HANDOUTS IN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

S.Y. 2024-2025 (FIRST QUARTER)

Module 1: Knowing and Understanding Oneself during Middle and Late Adolescence.
Lesson 1 - Self- concept

• Refers to your awareness of yourself.

Two broad categories of self- concept
1. Ideal self- is the self that you aspire to be. It is the one that you hope will possess characteristics similar to that
of a mentor or some other worldly figure.
• Is how we want to be.
2. Actual self- is the one that you actually see. It is the self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or in
some cases, born to have.
o Is built on self- knowledge.
o Actual self is our self- image
Self- knowledge

• Is derived from social interactions that provide insight into how others react to you.
Social role
• That are adjusted and re-adjusted, and are derived from outcomes of social interactions from infant to adult
development.
Congruence and Incongruence

• Incongruence – Lack of alignment.

- the Self-image is different to the ideal self.
- There is only a little overlap.
- Self-actualization will be difficult.

• Congruence - The self-image is similar to the ideal self.

- There is more overlap.
- This person can self-actualize.
Knowledge

• Is required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them and risk assessment.

Lesson 2 - Personal Effectiveness

• making use of all the personal resources – talents, skills, energy and time, to enable you to achieve life goals.
• Self-manage/ Self-aware and self-management are keys to improving your personal performance.
• Personal effectiveness depends on:
1. Talents - needed to be identified and then developed to be used in a particular subject area
(science, literature, sports, politics, etc.)
2. Knowledge - is required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them and risk assessment.
3. Experience - includes knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive and practical
activities.
4. Creativity - Allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action that no one has tried to use.
5. Skills – determine whether real actions are performed in accordance with the plan. If the same ability is
used many times in the same situation, then it becomes a habit that runs automatically, subconsciously.

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Skills that will greatly increase the efficiency:
1. Determination- it allows to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by less important
things or spontaneous desires.

2. Self- confidence- it appears in the process of personal development, as a result of getting aware of yourself,
your actions and their consequences.
- is manifested in speech, appearance, dressing, gait and physical condition.

3. Persistence- it makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging obstacles- problems, laziness, bad
emotional state, etc.
- it reduces the costs of overcoming obstacle.
- it can also be developed with the help of self- discipline exercise.

4. Managing stress- it helps to combat stress that arises in daily life from the environment and other people.
- it increase efficiency in the actively changing environment.

5. Problem- solving skills- it help cope with the problems encountered with a lack of experience.
- it increase efficiency by adopting new ways of achieving goals when obtaining a new experience.

6. Creativity- it allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action that no one has tried to use.
- it can lead to a decrease or an increase of cost, but usually the speed of action is greatly increased when using
creative tools.

7. Generating ideas- it helps you achieve goals using new, original, unconventional ideas.

Lesson 3 - BUILD ON YOUR STRENGTHS AND WORK ON YOUR WEAKNESSES

• Most failures emanate from weaknesses that are not recognized or probably recognized but not given
appropriate attention or remedy. This could be a weakness in communications, personality or ability.
• Instead of giving up or indulging in self-pity, take action.
• Go for speech lessons, get skills upgrading, attend personality development sessions or whatever appropriate
remedies to your perceived weakness.
• Instead of simply focusing on your weaknesses, recognize your own talents and abilities, build on them, utilize
them to your greatest advantage. This is where you can build your name and popularity.

Lesson 4 - Three kinds of people in the world

• Moviegoer- this person watches the movie their lives, admires some parts and criticizes others.
• Actor- this person does not only watch the movie of her life, she actually realizes she is the actor.
• Scriptwriter- this person does not watch, and she doesn’t only act, but she actually creates the entire movie
from her mind, she determines what she will say, what she will do, and how movie the movie will end.
- has enormous control over her life.
- sees to it that the movie of her life will turn out beautiful.

