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71 views4 pages

X62528 (Ma1254)

tyuio

Uploaded by

ajithtech21600
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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*X62528* Reg. No.

Question Paper Code : X 62528


B.E./B.Tech. Degree ExaminationS, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2020
Fourth Semester
Electronics and Communication Engineering
MA 1254 – Random Processes
(Regulations 2004/2007)

Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks

Answer all questions

Part – A (10×2=20 Marks)

1. State the axioms of probability.

2. A continuous random variable X has a pdf f(x) = Kx2 e–x, x > 0. Find K and
mean.

3. Find the mean and variance of Geometric distribution.

4. If X is a Gaussian random variable with mean zero and variance σ2, find the
probability density function of Y = |X|.

5. If f(x, y) = ex + y, 0 ≤ x, y ≤ ∞ is joint p.d.f. of random variables X and Y, find


P [X < 1].

6. State the central limit theorem.

7. How is random process described mathematically ?

8. Define autocorrelation function of a stationary process.

9. Find the autocorrelation function of the periodic time function f(t) = sin ω t.

10. Define a linear system.


X 62528 -2- *X62528*

PART – B (5×16=80 Marks)

11. a) i) A continuous random variable X has the p.d.f. f(x) = 3x2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. Find the
value of a and b such that P(X ≤ a) = P(X > a), P (x > b) = 0.05. (8)
ii) Find the value of K, P(X < 2) and mean of X for a random variable having
the following probability distribution. (8)
X : –2 –1 0 1 2 3
P(x) : 0.1 K 0.2 2K 0.3 3K

(OR)

b) i) A binary communication channel carries data as one of two types signals


denoted by 0 and 1. Owing to noise, a transmitted 0 is sometimes received
as 1 and a transmitted 1 is sometimes received as 0. For a given channel,
assume a probability of 0.94 that a transmitted 0 is correctly received as
0 and a probability of 0.91 that transmitted 1 is received as 1. Further
assume a probability of 0.45 of transmitting a 0. If a signal is sent, find :
1) The probability that a 1 is received
2) The probability that a 0 is received
3) The probability that 1 was transmitted, given that a 1 was received
and
4) The probability that 0 was transmitted, given that a 0 was received. (8)

ii) A bag contains 5 balls and it is known how many of them are white. Two
balls are drawn and are found to be white. What is the probability that
all are white ? (8)

12. a) i) It is known that the probability of an item produced by a certain machine will
be defective is 0.05. If the produced items are sent to the market in packets
of 20, find the number of packets containing atleast, exactly and atmost 2
defective items in a consignment of 1000 packets, using binomial
distribution. (8)
ii) State and prove the memory less property of Geometric distribution. (8)

(OR)
*X62528* -3- X 62528

b) i) The marks obtained by the students in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry


in an examination are normally distributed with the mean 52, 50 and 48
and with standard deviations 10, 8 and 6 respectively. Find the probability
that a student selected at random has secured a total of

1) 180 or above and

2) 135 or less. (8)

ii) Define Weibull distribution and find its mean and variance. (8)

13. a) i) The joint probability mass function of two discrete random variables X and
Y is given by f(x, y) = C (2x + y), where x and y can assume all integers such
that 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 3 and f(x, y) = 0 otherwise. Compute the value
of C and find the probability P(X ≥ 1, Y ≤ 2). (8)
ii) Compute the co-efficient of correlation between X and Y, using the
following data. (8)
X : 62 64 65 69 70 71 72 74
Y : 126 125 139 145 165 152 180 208
(OR)
b) i) If the joint pdf of (X, Y) is given by fXY(x, y) = x + y, 0 ≤ x, y ≤ 1, find the
pdf of U = XY. (8)
ii) The lifetime of a certain brand of an electric bulb may be considered
a random variable with mean 1200 h and standard deviation 250 h. Find
the probability, using central limit theorem, that the average lifetime of
60 bulbs exceeds 1250 h. (8)

14. a) i) Define random process. Classify it with an example. (6)


ii) The process {X(t)} whose probability distribution under certain conditions
is given by
 ( at )n −1
 ,n = 1,2,…
 (1 + at )n +1
P{X(t) = n} = 
 at
 1 + at , n = 0
Show that it is not stationary. (10)
(OR)
X 62528 -4- *X62528*

b) i) If X (t) = Y cos ωt + Z sin ωt, where Y and Z are two independent normal
random variables with E(Y) = E(Z) = 0, E(Y2) = E(Z2) = σ2 and ω is a
constant, prove that {X(t)} is a strict sense stationary process of order 2. (8)
ii) Three boys A, B and C are throwing a ball to each other. A always throws
the ball to B and B always throws the ball to C, but C is just as likely to
throw the ball to B as to A. Show that the process is Markovian. Find the
transition matrix and classify the states. (8)

15. a) i) The power spectral density of a wide sense stationary process is given by

b
 (a − ω ) , ω > a
S (ω) =  a , find the autocorrelation function of the
 0, ω > a

process. (8)

ii) If X(t) = A sin (ω t + θ), where A and ω are constants and θ is uniformly
distributed over (– π, π). Find the autocorrelation function of {Y(t)} where
Y(t) = X2(t). (8)
(OR)
b) A random process X(t) having autocorrelation function Rxx(τ) = Pe–ατ, where
P and α are real positive constants, is applied to the input of the system
 λ e − λt , t > 0
with impulse response h(t) =  , where λ is a real constant. Find
 0, t < 0
the autocorrelation function of the network response Y(t) and find the
cross-correlation of Rxy(τ). (16)

_______________________

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