ASSIGNMENT 1

Anas Bin Mamode Aniff (BIB)

012024090070

Azri Bin Rasidulakmar (BIB)

012024091644

Thanusha Krishna A/P Krishna

Rao (BETR) MATRIC 012024091846
NAME
NO.

Tanish A/L Tanabalasingam

(BIB) 012024092207

Samia Rahman Athoy (BIM)

012024091644

SUBJECT
CODE BIT20303/FIT20303

PROGRAMME
BIB-BIM-BETR SEMESTER SEPTEMBER2024

DATE OF SUBMISSION
11/10/2024 (HARDCOPY REPORT - DURING CLASS)

LECTURER
MADAM NORDIANA JAMALUDIN

Student Student Student Student Student

1 2 3 4 5

1|Page
PART 1Transaction Processing System Report (100
marks) – 20%

PART 2 Individual Portfolio (100 marks) – 10%

This assignment, students will be able to:

CLO1 Differentiate the processes of developing and implementing information systems. (C2, PLO1)

Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..............................................................................................................................3
1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Definition of system:.....................................................................................................................4
1.2 Definition of Information System:.................................................................................................4
1.3 Definition of Transaction processing system:................................................................................4
LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEM:....................................................................................................5
TUNKU AZIZAH KNOWLEDGE CENTRE OVERVIEW:...............................................................5
2. LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEM AS TRANSACTION PROCESS......................................6
2.1 SYSTEM ELEMENTS:..............................................................................................................6
2.2 INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS:..........................................................................8
2.2.1 Data...................................................................................................................................................8
2.2.2 People................................................................................................................................................9
2.2.3 Hardware.......................................................................................................................................11
2.2.4 Software..........................................................................................................................................11
2.2.5 Procedures......................................................................................................................................11
2.2.5 Feedback........................................................................................................................................12
3. SCREENSHOT AND EXPLANATION OF THE SYSTEM..............................................................13
4. DISCUSSION.........................................................................................................................................14
4.1 Importance of Library Information Systems in Organizations:..........................................................14
4.2 Challenges and Solutions in Implementing Library Information Systems:........................................14
5. CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................15
References:...................................................................................................................................................16
RUBRIC: REPORT......................................................................................................................................17

2|Page
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.

We would like to extend our deepest appreciation to our beloved lecturer, Madam Diana, whose
invaluable guidance, support, and encouragement have been instrumental in the successful completion
of this assignment. Her insights and constructive feedback pushed us to think critically and approach
the topic from multiple perspectives. We are truly grateful for her dedication, patience, and
willingness to share her knowledge, which has greatly enhanced our understanding of the subject
matter.

We would also like to express our heartfelt thanks to our group members, Anas, Thanusha, Tanish,
Samia and Azri for their hard work, commitment, and cooperation throughout this project. Each
member contributed unique ideas and skills, which allowed us to collaborate effectively and produce a
comprehensive and well-rounded assignment. The spirit of teamwork, mutual respect, and shared
responsibility helped us overcome challenges and meet our deadlines.

In addition, we are thankful to our institution for providing the necessary resources and learning
environment that enabled us to conduct our research and complete this project.

Thank you all for being part of this rewarding experience.

3|Page
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Definition of system:

A system can be characterized as a collection of interconnected components that collaborate
to accomplish a particular objective (Kast & Rosenweig, 1972). These components may
appear in the form of tangible items like equipment and tools, or intangible concepts like
procedures and methodologies. Boundaries, inputs, outputs, and feedback mechanisms that
support equilibrium maintenance and environmental change adaptation are characteristics of
systems (Checkland, 1999). A business system in a corporate environment, for instance, could
consist of operations, finance, and human resources, all of which collaborate to increase
efficiency and production. Systems theory states that because of these components'
interaction, emergent behaviours result that cannot be comprehended by looking at the
individual aspects independently (Meadows, 2008).

1.2 Definition of Information System:

For the purpose of to support company goals and decision-making processes, an information
system consists of personnel, technology, and processes that amass, process, store, and
transmit information (Laudon & Laudon, 2018). Information Science combines data and
technology to convert raw data into insightful findings. Effective information systems are
essential for operational efficiency and competitive advantage, as described by Stair and
Reynolds (2019). They enable businesses to evaluate trends, predict demand, and enhance
customer service. In accordance with O'Brien and Marakas (2011), there are multiple types of
information systems, such as Decision Support Systems, Management Information Systems,
and Transaction Processing Systems, each with particular tasks and roles inside the business.

