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Gas Detection Using Esp 32 and Fire Alarm

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Gas Detection Using Esp 32 and Fire Alarm

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Rohmot Ullah
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Gas Detection Using ESP32 and Fire Alarm Project Report

Presentation · September 2023


DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18846.31041

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M. Abdullah Khan
United International University
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Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Project Report
Gas Detection Using ESP32 and Fire Alarm

Course Code: EEE3107


Course Title: Electrical Properties of Materials

Submitted To:
Dr. Md. Iqbal Bahar Chowdhury
Associate Professor,
Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
United International University

Submitted By:

M. Abdullah Khan Md. Naim Islam


ID No: 021 201 036 ID No: 021 201 078
Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
- Objectives
- Scope of the Project
2. Project Overview
- System Architecture
- Components Used
3. Technical Details
- ESP32 Microcontroller
- Gas Detection Sensor
- Types of Gases Detected
- Fire Alarm System
4. Implementation
- Hardware Setup
- Wiring Diagrams
5. Results
- Demonstration of Gas Detection
- Activation of Fire Alarm
6. Discussion
- Solutions and Workarounds
- Future Improvements
7. Social and Environmental Impact
- Importance of Gas Detection
- Enhancing Safety Measures & Environmental Responsibility
8. Conclusion
- Summary of Achievements
- Significance of the Project
1. Introduction
The "Gas Detection Using ESP32 and Fire Alarm" project aims to create a comprehensive
system for detecting harmful gases and potential fire hazards in indoor environments. By utilizing the
capabilities of the ESP32 microcontroller and various gas sensors, the project enhances safety
measures and environmental awareness.

Objectives
 Develop a gas detection and fire alarm system using cost-effective components.
 Provide real-time monitoring and alerts for different types of harmful gases.
 Create an integrated system that combines gas sensors, fire detection, and alarm mechanisms.
 Raise awareness about gas leaks and fire hazards to enhance safety measures.

Scope of the Project


The project scope encompasses the design, development, and implementation of a gas
detection and fire alarm system. The system employs ESP32 microcontroller along with MQ-2, MQ-
3, and MQ-135 gas sensors, as well as a fire sensor and a buzzer for alarm notification.

2. Project Overview

System Architecture
The gas detection and fire alarm system consist of sensor modules, an ESP32 microcontroller,
and an alarm mechanism. Gas sensors monitor the air for various harmful gases, while the fire sensor
detects temperature changes associated with fire. The ESP32 processes data from the sensors and
triggers the alarm if dangerous levels are detected.

Components Used
1. ESP32 Microcontroller
2. MQ-2 Gas Sensor: Detects LPG, propane, and hydrogen gases.
3. MQ-3 Gas Sensor: Detects alcohol vapor.
4. MQ-135 Gas Sensor: Detects air quality including ammonia, benzene, and CO2.
5. Fire Sensor: Detects rapid temperature changes associated with fire.
6. Buzzer: Generates audible alarm alerts.

3. Technical Details

ESP32 Microcontroller
The ESP32 serves as the central processing unit of the system. Its Wi-Fi capabilities enable remote
monitoring and alerts. The microcontroller reads data from the gas and fire sensors, processes the
information, and controls the alarm mechanism.

Gas Detection Sensor


MQ-2: Detects flammable gases.
MQ-3: Detects alcohol vapor.
MQ-135: Detects various air pollutants.

Types of Gases Detected


MQ-2: LPG, propane, hydrogen.
MQ-3: Alcohol vapor.
MQ-135: Ammonia, benzene, CO2.

Fire Alarm System


The fire sensor monitors temperature changes and triggers the alarm if a sudden temperature increase
is detected. The system responds to both gas leaks and potential fire hazards.

4. Implementation

Hardware Setup
The gas sensors and fire sensor are connected to the ESP32 microcontroller through GPIO pins. The
buzzer is also connected to the microcontroller. The system is powered using a suitable power supply.

Fig. 1 Hardware implementation of our project

Wiring Diagrams

Fig. 2 Wiring Diagrams of the sensors


5. Results

Demonstration of Gas Detection


Upon exposure to target gases, the respective gas sensors provide analog signals to the ESP32. The
microcontroller processes these signals and determines the presence and concentration of the gases.
Fig. 3 Web dashboard of our project

Activation of Fire Alarm


The fire sensor monitors temperature changes. When a rapid temperature increase is detected, the
ESP32 triggers the alarm mechanism, activating the buzzer to alert users of potential fire hazards.

6. Discussion

Solutions and Workarounds


Challenges encountered during the project include sensor calibration and interference between gas
sensors. These issues were addressed through careful calibration procedures and sensor placement.

Future Improvements
Future iterations of the system could include SMS or email alerts for remote monitoring, integration
with home automation systems, and enhanced accuracy through advanced sensor calibration.

7. Social and Environmental Impact

Importance of Gas Detection


Gas leaks pose serious health and safety risks. This project helps prevent gas-related accidents by
providing timely alerts.

Enhancing Safety Measures & Environmental Responsibility


The system promotes environmental responsibility by raising awareness about air quality and gas
leaks, thus contributing to a safer and healthier environment.

8. Conclusion
The "Gas Detection Using ESP32 and Fire Alarm" project successfully created a comprehensive
system for detecting harmful gases and potential fire hazards. The integration of ESP32, gas sensors,
and a fire sensor forms a cohesive system that enhances safety measures and environmental
awareness.
Summary of Achievements
 Developed an integrated gas detection and fire alarm system.
 Utilized ESP32 for data processing and alarm triggering.
 Demonstrated successful gas detection and fire alarm activation.
 Significance of the Project
 The project contributes to improved safety standards and environmental consciousness by
providing real-time gas detection and fire hazard alerts in indoor environments.

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