The CENTRE for EDUCATION

in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING

cemc.uwaterloo.ca

Cayley Contest
(Grade 10)
Wednesday, February 28, 2024
(in North America and South America)
Thursday, February 29, 2024
(outside of North America and South America)

Time: 60 minutes ©2023 University of Waterloo

Calculating devices are allowed, provided that they do not have any of the following
features: (i) internet access, (ii) the ability to communicate with other devices,
(iii) information previously stored by students (such as formulas, programs, notes,
etc.), (iv) a computer algebra system, (v) dynamic geometry software.
Instructions
1. Do not open the Contest booklet until you are told to do so.
2. You may use rulers, compasses and paper for rough work.
3. Be sure that you understand the coding system for your response form. If you are not sure,
ask your teacher to clarify it. All coding must be done with a pencil, preferably HB. Fill in
circles completely.
4. On your response form, print your school name and city/town in the box in the upper right
corner.
5. Be certain that you code your name, age, grade, and the Contest you are writing
in the response form. Only those who do so can be counted as eligible students.
6. Part A and Part B of this contest are multiple choice. Each of the questions in these parts
is followed by five possible answers marked A, B, C, D, and E. Only one of these is correct.
After making your choice, fill in the appropriate circle on the response form.
7. The correct answer to each question in Part C is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive. After
deciding on your answer, fill in the appropriate two circles on the response form. A one-digit
answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
8. Scoring: Each correct answer is worth 5 in Part A, 6 in Part B, and 8 in Part C.
There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.
9. Diagrams are not drawn to scale. They are intended as aids only.
10. When your supervisor tells you to begin, you will have 60 minutes of working time.
11. You may not write more than one of the Pascal, Cayley and Fermat Contests in any given
year.

Do not discuss the problems or solutions from this contest online for the next 48 hours.

The name, grade, school and location, and score range of some top-scoring students will be
published on our website, cemc.uwaterloo.ca. In addition, the name, grade, school and location,
and score of some top-scoring students may be shared with other mathematical organizations
for other recognition opportunities.
 Scoring: There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.

Part A: Each correct answer is worth 5.

1. The expression 2 × 0 + 2 × 4 is equal to

(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 6 (E) 8

2. If x = 3, the value of −(5x − 6x) is

(A) −33 (B) 3 (C) −1 (D) 33 (E) 11

3. In 4ABC, points E and F are on AB and BC,

respectively, such that AE = BF and BE = CF . If B
∠BAC = 70◦ , the measure of ∠ABC is
(A) 40◦ (B) 50◦ (C) 60◦
E
(D) 70◦ (E) 30◦ F

70˚
A C

4. At Wednesday’s basketball game, the Cayley Comets scored 90 points.

At Friday’s game, they scored 80% as many points as they scored on Wednesday.
How many points did they score on Friday?
(A) 60 (B) 72 (C) 75 (D) 78 (E) 82

5. In the diagram, the two identical bases of the prism are

shaped like a star. The area of each star-shaped base is
400 cm2 . The depth of the prism (that is, the distance
between the star-shaped bases) is 8 cm. The volume of
the prism is
(A) 720 cm3 (B) 1520 cm3 (C) 3200 cm3
(D) 3600 cm3 (E) 28 800 cm3

6. Last year, Lloyd ate cookies in the percentages shown in

the pie chart. The number of gingerbread cookies that
he ate was two times the number of sugar cookies that
gingerbread sugar
he ate. What percentage of the cookies that he ate were
gingerbread cookies?
oatmeal
(A) 25% (B) 28% (C) 30% chocolate 22%
chip
(D) 35% (E) 38%
33%
1 1 1
7. If + = , the value of x is
6 3 x
(A) 9 (B) 6 (C) 18 (D) 2 (E) 3

8. Which of the following integers is equal to a perfect square?

(A) 23 (B) 35 (C) 47 (D) 59 (E) 611
9. The sum of five consecutive odd integers is 125. The smallest of these integers is
(A) 17 (B) 19 (C) 21 (D) 25 (E) 29

10. Two standard six-sided dice are rolled. What is the probability that the product of
the two numbers rolled is 12?
3 4 6 8 9
(A) 36 (B) 36 (C) 36 (D) 36 (E) 36

Part B: Each correct answer is worth 6.

