Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

(m 3n −2 )−3
1. Simplify and express your answer with positive indices. (3 marks)
m −6

4b − 2c
2. Make b the subject of the formula a = . (3 marks)
b

3. Factorize
(a) x 2 − 8x y + 12y 2 , (1 mark)
(b) x 2 − 8x y + 12y 2 − 3x + 18y. (2 marks)

1.
(m 3n −2 )−3 m −9 n 6
= 1M
m −6 m −6
= m −9+6 n 6 1M
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n6
= 3 1A
m
2.
4b − 2c
a=
b
a b = 4b − 2c 1M
a b − 4b = − 2c
b (a − 4) = − 2c 1M
2c
b= 1A
4−a
3.(a)
x 2 − 8x y + 12y 2 = (x − 2y)(x − 6y) 1M
(b)
x 2 − 8x y + 12y 2 − 3x + 18y = (x − 2y)(x − 6y) − 3(x − 6y) 1M
= (x − 6y)[(x − 2y) − 3]
= (x − 6y)(x − 2y − 3) 1A

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-2 2
 x 2 2x + y
4. Let x , y and z be non-zero numbers such that = and 4x = 5z . Find . (3 marks)
y 3 3y − 4z
2x
5. Let f(x) = be a function.
x 2 − 6x + 5
(a) Write down the domain of the function. (1 mark)
(b) Find the value of f(3) ´ f(–1) . (3 marks)

4.
y 3 z 4
= =
x 2 , x 5

y
2x + y 2 xx + x
= y z
1M
3y − 4z 3x − 4x
y
2+
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x
= y z
3x − 4x
3
2+ 2
= 3 4
1M
3× 2
−4× 5
35
= 1A
13
5. (a) Domain of f(x) is all real numbers except 1 and 5. 1M
or x <1 or 1 < x < 5 or x > 5

(b)
2⋅3 3
f(3) = =− 1M
32
− 6(3) + 5 2
2(−1) 1
f(−1) = = 1M
(−1) − 6(−1) + 5
2 6
3 1 1
f(3) × f(−1) = − ⋅ = 1A
2 6 4

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-3 3
 6. Solve each of the following equations. Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.
(a) (2x + 3)(3x − 7) = 4x + 6 (3 marks)
(b) (4x − 3)2 − 8 = 0 (3 marks)
(c) 2x 2 − 5x − 1 = 0 (2 marks)

6(a)
(2x + 3)(3x − 7) = 4x + 6
(2x + 3)(3x − 7) − (4x + 6) = 0
(2x + 3)(3x − 7) − 2(2x + 3) = 0 1M
(2x + 3)[(3x − 7) − 2] = 0
2x + 3 = 0 or 3x − 9 = 0
3
x=− x =3 1A, 1A
2
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(b)
(4x − 3)2 − 8 = 0
(4x − 3)2 = 8 1M
4x − 3 = ± 8 1M
4x = 3 ± 2 2
3±2 2
x= 1A
4

(c)
2x 2 − 5x − 1 = 0
5± (−5)2 − 4(2)(−1)
x= 1M
2(2)
5± 33
x= 1A
4

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-4 4
 7. Simplify the following expressions and express your answers in the form a + bi, where a and b are
real numbers.
(a) (4 + 3i )(2 − i ) (2 marks)
4 + 3i
(b) (2 marks)
2+i

8. If the equation 2x2 – 4x + k = 3 has two distinct real roots, find the range of values of k. (4 marks)

7(a)
(4 + 3i )(2 − i ) = 8 − 4i + 6i − 3i 2 1M
= 8 + 2i + 3
= 11 + 2i 1A

(b)
4 + 3i 4 + 3i 2 − i
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= × 1M
2+i 2+i 2−i
11 + 2i
=
4 − i2
11 2
= + i 1A
5 5
8.
Consider : 2x2 – 4x + k – 3 = 0 1M
Δ>0 1M
(−4)2 − 4(2)(k − 3) > 0 1M
4 − 2(k − 3) > 0
2 − (k − 3) > 0
k<5 1A

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-5 5
 9. If a and a2 are the roots of the quadratic equation x2 + kx + 64 = 0 .

(a) Find the value of a . (2 marks)

(b) Hence, find the value of k . (2 marks)

10. α and β are roots of the quadratic equation 2x2 –3x + 6 = 0. Without solving the quadratic equation,
2 2
form a quadratic equation in x with roots and . (4 marks)
α β
9(a)
α ⋅ α 2 = 64 1M
α=4 1A

(b)
α + α2 = − k 1M
4 + 42 = − k
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k = − 20 1A

10.

