SCIENCE

ACIDS BASES AND SALTS

1. An acid can react with

(A) AgCl (B) Na2CO3 (C) AgNO3 (D) None of these

ANS : B

2. Neutralisation is ________________ reaction.

(A) an endothermic (B) an exothermic

(C) Neither endothermic nor exothermic (D) Both endothermic and exothermic

SOL : Neutralisation reaction are always exothermic

Acid + Base  salt + water

ANS : B

3. Among the following, which is the least basic?

(A) F (B) I (C) Cl (D) Br 

SOL : F > Cl > Br > I (basic strength in decreasing order)

ANS : B

4. Which of the following statements is true for a 0.1 M solution of a weak acid HA?

(A) pH = 1.00 (B) pH < 1 (C) H    A   (D) H    A  

SOL : for weak acid

HA (aq) ‡ˆ ˆˆ †ˆ H+(aq) + A(aq)
here [H+] = [A]

ANS : C

5. Which one of following is the strongest acid

(A) H3PO4 (B) H3PO2 (C) H3PO3 (D) H2SO3

SOL : H2SO4 > H2SO3 (Acid strength in decreasing order)

ANS : D

6. Among the following weakest acid is

(A) HNO3 (B) H3 AsO4 (C) H3SbO4 (D) H3PO4

SOL : Down the group acidic strength decrease

HNO3 > H3PO4 > H3AsO4 > H3SbO4 (acid strength in decreasing order)

ANS : C

7. The following acids have been arranged in order of increasing acid strength. Identify the correct
order.

ClOH (I) BrOH (II) IOH (III)

(A) I < II < III (B) II < I < III (C) III < II < I (D) I < III < II

SOL : Acidic strength order

ClOH > BrOH > IOH (electronegativity decreases

ANS : C

8. Which of the following is not the characteristic of a base?

(A) They have a bitter taste

(B) They turn red litmus blue

(C) They show red colour with methyl orange

(D) Their aqueous solutions conduct electricity

ANS : C

9. Which one of the following is correct?

(A) Both bases and alkalies are soluble in water

(B) Alkalies are soluble in water but all bases are not

(C) Bases are soluble in water but all alkalies are not
(D) C2H5OH is a base because it has OH group

SOL : All alkalies are bases but all bases are not alkali. Water soluble bases are called alkalies

ANS : B
10. When a base is dissolved in water

(A) Concentration of OH– ions per unit volume increases

(B) Concentration of OH– ions per unit volume decreases

(C) Concentration of OH– ions per unit volume may increase or decrease depending upon the
nature of the base

(D) No change in concentration of OH– ions per unit volume occurs

SOL : MOH  strong

 M+ + OH
H2O ‡ˆ ˆˆ †ˆ H+ + OH
concentration of H2O will increase and (OH) will decrease

ANS : B

11. Which one of the following is a weak acid?

(A) HCl (B) H2CO3 (C) H2SO4 (D) HNO3

SOL : Carbonic acid H2CO3 is weak acid and H2SO4, HCl, HNO3 are strong acid.

ANS : B

12. Colour of methyl orange in acid solution is

(A) Orange (B) Red (C) Purple (D) Blue

ANS : B

13. When solid potassium cyanide is added in water then

(A) pH will increase (B) pH will decrease

(C) pH will remain the same` (D) Electrical conductivity will not change

SOL : pH will increase due to formation of strong base KOH.

