indispensable part of my life.

life is suffering (idiom): đời là bể khổ

coping mechanism (n): cách để đối phó với stress
let off steam (idiom): xả hơi
the fruit of sth (n): thành quả của cái gì
nerve-racking (adj): căng thẳng đầu óc
let my mind wander (v): để tâm trí đi dạo
delicate fragrance (n): hương thơm nhẹ nhàng, tinh tế
exude (v): toát ra, tỏa ra
sooth my soul (v): xoa dịu tâm hồn tôi
shoot the breeze (idiom): chém gió
crack sb up (idiom): khiến ai bật cười
PART 3. HAVING A REST, DOING EXERCISE

1/ What is the place where people spend most of their time in their home?

People typically spend most of their time in their homes in the living room. This is
because the living room is often the central gathering place in a house and is used for
many activities such as relaxing, watching Tv, reading, and entertaining guests. The
kitchen is also another place where people often spend a lot of time in their homes,
especially when it comes to preparing meals or having meals. Some people also spend a
lot of time in their bedrooms as they are the ideal place for privacy, relaxation, and
study.

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2/ Why is it difficult for some people to relax?

In my opinion, the main reason why some people might find it difficult to relax is the
stress they have to face. I mean, those who have to constantly deal with stress in their
lives may have a hard time relaxing as they always think of their worries. Anxiety and
depression can also make it difficult for people to relax as they can make it hard for them
to switch off their thoughts and feel at ease. Another reason to mention is that these
people might be living in an area affected by noise pollution.

What are the benefits of doing exercise?

Regular exercise has numerous benefits for both physical and mental health. It can help to
improve cardiovascular health, build muscle strength and endurance, and increase flexibility
and balance. Exercise has also been shown to help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as
obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease. Additionally, exercise can have a positive impact
on mental health, reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression, improving mood, and
enhancing cognitive function. Finally, exercise can be a great way to socialize and connect
with others who share similar interests and goals.
Do people in your country exercise after work?
Yes, many people in Vietnam exercise after work, especially in big cities where there are
various options for fitness centers, yoga classes, or outdoor activities. Due to the busy lifestyle
and traffic congestion, people often exercise in the evening or early morning to avoid rush
hours. It has become a popular trend in Vietnam, as more people realize the importance of
maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

TOPIC 23. DESCRIBE A PERSON YOU MET AT A PARTY AND ENJOYED TALKING
WITH.

SAMPLE 1

Well, thank you for giving me this opportunity to talk about an old businessman that I
really adore- Mr. Truong Gia Binh, or Mr. Binh for short. Well, in case you might not know,
he is the chairman of FPT corporation- a giant (ông lớn) in the field of technology in my
country, also the founder of FPT University. He is now in his late 60s.

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That time, I was so fortunate to get a scholarship from FPT University and have the
privilege (có đặc ân) to be invited to his party for excellent students from all provinces in Viet
nam. There, I had a chance to talk a lot with him. I asked him a lot about his life, his
childhood, and how he overcame all difficulties in his life. In response, he told me the stories
about his childhood and his life with ups and downs, how he overcame them all and became
the successful man he is now. But the highlight of the conversation was about his humane
(nhân văn) decision to raise 1,000 children who lost their parents due to the Covid-19
pandemic.

This is such a moving story and a miracle (điều kì diệu) instead. He is not only
charming and knowledgeable but also a warm and lovable man. The way he told the story
was so enthralling (cuốn hút) that I was engrossed in it, losing track of time (quên cả thời
gian). From the conversation with him, I learned many valuable lessons about life, love, and
sympathy. A small chat with him was truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience (trải nghiệm để
đời) for me.

SAMPLE 2
There are many people I have met in my life and wanna get to know better, and here is
one of them- Ms. Ly, a freelance artist.
So, let me introduce her first. Ms. Ly is now in her early 40s and she is a creative
person who always comes up with interesting ideas. She is currently the leader of the group
in which I am a member. This group is created for those who share the same interest of
making things from discarded trash. We also run a project named “exchange your trash for
plants” in which you exchange your categorized trash (rác đã phân loại) such as bottles,
paper, old clothes, or even batteries for a small pot of plants. This project aims at raising
people’s awareness about (nâng cao nhận thức con người về) protecting the environment,
which is so meaningful.
Last year, I met her at a group party where we gave handmade gifts to people who
change their trash, and I was literally attracted by that woman. I have spent the whole day
working and chatting with her, and I’d say working with her is such a rewarding experience
as she is not only a sweet and creative person but also the one who shares many things in

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common with me. Actually, it doesn’t really matter what we do as long as we are together.
Every hour with her feels like a minute. I always feel the positive energy when being with
her and I can learn so much from her.
Though we just met once, she left a very strong impression on me. It’s not an
exaggeration to say that she is my role model who spends a lot of her time for the sake of the
environment. This is the reason why I really love to learn more about her.
On what occasions would people be willing to get to know new people?

Well, it’s hard to generalize them all, given the limited time of the test. But I’m thinking of students
in the very first sessions at school or a person moving to a new neighborhood. In those situations,
people may try to break the ice and try to forge relationships with their new classmates or
neighbors, so that they don’t feel lonely and isolated. It also assists them in their studies and life.

break the ice (v): phá băng

forge relationship (v): tạo dựng mối quan hệ

How do people start a conversation?

There are various ways to initiate a conversation. It could be asking for a favour, like a person
getting lost asking for a stranger’s help to find the right direction. It could also be a compliment, or a
complaint about the weather, or a self-introduction. For example, while spectating a football match,
two fans who have never met each other before may have talks when one makes a comment that the
other agrees with.

Why are some people unwilling to have conversations with others?

It’s a tough question that I’ve never thought of. I guess some people, by nature, are shy and may find
it uncomfortable when talking with others, especially ones they’re not close to. And some others are
tight-lipped and hardly want to share their private life and their thoughts with others ‘coz they’re
afraid that they may not receive sympathy or agreement from the interlocutors. Anyway, it’s just
my own speculation.

tight-lipped (adj): kín tiếng

interlocutor (n): người nói chuyện cùng

speculation (n): suy đoán

Is it difficult for people in your country to communicate with people from other countries?

It depends. For those who are good at an international language, like English or French or
Chinese, they tend to find it effortless to have talks with foreigners. And of course, for those who
can’t speak a foreign language, or feels unconfident about their foreign language skills, it’s such a
great barrier to cross.

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Where do people go to meet new people?

There are many places where people can go to meet new people. Some popular options include
social events such as parties or networking events, community activities such as sports teams or
volunteer organizations, and online platforms such as social media or dating apps. Workplaces and
educational institutions also provide opportunities for people to meet new colleagues or classmates.
It's important to find a place where you feel comfortable and can connect with people who share
similar interests.

Is it difficult for adults to talk with children?

Yes, it can be difficult for some adults to communicate with children. This may be due to the
differences in their perspectives, experiences, and communication styles. However, it also depends
on the individual adult and child, as well as the context of the conversation.

TOPIC 24. DESCRIBE A COMPLAINT THAT YOU MADE AND SATISFIED WITH THE
RESULT (CÁC EM THI TỪ T1-THÁNG 4 CÓ THỂ DÙNG LUÔN ĐỀ NÀY CHO ĐỀ
MỘT TRẢI NGHIỆM MUA SẮM TRONG VUI VẺ)

Last November, I had a not-so-interesting shopping experience. As my brother’s

birthday was coming and the weather was rather cold, I decided to buy him a jacket. After
considering a thousand models, I eventually made a decision.

Of course, only when the shopkeeper guaranteed that I could get a change within 7
days did I decide to pay for the item. Well, as I had anticipated, my brother was really
interested in the jacket, but it was a little tight for him. Probably because he had gained
some weight after a summer vacation. That meant I had to take the jacket to the store for
a change.

But to my surprise and disappointment, another shopkeeper refused to get me a new

one with the excuse that the store only accepted a change within 5 days, instead of a week
as announced by the previous shop assistant. Well, that really got on my nerves. Of course,
as a customer in the era of technology, I knew that I had my own power. Shortly after, I

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wrote some reviews about the store on Facebook and gave the store one star on Google
Maps.

A day after, the owner of the fashion store contacted me and apologized for the
incident, and offered me a new jacket with some discounts. Well, it showed that the shop
owner really cared about the reputation of his store. And as my feedback was listened to, I
felt a little sense of satisfaction, and my attitude towards the shop changed.

get on my nerves (idiom): làm ai phát điên

What products or services do people in your country like to complain about?

Well, I can make a long list. Those include gas prices, food quality, designs and materials of
clothes, and café services, and more. You know, I’m crazy about street foods, and it’s a
recreational activity of mine to discover new restaurants and eateries in the city, try their food,
and write reviews on Google Maps. I believe it’s a way I can make contributions to the
restaurant industry in my hometown.
Would you buy things in the shops which you have complained about before?
Well, it depends on what the complaint is about, or how serious it is. You know, nothing is
perfect, and a negative review doesn’t mean a shop is terrible in all aspects. Also, sometimes a
not-too-bad shop is worth visiting again for its proximity to my house and for convenience.
Is it necessary for companies to set up customer service?
Definitely yes. Customers’ satisfaction is vital for the existence and development of any
company. And you having a customer service department, an enterprise can assist its
customers in case they have inquiries about the products or services. Also, customer service
acts as a channel for a company to listen to its customers’ needs, from which it can make
enhancements.
Do you think customers' complaints will improve products or services?
It depends on two factors, I believe. First, it is whether the reviews are constructive or not.
Say, some negative feedback aims to ruin/tarnish an organization’s reputation, rather than for
an expected improvement. Second, it is how amenable to (sẵn sàng tiếp nhận) suggestions
the feedback receiver is. I mean, some companies are more conservative (bảo thue) than
others. Of course, if a company refuses to listen to its customers, it puts nails in its own
coffin.