11. Arturo has an equal number of $5 bills, of $10 bills, and of $20 bills. The total value
of these bills is $700. How many $5 bills does Arturo have?
(A) 16 (B) 24 (C) 12 (D) 20 (E) 28

12. The Cayley Corner Store sells three types of toys: Exes, Wyes and Zeds. All Exes
are identical, all Wyes are identical, and all Zeds are identical. The mass of 2 Exes
equals the mass of 29 Wyes. The mass of 1 Zed equals the mass of 16 Exes. The
mass of 1 Zed equals the mass of how many Wyes?
(A) 3.625 (B) 1.103 (C) 232 (D) 464 (E) 928

13. In the diagram, quadrilateral ABCD has AB = 20, A

BC = 12, and CD = 15. Also, AB and CD are
D
perpendicular to BC. The perimeter of quadrilateral
ABCD is 20
15
(A) 47 (B) 59 (C) 84
(D) 72 (E) 60
B 12 C

14. Ten numbers have an average (mean) of 87. Two of those numbers are 51 and 99.
The average of the other eight numbers is
(A) 90 (B) 89 (C) 88 (D) 91 (E) 92

15. A rectangle has width x and length y, as shown in Figure 1. The rectangle is cut
along the horizontal and vertical dotted lines in Figure 1 to produce four smaller
rectangles as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 1 Figure 2

The sum of the perimeters of these four rectangles in Figure 2 is 24. The value of
x + y is
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 9.6 (D) 12 (E) 16
 r
1 2 3 4 n−1 1
16. Suppose that × × × × ··· × = . (The expression under the square
2 3 4 5 n 8
root is the product of n − 1 fractions.) The value of n is
(A) 81 (B) 64 (C) 16 (D) 256 (E) 100

17. Each of the four digits of the integer 2024 is even. How many integers between 1000
and 9999, inclusive, have the property that all four of their digits are even?
(A) 500 (B) 625 (C) 96 (D) 54 (E) 256

18. The line with equation y = 3x + 5 is translated 2 units to the right. The equation of
the resulting line is
(A) y = 3x + 3 (B) y = 3x − 1 (C) y = 3x + 11
(D) y = 3x + 7 (E) y = 5x + 5

19. In the diagram, 4ABC is right-angled at C. Points D,

E, F are on AB, points G, H, J are on AC, point K
is on EH, point L is on F J, and point M is on BC so B
that DKHG, ELJH and F M CJ are squares. The area F
E M
of DKHG is 16 and the area of ELJH is 36. The area L
D K
of square F M CJ is
(A) 64 (B) 52 (C) 100 A C
G H J
(D) 81 (E) 75

20. Jiwei and Hari entered a race. Hari finished the race in 45 of the time it took Jiwei to
finish. The next time that they raced the same distance, Jiwei increased his average
speed from the first race by x%, while Hari maintained the same average speed as in
the first race. In this second race, Hari finished the race in the same amount of time
that it took Jiwei to finish. The value of x is
(A) 20 (B) 25 (C) 35 (D) 40 (E) 50

Part C: Each correct answer is worth 8.

Each correct answer is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive.
A one-digit answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
Note: The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 12 345 is 45.
The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 6307 is 7, coded 07.

21. A 3 × 3 table starts with every entry equal to 0 and is

modified using the following steps: 7 1 5
(i) adding 1 to all three numbers in any row;
(ii) adding 2 to all three numbers in any column. 9 3 7
After step (i) has been used a total of a times and step (ii)
has been used a total of b times, the table appears as 8 2 6
shown. What is the value of a + b?
22. For how many integers m does the line with the equation y = mx intersect the line
segment with endpoints (20, 24) and (4, 202)?

23. Four semi-circles are arranged so that their diameters

form a 6 by 8 rectangle. A circle is drawn through the four
vertices of the rectangle. In the diagram, the region inside
the four semi-circles but outside the circle is shaded. The
total area of the shaded region is A. What is the integer
closest to A?

24. A park has four paths, as shown in the map below. It takes 2 minutes to walk along
the path from A to B, 3 minutes to walk along the path from B to A, 3 minutes
to walk along the path from B to C, and 3 minutes to walk around the path that
begins and ends at B. Rasheeqa goes for a walk, starting at A, walking only in the
directions indicated along the paths, never stopping to rest, and finishing at C.