KCN + H2O  KOH + HCN

ANS : A

14. Aquous solution of HCl has the pH  4 . Its molarity would be

(A) 4 M (B) 0.4 M (C) 0.0001 M (D) 10 M

SOL : pH = –log[H+]
4 = –log[H+]
so, [H+] = 10–4 M
ANS : C

15. Human body works efficiently within a pH range of

(A) 5.6 to 7.00 (B) 5.6 to 7.8 (C) 7.00 to 7.8 (D) 7.8 to 8.4

ANS : C

16. Solution A, B, C and D have pH 3, 4, 6 and 8 respectivley. The solution with highest acidic
strength is

(A) A (B)B (C)C (D)D

SOL : Lowest pH means higher acidic strength

ANS : A

17. A 10–4 M NaOH solution will have a pH of

(A) 4 (B)6 (C)8 (D) 10

SOL : NaOH(aq) Na+(aq) + OH(aq)

10–4 M 10–4 M
[H+] [OH] = 10–14
1014
[H+] =  1010
104
pH = –log [H+]

= log10–10 = 10

ANS : D

18. pH of two solutions A and B are 8 and 12 respectively. This means that

(A) Solution A is 1.5 times more basic than B

(B) Solution B is 1.5 times more basic than A

(C) Solution A is 10000 times more basic than B

(D) Solution B is 10000 times more basic than A

SOL : pH = 8 and pH = 12

ANS : D
19. How many times a solution of pH = 3 be diluted to get a solution of pH = 6?

(A) 2 times (B)10 times (C)100 times (D)1000 times

SOL : pH = –log[H+]
3 = –log[H+]
so, [H+] = 10–3 M
Again pH = 6
so, Similarly [H+] = 10–6 M
if 10–3 M solution is diluted 1000 times it conc. becomes 10–6 M.

ANS : D

20. A solution turns blue litmus red. The pH of the solution is probably

(A) 8 (B)10 (C)12 (D)6

ANS : D

21. Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl  MgCl2 + 2H2O

CsOH + HCl  CsCl + H2O
Here Mg(OH)2 and CsOH respectively are:
(A) Triacidic, Monoacidic (B) Diacidic, Monoacidic
(C) Diacidic, Diacidic (D) Triacidic, Diacidic

SOL : Mg(OH)2 replaces two OH ion and Cs(OH) replaces one OH so acidity is 2 and 1 respectively.

ANS : B

22. Acidic soil can be curved by spraying

(A) Gypsum powder (B) Dry leaves (C) Slaked lime (D) Sodium chloride

ANS : C

23. Alkaline soils can be curved by spraying

(A) Slaked lime (B) Dry leaves (C) Gypsum powder (D) Sodium chloride

ANS : C
24. Excess hydrochloric acid produced in the stomach can be neutralised by eating tablets
containing.

(A) Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminium hydroxide

(B) Potassium hydroxide and Aluminium hydroxide

(C) Magnesium hydroxide and Potassium hydroxide

(D) Potassium hydroxide and Sodium Chloride

SOL : Mg(OH)2 and KOH can be used as antacid to neutralize HCl produced in stomach

ANS : A

25. Potash alum is a

(A) Simple salt (B)Complex sal (C)Acid salt (D)Double salt

ANS : D

26. The reaction

Pb(OH) 2  HNO3  Pb(OH)NO3  H 2 O

Shows that Pb(OH)NO3

(A) an acidic salt (B)a basic salt (C)a base (D)an acid

SOL : Pb(OH)NO3 is a basic salt. It has one OH ion which can be replaceable

ANS : B

27. Which of the following can form more than one acid salt?

(A) CH3COOH (B)H3PO4 (C)CH3CH2COOH (D)HCl

SOL : H3PO4 is tribasic acid so it can form more than one acid salt.

ANS : B

28. Which of the following oxide is neutral?

(A) CO (B) SnO2 (C) ZnO (D) SiO2

ANS : A

29. Which of the following is acidic salt

(A) H2NaPO4 (B) NaCl (C) Mg(OH)NO3 (D) H2SO4
SOL : H2NaPO4 is acidic salt. It has hydrogen which can be replaceable.

ANS : A

30. Which of the following will form only one acid salt
(A) H2SO4 (B) HCl (C) NaOH (D) H3PO4

SOL : H2SO4 only form one acid salt NaHSO4.