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tarnish (v): làm hoen ố

puts nails in one’s coffin (idiom): đóng đinh vào quan tài -> một pha tự hủy
Are there any disadvantages of setting up customer service?
Yes, there are, I suppose. The owner of a service or product provider may experience burnout
and stress when there are too many complaints made to its operation. Also, different buyers
and service users have different requirements. Meeting all of their needs is surely time-
consuming and complicated. Still, I believe it matters to a company’s survival in today’s cut-
throat competition (cạnh tranh khốc liệt / đôi khi thiếu công bằng, lành mạnh).

When are people more likely to make complaints?

Well, there are various reasons for a complaint. It could be a bad weather condition, an
unsatisfactory service, an item out of order, long working hours and a low salary, and more.
As for me, it could be heavy loads of homework/work and a seemingly endless series of
deadlines.
out of order (idiom): bị hỏng
Which one is better when making a complaint, by talking or by writing?
Well, what a tough question. Spoken language and written language have their own strengths,
and it’s true in this case. When people talk, it’s easier to express their emotions, such as
frustration, anger and upset. It’s also a faster way. But it’s informal and it’s surely not a good
option when the complaint is to be made to an authority, or a university, and the like.
Who are more likely to make complaints, older people or younger people?
People’s frequency and likelihood to complaints have nothing to do with their age, I suppose.
Rather, it depends more on their characteristics. Say, those who are hard-to-please and have
strong personality are more likely to explicitly express their disappointment and disagreement
than those who are easy-going and mild.
have nothing to do with (idiom): chẳng liên quan gì đến
mild (adj): nhẹ nhàng (tính cách)
How would you react if you received a poor service at a restaurant?
I’d say nothing to the restaurant owners, because it may lead to an unnecessary argument. But
I’d write some reviews on Google Maps or a social networking site, so that others can avoid
the same situations. I also believe it’s a noble way to remind the restaurant owners to make
improvements in their services, if they pay attention to those comments.

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How do people often respond to poor customer service?

In many different ways, actually. Some may react aggressively and even violently. Sometimes
we can see angry customers arguing with service providers in a furious way. Meanwhile,
others gently give feedback. And also, there are people who choose to keep silent and simply
never return.

What products or services do people in your country like to complain about?

People tend to complain about products or services related to their daily life and needs,
such as mobile phone services, internet services, public transportation, and customer
service from banks or utility companies. It is common for people to be dissatisfied with
issues such as poor quality, unresponsive customer service, high costs, and unreliable
services.

Would you buy things in the shops which you have made complaints before?

ome people may still choose to buy things from shops they've made complaints about
before, while others may avoid doing so. The decision to continue shopping at a particular
place despite past complaints can depend on various factors such as the severity of the
issue, the effectiveness of the company's resolution, or the availability of alternative
options. Additionally, some individuals may value the convenience of shopping at a
familiar location or the quality of the products being sold, and are willing to overlook past
negative experiences.

Complaint online or in the shop which is better complaint by talk or writing

Both methods of complaining have their own advantages and disadvantages. Complaining
in person at the shop allows for immediate response and the opportunity to discuss the
issue directly with a representative. However, online complaints can be made at any time
and provide a written record of the complaint. This can be useful in situations where a
resolution is not immediately reached. Ultimately, the best method of complaining depends
on the specific situation and personal preference.

Do you think customers’ complaints will improve products or services?

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Yes, customers' complaints can definitely improve products or services. By hearing

customers' complaints and suggestions, companies can identify areas where their products
or services are lacking and take steps to improve them. This feedback loop is crucial for
ensuring that companies are meeting the needs and expectations of their customers.
Additionally, addressing customer complaints in a timely and effective manner can help
build trust and loyalty with customers, leading to long-term success for the company.

Are there any disadvantages to set up customer service?

While having a customer service system can bring many benefits to a business, there are
also potential disadvantages to consider. One such disadvantage is the cost of setting up
and maintaining a customer service department, including the expense of hiring and
training staff, providing necessary equipment, and implementing a communication system.
Additionally, some customers may not be satisfied with the level of service they receive or
may have difficulty navigating the customer service system, leading to frustration and
potentially damaging the business's reputation.

TOPIC 25. DESCRIBE A ROUTINE YOU HAVE IN YOUR LIFE THAT YOU ENJOY

I’m going to tell you about one of my routines which helps me the most in staying
focused: going jogging in the morning. I often get bogged down (busy) with study, and it
seems like I cannot stay concentrated if I don’t take a short break to exercise.
I took up this habit about 2 years ago. At that time, I was up to my ears with (bù đầu
với) study to prepare for my entrance examination so I was a little bit stressed out (căng
thẳng). Then I thought that I needed to do something energetic to release some stress (xả
stress), so I decided to have a crack at (thử) jogging.
At first, doing this was quite challenging (khó khăn) for me because I led a sedentary
lifestyle (có lối sống thụ động). I just sat in front of my computer every day to complete my
assignments. But after a few days of suffering from muscle aches (bị đau cơ), I got used to
jogging and kept doing it in the evenings.

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Well, I have to say that this sport has helped me a lot in strengthening (tăng cường) my
physical health as well as my mental health.
I feel like a new person after sweating a bit in the morning. Actually, I feel like I wouldn’t be
able to function without exercise- it’s what gives me energy. I feel proud of myself that this is
what keeps me focused, as it is also a healthy habit to have. I can recharge my brain and
work on my fitness simultaneously (at the same time)! All in all, I’m in love with this method
and it makes me feel amazing!
PART 3. ROUTINES

1/ Should children have learning routines?

Absolutely. Having learning routines can be very beneficial for children. It helps them
develop good study habits, feel secure and know what to expect, and develop self-discipline
and independence. Learning routines can also help children to develop their time management
skills by setting aside time for learning and prioritizing their important responsibilities.

2/ Do you agree that having a routine gives people more time to think?

I guess I cannot say for sure that having a routine guarantees this but increases the likelihood
that you will have more time to think. To be more specific, if you have a routine, you don’t
have to spend much time thinking about what you will and should do today, hence, have more
time to think about other things that are in your mind.

3/ Do you think that having a daily routine is boring?

I believe that it really depends on your attitude about that action in your daily routine. For
example, when it comes to household chores, it may be boring for a person to always get up at
5 am to prepare breakfast. On the other hand, if you really love to have a sip early in the
morning to start your day right and to feel fresh, then I think it’s not boring at all. In short, it
depends on the fact that whether you like it or not.

4/ Would you agree that people who have fixed routines are not creative?

I quite agree with this idea. First of all, having a fixed routine makes people less creative as
doing the same things day after day makes them feel bored to death, and somehow, it prevents

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people from thinking out of the box. On top of that, when people are used to a fixed schedule,
any change might make them stressed and worried.

5/ Are there people who don’t like routine?

Definitely yes. I am sure there are many people who dislike daily routine. The main reason, I
guess, is they tend to feel bored to death doing repetitive things day after day. These people
want something new, something unexpected, something strange and they are willing to take
them.

7/ What are the advantages of students having a routine at school?

Well, routines allow students to quickly accomplish day-to-day tasks (hoàn thành các
nhiệm vụ lặp đi lặp lại hàng ngày) that are required of both the teacher and students.
Routines also help to create smoother transitions (sự chuyển đổi dễ dàng) between
activities and therefore allow fewer opportunities for disruptions to occur. Therefore, students
may feel more secure at school.

8/ Does having a routine make children feel more secure at school?

(same)

9/ How do people’s routines differ on weekdays and weekends?

I think the routines during weekdays and weekends are remarkably different from each other.
Normally, people have school and work on the weekdays, so it’s a lot more structured. On
the other hand, when it comes to their weekends when they have one or two days off, they
often use the weekends to rest by randomly doing things they like such as hanging out with
friends, joining family gatherings, taking part in meditation class or just lying on the bed.

10/ What daily routine do people have at home?

I think people’s routines at home, especially during weekdays are quite repetitive, getting up
in the morning, doing personal hygiene, having breakfast, cooking lunch and dinner, watching

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TV, and going to sleep. If a person works from home, maybe the routine will be a little more
different.

11/ What are the differences between people’s daily routines now and in the last 15 years?

I suppose there are 3 three main differences. 15 years ago, I don’t think people used to spend
as much time as they do now on social media. I mean, they might have spent more time with
their friends and families instead of being with their mobile phones or computers. Another
difference, I think, is that people of presence spend more time out relaxing such as eating out,
hanging out with friends at coffee shops, something like that. Last but not least, it seems that
people of 15 years ago spent more time doing household chores on a daily basis, while more
people nowadays rely on modern household devices to assist them with household chores,
having more time to relax.

TOPIC 26. DESCRIBE AN ADVERTISEMENT THAT YOU DON’T LIKE

While some advertisements are quite funny and educational, others are quirky (kì
cục) or offensive (chướng tai gai mắt, khó chịu). And, I’ll take this chance to tell you about
such a dull and irritating advertisement from a Vietnamese washing detergent brand-Aba.

Aba's advertising content is literally nonsense. The opening starts with a never-ending

argument between the two sisters. And hardly can we understand what they are arguing

about. And all of a sudden, the older sister asks to go… wash the clothes and doesn’t want to

talk to her sister anymore. Then, they happily share 2 packages of washing powder in the

basket and do not forget to confirm the quality of the product.

