WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS Earth Science Grade 11, Quarter 2, Week 5A

STRATIFIED ROCKS

Learning Competency:

Describe how layers of rocks (stratified rocks) are formed (S11ES-IIh-35)

Specific Objectives:
1. Demonstrate the processes on how stratified rocks are formed.
2. Identify and discuss the processes of sedimentary layering.

Key Concepts

• Rocks - any naturally occurring solid mass or an aggregate of one or more

minerals.
• Strata - referring to rock layers.
• Stratification - general term for layering in sedimentary rocks. The layering
that occurs in most sedimentary rocks. Each stratum contains certain rock type
and may also enclose fossils.

• A layer is a three dimensional feature (not simply lines on the surface of the
rock) common in sedimentary rocks. Each bed or layer is bounded at the
bottom and top by normally planar surfaces (bedding planes).

• Each bed or layer represents an interval of time or a depositional event.

Processes on How Layers of Rocks are Formed

Figure 1: Sedimentary processes, namely weathering, erosion, transport, deposition, and

lithification. (Image Source:http://www.indiana.edu/~g103/theinteractiveearth/5
-
Sedimentary%20Rocks/erostranspdep.jpg)

Author: Archie D. Cawaling

School/Station: San Isidro National High School
Division: Siargao Division
email address: [email protected]
1. Weathering - the breakdown of rocks at
the surface by action of rain, extremes of
temperature and biological activity.

2. Erosion or Displacement of Soil –

the geological process in
which earthen materials are worn away
and transported by natural forces such
as wind and water.

3. Transport – is the movement of

sediments from one place to another.
Agents that eroded the sediments from
their source may still be the agent that
will transport them (e.g. water flowing
in the river). The
process of transportation
enhances the effects of weathering
making the sediments smaller in size.

4. Deposition – is the settling of the

sediments in an area before they are
finally lithified to form sedimentary
rocks. Deposition occurs when the
energy of the medium/agent is no
longer capable of transporting the
sediments. Figure 2:Weathering, erosion, and deposition are processes that act together to wear down
and build up the Earth's surface. Image
Source:https://clarkscience8.weebly.com/weathering-erosion-deposition.html

5. Diagenesis – is the group of process

responsible for the transformation of sediments into sedimentary rocks. Processes
include compaction, cementation, lithification. The main goal of diagenesis is to end up
with the sediments together as an individual sedimentary rock. Diagenetic process
progresses as soon as the sediments are deposited and successive batches of
sediments overlay previous ones.

Activity 1: Do It Yourself Rock Layering

Objective: Demonstrate the processes on how stratified rocks are formed

What you need: Materials Needed:

 Mixture of sand and rounded pebbles
 Pure sand
 Fine grain clay
 Mixture of sand and soil
 Mixture of sand, pebbles and wood fragments
 Mixture of sand and marine shells
 Transparent glass/transparent plastic bottle
Key Points: Rock layering is most obvious feature of sedimentary rocks.
They are formed particle by particle and bed by bed, and are piled one on
top of the other.

Author: Archie D. Cawaling

School/Station: San Isidro National High School
Division: Siargao Division
email address: [email protected]
 What to do: Procedure:
1. Make your DIY (Do-It-Yourself) rock layering using those materials above.
Arrange them according to basic sequence (from bottom to top).
2. Take a picture or draw/illustrate of your step by step DIY rock layering and the
finished output. Label them according to important composition.
3. After you have done this activity, enjoy sharing your own model to your social
media account. Then, do not forget to answer the learning insight questions
below. Submit the required output as requested by your teacher.

Guide Questions:

1. Describe how you design your DIY rock layering?

2. What are the possible materials or compositions of rock strata?
3. If given the chance to choose the materials to use in layering of rocks,
what should it be and why?

Scoring Rubrics for Do It Yourself Rock Layering

Criteria
4 – Exemplary 3 - Accomplished 2 – Developing 1 - Beginning

Organization &
Extremely well
Presentation
organized structure Organized structure Not so organized Poorly organized
and presentation of and presentation of structure and structure and
concept is concept flows presentation of presentation of
compelling and smoothly concept concept
flows smoothly

Output & Visual Contributed and

Contributed and Contributed and
Appeal showed Contributed little
showed great effort
exceptional effort showed fair effort effort to meet the
to meet the
beyond to meet the desirable
expectation and
expectations with expectation and expectation and
creativity is
imaginative and little creativity used no originality.
acceptable
original

Activity 2: Causes and Effect

Objective: Identify and discuss the processes of sedimentary layering.

What you need: sheet of paper, pen and pencil

What to do: Copy the diagram in a separate sheet of paper.

Guide Questions:

1. Identify and write the sedimentary processes that are involved in the stratification of
rocks on the box provided.

Author: Archie D. Cawaling

School/Station: San Isidro National High School
Division: Siargao Division
email address: [email protected]
 Stratification of
Rocks

2. After completing the diagram, discuss the sedimentary processes that involve in the
stratification of rocks.

Scoring Rubrics for Activity 2, Question 1

Students comprehensively discuss and demonstrate strong

10 points
understanding of the concepts and have no misconceptions
Students comprehensively discuss and demonstrate good
8 points
understanding of the concepts but with minimal misconception
Students comprehensively discuss and demonstrate some
6 points
understanding of the concepts but with misconception
Students comprehensively discuss and demonstrate limited
4 points
understanding of the concepts but with many misconceptions
0 point Students unable to offer any explanation

Reflection

Sediments are solid materials that are

moved and deposited in a new location.
Sediment can consist of rocks and minerals
and some other organic materials. Rock
sediments are also used as materials for
building roads and other establishments. In
fact, restaurants, coffee shops and even in
homes, sediments are used as water filter
(see figure 5). Reflecting on this, do you think
sediment filter helps enhance the water
quality? Why? (Answer in 5 sentences only)

Figure 3: https://tinyurl.com/y6xw54mj

Scoring Rubrics for Reflection

Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, and

8 points
has no misconception

Author: Archie D. Cawaling

School/Station: San Isidro National High School
Division: Siargao Division
email address: [email protected]
 Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but
6 points
with minimal misconception
Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but
4 points
with misconception
Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but
2 points
with many misconceptions
0 point Unable to offer any explanation

References for learners:

Guzman, R.M. et. al., 2016. Earth and Life Science. Quezon City: Vibal Group Inc. pp. 334-338

Teaching Guide for Senior High School: Earth Science pp. 305-315

Do It Yourself Rock Layering: DepEd Cagayan de Oro City Division. "Senior High School -
Google Drive." Bitly | Custom URL Shortener, Link Management & Branded Links.
Accessed November 3, 2020. https://bit.ly/3dF9Kdb.

Image Source:

Clear-Matterhorn-Countertop-Water-Filters: https://tinyurl.com/y6xw54mj

Sedimentary Processes: http://www.indiana.edu/~g103/theinteractiveearth/5Sedimentary

%20Rocks/erostranspdep.jpg

Weathering-Erosion-Deposition: https://clarkscience8.weebly.com/weathering-
erosiondeposition.html

Author: Archie D. Cawaling

School/Station: San Isidro National High School
Division: Siargao Division
email address: [email protected]