ANS : A

31. Which of the following is neutral salt

(A) NaCl (B) Na2SO4 (C) CaSO4 (D) all of these

SOL : MO + H2O  MOH

(Metallic oxide) Basic hydroxide

ANS : D

32. All metallic oxides dissolve in water to give:

(A) Acidic hydroxides (B) Basic hydroxide (C) Amphoteric hydroxides (D) None

ANS : B

33. Which of the following correctly represents the molecular formula of washing soda?

(A) Na2CO3 (B) Na2CO3.H2O

(C) Na2CO3.5H2O (D) Na2CO3.10H2O

ANS : D

34. Aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is

(A) Acidic (B) Basic

(C) Neutral (D) Amphoteric

ANS : B

35. pH of ammonium chloride, (NH4Cl) or copper sulphate (CuSO4) soulution will be

(A) 7 (B) >7

(C) < 7 (D) 0

ANS : C
36. On electrolysis of brine solution, the products formed are

(A) Sodium and chlorine

(B) Hydrogen, chlorine and oxygen

(C) Hydrogen chlorine and sodium hydroxide

(D) Sodium hydroxide, chlorine and oxygen

ANS : C

37. When zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide, the products formed are

(A) Zinc hydroxide and sodium (B) Sodium zincate and water

(C) Sodium zincate and hydrogen (D) Sodium zincate and oxygen

ANS : C

38. pH of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution will be

(A) 7 (B) >7

(C) < 7 (D) 1

ANS : B

39. Highly active metals dissolve in water gives _____________ gas in the formation of their
respective basic oxides.

(A) Oxygen (B) Hydrogen

(C) Carbondioxide (D) Nitrogen

ANS : B

40. Which of the following is used as raw material in solvay’s process

(A) NH3 (B) CaCO3

(C) NaCl (D) All of these

ANS : D

41. Product of electrolysis of molten NaCl using Pt electrode will be

(A) Na (B)Cl2 (C)H2 (D)Both (A) and (B)

ANS : D
42. The chemical name of marble is

(A) Magnesium carbonate (B) Calcium chloride

(C) Calcium sulphate (D) Calcium carbonate

ANS : D

43. Which of the following are efflorescent salts ?

(P) Washing soda (Q) Blue vitriol

(R) Epsom salt (S) Green vitriol

(A) P, Q (B) R, S

(C) P, Q, R (D) P, Q, R, S

ANS : D

44. Epsom salt is

(A) Copper sulphate (B) Ferrous sulphate

(C) Magnesium sulphate (D) Calcium Sulphate

ANS : D

45 The type of medicine used to treat indigestion is

(A) antihistamine (B) sulpha drug

(C) antacid (D) antibiotic

ANS : C

46. Which of the following is used as oxidizing agent in chemical industry

(A) CaOCl2 (B) NaOH
(C) CaSO4 H2O (D) HCl

ANS : A

47. Na2CO3 is used in

(A) water treatment (B) making soap
(C) paper industry (D) (A) and (B) both

ANS : A
48. Which of the following is used in making toys
(A) plaster of Paris (B) CaOCl2
(C) Na2CO3 (D) NaHCO3

ANS : A

49. Which is used in baking powder

(A) Na2CO3 (B) NaHCO3
(C) HCl (D) CaOCl2

ANS : B

50. Which is used in fire extinguisher

(A) Plaster of Paris (B) CaSO4H2O
(C) NaHCO3 (D) CaCO3

ANS : C

51. Which of the following is used in photography

(A) Na2SO4 (B) NaHCO3
(C) NaOH (D) Na2CO3

ANS : D

52. Methyl orange is

(A) Red in acidic medium, yellow in basic medium

(B) Yellow in acidic medium, red in basic medium

(C) Colourless in acidic medium, red in basic medium

(D) Red in acidic medium, colourless in basic medium

ANS : A

53. Which of the following is a strong acid?

(A) Lactic acid (B) Ascorbic acid

(C) Sulphuric acid (D) Formic acid

ANS : C

54. Bleaching powder is prepared commercially by

(A) Reaction of chlorine with slaked lime (B) Reaction of hydrochloric acid with lime

