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Class 10 Practical R in Series Exp 4

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170 views4 pages

Class 10 Practical R in Series Exp 4

Uploaded by

jb0338.kkb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Science Practical Class 10 Resistance In Series Experiment – 4

Aim
Experiment To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in
series.
Theory

● Resistance of a wire can be increased or decreased depending on its


combinations and connections in a circuit.
● Resistors are joined in the circuit in two different methods, i.e., in series and in
parallel.
● If two resistors named as R1 and R2 are joined end to end they are said to be
connected in series.

● In such a case the ammeter reading, i.e., current flowing through all two resistors
will be the same but the potential difference across each resistor will be different.
Hence, the total potential difference V is the combination of two different volts
obtained across each resistor.

.’. If R1 and R2 are connected in series,


R = R1+ R2
Where current I = constant
But potential difference V = V1 + V2
∴ On applying Ohm ’s law to the three resistors separately, we get

This proves that total resistance R for connection in series combination is:
R = R1 + R2

Materials Required

● Two resistors of different values for example,


R, = 1 Ω, R, = 2Ω.
● Battery of 6 volt.
● Ammeter, plug key, connecting wires, a piece of sand paper, voltmeter and
rheostat.

Procedure

● Make the connections according to the diagram given below.


● Do not ‘on’ the key.
● Connect ammeter in series and voltmeter in parallel and rheostat in series in the
circuit.
● Carefully check the +ve and -ve terminals of the battery, voltmeter and ammeter,
and the connections as shown in Fig. I.
● Record the ammeter reading and the voltmeter reading by inserting the key.
● By adjusting rheostat note three readings.
● Now connect voltmeter in parallel one by one to individual resistance as shown in
Fig. II and note down the readings.
● Plug the key. Measure the potential difference across the first resistor. Let it be
V1 .
● Similarly, measure the potential difference across the second resistor, separately.
Let the value be V2.
● Calculate the relationship between V, V1, and V2.
Observation Table For Resistance In Series

Resistor No. of Voltmeter Ammeter R=V/I(in Mean value


used observation reading in reading in ohm) of
volts(V) ampere(A) resistance
in ohm

Result

● The calculated value of Rs = R1 + R2 = ……….


● The experimental value of Rs = …………….
The above two values are close to each other.
Hence, Rs = R1 + R2 is verified.
Precautions

1. The connecting wires should be thick copper wires and the insulation of
their ends should be removed using the sandpaper.
2. Connections should be tight otherwise some external resistance may be
introduced in the circuit.
3. Connections should be made as per the circuit.
4. The ammeter should be connected in series with the resistor such that the
current enters at the positive terminal and leaves at the negative terminal of
the ammeter.
5. Voltmeter should always be connected in parallel to the resistor.
6. Calculate the least count of voltmeter and ammeter correctly.
7. The pointers of the ammeter and voltmeter should be at zero mark when no
current flows through the circuit.
8. Current should be passed through the circuit for a short time while taking
observations; otherwise a current would cause unnecessary heating in the
circuit. Heating may change the resistance of resistors.

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