1.3 Definition of Transaction processing system:

An organization's everyday activities exert data about transactions, which is captured,
processed, and stored by a specialized information system termed a Transaction Processing
System (Murdick et al., 2013). When coordinating high volumes of operations, which can
include anything from purchasing and selling to customer interactions, TPS is crucial for
retaining reliability and precision. TPS's ability to automate repetitive operations, lower
mistake rates, and supply real-time data for operational decision-making underscores how
crucial they are (Stair & Reynolds, 2019). Furthermore, by ensuring accurate and quick
transaction processing, a well-designed TPS enhances consumer satisfaction (Laudon &
Laudon, 2018). Point-of-sale systems utilized in shops and online banking systems that enable
secure financial transactions are two examples of the aforementioned system.

4|Page
LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEM:
A Library Information System is a software-based system aimed at simplifying the administration and
structuring of library resources and services. It has an array of functions that make libraries run more
efficiently, including circulation, acquisitions, cataloguing, serials administration, and user
management (Hernandez, 2020). Libraries may enhance user accessibility to academic resources,
automate routine tasks, and manage materials more effectively with the assistance of the system. LIS
is essential to libraries' ability to adapt to new technological advances and user expectations as the
information delivery landscape changes. This helps to ensure that knowledge and information are
spread seamlessly. (McCarthy & Kelly, 2018).

TUNKU AZIZAH KNOWLEDGE CENTRE OVERVIEW:

Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) is home to the renowned Tunku Azizah Knowledge Centre
(TAKC), a library that was founded to support staff and student academic pursuits while interacting
with the community in general. With access to a wide range of resources, such as databases, e-books,
and journals, this comprehensive knowledge centre guarantees that users have what they need for
effective study and research. By offering a variety of crucial services, like interlibrary loans, research
support, and document delivery services, all intended to promote academic development and
knowledge sharing, TAKC significantly boosts the visibility of scholarly work and its impact. As part

5|Page
of its mission to advance education and literacy across Malaysia, the centre vigorously promotes
educational programs including book drives that promote literature access and literacy. Also, TAKC
places a high priority on accessibility to its physical and digital collections, providing educators,
students, and the community at large with important resources. Enhancing educational possibilities
and cultivating a culture of learning, TAKC is committed to increasing educational opportunities
while facilitating various social and educational initiatives for those in need. This is further evidenced
by the scholarships it offers through its cooperation with the Yayasan UniKL (UniKL Foundation).

2. LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEM AS

TRANSACTION PROCESS
2.1 SYSTEM ELEMENTS:

A Library Information System (LIS) serves as a crucial Transaction Processing System (TPS) for
managing the everyday operations of a library, including tasks such as book checkouts, returns, and
reservations. This system relies on several core elements that work harmoniously to facilitate efficient
and seamless transaction processing. The input element encompasses all the data entered into the
system, including patron information such as IDs, names, and membership details, as well as book-
related details such as ISBNs, titles, authors, and transaction data associated with check-ins,
checkouts, renewals, and reservations.

6|Page
Upon inputting the data, the processing element takes on the responsibility of managing and updating
this information. This includes a range of tasks such as adjusting book availability, recording
transactions, calculating overdue fines, and overseeing book reservations. The system delivers output
in various formats, including updated library catalogs that display available books, notifications sent
to patrons about due dates or fines, and reports created for library administrators to analyze
transactions and efficiently manage inventory.

The feedback element is absolutely crucial for maintaining the accuracy and reliability of the system.
It encompasses system alerts for potential errors, responses from patrons regarding notifications, and
detailed reports provided to librarians on any encountered issues. Additionally, robust control
mechanisms are in place to uphold the system's integrity and security, including user authentication
for secure access, data validation for accurate information input, and backup protocols to safeguard
patron data and library records. Together, these essential elements ensure that the Library Information
System operates efficiently as a transaction processing system, effectively managing the library's day-
to-day activities securely and reliably.

7|Page
 2.2 INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS:

2.2.1 Data
Tunku Azizah Information Centre (TAKC) library, the information parts of its data framework
incorporate a few key classifications, which support the library's general administration and client
administrations:

1. Bibliographic Data:

Data on the library's assortment of books, diaries, magazines, including subtleties like titles, writers,
ISBNs, distribution years, and subjects.

Digital Resources: The library buys into major electronic data sets offering digital books, e-diaries,
and reference files. These assets are gotten to through the library's site, giving understudies and
specialists thorough scholastic substance.

FIGER1: E-RESOURCES

2. Benefactor Data:

Member information: TAKC keeps point by point records of enrolled clients (understudies, personnel,
staff), including their library card numbers, individual data, and acquiring history.