(C) Reaction of chlorine with carbon dioxide (D) none of these

ANS : A

55. Anhydrous calcium sulphate is called

(A) Dead burnt plaster (B) Plaster of paris

(C) Gypsum (D) None of these

ANS : A

56. Hygroscopic substances are

(A) CaCl2 (B) H2SO4

(C) Both of these (D) None of these

ANS : A

57. Epsom salt and Blue vitriol are examples of

(A) Deliquescent substance (B) Efflorescent substance

(C) Hygroscopic substance (D) None of these

ANS : B

58. Which of the following base ionises in aqueous solution to produce three hydroxyl ions per
molecule?
(A) NaOH (B) Cu(OH)2
(C) Fe(OH)3 (D) KOH

ANS : C
59. ‘A’ burns in oxygen to form ‘B’ with lilac flame, ‘B’ dissolves in water to form ‘C’. ‘C’ reacts with
an acid commonly called aquafortis to form ‘D’ and ‘E’. ‘D’ on heating decomposes to ‘F’ and O2.
‘D’ is an ionic compound which dissociates forming a positive ion other than hydrogen ion and
negative ion other than hydroxyl ion. If ‘E’ changes anhydrous CuSO4 to blue. Identify A, B, C, D,
F and their nature respectively.
A B C D F
(A) Na, Metal Na2O, Acidic NaOH, Basic NaNO3, Acidic NaNO2,Neutral

(B) Na, Metal NaO2, Basic NaOH, Acidic NaNO3, Basic NaNO2,Neutral

(C) K, Metal K2O, Basic KOH, Basic KNO3, Neutral KNO2, Neutral
(D) K, Metal KO2, Basic KOH, Basic KNO3, Neutral KNO2, Neutral

ANS : D
60. 2Al + 6HCl 
 A + 3H2 (g)

i) Identify ‘A’

ii) Idenfity ‘A’ is soluble salt or insoluble salt ?

I II

(A) Aluminium hydride Insoluble salt

(B) Aluminium chloride Soluble salt

(C) Aluminium chloride Insoluble salt

(D) Aluminium hydride Soluble salt

ANS : C

61. Which of the following are effloroscent salts?

(P) Washing soda (Q) Blue vitriol

(R) Epsom salt (S) Green vitriol

(A) P, Q (B) R, S
(C) P, Q, R (D) P, Q, R, S

ANS : D

62. Two or more crystalline forms of the same compound are called

(A) Hygroscopic (B) Isomorphs

(C) Polymorphs (D) Isomers

ANS : C

63. The neutral oxide is

(A) CO (B) SnO2
(C) ZnO (D) SiO2

ANS : A

64. Bleaching properties of bleaching powder is due to its.

(A) oxidizing property (B) Reducing property

(C) basic property (D) acidic property

ANS : A
65. A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be-

(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 10

ANS : D

66. A solution reacts with crushed egg-shells to give a gas that turns that lime-water milky. The solution
contains-

(A) NaCl (B) HCl (C) LiCl (D) KCl

ANS : B

68. 10 mL of a solution of NaOH is found to be completely neutralized by 8mL of a given solution of HCl. If
we take 20 mL of the same solution of NaOH, the amount HCl solution (the solution as before)
required to neutralise be-

(A) 4 mL (B) 8 mL (C) 12 mL (D) 16 Ml

ANS : D

69. Which one on of the following types of medicines is used for treatment indigestion-

(A) Antibiotic (B) Analgesic (C) Antacid (D) Antiseptic

ANS : C

70. According to Arrhenius acid gives –

(A) H+ in water (B) OH- in water (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) OH- in acid medium

ANS : B

71. Milk of magnesia is an –

(A) Acid (B) Antacid (C) Alkali (D) Rock salt

ANS : B

72. Noble metals are dissolved in –

(A) Conc. HNO3 (B) Conc. HCl (C) Conc. H2SO4 (D) Aqua-regia

ANS : D
73 Which of the following ia not a strong acid?