Sum of roots of the required equation :

2 2 2(α + β )
+ = 1M
α β αβ
3
2⋅
= 2 1M
6
2
=1

Product of roots of the required equation :

2 2 4
⋅ =
α β (αβ )
4
= 1M
6
2
4
=
3
The required equation is :

4
x2 − x + =0
3
3x 2 − 3x + 4 = 0 1A

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-6 6
 11. Let f(x) = x2 – 3x + 4 .
(a) Solve the equation f(x) = 2 . (2 marks)
(b) Find f(x + 1) . (2 marks)
(c) If f(k + 1) = f(k) + f(1) . Find the value of k . (2 marks)
(a)

f(x) = 2
2
x − 3x + 4 = 2
x 2 − 3x + 2 = 0 1M
(x − 1)(x − 2) = 0
x=1 or x =2 1A

(b)
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f(x + 1) = (x + 1)2 − 3(x + 1) + 4 1M
2
= x + 2x + 1 − 3x − 3 + 4
= x2 − x + 2 1A

(c)
f(k + 1) = f(k) + f(1)
k − k + 2 = k 2 − 3k + 4 + (1 − 3 + 4)
2
1M
2k = 4
k=2 1A

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-7 7
 1 + 2k i
12. Let z = be a complex number, where k is real.
3+i
(a) Express z in the form a + bi, where a and b are real. (3 marks)
(b) If z is a real number, find the the value of k. (2 marks)

(a)
1 + 2k i
z=
3+i
1 + 2k i 3 − i
= × 1M
3+i 3−i
3 − i + 6k i + 2k
= 1M
10
3 + 2k 6k − 1
= + i 1A
10 10
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(b) As z is a real number, imaginary part of z is 0.

6k − 1
=0 1M
10
1
k= 1A
6

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-8 8
 13. Consider a straight line L1 : 2x + 3y – 24 = 0.
(a) Find the slope, x-intercept and y-intercept of L1 . (3 marks)
(b) Determine whether L1 passes through C(–2, 7) . (2 marks)
(c) Find the equation of the straight line which is perpendicular to L1 and passes through C.
(3 marks)
(a)
2
Slope =− 1A
3

x-intercept = 12 1A

y-intercept =8 1A

(b) Sub x = –2 and y = –7 into L1,

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L.H.S. = 2(–2) + 3(7) – 24
= –7
¹ R.H.S. 1M

L1 does not pass through C. 1M

(c)
Slope of the required straight line

−1
= 2
1M
−3
3
=
2

The required equation is. :

3
y −7=
[x − (−2)] 1M
2
2y − 14 = 3x + 6
3x − 2y + 20 = 0 1A

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-9 9
 14. The following shows some patterns formed by identical squares. The number of squares in the nth
pattern is given by F(n) = 2n2 + n – 1.

1st pattern 2nd pattern 3rd pattern

(a) Write down the domain of the function F(n) . (1 mark)

th
(b) Find the number of squares in the 8 pattern. (2 marks)
(c) A student claims that there is a pattern with exactly 255 squares. Comment on this statement.
(3 marks)
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(a) Domain of x is all positive integers. 1M

(b) Number of squares in the 8th pattern

= F(8)
= 2(8)2 + 8 − 1 1M
= 135 1A

(c) Consider 2n 2 + n − 1 = 255

2n 2 + n − 1 = 255
2n 2 + n − 256 = 0 1M
n = 11.066 or n = − 11.566 1M

which are not integers. 1M

The student’s claim is disagreed.

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-10 10
 15. (a) Solve y2 + 199y – 812 = 0 (1 mark)
(b) The value of a flat was $8 500 000. The value of the flat was increased by r % in the first year
and (r – 1)% in the second year. If the value at the end of the second year is $9 105 200, find
the value of r . (3 marks)

(a)
y 2 + 199y − 812 = 0
(y − 4)(y + 203) = 0
y=4 or y = − 203 1A

(b)
8500000(1 + r %)[1 + (r − 1) % ] = 9105200 1M
100 + r 100 + r − 1
⋅ = 1.0712
100 100
(100 + r)(99 + r) = 10712
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9900 + 199r + r 2 = 10712
r 2 + 199r − 812 = 0 1M
(r − 4)(r + 203) = 0
r = 4 or r = − 203(r ej.) 1A

The value of r is 4 .