A B C

If the walk takes a total of t minutes, how many possible values of t are there with
t ≤ 100?

25. Erin has an empty 1 × 7 grid consisting of 1 × 1 squares:

and follows the process below to construct a pattern:

(i) Place an X in any empty square.

(ii) If three or more consecutive squares each contain an X, stop and do not add any
more X’s; otherwise, go to step (i) and continue the process.

For example, in a smaller 1 × 4 grid, there are 3 different patterns that can be
constructed:

X X X X X X X X X X

(The last pattern may be obtained by placing X’s, in order, in squares 1, 2, 4, and
then 3.) By applying this process starting with the empy 1 × 7 grid, how many
different possible patterns can Erin construct?
 (English)
Contest
Cayley
2024
The CENTRE for EDUCATION
in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING
cemc.uwaterloo.ca
For students...
Thank you for writing the 2024 Cayley Contest! Each year, more
than 265 000 students from more than 80 countries register to write
the CEMC’s Contests.

Encourage your teacher to register you for the Galois Contest which
will be written in April.

Visit our website cemc.uwaterloo.ca to find

• More information about the Galois Contest
• Free copies of past contests
• Math Circles videos and handouts that will help you learn more
mathematics and prepare for future contests
• Information about careers in and applications of mathematics and
computer science
For teachers...
Visit our website cemc.uwaterloo.ca to
• Register your students for the Fryer, Galois and Hypatia Contests
which will be written in April
• Look at our free online courseware
• Use our free Problem Set Generator to create problem sets for
curriculum support and enrichment
• Learn about our face-to-face workshops and our web resources
• Subscribe to our free Problem of the Week
• Investigate our online Master of Mathematics for Teachers
• Find your school’s contest results
 The CENTRE for EDUCATION
in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING
cemc.uwaterloo.ca

Cayley Contest
(Grade 10)
Wednesday, February 22, 2023
(in North America and South America)
Thursday, February 23, 2023
(outside of North America and South America)

Time: 60 minutes ©2022 University of Waterloo

Calculating devices are allowed, provided that they do not have any of the following
features: (i) internet access, (ii) the ability to communicate with other devices,
(iii) information previously stored by students (such as formulas, programs, notes,
etc.), (iv) a computer algebra system, (v) dynamic geometry software.
Instructions
1. Do not open the Contest booklet until you are told to do so.
2. You may use rulers, compasses and paper for rough work.
3. Be sure that you understand the coding system for your response form. If you are not sure,
ask your teacher to clarify it. All coding must be done with a pencil, preferably HB. Fill in
circles completely.
4. On your response form, print your school name and city/town in the box in the upper right
corner.
5. Be certain that you code your name, age, grade, and the Contest you are writing
in the response form. Only those who do so can be counted as eligible students.
6. Part A and Part B of this contest are multiple choice. Each of the questions in these parts
is followed by five possible answers marked A, B, C, D, and E. Only one of these is correct.
After making your choice, fill in the appropriate circle on the response form.
7. The correct answer to each question in Part C is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive. After
deciding on your answer, fill in the appropriate two circles on the response form. A one-digit
answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
8. Scoring: Each correct answer is worth 5 in Part A, 6 in Part B, and 8 in Part C.
There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.
9. Diagrams are not drawn to scale. They are intended as aids only.
10. When your supervisor tells you to begin, you will have 60 minutes of working time.
11. You may not write more than one of the Pascal, Cayley and Fermat Contests in any given
year.

Do not discuss the problems or solutions from this contest online for the next 48 hours.

The name, grade, school and location, and score range of some top-scoring students will be
published on our website, cemc.uwaterloo.ca. In addition, the name, grade, school and location,
and score of some top-scoring students may be shared with other mathematical organizations
for other recognition opportunities.
 Scoring: There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.

Part A: Each correct answer is worth 5.

