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EDexperiment 7 by Akram

Drive exp talk about dc motors

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10 views

EDexperiment 7 by Akram

Drive exp talk about dc motors

Uploaded by

akramalsadeq149
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

AL -Balqa Applied University

Faculty of Engineering Technology


Mechatronics Engineering Department
Electric Drive Laboratory
Course Number: 30103473
Experiment # 7

Title: Automatic Starting, Braking and Reversing of DC


Motors using Time Principle

Student’s Name:
Supervisor:
Submission Date:
1. Experiment Objectives:
 Studying and identifying the workbench components.
 Performing electrical diagrams wiring of separately excited dc motor
for:
A- Indirect starting in one step using TON timer and mechanical braking.
B- Direct starting and dynamic braking using TON timer.
C- Automatic reversing using single-contact push buttons, double- contact push
buttons and TON timers.

2. Prelab Activities
Activity 1: Read the lecture notes

Activity 2: draw the predicted characteristics (mechanical and electromechanical

Warning
You should not exceed the current values of 1.5 amber
Volt = 220 V / 380 V Star / Delta
Current = 4.5 A/2.5 A
Speed = 1450 rpm

3. Theoretical background
Starting as a function of time

Time Delay on timer

Time Delay off timer


Vf
k2 k1
M
+ -
R2 R1

T2

start
stop M

M T1

T1
k1

T2
k2

Fig. ( 5 )

T1 ,T2 - delay off timers .

Two steps of starting :

By connecting circuit with DC supply

1) Timer T1 opens contact T1 in the rung of k1 immediately .


2) By pressing P.B start , main contactor M energizes then changes it's
contacts in the power and control circuit .
Motor starts with all resistances R1 , R2 , R3  connected in the power circuit, timer
T2 energizes , open contact T2 in the rung of k 2 , at the same time timer T1 was
disconnected and after a specified time, timer T1 releases its contact T1 to let the
current pass to the contactor k1 .
Contactor k1 closes it's contact in the power circuit to short the timer T2 and
resistor R1 , after a certain time , timer T2 ,releases its contact in the rung of
contactor k 2 . Contactor k 2 will be energized to short the resistor R2 ,and motor
will continue running at N C .

T1

T2

TL

k2

k1

t1 t2 t

Fig. ( 6 ) – Dynamic Characteristics

Rheostatic or Dynamic Braking:


In this method, the armature of the shunt motor is disconnected from
the supply and is connected across a variable resistance R. The field
winding is left connected across the supply. The braking effect is
controlled by varying the series resistance R. Obviously, this method
makes use of generator action in a motor to bring it to rest.
𝐸𝑎 𝐸𝑎
∴ 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑑𝑦𝑛. = ⇒ 𝑅𝑑𝑦𝑛. = − 𝑅𝑎
𝐼𝑎 𝐼𝑎

Ra Rdyn1 Rdyn 2 Rdyn3


N

TN T

Fig. ( 6 )

* Advantages:
1) Soft braking.
2) Low slope of mechanical Characteristic.
3) Economic.
4) Reliability.
5) Simple circuit.

* Disadvantages:
1) The stopping torque is not fixed and depends on the motor speed .
2) No braking if the field is switched out of the live.

* Applications:
1) Accurate stopping.
2) Non reversible drive.

DC motors reversing

Satisfying by one of two methods:

1. Reversing the polarity of field circuit


2. Reversing the polarity of the armature circuit
+ -

Rst

+ Vf -

Fig. ( 1 )
‫)‪Fig.(2‬‬

‫في الربع االول‬

‫𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤𝑟𝑜𝑓 ⇔ 𝑎𝑅 𝑎𝐼 ‪𝑉𝑎 = 𝐸𝑎 +‬‬

‫في الربع الثاني‬

‫‪−𝑉𝑎 − 𝐸𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑅Σ‬‬

‫‪Where, R∑ = Ra+Radd‬‬
𝑉𝑎 +𝐸𝑎
𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑏𝑟 = − , Tbr=KTφnIbr
𝑅Σ

Where, Tbr is braking torque

‫في الربع الثالث‬

−𝑉𝑎 + 𝐸𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑅Σ ,

−𝑉𝑎 + 𝐸𝑎
𝐼𝑎 = , 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑅Σ

‫في الربع الرابع‬

𝑉𝑎 + 𝐸𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑅Σ
𝑉𝑇 + 𝐸𝑎
∴ 𝐼𝑎 =
𝑅Σ

4. Equipment
Collect all devices that you may need for investigation of the motor characteristics

5. Experimental Setup
Electric Motors Automatic Control Workbench

6. Experiment procedures
1-Studying and identifying the workbench components
A- Plot the experiment block-diagram or schematic diagram showing the main components

B- Write down the specifications and parameters of each component


2- Performing electrical diagrams wiring of separately excited dc motor for:
A- Indirect starting in one step using TON timer and mechanical braking.

I- Construct the power circuit and control circuit

II- Calculate the added resistance value and indirect starting time.
III. Explain the operation principle and plot static and dynamic characteristics.

VI- Perform the electrical diagram wiring, run the experiment and watch the
sequence of operation.

B- Direct starting and dynamic braking using TON timer.


I- Construct the power circuit and control circuit
II- Calculate the added resistance value and dynamic braking time.

III. Explain the operation principle and plot static and dynamic characteristics.

VI- Perform the electrical diagram wiring, run the experiment and watch the
sequence of operation.

C- Automatic reversing using:


1- single-contact push buttons.
2- double- contact push buttons
3- TON timers.

I- Construct the power circuit and control circuit for each of above mentioned
methods.
II. Explain the operation principle and plot static and dynamic characteristics.

III- Perform the electrical diagram wiring, run the experiment and watch the
sequence of operation.
7. Post Lab activities
 Discussion of the obtained results
 Conclusion
 HW {report, application

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