Practical reason to maintain journal

• It is cost- efficient and available

• It is preventive and pro- active
• It is creative and production
• It is personal and private

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Module 2: Developing the Whole Person
Holistic Development (7 aspects of yourself)

1. Physical Wellness – Take care of your body for optimal health and functioning.
2. Emotional Wellness – Have a positive attitude, high self-esteem, a strong sense of self, and the ability to
recognize and share a wide range of feelings with others in a constructive way.
3. Spiritual Wellness – Find meaning in life events, demonstrate individual purpose, and live a life that reflects
your values and beliefs.
4. Intellectual Wellness – BE open to new ideas, be creative, think critically, and seek out new challenges.
5. Environmental Wellness – BE aware of the interactions between the environment, community and yourself and
behave in ways that care for each of these responsibilities.
6. Social Wellness – Build relationships with others, deal with conflict appropriately, and connect to a positive
social network.
7. Occupational Wellness – Seek to have a career that is interesting, enjoyable, meaningful and that contributes to
the larger society.

Module 3: Developmental Stages in Middle and Late Adolescence

Developmental stages
Developmental stage Characteristics
1. Pre- natal Age is when hereditary endowments and sex are fixed and all body
(conception to birth) features, both external and internal are developed.
2. Infancy Foundation age is when basic behavior is organized, and many ontogenetic
(Birth to 2 years) maturation skills are developed.
3. Early childhood Pre-gang age, exploratory, and questioning. Language and elementary
(2 to 6 years old) reasoning are acquired, and initial socialization is experienced.

4. Late childhood Gang and creativity age when self-help skills, social skills, and play are
(6 to 12 years) developed
5. Adolescence Transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex maturation and rapid
(Puberty to 18 years) physical development occur resulting in changes in ways of feeling,
thinking, and acting.
6. Early Adulthood Age of adjustment to new patterns of life and roles such as a spouse,
(18- 40 years) parent, and breadwinner.
7. Middle Age Transition age is when adjustments to initial physical and mental decline
(40 years to retirement) are experienced.
8. Old Age Retirement age is when an increasingly rapid physical and mental decline is
(Retirement to death) experienced.

Robert J. Havighurst
- He elaborated on the developmental tasks theory in the most systematic and extensive manner.
- Proposed a biopsychosocial model of development, wherein the developmental tasks at each are influenced
by the individual’s biology, psychology, and sociology.

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 THE DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS SUMMARY TABLE

Infancy and Early Middle Childhood (6-12) Adolescence (13-18)

Childhood (0-5)
• Learning to walk • Learning physical skills • Achieving mature relations
• Learning to take solid foods necessary for ordinary games with both sexes
• Learning to talk • Building a wholesome • Achieving a masculine or
• Learning to control the attitude toward oneself feminine social role
elimination of body wastes • Learning to get along with • Accepting one’s physique
• Learning sex differences and age-mates • Achieving emotional
sexual modesty • Learning an appropriate sex independence of adults
• Acquiring concepts and role • Preparing for marriage and
language to describe social • Developing fundamental family life
and physical quality skills in reading, writing and • Preparing for economic
• Readiness for reading calculating career
• Learning to distinguish right • Developing concepts • Acquiring values and an
from wrong and developing a necessary for everyday living ethical system to guide
conscience • Developing conscience, behavior
morality, and scale of values • Desiring and achieving
• Achieving personal socially responsibility
independence
• Developing acceptable
attitudes toward society

Early Adulthood (19-30) Middle Adulthood (30-60) Later Maturity (61-1)

• Selecting a mate • Helping teenage children to • Adjusting decreasing strength
• Learning to live with a become happy and and health
partner responsible adults • Adjusting to retirement and
• Starting a family • Achieving adult social and reduced income
• Rearing children civic responsibility • Adjusting to death of spouse
• Managing a home • Satisfactory career • Establishing relations with
• Starting an occupation achievement one’s own age group
• Assuming civic responsibility • Developing adult leisure time • Meeting social and civic
activities obligations
• Relating to one’s spouse as a • Establishing satisfactory living
person quarters
• Accepting the physiological
changes of middle age
• Adjusting to aging parents

Guideline for mindful speech:

Is what I want to say True?
Is what I want to say Helpful
Am I the best one to say it?
Is it necessary to say it Now?
Is it Kind to this person and others?