8|Page
 FIGER2: MEMBER FOR LIBRARY ORGANIZATION

3. Circulation and Transaction Data:

Credit and Bring Information back: Records on books given, materials returned, late fines, and client
reservations.

FIGER3: LOAN AND RETURN DATA

This data is critical for dealing with the everyday tasks of TAKC, further developing client
experience, and guaranteeing productive asset designation and use. For additional subtleties, you can
visit the.

2.2.2 People

9|Page
With regards to the Tunku Azizah Information Center (TAKC) at Universiti Kuala Lumpur,
"individuals" part of its data framework incorporates a few key jobs that add to the library's tasks and
administrations. These people guarantee smooth usefulness, oversee assets, and backing clients really.
Key faculty include:

1. Librarians and Staff: The curators and regulatory staff at TAKC assume a basic part in
overseeing assets, helping clients, and keeping up with the library's computerized and actual
assortments. They are answerable for regulating getting processes, interlibrary advances, and
client support across different intellectual and managerial capabilities. TAKC additionally
gives archive conveyance administrations, guaranteeing that both inner and outer users can
get to materials not accessible in their assortment.

FIGER4: LIBRARIAN, MANAGER AND OTHER

2. Users: The clients of TAKC comprise of understudies (both undergrad and postgraduate),
instructors (full-time and parttime), and regulatory staff. Each gathering has explicit acquiring
honors and terms for books and materials. The library works with admittance to a large
number of scholarly assets through both physical and computerized means to help picking up,
educating, and researching.

FIGURE5: USER GUIDE FOR EASY USE

3. IT Backing and Management: The administration of TAKC's data framework additionally

incorporates IT experts who keep up with the library's innovative foundation. This
incorporates data set directors, frameworks experts, and IT security officials who oversee
online entrances like RemoteXs and other computerized assets to guarantee consistent access
for clients. The IT group likewise guarantees information security and framework
effectiveness, supporting the library's objective of giving a hearty, easy to understand
computerized climate.

10 | P a g e
 FIGURE6: IT SUPPORT AND MANAGEMENT

This blend of HR is essential to the fruitful administration and activity of the library's data
frameworks, supporting both nearby and far off clients.

2.2.3 Hardware
The hardware parts of the Tunku Azizah Information Center (TAKC) at Universiti Kuala Lumpur
assume a vital part in its library data framework. The library is furnished with computerized assets
like e-diaries and digital books, through stages, for example, PressReader, which offers a wide scope
of e-papers and e-magazines. TAKC additionally uses a coordinated library framework (ILS), which
incorporates PCs, servers, and other computerized gadgets that work with indexing, course, and
admittance to advanced assortments.

Also, the library gives high velocity web access and has work stations for understudies and staff to get
to scholarly assets. TAKC further backings research perceivability through its frameworks, giving
admittance to institutional storehouses and open-access resources. This foundation guarantees
consistent admittance to different learning instruments and improves the general computerized insight
for users. https://library.unikl.edu.my/

2.2.4 Software
The software of the Tunku Azizah Information Center (TAKC) at Universiti Kuala Lumpur are basic
in working with admittance to its advanced assets. TAKC gives an assortment of programming
instruments to deal with its library data framework, including the coordinated library framework (ILS)
which handles undertakings, for example, indexing, flow, and the board of computerized assets like
digital books and e-diaries. Admittance to these assets is smoothed out through stages like RemoteXs,
empowering clients to associate with different internet based data sets utilizing their college
qualifications.

The library likewise uses open-access stages like Springer, Oxford, and ScienceDirect to guarantee
scientists and understudies approach many scholastic distributions. Additionally, PressReader
programming is utilized to offer admittance to north of 7,000 e-papers and e-magazines, upgrading
the computerized library's contributions. These product frameworks cooperate to give consistent
admittance to learning assets, further advancing scholastic accomplishment at UniKL.

11 | P a g e
2.2.5 Procedures
The methods at the Tunku Azizah Information Center (TAKC) center around guaranteeing proficient
administration of its assets and administrations. Key techniques incorporate client enlistment, which
empowers understudies and staff to get to both physical and computerized assortments. Furthermore,
the library utilizes stages like RemoteXs for secure remote admittance to e-assets. Methods for
indexing and flow are smoothed out utilizing an incorporated library framework (ILS), while research
perceivability is improved through organized admittance to institutional stores and open-access
materials, advancing simplicity of asset disclosure.

