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General Chemistry - Sci-Investigation

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22 views2 pages

General Chemistry - Sci-Investigation

Uploaded by

Gerald Bajado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General Chemistry

Scenario
A chemist mixes 100 mL of 0.5 M sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) with 50 mL of 1.0 M sodium
hydroxide (NaOH). After the reaction, water and sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) are produced.

Question
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Calculate the number of moles of sodium
sulfate produced. What is the limiting reactant?

Rubrics
Criteria Percentage Overall Description

The answer includes a clear and accurate balanced chemical


Balanced Chemical
30% equation. Proper use of stoichiometry is demonstrated, and
Equation
chemical species and states of matter are correctly identified.

Correctly identifies the limiting reactant based on mole


Identification of
30% calculations, and demonstrates a clear understanding of
Limiting Reactant
stoichiometric ratios from the balanced chemical equation.

Shows accurate and precise calculations of the number of moles


Calculation of for each reactant and the product. The explanation includes all
20%
Moles relevant steps, such as applying concentration and volume
relationships to find the moles.

Clarity and The solution is organized, clear, and easy to follow. Concepts such
Structure of the 20% as limiting reactants, moles, and stoichiometry are well-explained
Explanation in a logical progression, with no missing steps in the calculations.

Solution
Balanced Chemical Equation

The reaction between sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is:
H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq)  Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

Calculating Moles of Reactants


Moles of H₂SO₄
Given
V H SO = 100mL = 0.100 L
2 4

H2SO4 = 0.5 mol/L


Solution
0.5 mol
Mol H SO = x 0.100 L=0.050 mol
2
L
4

Moles of NaOH
Given
V NaOH = 50 mL = 0.050 L
NaOH = 1.0 mol/L
Solution
1 mol
Mol H SO = x 0.050 L=0.050 mol
2
L 4

Determining the Limiting Reactant


The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of H₂SO₄ reacts with 2 moles of NaOH.

0.050 mol of H2SO4 would need:


2 mol NaOH
0.050 mol H 2 SO 4
x =0.100 mol of NaOH
1 mol H SO
2 4

Since we only have 0.050 mol NaOH available, NaOH is the limiting reactant.

Calculating Moles of Na2SO4 Produced


From the balanced equation, 2 moles of NaOH produce 1 mole of Na₂SO₄. Therefore:
0.050 mol NaOH
Mol Na SO = =0.025 mol Na SO
2 4
2 2 4

Answer

Balanced Equation: H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq)  Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Moles of Sodium Sulfate Produced: 0.025 mol
Limiting Reactant: Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH).

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