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Living Mindfully
Living mindfully is like being an artist: you need the right tools to practice your craft, and you need to
constantly refine your technique to achieve your creative potential. In the same way, using the present
moment tools below will help you to hone a consistent mindfulness practice that will in time lead to a more
aware, compassionate and fulfilling way of life.
Tool 1. Breathe Mindfully - Use your breath as an anchor to still your mind and bring your focus back to
the present moment.

Tool 2. Listen Deeply - Listen with intention; let others fully express themselves and focus on
understanding how they think and feel.

Tool 3. Cultivate Insight - See life as it is, allowing each experience to be an opportunity for learning.

Tool 4. Practice compassion - Consider the thoughts and feelings of others and let tenderness, kindness
and empathy be your guides.

Tool 5. Limit Reactively - Observe rather than be controlled by your emotions. Pause, breathe, and
choose a skillful response based on thoughtful speech and non-violence under every condition.

Tool 6. Express Gratitude - Practice gratitude daily and expand it outward, appreciating everyone and
everything you encounter.

Tool 7. Nurture Mutual Respect - Appreciate our common humanity and value different perspectives
as well as your own.

Tool 8. Built Integrity - Cultivate constructive values and consistently act from respect, honesty and
kindness.

Tool 9. Foster Leadership - Engage fully in life and in community. Share your unique talents and
generosity so that others can also be inspired.

Tool 10. Be Peace - Cultivate your own inner peace, becoming an agent for compassionate action and
social good.

Module 4: The Challenges of Middle and Late Adolescence

Challenges of Late Adolescence:
Physical Development

• Most girls have completed the physical changes related to puberty by age 15.
• Boys are still maturing and gaining strength, muscle, and height and are completing the development
of sexual traits.

Emotional development

• May stress over school and test scores.

• Is self-involved (may have expectation and low self-concept)
• Seeks privacy and time alone.
• May complain that parents prevent him or her from doing things independently.
• Start to want both physical and emotional intimacy in relationship.
• The experience of intimate partnership.

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Social development

• Shifts in relationship with parents from dependency and subordination to one the that reflects the
adolescent’s increasing and responsibilities in the family and the community,
• Is more and more aware of social behaviors of friends.
• Seeks friends that share the same beliefs, values, and interest.
• Friends become more important.
• Starts more intellectual interest.
• Explores romantic and sexual behaviors with others.
• May be influenced by peers to try risky behaviors (alcohol, tobacco, sex)

Mental development

• Become better able to get goals and think in terms of the future.
• Has better understanding of complex problems and issue.
• Starts to develop moral ideals and to select role models.
Most common, we discourage in five general ways:

• We set standards that are too high for others to meet because we are overly ambitious.
• We focus on mistakes as a way to motivate change or improved behavior.
• We make constant comparison (self to others, siblings to one another).
• We automatically give a negative spin to the actions of others.
• We dominate others by being overly helpful, implying that they are unable to do it as well.

THE POWER OF PERSONAL DECLARATIONS

I declare:
that I am totally free of all addictions.
that I will survive any attempts of others to control my life.
that I am free in my mind, body, and emotions.
that I am free to set goals and reach them.
that I am a child of God with all rights and privileges thereof.
that I will contribute to the welfare of others.
that I will be an ambassador of goodwill to all I meet on the journey.
that I will be good example for others to follow.
that I will help all that I can to reach their goals.
that I will speak words of encouragement to others.
that I will find the goodness in life and focus on it.
that I will not succumb to the negative influences of others.
that I will read the information that will encourage my personal, and spiritual growth.
that I will commit to being the best I can be.

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