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14 views

Sound 1

Uploaded by

mendoncapriya3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025

SOUND
Learning objectives
Students will be able to

 Explain the nature of sound as a mechanical wave, including its properties such as
frequency, wavelength, amplitude, and speed.

 Describe how sound is produced, including the role of vibrations in creating sound
waves.

 Analyze how sound travels through different media (solids, liquids, and gases) and
understand the factors that affect sound transmission.

 Explore how the human ear perceives sound, including concepts like pitch and
loudness.

 Differentiate between various sound characteristics

 Discuss real-life applications of sound, including technology (e.g., ultrasound,


sonar) and its effects in different environments.

1. How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in a medium reach your
ear ?

Ans. Air is the most common material through which sound propagates. When a
vibrating object like edges of tuning fork move forward, they push the molecules of
the air in front of them. This is turn compresses the air, thus creating a region of high
pressure and high density called compression. This compression in the air travels
forward. When the prongs of the tuning fork move backward, they create a region of
low pressure and low density in the air, commonly called rarefaction. As the tuning
fork continues to vibrates, it produces a series of successive compressions and
rarefactions in the air, thus, propagating sound through the air which finally reaches
our ears.

2. Why are sound waves called mechanical waves ?


Ans. The waves which require a medium for their propagation are called mechanical
waves. Sound waves also propagate through a medium because of the interaction of
the particles present in that medium. Sound waves force the medium particles to
vibrate. Hence, these waves are knownas mechanical waves.

3. Suppose you and your friend are on the moon. Will you be able to hear any
sound producedby your friend?
Ans. No, I will not be able to hear sound, because Moon has no atmosphere.
Therefore, no soundwaves can travel to my ears and therefore, no sound is heard.

4. Which wave property determines


(a)loudness (b) pitch ?

Ans. (a) The amplitude of the wave determines the loudness; more the
amplitude of a wave,more is the loudness produced.
(b) The pitch is determined by the frequency of the wave. Higher the
frequency of a wave, more is its pitch and shriller is the sound.

5. Guess which sound has a higher pitch: guitar or car horn ?

Ans. The frequency of vibration of a sound produced by a guitar is greater than


that produced by a car horn. Since the pitch of a sound is proportional to its
frequency, the guitar has a higher pitch than a car horn

6. What are wavelength, frequency, time period and amplitude of a sound wave ?

Ans. Wavelength : It is the distance between two consecutive compressions or


two consecutiverarefactions.
Frequency : The number of compressions or rarefactions taken together passing
through a pointin one second is called frequency.
Time Period : It is the time taken by two consecutive compressions or rarefactions
to crossa point.
Amplitude : It is the magnitude of maximum displacement of a vibrating particle
about itsmean position.

7. How are the wavelength and frequency of a sound wave related to its speed ?

Ans. Speed of sound = frequency × wavelength

8. A person is listening to a tone of 500 Hz sitting at a distance of 450 m from


the source ofthe sound. What is the time interval between successive
compressions from the source ?
Ans. The time interval between two successive compressions is equal to the time
period of the wave.
It has nothing to do with the distance (450 m) of the person from the source.

Time interval = = 2 × 10–3 s

9. Distinguish between loudness and intensity of sound.

Ans. Intensity is an objective property of the sound wave. In fact, it is related to the
square of the wave amplitude, and does not depend on the particular characteristics of
a person’s ears. The amount of sound energy passing each second through unit area is
called the intensity of sound.Loudness, on the other hand, is a subjective property of
the sound that depends on the human ear, the sensitivity of the ear to the frequency of
the sound, and the distance from the source of the sound. In other words, loudness
can be considered as the intensity of an audible sound

10. In which of the three media, air, water or iron, does sound travel the fastest
at a particulartemperature?

Ans. Sound travels the fastest in solids. Its speed decreases in liquids and it is the
slowest in gases.
Therefore, for a given temperature, sound travels fastest in iron

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