The "bullshit" plot and the shocking ending make me really angry and want to

change the channel every time the company's TVC appears. It truly wastes my time. Many

times have I wondered why this company still invests money in releasing tasteless ads that

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make the audiences cringe (khó chịu, ghê tởm). Their commercial is the typical example of

bad advertising: bad acting, poor message, and lack of creativity.

PART 3.

What are the most advertised products in your country?

It’s an intriguing question. And I have to say that I don’t have a clear answer for it. You know, in
today’s competitive world, no matter what products or services a company produces or provides,
advertising is crucial for a boost in sales numbers. I hardly seen any kind of goods and services that
are not promoted. And so, nowadays we’re inundated with pieces of advertising, which come in
different shapes, sizes and contents.

be inundated with sth (adj): bị ngập trong

Which one is more effective, newspaper advertising or online advertising?

I would say online adverts, of course. With the development of information technology and the
availability of the internet, people are ditching traditional newspapers and switching to online news
channels such as social networks and news websites. And with its reducing readership, advertising
on newspapers is no longer a good way to reach potential buyers. And I believe most manufacturers
and service providers know that.

ditch sth (v): loại bỏ

What do you think of celebrity endorsement in advertising?

Well, I think it’s an effective idea for a marketer or a company to attract buyers’ attention since the
presence of a famous entertainer is enough to draw his or her fans to watch the video. But as far as
I’m concerned, many celebrities sign endorsement contracts just for one reason: money. And for
their own sake, they tend to exacerbate about the quality of the products, to convince advert
watchers to open their wallets. Some celebrities even endorse products they’ve never used. And
personally I consider it as a type of scam.

exacerbate (v): nói quá

for the sake of sb (idiom): vì lợi ích của ai

scam (n): lừa đảo

Does advertising encourage us to buy things we do not need?

Yes, I think advertisements do create fake demands for the promoted items and services. For
example, an iPhone user may feel fully satisfied with his smartphone, until a new version of the item
is released, with adverts focusing on its new abilities, compared to the old one. The iPhone user then

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gets persuaded that his current machine is outdated and thus, pays big bucks to replace it without
realizing that he hardly ever uses the new functions.

pays big bucks on sth (idiom): tiêu nhiều tiền vào cái gì

What are the benefits of advertising?

Advertising has several benefits for businesses. Firstly, advertising helps increase brand
awareness and recognition, which can lead to increased sales and customer loyalty.
Secondly, advertising can provide valuable information to consumers about products and
services, allowing them to make more informed purchasing decisions. Thirdly, advertising
can help businesses differentiate themselves from their competitors and establish a unique
identity in the market. Lastly, advertising can help businesses reach new customers and
expand their customer base. By creating a positive image and spreading awareness about
their products and services, advertising can play a crucial role in the growth and success of a
business.

What role does social media play in advertising?

it can be said that social media plays a significant role in advertising. Social media platforms
have large user bases and provide businesses with a cost-effective way to reach a wide
audience. By creating and sharing content on social media, businesses can engage with
customers and build a strong online presence. Additionally, social media provides businesses
with the ability to target specific demographics and interests, allowing for highly targeted
advertising campaigns. Through social media, businesses can also receive immediate
feedback and respond to customer concerns and complaints in real-time.

TOPIC 27. DESCRIBE SOMETHING YOU WANT TO LEARN IN THE FUTURE.

SAMPLE 1

Well, the first thing I can think of is how to do gardening organically. This idea comes
from my inspiration from my father, who knows all ins and outs (biết mọi thứ) of agriculture.
After his working hours, he spends much of his free time taking care of the gardens full of
different kinds of vegetables ranging from cauliflower, cabbage, carrots, water spinach, you
name it.

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Besides this, in the backyard of our house, he has grown many fruit trees like guava,
mango, orange etc. I’d say, I was really inspired by him.
Also, he always does organic farming and avoids the usage of pesticides.
He kept telling me that these days a lot of pesticides and chemicals are being used in
farming, which was detrimental to (có hại cho) our health and environment. Therefore, I am
really eager to learn how to plant everything organically like him.
I want to learn how to use some kinds of organic fertilizers and organic spray (xịt hữu
cơ) to prevent a plant from ailments (bệnh) because organic farming is not harmful to soil
and the environment, or the way to choose the healthy seeds and young trees, how to grow
vegetables in raised beds (luống vun, how to clear the weeds (làm cỏ), how to make the soil
richer by adding garden compost (chất thải vườn), well-rotted manure (phân ủ mục) or
leafmold (lá ải).
This is of great importance to me to learn how to plant organically, which will help me
not only save money but also self-supply a safe source of fruits and vegetables.

SAMPLE 2

So, I will take this chance to tell you about making handmade and recycled items
from disused things, which I think would be very interesting and useful to learn about. I
first came to know about this when I first visited my neighbor, Ms. Ly’s house 4 years ago.
Ms. Ly is such a creative person who always comes up with interesting ideas. In
fact, she always makes something out of trash (làm ra đồ từ rác), things that we throw
away (ném đi). She says that what she is doing is to protect the environment.
Whenever I come to her house, she always has a project in her hands. All the things
that she made, from the tote bags out of old clothes, the flower vases from the oil cans, or
the like, looked so spectacular (tuyệt vời).
She also runs a project named “change your waste for plants” in which people
change their categorized trash (rác đã phân loại) such as bottles, paper, old clothes or
even batteries for a small pot of plant. This project aims at raising people’s awareness
about (nâng cao nhận thức con người về) protecting the environment, which is so
meaningful.

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I really love to learn how to make such cute things from discarded items like paper,
cooking coil cans, boxes, and old clothes. It not only helps beautify our houses but also
helps save our environment.

PART 3. MAKING DECISIONS, LEARNING THINGS

At what age can children make decisions on their own?

Well, I’m not sure if you can tell, but I’m not a child psychologist or an educator. So, I have to admit
that this question is beyond my knowledge. But I have a niece, who is just 2 and a half years old, and
she can clearly show what she likes and what doesn’t interest her. And she flatly refuses it if someone
forces her to do things she hates. That’s decision-making, right?

Do you prefer advice from your family or your friends?

To me, both are equally important. You know, my parents, of course, have more life experience than
me, and so what they suggest is always reasonable to some extent. But my friends, mostly my age,
tend to share similar ways of thinking with me, and many times, I find their advice sounder (hợp lí)
and more useful.

Who do young people turn to for advice?

It could be their parents, their friends, a professional, and sometimes netizens they’ve never met. As
for me, I always take it into account before consulting anyone. I mean I always question who best
understands the issue I’m having. For example, my teachers surely have better learning tips than my
parents do. And if I have a health issue, I’ll surely go for a doctor, rather than a friend at my age.

What is the most popular thing to learn nowadays?

I think the answers might vary from person to person. From my observation, there are some things
many people learn nowadays namely foreign languages, their academic subjects, courses about
communication skills or IT, management skills, playing instruments, and make-up courses, to name
but a few.

At what age should children make their own decision?

As children get older they will become more involved in decisions about their future.

The age when a child is supposed to make decisions may vary, depending on what kind of decision
they are going to make and their ability to make decisions. To clarify, a child can make his or her own

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decision about the color of the coat his or her parents are going to buy for them at the age of 4. But
when it comes to the more important problems such as school to choose or major to specialize, the
right age might be 14 or 15, of course, with the consultation of their parents or teachers.

Which influences young people more when choosing a course, income, or interest?

Every year, graduating high school students are destined to decide the course they are going to
pursue. Students have to make this choice, as they have to decide what they want to do in the future.
As the course they have decided dictates their future career, the decision would put pressure on the
students. I think that the students are leaning more towards taking a course due to passion and it was
the most prominent factor to be considered in their decision, as they choose to do what they whole-
heartedly enjoy doing, having a strong feeling of excitement or enthusiasm for their selected course.
Of course, many young people choose a course for the financial prospect, but I think the number of
young people who choose a course due to their passion outnumbers them.

Do young people take their parents’ advice when choosing a major?

It depends on each person. They’re still in charge of their own decisions, but they should
never entirely ignore parental advice on such things. It may be that some of their views are outdated
in many regards. It may also be that parents will be so worried about failure that they’ll give their
children the most conservative of advice: safe career, high employability, high salary. Young people
might think they don’t care about money and the risk is still worth taking. But the least they should do
is at least take time to make sure they understand the pros and cons of what parents are suggesting.
Parents are men of experience, yk.

Besides parents, who else would people take advice from?

Normally, besides our parents, we can also turn to our teachers, relatives, and friends for advice.
Moreover, when it comes to problems that need special consultation, we can also ask for specialists
for help such as doctors, engineers, tailors, and so on. For some problems that need answers from
those who have experienced a service, for example, you can lean on the answer on a forum or a fan
page.

Why do some people prefer to study alone?

I think some people like to study alone because they need a quiet environment to concentrate on their
studying. If you study by yourself, you can create your own study plan and organize yourself, without

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having to waste time in making sure that everybody agrees with the plan, or time chatting with each
other.

TOPIC 28. DESCRIBE A TIME WHEN SOMEONE GAVE YOU SOMETHING THAT YOU
REALLY WANTED.

I’d love to take this chance to tell you about the time when I received a brand new
Macbook Pro of the latest version from my parents. It’s actually an award they had
promised me for winning an academic contest, and I nailed it. You may tell, I was over the
moon when I got it. It has a state-of-the-art design (thiết kế hiện đại) with shiny cover
made of aluminum alloy (nhôm hợp kim). The machine is only half an inch thick and it’s
only a kilogram in weight, compared to my bulky and heavy old laptop. And the logo of a
bitten apple is a perfect addition to the design.