1 2 3
1. What is the value of + + ?
1 2 3
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 3 (D) 9 (E) 10

2. If 3n = 9 + 9 + 9, then n equals
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 18 (D) 9 (E) 27

3. One movie is 1 hour and 48 minutes long. A second movie is 25 minutes longer than
the first. How long is the second movie?
(A) 2 hours and 13 minutes
(B) 1 hour and 48 minutes
(C) 2 hours and 25 minutes
(D) 2 hours and 3 minutes
(E) 2 hours and 48 minutes

4. Lucy tracked the number of cardinals and the number of blue jays that she saw each
day for three days. The graph below summarizes the birds that she saw.

Birds Spotted by Lucy

6
Number of Birds

5
4 Cardinals
3
Blue Jays
2
1

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

How many more cardinals than blue jays did she see over the three days?
(A) 7 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 8 (E) 1

5. The number 2023 is written on one side of a classroom

window using the style of numbers shown. If you were
to stand on the other side of the window, how would the
number appear?
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)
6. In the diagram, points B, C and D lie on a line. Also,
∠ABC = 90◦ and ∠ACD = 150◦ . The value of x is A
(A) 30 (B) 45 (C) 90 x˚
150˚
(D) 150 (E) 60
B D
C

7. The surface area of a cube is 24. The volume of the cube is

√
(A) 4 (B) 3 3 (C) 9 (D) 16 (E) 8

8. Charlie is making a necklace with yellow beads and green beads. She has already
used 4 green beads and 0 yellow beads. How many yellow beads will she have to add
so that 45 of the total number of beads are yellow?
(A) 16 (B) 4 (C) 20 (D) 24 (E) 12

9. A positive number is increased by 60%. By what percentage should the result be

decreased to return to the original value?
(A) 57.5% (B) 40% (C) 62.5% (D) 50% (E) 37.5%

10. Each of five doors is randomly either open or closed. What is the probability that
exactly two of the five doors are open?
5 13 9 1 7
(A) 16 (B) 32 (C) 25 (D) 2 (E) 16

Part B: Each correct answer is worth 6.

11. Karim has 23 candies. He eats n candies and divides the remaining candies equally
among his three children so that each child gets an integer number of candies. Which
of the following is not a possible value of n?
(A) 2 (B) 5 (C) 9 (D) 11 (E) 14

12. A 6 m by 8 m rectangular field has a fence around it. There is a post at each of the
four corners of the field. Starting at each corner, there is a post every 2 m along each
side of the fence. How many posts are there?
(A) 12 (B) 14 (C) 16 (D) 18 (E) 20

13. The integer 2023 is equal to 7 × 172 . Which of the following is the smallest positive
perfect square that is a multiple of 2023?
(A) 20232 (B) 4 × 2023 (C) 7 × 2023 (D) 17 × 2023 (E) 7 × 17 × 2023

14. Points A, B, C, and D are on a line in that order.

The distance from A to D is 24.
The distance from B to D is 3 times the distance from A to B.
Point C is halfway between B and D.
What is the distance from A to C?
(A) 12 (B) 8 (C) 16 (D) 9 (E) 15
 1
15. Suppose that a = , where n is a positive integer with n > 1.
n
Which of the following statements is true?
1 1 1
(A) a < < a2 (B) a2 < a < (C) a < a2 <
a a a
1 2 1 2
(D) < a < a (E) < a < a
a a

16. In the diagram, ABCF is a rectangle with AB = 30 cm

and AF = 14 cm. Points E and D are on F C so that A B
F E = 5 cm and the area of quadrilateral ABDE is
266 cm2 . The length of DC is
(A) 17 cm (B) 16 cm (C) 19 cm
(D) 20 cm (E) 18 cm F C
E D

17. Megan and Hana raced their remote control cars for 100 m.
The two cars started at the same time.
The average speed of Megan’s car was 54 m/s.
Hana’s car finished 5 seconds before Megan’s car.
What was the average speed of Hana’s car?
4 5 4 6 3
(A) 5 m/s (B) 2 m/s (C) 3 m/s (D) 5 m/s (E) 2 m/s

18. A factory makes chocolate bars. Five boxes, labelled V , W , X, Y , Z, are each packed
with 20 bars. Each of the bars in three of the boxes has a mass of 100 g. Each of the
bars in the other two boxes has a mass of 90 g. One bar is taken from box V , two
bars are taken from box W , four bars are taken from box X, eight bars are taken
from box Y , and sixteen bars are taken from box Z. The total mass of these bars
taken from the boxes is 2920 g. The boxes containing the 90 g bars are labelled
(A) V and W (B) W and Z (C) X and Y (D) V and Z (E) W and Y

