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Conservation of Angular Momentum 2

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19 views

Conservation of Angular Momentum 2

Uploaded by

youngprankstar007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 9

Conservation of Angular Momentum: A Hands-On

Experiment

Index
1. Introduction
o What is Angular Momentum?
o Conservation of Angular Momentum
2. Materials Required
3. Procedure
o Part A: Initial Rotation
o Part B: Changing Moment of Inertia
o Part C: Reversing the Process
4. Data Collection
5. Analysis and Observations
6. Conclusion
7. Further Exploration
o Quantitative Analysis
o Different Initial Conditions
o Real-World Applications
8. Safety Considerations
9. References
Introduction
What is Angular Momentum?
Angular momentum is a physical quantity that measures
the rotational motion of an object. It is analogous to
linear momentum, which measures the linear motion of
an object. Angular momentum is a vector quantity,
meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The
magnitude of angular momentum depends on the
object's mass, velocity, and distance from the axis of
rotation. The direction of angular momentum is
perpendicular to the plane of rotation, following the
right-hand rule.
Conservation of Angular Momentum
One of the fundamental principles of physics is the
conservation of angular momentum. This principle states
that in the absence of external torques, the total angular
momentum of a system remains constant. This means
that if an object's moment of inertia changes, its angular
velocity must adjust to keep the angular momentum
constant.
Materials Required
• A sturdy stool or rotating chair
• Weights (e.g., dumbbells, textbooks)
• Stopwatch or timer
Procedure
Part A: Initial Rotation
1. Sit on the stool or chair with your arms extended
outward, holding the weights.
2. Have your partner give you a gentle push to start
rotating slowly.
3. Record the initial angular velocity (ω₁) using the
stopwatch.

Part B: Changing Moment of Inertia


1. While rotating, slowly bring your arms closer to your
body, pulling the weights inward.
2. Observe the change in your rotational speed.
3. Record the final angular velocity (ω₂) after you've
pulled your arms in.

Part C: Reversing the Process


1. Extend your arms outward again, returning the
weights to their original position.
2. Observe the change in your rotational speed once
more.
Analysis and Observations
• Initial Rotation: Note the initial angular velocity (ω₁)
when your arms are extended.
• Changing Moment of Inertia: As you pull your arms
inward, you decrease your moment of inertia (I).
According to the conservation of angular momentum
(L = Iω), if I decreases, ω must increase to keep L
constant. This explains why you spin faster when you
pull your arms in.
• Reversing the Process: When you extend your arms
outward again, you increase your moment of inertia
(I). To conserve angular momentum, your angular
velocity (ω) must decrease.

Conclusion
The experiment successfully demonstrates the principle
of conservation of angular momentum. By changing your
moment of inertia, you can directly observe the change
in your angular velocity. This principle has numerous real-
world applications, including figure skating, diving, and
the spinning of celestial bodies.
Further Exploration
• Quantitative Analysis: Use a more precise method to
measure angular velocity, such as using a
smartphone app or a rotary motion sensor. Calculate
the initial and final angular momenta and compare
them to verify conservation.
• Different Initial Conditions: Experiment with
different initial angular velocities and weight
configurations to observe varying effects on the final
angular velocity.
• Real-World Applications: Research specific examples
of angular momentum conservation in sports,
nature, and technology. Discuss how understanding
this principle can improve performance in various
fields.

Safety Considerations
• Ensure the stool or chair is stable and not prone to
tipping.
• Be cautious when rotating, especially with weights in
hand.
• Have a partner present to assist and provide support
if needed.
By conducting this experiment and analyzing the results,
you can gain a deeper understanding of the concept of
angular momentum and its importance in various
physical phenomena.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:-

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