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-11 11
 16. α and β are roots of the quadratic equation 3x2 + 3x – 5 = 0, where α > β. Without solving the
quadratic equation, evaluate
(a) α3 + β3 (4 marks)
2
(b) β–α (3 marks)
(c) α–β (3 marks)

(a)
α +β=−1
5
αβ = −
3

α 3 + β 3 = (α + β )(α 2 − αβ + β 3) 1M
2
= (α + β )[α + β ) − 3αβ ] 1M
−5
= (−1)[(−1)2 − 3( ) 1M
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3
=−6 1A

(b) Sub x = a ,
3α 2 + 3α − 5 = 0
5 − 3α
α2 = 1M
3
5 − 3α
β − α2 = β −
3
3β − 5 + 3α
=
3
3(α + β ) − 5
= 1M
3
3(−1) − 5
=
3
8
=− 1A
3

(c)
(α − β )2 = (α + β )2 − 4αβ 1M
5
= (−1)2 − 4(− )
3
23
= 1M
3
23 69 23 69
α −β= = or − =− (rejcted) ∵ α > β 1A
3 3 3 3

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-12 12
 17. A straight line L1 : 3x – 4y + 12 = 0 cuts the x-axis and y-axis at A and B respectively.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and B . (2 marks)
(b) Another straight line L2 passes through C(–1 , –1) and D(13 , 3) . L1 and L2 intersects at E.
(i) Find the equation of L2 . (2 marks)
(ii) Hence, find the coordinates of E . (3 marks)
(iii) L2 cuts the x-axis at F. Find the area of DAFE . (2 marks)

(a) Put y = 0,
3x − 4(0) + 12 = 0
x=−4
Coordinates of A are (–4 , 0) . 1A

Put x = 0,
3(0) − 4y + 12 = 0
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y=3
Coordinates of B are (0 , 3) . 1A

(b)(i) The equation of L2 is :

y − (−1) 3 − (−1)
= 1M
x − (−1) 13 − (−1)
y +1 4
=
x +1 14
7y + 7 = 2x + 2
2x − 7y − 5 = 0 1A

{2x − 7y − 5
3x − 4y + 12 =0
(ii) Solving
=0

{6x − 21y − 15
6x − 8y + 24 =0
1M
=0

13y + 39 = 0
y=−3
x=−8 1M
Coordinates of E are (–8 , –3) 1A

5
(iii) Put y = 0 into L2 , 2x − 7(0) − 5 = 0 ⇒ x = 1A
2
Area of DAFE
1 5 39
= ( + 4)(3) = sq . units 1A
2 2 4

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-13 13
 18. In Figure 1, A(5 , 9), B(–3, –2) and C(9, –4) are the vertices of DABC. D is point on BC such that AD
is the altitude of DABC .
y

Figure 1

x
0
B
D
C

(a) Find the equation of BC . (2 marks)

(b) Find the equation of AD . Hence, find the coordinates of D . (4 marks)
(c) Find the ratio of area of ΔABD to area of ΔACD . (3 marks)
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(d) A student claims that the orthocentre of DABC lies on the x-axis. Explain whether he is
correct. (3 marks)
(a) Equation of BC is :
y − (−2) −4 − (−2)
= 1M
x − (−3) 9 − (−3)
y +2 2
=−
x +3 12
6y + 12 = − x − 3
x + 6y + 15 = 0 1A

1
(b) Slope of BC = −
6
1
Slope of A D = − =6 1M
1
−
6
Equation of AD is :
y − 9 = 6(x − 5) 1M
y − 9 = 6x − 30
6x − y − 21 = 0 1A

{6x − y − 21 = 0
x + 6y + 15 = 0
Solving

{6x − y − 21
6x + 36y + 90 = 0
=0
37y + 111 = 0
y=−3
x=−3
Coordinates of D are (3, –3) 1A

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-14 14
 (c)

BD (−3 − 3)2 + [−2 − (−3)]2

=
DC (9 − 3)2 + [−4 − (−3)]2
=1 1M

Ratio of area of ΔABD to area of ΔACD

1
BD ⋅ A D
= 2 1M
1
DC ⋅ A D
2
BD
=
DC
=1

The ratio of area of ΔABD to area of ΔACD is. 1 : 1 . 1A

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(d) Assume that the orthocentre of DABC lies on the x-axis. Let the coordinates of the
orthocentre be E(h, 0) . Put (h, 0) into the equation of AD :
6h + (0) − 21 = 0
7
h= 1A
2
Slope of AB ´ Slope of CE
9 − (−2) 9−0
= × 1M
5 − (−3) 7
−4−
2
=1
\ AB ^ CE. 1M
The claim is agreed.

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-15 15
 OR

Let E be point on AB such that CE ^ AB

Slope of CE
−1
=
9 − (−2)
5 − (−3)
8
=− 1M
11
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Equation of CE is
8
y − (−4) = − × (x − 9)
11
8
y+4=− × (x − 9)
11
11y + 44 = − 8x + 72
8x + 11y − 28 = 0 1M

{8x + 11y − 28
6x − y − 21 =0
Solving
=0

7
x =
2 1M
y =0

7
The coordinates of the orthocentre are ( ,0).
2
The claim is agreed.

End of Paper

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2021-S4-MATH-HY-16 16