(A) H2SO4 (B) CH3COOH (C) HNO3 (D) HCl

ANS : B

74. Soda ash is –

(A) Na2CO3H2O B)Na2CO3 (C) NaOH (D)NaHCO2

ANS : B

75. Which of the following is an basic salt?

(A) SnCl2 (B) NaCl (C) NH4Cl (D) CH3COONa

ANS : D

76. Which of the following method is not used in preparing a base?

(A) Burning of metal in air (B) Adding water to a metal oxide.

(C) Reaction between an acid and base. (D) Heating metal carbonates.

ANS : B

77. Fats + NaOH ……+ Glycerol. One of the product formed in this reacton is-

(A) Soap (B) Cloth (C) Paper (D) Wood

ANS : A

78. Potash alum is a ?

(A) Simple salt (B) Complex salt (C) Acid salt (D) Double salt

ANS : D

79. NaHCO3 represent the formula of which one of the following ?

(A) Sodium carbonate (B) Baking soda

(C) Sodium acetate (D) Washing soda

ANS : B
80. The acid used in making of vinegar is -

(A) Formic acid (B) Acetic acid (C) Sulphuric acid (D) Nitric acid

ANS : B

81. Common name of H2SO4 is-

(A) Oil of vitriol (B) Muriatic acid (C) Blue vitriol (D) Green vitriol

ANS : A

82. CuO + (X)  CuSO4 + H2O. Here (X) is-

(A) CuSO4 (B) HCI (C) H2SO4 (D) HNO3

ANS : C

83. Which of the following is the weakest base ?

(A) NaOH (B) NH4OH (C) KOH (D) Ca(OH)2

ANS : B

84. Reaction of an acid with a base is known as-

(A) decomposition (B) combination (C) redox reaction (D) neutralization

ANS : D

85. When CO2 is passed through lime water, it turns milky; The milkiness is due to the formation of -

(A) CaCO3 (B Ca(OH)2 (C) H2O (D) CO2

ANS : A

86. Caustic soda is the common name for-

(A) Mg(OH)2 (B) KOH (C) Ca(OH)2 (D) NaOH

ANS : D

87. Antacids contain -

(A) Weak base (B) Weak acid (C) Strong base (D) Strong acid

ANS : A
88. Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) is used in -

(A) Plastics and dyes (B) Fertilizers (C) Antacids (D) White washing

ANS : D

89. Acids gives -

(A) H+ in water (B) OH- in water (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) None of these

ANS : A

90. H2CO3 is a -

(A) strong acid (B) weak acid (C) strong base (D) weak base

ANS : B

91. A solution turns red litmus blue. Its pH is likely to be-

(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 7 (D) 10

ANS : D

92. If pH of any solution is equal to zero then solution will be-

(A) acidic (B) basic (C) neutral (D) none of these

ANS : A

93. Methyl orange is -

(A) an acidic indicator (B) a basic indicator (C) a neutral indicator (D) none of these

ANS : B

94. pH of Blood is-

(A) 6.4 (B) 7.4 (C) 4.7 (D) 6.4

ANS : B

95. If ph of solution is 13, means that it is-

(A) weakly acidic (B) weakly basic (C) strongly acidic (D) strongly basic

ANS : D

96. Which is a base and not an alkali ?

(A) NaOH (B) KOH (C) Fe(OH)3 (D) None is true

ANS : D
97. Energy released in neutralisation reaction which occurs between strong acid and strong base is-

(A)57.8 kJ (B) 57.1 kJ (C) hNO3 (D) H2C2O4

ANS : B

98. A solution has pH 9. On dilution the pH value

(A) decreases (B) increases (C) remain same (D) none of these

ANS : A

99. A salt derived from strong acid and weak base will dissolve in water to give a solution which is -

(A) acidic (B) basic (C) neutral (D) none of these

ANS : A

100. Materials used in the manufacture of bleaching powder are -

(A) lime stone and chlorine (B) quick lime and chlorine

(C) slaked lime and HCI (D) slaked lime and chlorine

ANS : D