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Mid PCM Reviewer

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abcd09efgh12
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

Midterm Reviewer

CHAPTER 1:

COMMUNICATION
— came from the Latin word communis/ communicare which means "to share".

PURPOSE
— In Purposive Communication the main goal is to communicate with a purpose.

ENGLISH
— is a universal language
— use as a means of communication between people of one country to another
—Use as a medium of instruction in secondary and tertiary level

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
— It is a tool that human beings use to meet their physical, social, and emotional needs.
—If the communication climate is positive, the ideas are overflowing.
—Communication must be comfortable, easy and open.

DAVID BERLO
— David Berlo’s SMCR
Sender - (Encodes) - Message - Channel - (Decodes) - Receiver

THEORIES ABOUT LANGUAGE

1. Structuralist
— System
—Arbitrary
—Means of Communication
—Primarily Vocal (Speaking)

2. Cognitivist
—Mental Phenomenon
—Innate
—Acquired
—4 macro skills
(Listening and Speaking
Reading and Writing)

3. Functionalist
—To express
—To persuade
—to give or ask information
—to make someone do something

4. Behaviorist
—imitation
—repetition
—reinforcement
—positive reinforcement- add something beneficial
—negative reinforcement- remove something harmful.

5. Psycholinguistics
—The importance of schema.

CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION
Verbal
—Words carry meanings.
—Clear, concise and concrete
—Correct grammar and syntax

Non-Verbal

1. Paralinguistic
—variation in speech corresponding to patterns of loudness, pitch, rate

2. Kinesics
—facial expression, eye movements, gestures and bodily posture

3. Haptics
—use of touch to communicate

4. Proxemics
—use of interpersonal space

5. Chronemics
—how time is used is sometimes a message

6. Iconics
—objects or designs used

7. Dress and Appearance

REQUIREMENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE SPEECH COMMUNICATOR


—Understand the communication process
—Be aware and have positive attitudes toward himself, his audience, his message and
the entire speech process.
—Know how to construct his message
—Must have a speaking skills
—Know how to listen, to read and respond to feedback.

SPEECH ORGANS
—LUNG
—TRACHEA
—DIAPHRAGM
—LARYNX
—GLOTTIS
—VOCAL CORDS
—PHARYNX
—NASAL CAVITIES
—MOUTH ORAL CAVITIES

FIVE MAJOR PURPOSE


1. to express
2. to inform
3. to imagine
4. to influence
5. to meet social expectation

7C’s of Communication
1. Clear
2. Correct
3. Complete
4. Concrete (avoid misundertanding)
5. Concise (direct to the point)
6. Consideration (receiver’s opinion, knowledge, mindset, background, etc.)
7. Courteous (avoid being bias)

PRINCIPLE OF COMMUNICATION
1. The message sent is not necessarily the message received
2. It is impossible to not communicate
3. Every message has both content and feeling
4. Nonverbal cues are more believable than verbal cues

ETHICS
1. Right to freedom of expression
2. Universal access to information
3. Right to education
4. The right to privacy
5. The right to participate in cultural life.

CHAPTER 2:

GLOBALIZATION
—It is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies and
governments of different nations.

Role of Technology in Globalization


—It has been the principal driver of globalization
—It transformed economic life
—It opens economic opportunities, faster and more informed analyses of economic
trends, easy transfer of assets, and collaboration with far-flung partners.

Effects of Globalization on Global Communication


1. Increased Business Opportunities
2. Fewer Cultural Barriers
3. Creation of a Global Village

Communication Styles
1. Different Attitude towards Conflict
2. Different Approaches to Completing Tasks
3. Different Decision-making Styles
4. Different Attitudes toward Disclosure
5. Different Approaches to Knowing
6. Respecting our Differences and Working Together

Guidelines for multicultural collaboration


1. Cultural questions
2. Practice
3. Don’t assume
4. Listen actively and empathetically
5. Be prepared for a discussion of the past
6. Awareness of current power imbalances

10 tips for effective business communication


1. Know your audience
2. Know your message
3. Think like a reporter
4. Banish buzzwords and clichés
5. Junk the jargon
6. Keep it tight
7. Make it plain and simple
8. Leave the symbols and abbreviations on your phone
9. Get active
10. Proofread

CHAPTER 3:

Culture
—It is a system of values, beliefs and standards which guides our feelings,
thoughts and behavior
—It is a dynamic process which people use to make sense of their lives and the
behavior of other people

Intercultural vs. Multicultural Communication

Challenges in Multicultural Organization


● Direct vs. Indirect Communication
● Trouble with Accents and Fluency
● Different Attitudes toward Hierarchy and Authority
● Conflicting Norms for Decision

Cross-cultural Communication
—It is a field of study that looks at how people from different cultural backgrounds
communicate, in similar and different ways among themselves.

Aspect of Cross-cultural Communication


1. Time and Space
2. Fate and Personal Responsibility
3. Face and Face-saving
4. Non-verbal Communication

Importance of Intercultural Communication


1. Lacking in intercultural communication can lead to the insult of the culture and people
involved.
2. Intercultural differences also cause lack of trust between people as they differ in terms
of trust.
3. Materials used, architecture, clothing, cosmetics, etc. are different. Ex. Spoons and
chopsticks

Ways to manage intercultural Communication


1. Be carefully sensitive and aware
2. Gain knowledge of the culture you have to adapt
3. Think of what the other person will interpret before saying
4. Be aware of non-verbal cues you are giving
5. Listen, encode and decode carefully
6. Use pictures if you don’t know words to describe it
7. Avoid slang and local language
8. Get a feedback
9. Be observant
10. Be open-minded and tolerant
11. Respect others culture and people
12. Be resourceful
13. Don’t be ethnocentric and bigotry

CHAPTER 4:

Message
—is the verbal and nonverbal form of idea, thought, or feeling that one person (the
source) wishes to communicate to another person or group of people (the receivers)
—is the content of interaction
—It is an exchange of information using words
—You establish self-image on the way you communicate and what you will
communicate.
—Either you deliver positive, negative, or neutral messages, it will reflect on your
personality.

3 Purposes of Message
1. Informative Messages
2. Persuasive Messages
3. Goodwill Messages (appreciation, congratulations or positive feedback)

Types of Speech Content


1. Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal Communication
3. Public Communication
4. Mass Communication

Target Audience
—

Ways of Presenting Message


1. Electronic
2. Print
3. Face-to-face
4. Teleconference
5. Visual Aids (ppt.)

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