Actually, my parents knew that I had been longing for (khao khát) a new laptop and had
been saving the whole year for it, but hadn’t saved enough for it yet. The one they gave me
was from a famous technology brand with exceptional functions (chức năng vượt
chội), which would allow me to study more effectively.

I really appreciated her gift as it was not only about the money but also the fact that she
really put herself in my shoes (hiểu) and cared about me.

SAMPLE 2

Well, I will take this chance to talk about a household appliance (thiết bị trong gia
đình) - a cleaning robot that my close close friend, Linh gave me on my birthday 2 years ago.
So, to talk about the reason why Linh decided to give it to me, once I complained to
Linh about how tired I was when having to clean my house with 2 floors on a daily basis
being up to my ears in study and other social activities. I think that she felt sympathetic to me
(thấy đồng cảm) and wanted to give me a hand (giúp đỡ tôi) so she bought it and gave it to
me.
Well, the moment I unboxed the gift, I was over the moon. The cleaning robot might
cost her a lot of money, and more than that, she really put herself into my shoes (hiểu, thông

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cảm). I have used this cleaning robot for 2 years now and I must say that I’m too reliant on it
now.
In fact, I could say that it is the most hard-working member in my family, and also the
cleanest. It helps me deal with a back-breaking chore (việc vặt mệt mỏi) so I can have more
quality time for my family or my study. I owe my friend thousands of thanks for this.
So, this is the time when I received a gift from my close friend, and I really appreciated
it.
Should employees have their own goals?
Well, definitely yes. You know, a goal is a source of motivation, which helps people keep
trying to overcome obstacles and get their tasks finished. And employees who can make
significant contributions to their organization make themselves more worthwhile, which
means they can deserve a raise, or a promotion.
explicit (adj): rõ ràng
How should bosses reward employees?
Well, I’m thinking of money, which is, you know, the ultimate purpose of working people.
But of course, money is not the only kind of reward. Employers can also offer their employees
free-of-charge trips to a tourist attraction, or a promotion, as a way to thank them for what
they have contributed to the organization.
What kinds of gifts do young people like to receive as rewards?
It could be tangible rewards such as a raise in their pay, a smartphone, a motorcycle, or a car,
and more. It could also be something intangible, like a public praise, a recognition trophy, an
extra day off, and you name it. To be honest, I’d prefer the first group. [smile]
How should children spend their allowance money?
They should spend on books, I can say. Obviously, the more they read, the more knowledge
they gain, and a greater vocabulary range they have. Of course, treating their friends to some
cups of coffee and sometimes giving other some gifts is also a good option, to build up
relationships and win people’s hearts.
Why do people like shopping more now than in the past?
On underlying reason is that they have better living standards, which means they have more
disposable income to spend, and they are more willing to open their hefty wallets for
expensive items. A hectic pace of life, which entails stress, is another explanation. As people

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are under heavy pressure, shopping is an effective way to let off steam and recharge their
batteries.
Do you think shopping is good for a country's economy?
I’m not an economist, as you can tell. But I can say consumerism has become the backbone
of many economies. As people go shopping, and spend, they create a great source of
motivation for the economy and push it forward. Say, as people demand more goods,
manufacturers and transporters have more contracts to carry out, and employees have more
work to do, which translates to their bigger pay checks. And as people earn more, the cycle
begins anew.
consumerism (n): chủ nghĩa tiêu dùng
backbone (n): xương sống

PHẦN PART 3 – CÁC CÂU HỎI CHÍNH THỨC THÍ SINH BÁO VỀ SAU

26. Describe an occasion when you spent time with a child

Do you think children should have a lot of toys?
Yes, absolutely. Toys can unleash children’s imagination, foster their creativity, and
encourage role-playing. Having a variety of toys also helps keep children away from excessive
digital entertainment, promoting active play and social interaction, which are crucial for their
development.

or
No, I don't think so. When children are given an abundance of toys, they tend to take them for
granted and may not fully appreciate or value them. In contrast, having fewer toys encourages
resourcefulness, stimulates children’s imagination, and fosters their creativity. For example, a
child may find ways to turn his old toy into a new one by combining it with another or
figuring out a new way to play with the toy, instead of throwing it away.
take sth for granted (idiom): không coi trọng cái gì
resourcefulness (n): sự tháo vát
Where do children usually play?
Children can play in various settings depending on their age and environment. They may play
in parks, playgrounds, and backyards, enjoying activities like swinging, sliding, and running
around. Indoors, they might engage in board games like chess or monopoly, building with
blocks or playing with dolls. Schoolyards, community centers, and recreational facilities also
provide spaces for children to play and interact with others.
Do you think children should follow all the rules?
Yes, I believe children should follow all the rules. Rules are set for good purposes, such as
ensuring safety, promoting discipline, and establishing a structured environment. By following
rules, children learn respect for authority, develop self-control, and understand the importance
of boundaries that they should not go beyond.

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boundary (n): ranh giới

or
No, I don't think children should be expected to follow all the rules. While rules serve certain
purposes, too many restrictions can stifle their imagination and the ability to think out of the
box. Instead, I think it's important to foster children creativity and independent thinking, and
to allow them to explore and learn from their experiences, and even their mistakes.
stifle their imagination (v): bóp nghẹt khả năng tưởng tượng
think out of the box (idiom): suy nghĩ sáng tạo, ngoài khuôn khổ

Do you think it is good for parents to help their children choose friends?
Yes, I can’t agree more with that. Parents can guide their children in understanding the
qualities of healthy friendships, encouraging them to seek positive influences. Also, by
offering guidance and open communication, parents can help their children develop social
skills, and foster connections with friends who support their growth and well-being.

27. Describe a person you know who likes to help others / often helps others
How can children help their parents at home?
The ways in which children can help their parents at home depend on their age. Younger
children can assist with simple tasks like tidying up their toys or setting the table. Older
children can take on more responsibilities and complex tasks such as doing household chores,
helping with meal preparation, or taking care of younger siblings. By contributing to
household tasks, children develop a sense of responsibility and teamwork while lightening the
load for their parents.
Should students do community service? Why?
Yes, students should do community service. It provides invaluable lessons and experiences
that benefit both the students and the community. Engaging in community service allows
students to develop important life skills, such as teamwork, leadership, and problem-solving.
It also fosters a sense of empathy and social responsibility. Also, by actively contributing to
society, students can make a positive impact while also enhancing their own personal growth.
So it's like a stone that kills two birds, benefiting both the students and the community at
large.
at large (idiom) = generally (adv): nói chung
Do students in your country do volunteer work?
Well, it depends. Some students actively participate in community service, joining
organizations or volunteering their time for various good causes. However, not all students
may be involved in volunteer work due to different other factors. For example, a student from
an underprivileged family may have to spend all of his spare time on his part-time jobs to
cover his tuition fee and share the financial burden on his parents, and so he may choose not
do to volunteer work.
good causes (n): việc tốt
Why do some people do volunteer work all over the world?
Some people choose to do unpaid work in other countries because they have a genuine desire
to make a better world for everyone. It allows them to contribute their skills, time, and

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resources to meaningful causes, whether it's supporting the underprivileged, promoting

education, or solving environmental issues. And, as I have already mentioned, volunteer work
also offers an opportunity for personal growth, and a deeper understanding of others’
challenges, fostering a sense of empathy.
genuine (adj): thực sự

Do people in your country like helping others?

Why do some people not like to help others?
What are some examples of jobs where people help others a lot?
What personal qualities do these “helpers” need to have, compared to other people?

28. Describe an invention that you think is useful to people / an invention that is useful people’s
lives / Describe an invention that you think is useful your life
What qualities do inventors have?
Well, to become an inventor, one needs curiosity, critical thinking, and a thirst for knowledge.
Scientists are also observant, persistent, and open-minded people. And more importantly, they
need strong analytical skills, and the ability to think out of the box. And I can say that I’m not
among them, unfortunately.
Do you think only scientists can invent new things?
No, I don’t think so. Instead, I believe anyone who has the desire to solve particular problems
and perseverance can invent new tools, machines or methods. While scientists possess
specialized knowledge, innovation can come from various fields and backgrounds. Creative
thinkers, entrepreneurs, and individuals with diverse perspectives often contribute valuable
inventions. The key is a combination of curiosity, determination, and an open mind to explore
new possibilities.
perseverance (n): sự kiên trì
What inventions do you think should be improved?
There are several inventions that could benefit from enhancements. For example,
transportation systems could be made more sustainable and efficient, with advancements in
electric vehicles and infrastructure. Healthcare technologies could be made better to provide
more accessible and accurate diagnoses, as well as cheaper treatments. And renewable energy
solutions could be further developed to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, to ensure a brighter
future for human race.
Are there any other inventions that make the world better?
Well, besides the Internet as I have mentioned, there are numerous inventions that have
facilitated people’s life and work. For instance, medical advancements such as vaccines,
antibiotics, and medical devices have significantly improved healthcare and increase humans’
longevity. Renewable energy technologies have helped address climate change and reduce
pollution. And I would like to mention printing techniques that have significantly improved
the spread of knowledge and information to everyone.
longevity (n): tuổi thọ trung bình
Do all inventions bring benefits to our world?
No, I can say for sure that not all inventions are made for good purposes. For instance, nuclear
weapons, despite their technological advancements, pose a significant threat to the existence

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of human being. Another example is tobacco products, which have been killing millions each
year.
Who should support and sponsor inventors, governments, or private companies?
I think it depends. If an invention is meant for public interest, governments play a crucial role
in providing funding and other types of support for inventors, to help realize it and make it
accessible for the masses. Private companies, on the other hand, can offer financial backing
for inventions that are expected to offer them fat/handsome profits.
the masses (n): phần đông dân chúng
fat/handsome profit (n): lợi nhuận béo bở

Can you name any other inventions that have made a big impact on human society?
What do you think makes an invention “useful”?
What new invention(s) would you like to be available in the future?