FIGURE7: THE LIBRARY UTILIZE STAGE LIKE RemoteXs

2.2.5 Feedback
The feedback of the Tunku Azizah Information Centre (TAKC) at University Kuala Lumpur is
fundamental for evaluating and further developing client experience and administrations. Input is
fundamentally gathered through direct client associations, studies, and online criticism structures. The
library effectively looks for client contributions to upgrade its computerized stages, admittance to
online diaries, and the accessibility of e-assets like PressReader. This persistent criticism circle helps
in recognizing issues, refining administrations, and guaranteeing that the two understudies and staff
have ideal admittance to scholastic materials and advanced apparatuses.

Furthermore, input is utilized to measure the viability of institutional vaults and other advanced assets
that help scholastic perceivability and examination yield. These appraisals assist the library with
keeping up with significance in its contributions and remain lined up with the clients' advancing
scholarly necessities.

12 | P a g e
3. SCREENSHOT AND EXPLANATION OF THE
SYSTEM

13 | P a g e
4. DISCUSSION
4.1 Importance of Library Information Systems in Organizations:
Library information systems are vital to organizations, including institutions like the UniKL Tunku
Azizah Knowledge Center, because they enhance the efficiency of managing and accessing
information. These systems streamline the processes of cataloguing, storing, and retrieving
information, making it easier for users to find the resources they need quickly. This improved
accessibility not only supports research and learning but also boosts productivity by reducing the time
spent searching for information. Furthermore, library information systems facilitate effective
knowledge management within organizations. By providing a centralized platform, these systems
enable the seamless sharing of information across departments and among employees. This is
particularly beneficial in fostering a culture of continuous learning and collaboration, as it ensures that
all members of the organization have access to the latest information and research findings. This
collaborative environment can lead to innovation and improved problem-solving capabilities.

Additionally, library information systems help in preserving valuable organizational knowledge. They
maintain comprehensive records of historical data, research outputs, and other intellectual assets,
ensuring that important information is not lost over time. This is especially critical in academic and
research institutions like UniKL Tunku Azizah Knowledge Center, where the continuity of knowledge
is essential for ongoing research and education. By systematically archiving and managing
information, these systems safeguard the institution's intellectual capital for future generations.

4.2 Challenges and Solutions in Implementing Library Information

Systems:
Implementing library information systems at the UniKL Tunku Azizah Knowledge Center, or any
organization, comes with several challenges. One major challenge is the financial cost associated with
the initial setup, which includes purchasing hardware, software, and providing training for staff. These
expenses can be significant, and securing the necessary budget can be difficult, especially in
educational institutions with limited funding. To address this, it's important to highlight the long-term
benefits and cost savings that can be achieved through increased efficiency and better resource
management.

Technological challenges also play a significant role in the implementation process. Integrating new
library information systems with existing technological infrastructure can be complex and may
require specialized technical expertise. Issues such as data migration, system compatibility, and the
need for ongoing maintenance and updates can arise. To overcome these challenges, it's essential to
involve IT professionals with experience in library systems and to choose scalable, flexible solutions

14 | P a g e
that can adapt to the institution’s evolving needs. Providing thorough training for staff members
ensures they are capable of effectively using and maintaining the new systems.

Resistance to change is another common challenge when implementing library information systems.
Staff members who are accustomed to traditional methods may be hesitant to adopt new technologies,
fearing that they will be difficult to use or that their roles may be impacted. Overcoming this
resistance requires clear communication about the benefits of the new systems, involving staff in the
planning and implementation process, and offering continuous support and training. By creating a
positive attitude towards the new systems and demonstrating their value, organizations can encourage
staff to embrace the change and ensure a smooth transition.

5. CONCLUSION

15 | P a g e
References:
1) Bywater, S., & Hughes, H. (2017). Koha: The First Open-Source Library Management
System. Library Technology Reports, 53(4), 1-15.
2) Checkland, P. (1999). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Chichester: Wiley.
3) Ghaleb, B., & Alsaadi, T. (2021). The Impact of KOHA on Library Services: A Study of
University Libraries. Library Philosophy and Practice, 1-16.
4) Jeyashree, K., & Palani, S. (2021). Digital Libraries and Open-Source Software: A Study of
KOHA. Journal of Library & Information Technology, 41(4), 215-221.
5) Kast, F. E., & Rosenweig, M. R. (1972). General Systems Theory: Applications for
Organization and Management. Journal of Operations Research Society, 23(4), 356-367.
6) Kumar, P., & Rani, A. (2020). Impact of Library Automation on Services in Academic
Libraries: A Study of KOHA Users. International Journal of Information Science and
Management, 18(1), 17-28.
7) Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2018). Management Information Systems: Managing the
Digital Firm. Pearson.
8) Luo, L. (2019). Adoption of Open-Source Library Management Systems: A Review. Library
Management, 40(8-9), 569-583.
9) Meadows, D. H. (2008). Thinking in Systems: A Primer. Chelsea Green Publishing.
10) Murdick, R. G., Ross, J. E., & Claggett, J. R. (2013). Information Systems for Management.
Wiley.
11) O’Brien, J. A., & Marakas, G. M. (2011). Management Information Systems. McGraw-Hill.
12) Stair, R., & Reynolds, G. (2019). Principles of Information Systems. Cengage Learning.