29. Describe your favourite clothes / Describe a piece of clothing you enjoy wearing
What is the difference between the dressing style of young people and that of old people?
The fashion styles of young people and old people are like apples and oranges, I can say. Say,
younger individuals often gravitate towards more contemporary and trendy fashion styles,
embracing experimentation, self-expression and sometimes uniqueness. Older people, on the
other hand, may stick to more classic and timeless fashion choices, prioritizing comfort and
sophistication.
gravitate towards sth (v): hướng về, bị hút về cái gì
Do the people living in the sound of your country wear different clothes from the people
living in the north?
Yes, residents in the south and the north do wear different clothes, primarily due to the
difference in weather. For instance, in southern cities like Ho Chi Minh City, where the
climate is warmer, people hardly go shopping for sweaters and coats. Instead, they opt for
lightweight and breathable clothing, which is suitable for the tropical climate. In contrast, in
the northern regions with cooler temperatures, people tend to dress in layers on freezing cold
days of winter.
breathable (adj): thoáng khí (vải)
Do you think students like to wear uniforms?
Some do and some do not, I can say. It depends on their personal preferences and personality.
Uniforms can promote a sense of equality and unity, which some students appreciate.
Meanwhile, others may feel restricted since they can’t dress in the way they wish, as a way to
express themselves. And some may find uniforms uncomfortable. Personally, I enjoy uniforms
as I don’t have to answer the silly but hard-to-answer question “what should I wear today?”.
When do people wear formal clothes?
I can list out various occasions where people dress formally. Those include business
meetings, job interviews, weddings, formal parties, and ceremonies. Formal attire typically
consists of suits, dresses, dress shirts, ties, and leather shoes. The purpose is to convey a
respect to others in the event and to create a polite and polished image of the wearers.
formal attire (n): trang phục trang trọng
a polite and polished image (n): một hình ảnh bóng bẩy và lịch thiệp

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30. Describe a popular person in your country / Describe a famous person you are interested in
What kinds of famous people are there in your country?
Well, people can be well-known in various ways. We have renowned actors and actresses who
have made a name for themselves in the film industry. There are also popular musicians and
singers who win national and international contests. And, we have successful entrepreneurs
with coveted fortune. And we have real-life heroes who save others’ lives in critical
situations.
make a name for oneself = become famous
coveted (adj): đáng thèm khát
fortune (n): tài sản
What are the differences between famous people today and those in the past?
What a tough question. If there is a difference between the two, I would say that today’s
famous people today face greater scrutiny from paparazzi, news reporters and curious fans,
due to the prevalence of social media. For example, whatever a famous singer does, whoever
she meets and wherever she goes on a day may be recorded. And to compare, celebrities in the
past had more privacy and control over their image.
face scrutiny (v): chịu giám sát
paparazzi (n): thợ săn ảnh
Do you think famous people are necessarily good in their fields?
I think this could be true in the past, but it's no longer the case today. With the rise of social
media and the democratization of information, fame doesn't necessarily equate to expertise or
skill. In fact, recently there have been some self-claimed singers emerging on social platforms,
and they are known nationwide for their terrible performances, rather than beautiful voices.
equate to sth (v): tương ứng với cái gì
Do you think media is putting too much attention on famous people?
Yes, I do think so. You know, recently, there has been an excessive social focus on an actress'
love story with a successful entrepreneur, with a lively debate between supporters and
opponents, though their story has nothing to do with the benefits of the online community in
general. And I sometimes wonder why people waste so much of their time on such a
meaningless activity.
has nothing to do with sth (expression): chẳng liên quan gì đến

31. Describe a speech/talk you gave to group of people

What benefits does the internet bring to communication?
You know, it’s obvious that the internet has revolutionized communication in unprecedented
ways. It enables instant connection, allowing people from all corners of the world to connect
and exchange information with ease. And it enables real-time communication through emails,
messaging apps, and video calls. Also, it has paved the way for online learning and tele-
working, which, in the previous century, only existed in science fiction.
unprecedented (adj): chưa từng có
Which one is better, being a communicator or a listener?

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What an intriguing question. But I think it depends on the situation and context. Being a
skilled speaker allows you to convey your thoughts effectively, while being a good listener,
you can express your understanding and empathy. Both skills are valuable and complement
each other. The key is to choose the appropriate role based on the needs of the conversation.
For example, when someone is going through a difficult time, it seems that you’d better lend
him or her sympathetic ear first.
complement each other (v): bổ trợ lẫn nhau
What qualities does a person need to have to be a good communicator?
To be an excellent communicator, it requires several qualities, I can say. Firstly, they need to
have effective listening skills to understand the interlocutor’s perspectives. Secondly, clarity
in expressing thoughts and ideas is crucial, and it requires a good command of language. Of
course, it’s not an inborn talent, but takes years of practice.
interlocutor (n): người đối thoại (trong 1 cuộc trò chuyện)
a good command of language (n): khả năng vận dụng từ ngữ tốt
What qualities do people need to speak in public?
To speak effectively in public, it’s highly demanding with various traits needed. But
confidence is the most crucial, I suppose. Say, a moving and captivating speech should be
able to make audience feel the positive energy exuded from the speaker. That energy can be
felt with the speaker’s voice, tonation and gestures. And to achieve that, it takes careful
preparation and lots of practice.
moving (adj): cảm động
captivating (adj): lôi cuốn
exude (v): toát ra
What kinds of people often give speeches?
From my observation, there are 3 major groups of speakers. One is politicians, who frequently
deliver speeches to call for public support for their policies. Another one is inspirational
speakers, whose job is to motivate and uplift audiences with their powerful messages. And
there are industry experts, who share their knowledge and insights through speeches at
conferences and seminars.
inspirational speaker (n): diễn giả truyền cảm hứng
uplift sb (v): nâng tinh thần của ai
industry expert (n): chuyên gia của một ngành nào đó
How important is it to be a good listener when communicating?
....

32. Describe a game (not a sport) you enjoyed playing in your childhood
Follow-up questions:
Did other children also like that game?
Do you still play that game now?
Part 3:
What games do kids like to play now?
Today’s kids have a vast number of choices for games to play in their leisure time. One option
is video games, which are widely diverse in themes, contents and graphical designs, but also
have their potential harms if overused. Outdoor activities like hide-and-seek, or football are

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more beneficial, I suppose. And there are board games like chess, Monopoly or Uno, which
offer opportunities for social interaction and strategic thinking.
Are outdoor games important for kids?
As I have already mentioned, outdoor games hold significant importance for kids. To be more
specific, they offer numerous benefits such as physical exercise, social interaction, and the
opportunity to connect with nature. Outdoor games promote children’s healthy development
and helps combat sedentary lifestyles. Also, many outdoor games, like football, boost
children’s teamwork ability, which is necessary for the future life and work.
Is winning important in games?
It depends on the context and the players’ perspectives. Winning can be important in
competitive games, where the objective is to outperform others. However, in many other
cases, winning is not a goal at all. Instead, social interaction among the players and their
experiences during the playing process matter more than the outcome.
Which is better, individual games or team-based games?
It’s hard to say, ‘coz each type of games has its own benefits to offer players. Individual
games provide opportunities for personal growth, self-reliance, and independent decision-
making. Meanwhile, team-based games foster collaboration, communication, and
coordination. But personally I prefer games that are played in teams, ‘coz I find it more
interesting to share the games with others.
Do children and adults like playing together?
Are boys and girls interested in the same games or play activities?
After they grow up (or, as they grow older), why do you think boys and girls tend to be
interested in different activities?
Do you think it's important for schools to have areas for outdoor play (i.e.,
playgrounds)? What are the benefits of playing for children?
What's your opinion about the entertainment choices that children today have?

33. Describe a city or a foreign country you would like to live and work in ????????????
Follow-up questions:
Do you think you (really) will go there (again)?
Do you think you will (be able to) stay there?
Part 3:
What would you say are the features of an ideal place to live?
What factors influence people’s choice of what city to live in?
In your country, which do people value more, a good job or good living environment?
How do you think children are affected when the family moves abroad?
What do you think are the challenges of living in a foreign country”?

34. Describe a person you just moved into your community / Describe a person you know who
has recently moved to a new place
Why do some young people keep moving?
Well, they move to a new place of residence or switch to a new job or a new company for
various reasons. It could be for new experiences, new career opportunities, or new educational
pursuits. For example, some young people may move to a different city to attend a prestigious

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university or to challenge themselves in a specific industry. Others may relocate to pursue a

dream job or to live in a vibrant economic hub that aligns with their interests and aspirations.
prestigious (adj): danh tiếng
industry (n): ngành nghề
vibrant (adj): sôi động
economic hub (n): trung tâm kinh tế
aligns with sth (v): phù hợp với cái gì
aspiration (n): nguyện vọng
What's the difference between living alone and living with roommates?
They're totally different experiences, I can say. Living alone offers independence and a lot
more privacy. In contrast, living with roommates involves shared responsibilities and
interaction. For example, a simple question like “who should be cooking today” or “who
should be wiping the floor” can become a source of conflict if it is not effectively solved and
when there’s no mutual understanding between two roommates.
Is it beneficial for young people to live by themselves?
Yes, it can be beneficial for young people to live on their own. Living alone allows for
personal growth and independence, as well as the development of essential life skills. For
example, a college student living alone may have to learn how to manage her budget
effectively so as not to get into financial troubles, and handle household chores independently.
Also, she may have to learn how to cook and how to cure ailments.
ailment (n): bệnh thông thường
Besides cooking, are there any other skills that people need to learn if they live on their
own?
Yes, and in fact there is a long list of skills to be learn to live independently. These include
personal financial management (as I have mentioned before) and maybe basic repairs, and
problem-solving, especially when resources are limited, and there are more. A simple example
is to know who to call when the internet is broken, or where and when to pay monthly bills.
What kinds of people tend to live by themselves?
How can parents and teachers help young people to live independently?

How can people have good relations with their neighbors?

What do you think are the advantages of having good relationships with neighbors?
What do you think is the best way to communicate with neighbors?

35. Describe an enjoyable event from the past that you remember well / Describe a happy
experience in your childhood
Follow-up questions:
Do you often do that?
Did your parents or friends also enjoy this event?
Part 3:
Why do you think some people have a better memory than others?
People’s differences in memory capacity can be attributed to various factors. Genetics may
play a role, as some people may inherit better memory-related traits. Also, lifestyle factors,

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such as regular exercise and quality sleep can influence memory abilities. Obviously, a person
who gets enough sleep can surely memorize information better than one suffering from sleep
disorders and sleep deprivation.
attribute sth to sth (v): đổ lỗi cái gì cho cái gì / giải thích cái gì bằng cái gì
inherit (v): thừa hưởng
mnemonic technique (n): kỹ thuật ghi nhớ
sleep disorder (n): rối loạn giấc ngủ
sleep deprivation (n): thiếu ngủ
What kinds of things do people need to remember nowadays?
It’s hard to generalize them all, ‘coz there are too many. But let me name some of them. Those
include important dates and appointments, passwords for various accounts, important tasks to
be done and deadlines to be met, addresses, directions, and more. And that’s why today’s
people tend to rely on digital technology to make sure nothing important is forgotten.
What do you think we shouldn't forget?
Well, what a good question. But I’m thinking of important values like kindness, empathy, and
compassion towards others. And of course, we shouldn't forget to prioritize self-care and our
own well-being. And, we should remember to cherish relationships, including our family
members and friends, who make our life meaningful.
compassion (n): lòng trắc ẩn, thương người
Why do some people remember more of their childhood than others?
Well, I have to say this topic involves so many tough questions, at least for me. Let me guess.
It could be that some experience much more memorable events or have a greater emotional
connection to their childhood, which enhances memory retention. For example, those who had
a particularly difficult or joyful childhood experiences may have stronger recollections than
those having a peaceful but not-so-special childhood.
retention (n): giữ lại, duy trì
recollection (n): kỷ niệm
What can people do to improve their memory?
What is your earliest memory that you can still remember now?
Are the things (or events) that make people happy today the same as several decades
ago?
Why do people feel happy when they are with members of their family?
What are some (other) examples of family activities that make people feel happy?
Do you think there is any relation between a person’s age and their happiness?
(Why/Why not?)
Do you think people were happier in the past than they are now?

36. Describe an occasion when you got lost

Why do some people get lost more easily?
People’s likelihood to get lost vary due to several factors, I suppose. First, some have better
spatial awareness, sense of direction, and visual memory than others do. These factors
determine a person’s navigational ability. For example, a taxi driver is less likely to get lost
‘coz he tends to draw a virtual map in his mind. Second, one may get lost when he or she
doesn’t pay attention to the surrounding landmarks.

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spatial awareness (n): nhận thức về không gian

sense of direction (n): cảm giác về phương hướng
visual memory (n): khả năng ghi nhớ hình ảnh
navigational ability (n): khả năng định hướng
Do you think it is important to be able to read a map?
Yes, it is. Maps provide valuable spatial information, and enhance navigation skills.
Conventional paper maps can be crucial when digital devices fail, ensuring that we can still
find directions effectively.

or
No, I think, in today's era of technology, it’s no longer necessary to be able to read a map. Say,
with GPS systems, and navigation apps, like the Google Maps that people are familiar with,
we can easily find directions with a touch on the screen.
Do you think it is important to do some preparation before you travel to new places?
Yes, of course. Preparation is never a waste. For example, by reading through previous
visitors' reviews about accommodations, attractions, or restaurants, we can make informed
decisions and avoid potential disappointments. Also, by planning the trip in detail, we can
maximize our time and make sure we don’t miss the must-see sights, and interesting
activities. And we can even save money by booking tickets or accommodations in advance.
How can people find their way when they are lost?
...

37. Describe a book you’ve read many times

What kinds of books do children like to read? Why?
When it comes to books, kids’ preferences vary, I can say, but many enjoy books that spark
their imagination and stir up their curiosity. They are often drawn to books with captivating
stories, and colorful illustrations. And Harry Porter is a perfect example for this. The book
series takes young readers on a magical journey, filled with adventure, friendship, and a richly
imagined world. And that explains for the resounding success of the series.
spark imagination (v): kích thích trí tưởng tượng
stir up curiosity (v): khuấy động trí tò mò
be drawn to sth (v): bị thu hút bởi cái gì
captivating (adj): hấp dẫn, lôi cuốn
a richly imagined world (n): một thế giới tưởng tượng phong phú
resounding success (n): thành công vang dội

What can kids learn from books?

Kids can learn a wide range of lessons from books. Reading exposes them to different
perspectives, cultures, and experiences. And so the more they read, the more they can broaden
their horizons. Books also teach important moral values, such as kindness, honesty, respect
and perseverance. And, books ignite imagination and creativity, which is critical in today’s
world.
broaden one’s horizons (idiom): mở rộng vốn hiểu biết
perseverance (n): ý chí kiên định
ignite imagination (v): kích thích trí tưởng tượng

Do people prefer to read e-books or printed books in your country?

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It depends. Some people prefer the convenience and portability of e-books, especially for
reading on-the-go or the ability to access information instantly. However, many still
appreciate the tactile experience and a sense of nostalgia associated with printed books. And
personally, I prefer the feel of flipping pages and the special smell of paper books.
portability (n): tính cơ động (dễ mang theo)
on-the-go (adv): trong lúc di chuyển
tactile experience (n): cảm giác khi sờ vào cái gì
a sense of nostalgia (n): cảm giác hoài niệm
Do you think people need to develop the habit of reading? Why?
Yes, definitely. As a saying goes: "A reader lives a thousand lives before he dies," reading is
essential because it opens up a world of knowledge, imagination, and personal growth. And it
promotes the so-called lifelong learning. And so, the more an individual reads, the more he
exposes himself to new ideas, perspectives, and experiences.
Do you think reading books can make people happier?
Do you think e-books will make people read more? Why?

38. Describe a car journey you had

What benefits does public transport bring to the world?
Well, I can say that mass transit plays an increasingly important role in the modern world. It
helps reduce traffic congestion, leading to improved air quality and less environmental
pollution. To compare, a bus can carry a 30 passengers, which is equal to 30 motorbikes and
10 cars, while it occupies significantly less road space, and emits significantly less carbon
dioxide.
Is it too late for people to get a driver license at the age of 18?
No, I don't think so. In contrast, I believe driving a car at a younger age poses more threats.
Starting at 18 allows individuals to have a better understanding of responsibility, maturity, and
judgment, which are crucial for safe driving, for not only the drivers themselves but also for
other road users.
poses + threat (v): gây ra mối đe dọa
What qualities does a driver need to have?
I believe a driver should have good situational awareness, which means he should be
attentive to the surroundings and potential dangers. He should also have a sense of
responsibility and always prioritize safety. And if he drives a taxi, effective communication
can allow him to provide better services to his passengers
situational awareness (n): khả năng nhận định tình huống
be attentive to sth (adj): để ý tới cái gì
Do you think the government should make it a rule for people to use public transport?
No, I don't think so. Though I admit that promoting the use of public transport has its benefits,
making it mandatory for everyone may not be feasible and suitable. For example, it’s
impossible for a huge bus to navigate through narrow and deep alleys that are popular in
Vietnamese cities. Instead, governments should focus on making public transport more
convenient, affordable, and environmentally friendly to encourage people to choose them
more regularly.
mandatory (adj): bắt buộc
feasible (adj): khả thi

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39. Describe a shop that opened in your city

What kinds of shops are popular in your city? 
Why do young people enjoy going to some boutiques? 
Do you think location is the key factor that attracts customers? 
What is the difference between a small shop and a large shop?
The main difference between a small shop and a large shop lies in their size, and so their
offerings. A small shop is typically compact and limited in space, which translates to a
narrower range of products or services. A large shop is more spacious, and so it could offer a
broader selection of merchandise and maybe additional amenities to cater to diverse
customer needs.
offering (n): mặt hàng được cung cấp
merchandise (n): hàng hóa
additional amenities (n): tiện ích bổ sung
cater to (v): phục vụ
How important are price and quality in influencing consumer behaviour?
Why is cheap fashion so popular?
cheap fashion = affordable fashion = low-cost fashion = wallet-friendly fashion =
fast fashion (n): thời trang rẻ tiền, thời trang nhanh
40. Describe a place away from your home you want to visit in the future / Describe a place you
plan to travel to that is far away from your home
Where do people in your country like to travel to?
It depends. Some enjoy exploring bustling cities, especially ones with rich history, for both
cultural experiences and modern conveniences. Others seek serenity in coastal towns, where
there are sun-drenched beaches and where water activities abound. Meanwhile, picturesque
mountainous areas attract nature enthusiasts who seek scenic views.
bustling cities (n): các thành phố náo nhiệt
serenity (n): sự thảnh thơi
sun-drenched beach (n): bãi biển đầy nắng
abound (v): có rất nhiều
picturesque (adj): đẹp như tranh
scenic view (n): cảnh đẹp
Do people in your country like to have holidays?
Yes, most people do. Holidays are highly anticipated and cherished in my country. They
provide an opportunity to relax, spend time with loved ones, and explore new destinations.
However, for a few others, the demands of their jobs or financial difficulties may prevent them
from enjoying holidays. This can lead to disappointment and a sense of missing out on the
rejuvenating experiences that holidays offer.
highly anticipated (adj): rất được chờ đợi
a sense of missing out on sth (n): cảm giác thiếu đi, mất đi cái gì
rejuvenating experiences (n): những trải nghiệm giúp lấy lại năng lượng
What are the disadvantages of working overtime?
The overtime culture does come with its issues, I can say. Firstly, it can lead to chronic stress
and fatigue, negatively impacting working people’s physical and mental health. For instance,
long working hours may result in sleep deprivation, burnout, and anxiety or depression.