16 | P a g e
RUBRIC: REPORT

CRITERIA EXCELLENT GOOD MODERATE NEED MARKS

IMPROVEMENT
4 3 2
1

Introduction Clear and Clear and Unclear Want or unmet

engaging engaging description of a need is not
10% description of a description of a want or unmet described at all.
want or unmet want or unmet need in the Missing
need in the need in the market. information and/or
market using market. Most of the no abstract.
data to support All required required
claims information. information,
Introduction is abstract is
All required well-written. uninformative.
information,
detailed and
informative
abstract.

Content Content Content indicates Content indicates Shows some

indicates original thinking thinking and thinking and
50% synthesis of and develops ideas reasoning applied reasoning but most
ideas, in depth with sufficient and with original ideas are
analysis, clear firm evidence with thought on a few underdeveloped
and evidences original thought ideas. Presents and unoriginal.
original thought and support. central idea in Thesis may be too
and support. Clearly states a general terms, vague or obvious to
Central thesis/central idea, often depending be developed
idea/thesis is but may have on platitudes or effectively. Paper
clearly minor lapses in cliches. Usually may misunderstand
communicated, development. does not sources.
worth Begins to acknowledge other
developing; acknowledge the views. Shows
limited enough complexity of basic
to be central idea and comprehension of
manageable. the possibility of sources, perhaps
Paper other points of with lapses in
recognizes some view. Shows understanding. If
complexity of careful reading of it defines terms,
its thesis: may sources, but may often depends on
acknowledge its not evaluate them dictionary
contradictions, critically.

17 | P a g e
 qualifications, Attempts to define definitions.
or limits and terms, not always
follow out their successfully
logical
implications.

Understands
and critically
evaluates its
sources,
appropriately
limits and
defines terms.

Conclusion So clear and Clear, clearly Includes ideas not Not stated, includes
complete as to follow report already discussed ideas not already
15% enhance impact discussion, in paper, some discussed in report
of report meaningful recommendations
recommendations not supported in
document

Organization Proper Proper formatting Some formatting Multiple formatting

formatting, with labelled errors or missing errors or missing
15% sections clearly sections. sections sections.
labelled, well-
organized, Shows a logical May list ideas or No appreciable
professional progression of arrange them organization; lacks
style. ideas and uses randomly rather transitions and
fairly than using any coherence.
Uses a logical sophisticated evident logical
structure transitional structure. May use 600-799
appropriate to devices; e.g., may transitions, but
paper's subject, move from least to they are likely to
purpose, more important be sequential
audience, thesis, idea. Some logical (first, second,
and disciplinary links may be third) rather than
field. faulty, but each logic-based. While
Sophisticated paragraph clearly each paragraph
transitional relates to paper's may relate to
sentences often central idea. central idea, logic
develop one is not always
idea from the clear. Paragraphs
previous one or 1000 - 1499 have topic
identify their sentences but may
logical be overly general,
relations. It and arrangement
guides the of sentences
reader through within paragraphs
the chain of may lack
reasoning or coherence.
progression of
ideas. 800-999

1500

References Multiple References limited References sparse, No appropriate

references, or a few missed poor formatting references
10% citations citations, format
appropriately mostly correct. Fewer than 3
placed, current sources or
formatted fewer than 2 of 4

18 | P a g e
correctly. 4 current sources, are peer-reviewed
of which at least 2 journal articles or
More than 4 are peer-review scholarly books.
current sources, journal articles or All web sites
of which at least scholarly books. utilized are
3 are peer- All web sites credible.
review journal utilized are
articles or authoritative.
scholarly books.
Sources include
both general
background
sources and
specialized
sources.
Special-interest
sources and
popular
literature are
acknowledged
as such if they
are cited.

All web sites

utilized are
authoritative.

TOTAL

19 | P a g e