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Secondly, it can erode the work-life balance, leaving limited time for personal relationships,
hobbies, and self-care. Eventually, it leads to a decline in the overall quality of life.
the overtime culture (n): văn hóa làm thêm giờ
chronic (adj): kinh niên, thường xuyên
fatigue (n): sự mệt mỏi
sleep deprivation (n): thiếu ngủ
burnout (n): kiệt sức (do làm việc quá nhiều)
What kinds of activities do people like to do for the holidays?
During their holidays, people enjoy various activities. Many relish quality time spent with
their family and friends, whether it's sharing meals, exchanging gifts, or participating in
festive traditions. Some other popular activities include attending concerts or shows, and
playing outdoor sports. Some people also take the opportunity to travel and explore new
destinations. And the list goes on.
Why do some people prefer to stay at home during the holidays?
Some people prefer to stay at home during the holidays to enjoy a sense of tranquility and
avoid crowded places. They may choose to have a peaceful atmosphere within their own
homes, spending quality time with their loved ones. And, some travel enthusiasts opt to travel
during the off-peak tourist season to explore destinations with fewer crowds, ensuring a more
relaxed experience. And personally, I think it’s a wise choice for those who can have
flexibility in their timetables.
travel enthusiast (n): người mê du lịch
the off-peak tourist season (n): mùa du lịch thấp điểm

41. Describe an occasion when you got incorrect information

What kinds of professions are related to giving information to others?
Well, I’m thinking of journalists, whose job is to provide news and updates on current affairs.
And there are teachers, who educate and share knowledge with their students. We also have
tour guides to provide tourists with information about locations and historical events. And we
should mention customer service staff, who offer assistance to customers and answer their
inquiries.
current affairs (n): những sự kiện gần đây
inquiry (n): thắc mắc, câu hỏi
What is the difference between giving information by phone and by email?
The difference lies in the mode of communication, I can say. Phone conversations enable real-
time interaction, allowing for immediate exchange of information. Meanwhile, email offers a
written record and seem to be a more formal and structured means of communication.
How can people check whether a piece of information is correct or not?
To verify the accuracy of information, people can have different methods. Firstly, they can
fact-check by comparing information from multiple reliable sources, ensuring consistency and
accuracy. Secondly, they should exercise critical thinking and skepticism. Say, if a piece of
information is provided by an unknown or not-so-reputable source, it is suggested to take it
with a pinch of salt, rather than trusting it right from the beginning.
verify (v): xác nhận
skepticism (n): hoài nghi

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take it with a pinch of salt (idiom): đón nhận (1 thông tin) với sự hoài nghi
Do people trust the information online?
It depends on the reliability of the information sources. Say, an article is more believable if it’s
found on a reputable website like CNN, BBC, The Guardian, or VNExpress, compared to one
from an unknown source. Also, whether readers trust what they read depends on their ability
to critically evaluate the content. Some tend to believe in whatever they read or hear, while
others are more conscious and tend to take precautions to minimize the risk of
misinformation.

42. Describe an ideal house or apartment where you want to live

Where do people in your country like to live? In a house or an apartment?
I believe most Vietnamese people still prefer living in a house. In fct, the entrenched
preference for having a spacious and comfortable living area remains strong. However, due to
the rapid urbanization and limited land availability, many have no choice but to live in small
apartments, especially in densely-populated cities. The high cost of housing also makes
owning a house out of reach for many, making apartments a more affordable option.
entrenched (adj): ăn sâu bám rễ (niềm tin, quan điểm, sở thích)
densely-populated cities (n): những thành phố có mật độ dân cư cao
What are the benefits of living in a house?
Obviously, a house offers several benefits. It provides more space and privacy compared to
apartments. Some houses come with yards or gardens, which allow for outdoor activities and
personalization. Also, house-owners have the flexibility to modify their property in the way
they please, and enjoy a greater sense of control over their living environment.
Why do many people nowadays like to live in the city?
It’s safe to say that people gravitate towards cities due to the opportunities and advantages
they offer. Particularly, cities provide access to a wide job market, educational institutions,
and a wide range of public amenities, like hospitals, shopping malls and more. The urban
environment also features a vibrant lifestyle, making it an attractive choice for young people,
who tend to seek a dynamic and fulfilling life.
gravitate towards sth (v): bị hút vào cái gì
public amenities (n): tiện tích công cộng
vibrant (adj): sôi động
Where do people like to live? In the city center or the suburbs?
It depends on their age and personal preferences. Young professionals and individuals seeking
an active lifestyle often choose to live in the city center, close to job opportunities, and
entertainment venues. Meanwhile, older people may opt for the suburbs, which offer them
more space, tranquility, and a sense of community.
venue (n): địa điểm

43. Describe an adventure that you would like to take in the future
Who likes to read adventure books?
I think adventure books appeal to those who seek excitement, thrills, and exploration. For
example, if someone loves the feelings of awe and wonder when reading ‘20,000 Leagues

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Under the Sea,’ they may also find themselves captivated by the daring exploits depicted in
‘The Three Musketeers.’
thrill (n): cảm giác hồi hộp
exploit (n): hành động dũng cảm/liều lĩnh
Do people prefer adventure novels or adventure movies?
It depends on individual preferences, but it seems movies are winning the race. While
adventure novels offer room for imagination, movies provide stunning visual effects, and
captivating soundtracks that enhance watchers’ experience. That draw audience to the be
screen and explains why the film industry has become a lucrative and influential industry.
stunning visual effects (n): hiệu ứng hình ảnh hoành tráng
lucrative (adj): nhiều lợi nhuận
Why do people like to read adventure books rather than take an adventure?
I think it's because the two activities are totally different. Reading adventure books offers a
sense of excitement and exploration without risks. An adventure in the wild, meanwhile,
requires lots of preparation, physical endurance, braveness and the willingness to face
difficulties and dangers from the unknown. Personally, I would choose to read books.
Who doesn't like to take adventures?
Well, those people prefer things that are predictable and stable, I suppose. They tend to seek
comfort and familiarity over uncertainties. And actually I find myself in this group. Also, it
could be people with certain physical limitations, which prevent them from engaging in
physically demanding adventures.
What kind of personality should people have in order to experience a lot of adventure?
Will experiencing adventures broaden people' s horizons?

44. Describe an important decision that you once made

Do you think children sometimes have to make important decisions?
Yes, of course. While children may not face the same level of complexity as adults do,
children encounter choices that can significantly impact their lives. For example, a 10-year-old
may have to decide between joining a sports team or pursuing a different hobby, which can
shape their interests and even later professions. And a 14-year-old may face have to decide
which high school to attend so that it aligns with their academic ability and goals.
align with sth (v): phù hợp với
What important decisions do teenagers need to make after graduation? 
Who can children turn to for help when making a decision?
Children can turn to various sources for help when they have to make a choice. Very often,
their parents play a crucial role in guiding and supporting them. Teachers and mentors can
also provide valuable advice and insights. And their siblings and friends may offer different
perspectives.
Do you think advertisements can influence our decisions when shopping?
Do you think the influence of advertising is good?
How do people usually make important decision?

45. Describe a water sport you want to try in the future

Do you think it is necessary for everyone to learn to swim? 
Why should we develop water transport? 
What kinds of water sports are popular nowadays? 

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What is the difference between outdoor sports and indoor sports? 

46. Describe a traditional festival/celebration in your country

Is it important for children to learn traditional festivals at school? 
Are traditional festivals disappearing? 
Do children like to learn about traditional festivals?
It depends. Some children find traditional festivals fascinating as they provide a glimpse into
cultures and history, or it could be family-bonding and exciting activities. However, others
may find little interest in traditional festivals. Instead, they tend to spend their free time on
other hobbies or activities that align with their personal interests, such as sports, arts, or
technology.
family-bonding activity (n): hoạt động gắn kết gia đình
Why do people hold events to celebrate?
Is music important in traditional festivals?
Do you think good food and drinks are important for celebrations?

47. Describe a job you think is interesting / Describe an interesting job that you want to have in
the future
What are the most popular jobs for young people in your country?
Well, some newly-emerging but popular fields of work for the young today include
technology and software development, digital marketing, e-commerce, and graphic design.
These new industries offer opportunities for innovation and flexibility. Also, for decades,
sectors like healthcare, engineering, and finance have been attracting young professionals
because these jobs provide them with respect, stability, and financial security.
What is the difference between high-income and low-income jobs in your country?
I'm not sure if I understand the question correctly, but I think it's like asking 'why do some
jobs pay well and others pay less?' And to answer that, I would say high-income jobs often
require higher levels of education and specialized skills, in fields such as medicine, law, or
engineering. In contrast, low-income jobs may involve manual labor, entry-level positions, or
sectors with lower market demand.
entry-level position (n): vị trí của người mới vào nghề
When is the right time for young people to start making serious plans for their future
careers?
Well, what a tough question. And actually, I believe I'm not the only one struggling to find out
the answer. In fact, it depends on various factors, like personal interests, and educational
pathways. However, I think it’s beneficial for young people to start thinking seriously about
career options during their high school years or early college years. This ensures they have
enough time to acquire relevant skills and experience for their future career paths.
Which jobs have the highest salaries?
I think there is no specific answer to this question because a person’s income from a certain
job depends on different factors. Those include subjective ones like the workers’ levels of
expertise, soft skills and the value they can bring to their customers or employers. And there
are also objective factors like market demand and skill scarcity.
subjective (adj): chủ quan

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objective (adj): khách quan

Which jobs pay low wages but require a high level of skills?
Do you think it is important for secondary schools to offer career advice to students?

48. Describe a sports program you like to watch

Which sport do you think most people like to do? And why?
It's difficult to pinpoint a single sport that most people like to do as people’s preferences for
sports vary greatly. However, some popular sports include soccer, basketball, and swimming.
And you know, in different countries, people love different sports. For example, skiing is
highly popular in countries with snowy mountainous regions, such as Switzerland and Austria,
while martial arts like judo and karate are widely enjoyed in Japan and South Korea.
Do children need exercise? 
What are the benefits of exercise?
Regular exercise offers numerous benefits for both physical and mental well-being. It helps us
maintain a healthy weight, strengthens our muscles and improves our cardiovascular health.
When exercising, the body releases endorphins and other hormones that help reduce stress.
And obvious, it promotes better sleep and can lower the risk of chronic diseases such as
diabetes, and certain cancers.
chronic disease (n): bệnh mãn tính
What can be done to get children into sport?
To get children into sports, parents are encouraged to take their kids to local sports centers and
register them for sports courses. This provides them with an environment to learn how to play
various sports and practice skills on a regular basis. Additionally, if possible, parents can
actively play sports with their children, which fosters their love for physical activity through
fun and bonding experiences.
What sports programs do people like to watch in your country?
What's the difference between watching sports on TV and watching it live?

49. Describe a gift you will give someone when you save a lot of money
What do young people like to save money for?
Well, for various purposes, I can say. Some common reasons include savings for higher
education, future travels, buying a car, or even investing in their own businesses. Some other
prioritize saving for emergencies, like tough times of unemployment or sickness. Others may
save with the goal of purchasing a home. But, in a more negative aspect, some save money
just for luxury items like a high-end smartphone, or lavish bags.
lavish (adj): đắt tiền
Is it easy for people to save money to buy something expensive?
It depends on various factors. For some individuals, saving money to purchase something
expensive may be relatively easy if they have a stable income and disciplined saving practices.
Meanwhile, for others facing financial difficulties or struggling with managing their expenses,
it can be more challenging to accumulate enough savings for a high-priced item.
Should children have pocket money? Why?
Yes, of course. By giving children pocket money, parents can teach them financial
responsibility and help them learn about budgeting and managing their expenses. It allows
them to make independent decisions about how to spend their money and understand the value

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of saving. However, it's important to set limits and guide them in making wise choices
whenever they open their wallets.
Should children learn how to use money at school or from their parents?
I think the answer is “both”. Schools can provide structured courses about financial education.
Those course may cover topics like budgeting, saving, and basic financial literacy. Parents, on
the other hand, can teach their children practical skills to manage their spending. And I think
lessons from parents and those learned at school should complement each other.
complement each other (v): bổ trợ lẫn nhau
How do people save money?
Why can't some people save money?

50. Describe a place you have been to where there are a lot of people
Where do young people like to go?
It depends on personal preferences. Say, some like to hang out and catch up with their friends
at coffee shops. Others find shopping malls enticing, as there are a wide range of stores and
entertainment options. And, cinemas are also popular among young people who like to enjoy
blockbusters on a large screen with stunning audio-visual effects.
catch up with sb (v): trò chuyện cùng ai
enticing (adj): hấp dẫn, thú vị
blockbuster (n): phim bom tấn
stunning audio-visual effects (n): hiệu ứng hình ảnh âm thanh hoành tráng
Are people happy living in crowded apartments?
It depends. Say, most tall blocks of apartments are located in densely populated areas,
offering conveniences and access to public amenities. For some, the vibrant atmosphere and
proximity to city life can bring them a sense of please. However, others may find the lack of
privacy, limited space, and noise levels in crowded apartments to be less satisfying.
Personally, I prefer ...
densely populated areas (n): khu vực đông dân cư
public amenities (n): tiện ích xã hội
proximity to sth (n): sự gần với cái gì
What do you think of the phenomenon of people queuing in restaurants for more than
an hour?
Well, I think it could reflect the popularity and reputation of those establishments. It could be
driven by its unique cuisine and exceptional service, but it could also be social media hype.
However, personally, I will choose not to wait my time in a long line just for a meal, because
there are tons of other options available that offer great dining experiences without the lengthy
wait.
establishment (n): cơ sở
social media hype (n): sự cường điệu trên mạng xã hội
What are the advantages of living on a higher floor?
Well, obviously, an apartment on a high floor provides its owners or tenants better views of
the surrounding area. If it’s high enough, it could be panoramic view of the whole city, which
must be wonderful, I suppose. Also, higher floors often enjoy more privacy and reduced noise
from activities on the street.
panoramic view (n): toàn cảnh

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MỘT SỐ LƯU Ý TRẢ LỜI PHẦN PART 3

+ Like/ dislike:

- Be keen on / be fond of/ be stuck on / be hooked on / be interested in/ be into / be

big on…
- Be a big fan of st / a book worm/ an avid reader / a crazy fan of…
- Avid traveler / I have itchy feet
- I have a sweet tooth..
- A is my thing / A is up to my alley…(A là cái mà tôi thích)
- A is my cup of tea
- I have no interest in st…
- Detest..
+ Sở trường:

- Have a knack for.. / A is my forte’.

+ Important:

- Essential / vital / crucial / integral /neccessary

- Play an important /essential …part/ role in…
- A is of great importance…/ It is of great importance for sb to do st..

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+ prefer:A to B (doing A to doing B)

- Would rather do st.

- Given the 2 choices, I would like to gear towards..
- People / They tend to gear towards…
- I have a preference for A over B..
+ change:

- It changes a lot / It doesn’t seem to change a lot../ It’s changed dramatically…

- It seems to remain the same / stay unchanged..(compared to…A in the past..)
- It doesn’t change much..
- A has witnessed a slight change / dramatic change in..

+ Yes

- Of course, yes / Definitely yes / Absolutely yes / For sure / There is no doubt about
it..
I can’t agree with you more about that…

+ No

- Definitely no / To be honest,..I’m afraid I have to say that…

- I have no intention of doing st..
- To be completely honest with you…
- I don’t think it’s a good idea for…
- Không làm gì: vẽ ra future : in the future when I’m free / have money to burn …->
give st a try / have a crack at st…
+ It depends. When it comes to……But when it comes to…
Khai trien y:

- I mean, / To be more specific, In fact,../Actually,..

- What I am trying to say here / convey here is that…
- This is because / mainly because…

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+ People: they / human/ humankind / human beings, individuals/ the old / the young / the
rich/ the unemployed, citizens/ folks/ local people / residents, (reside in)

+ Children : offsprings (thế hệ con cháu) (hạn chế) – kids / rất : toddlers (chập chững)

+ Adult : mature people / the grown-ups

+ old people : the old / the elderly / seniors

+ Teenagers : teens / juvenile / adolescents ,( young people / youngsters = immature

people)

+Rich : wealthy / affluent / prosperous(country/ area)

+ famous : well-known / popular/ renowned for…

+ Ví dụ : for example / for instance / such as /like / ect / and so on / you name it..

A typical example of this is…

+ Relax : release stress, unwind, let my hair down/ let off some steam / chill out / have a
break / take it easy / put your feet up / calm down/ escape from the hustle and bustle of
city life for a while../ get a break from the constant strain of daily life…/ escape from the
concrete jungle of the city..

+ experience : out of this world / once in a lifetime experience for..

+ food : delicious / jummy / taste good / tasty / Just thinking about …makes my mouth
water…/ scrumptious

+ health : lead a passive (sedentary/ an active lifestyle ) / to get lean / stay in shape / to
keep fit / to strengthen our muscles / reduce wear and tear of our body.

+ tech : techie (good) / computer buff >< technophobe (novice about)

+ Advantages : benefit / pros and cons/ perk/ strong point / upside / merit/

+ disadvantages : drawbacks / downside/ weak point / demerit/

+ Affect : A has a positive/ negative influence / impact on B..

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A affects B in a positive/ negative way..

+ relation : định kiến :

- Cách 1: có
- Cách 2 : It’s kinda a stereotype (định kiến)
- Cách 3 : A has nothing to do with B. ( gender has nothing to do with the fact
that if a person is brave or not)
+ It depends ( old / young/ children / rich / poor / well-educated >< , city /
countryside / weather / mood / budget (money)..

+ City : urban area/ metropolis, mega-city / concrete jungle / big cities / medium-
sized city / in the surburb/ on the outskirts (ngoại ô) – city dwellers / residents

+ countryside : rural area

+ Cách trả lời cho lí do:

- Well, there are a couple of reasons behind it…/ for it..( this trend /
phenomenon / situation)
- Well, A is attributed to several reasons. The first one is…/ Moreover… On top
of that
+ Giải pháp : solutions / ways to solve this problem / tackle…/ mitigate…/
reverse the situation…

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