19. The average of a, b and c is 16. The average of c, d and e is 26. The average of a, b,
c, d, and e is 20. The value of c is
(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 21 (D) 26 (E) 30

20. A robotic grasshopper jumps 1 cm to the east, then 2 cm to the north, then 3 cm to
the west, then 4 cm to the south. After every fourth jump, the grasshopper restarts
the sequence of jumps: 1 cm to the east, then 2 cm to the north, then 3 cm to the
west, then 4 cm to the south. After a total of n jumps, the position of the grasshopper
is 162 cm to the west and 158 cm to the south of its original position. The sum of
the squares of the digits of n is
(A) 22 (B) 29 (C) 17 (D) 14 (E) 13
Part C: Each correct answer is worth 8.
Each correct answer is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive.
A one-digit answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
Note: The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 12 345 is 45.
The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 6307 is 7, coded 07.

21. A line has equation y = mx − 50 for some positive integer m. The line passes through
the point (a, 0) for some positive integer a. What is the sum of all possible values
of m?

22. The integers 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 13 are to be placed in the circles and squares
below with one number in each shape.

x y

Each integer must be used exactly once and the integer in each circle must be equal
to the sum of the integers in the two neighbouring squares. If the integer x is placed
in the leftmost square and the integer y is placed in the rightmost square, what is the
largest possible value of x + y?

23. In the diagram, ABC is a quarter-circle centred at B.

Each of square P QRS, square SRT B and square RU V T A
Q
has side length 10. Points P and S are on AB, points T P
and V are on BC, and points Q and U are on the quarter-
circle. Line segment AC is drawn. Three triangular
regions are shaded, as shown. What is the integer closest U
S R
to the total area of the shaded regions?

B T V C

24. Carina is in a tournament in which no game can end in a tie. She continues to play
games until she loses 2 games, at which point she is eliminated and plays no more
games. The probability of Carina winning the first game is 12 . After she wins a game,
the probability of Carina winning the next game is 43 . After she loses a game, the
probability of Carina winning the next game is 31 . The probability that Carina wins
3 games before being eliminated from the tournament equals ab , where the fraction ab
is in lowest terms. What is the value of a + b?

25. A set consists of five different odd positive integers, each greater than 2. When these
five integers are multiplied together, their product is a five-digit integer of the form
AB 0AB, where A and B are digits with A 6= 0 and A 6= B. (The hundreds digit
of the product is zero.) For example, the integers in the set {3, 5, 7, 13, 33} have a
product of 45 045. In total, how many different sets of five different odd positive
integers have these properties?
 (English)
Contest
Cayley
2023
The CENTRE for EDUCATION
in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING
cemc.uwaterloo.ca

For students...
Thank you for writing the 2023 Cayley Contest! Each year, more
than 265 000 students from more than 80 countries register to write
the CEMC’s Contests.

Encourage your teacher to register you for the Galois Contest which
will be written in April.

Visit our website cemc.uwaterloo.ca to find

• More information about the Galois Contest
• Free copies of past contests
• Math Circles videos and handouts that will help you learn more
mathematics and prepare for future contests
• Information about careers in and applications of mathematics and
computer science
For teachers...
Visit our website cemc.uwaterloo.ca to
• Register your students for the Fryer, Galois and Hypatia Contests
which will be written in April
• Look at our free online courseware
• Learn about our face-to-face workshops and our web resources
• Subscribe to our free Problem of the Week
• Investigate our online Master of Mathematics for Teachers
• Find your school’s contest results
 The CENTRE for EDUCATION
in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING
cemc.uwaterloo.ca

Cayley Contest
(Grade 10)
Wednesday, February 23, 2022
(in North America and South America)
Thursday, February 24, 2022
(outside of North America and South America)

Time: 60 minutes ©2021 University of Waterloo

Calculating devices are allowed, provided that they do not have any of the following
features: (i) internet access, (ii) the ability to communicate with other devices,
(iii) information previously stored by students (such as formulas, programs, notes,
etc.), (iv) a computer algebra system, (v) dynamic geometry software.
Instructions
1. Do not open the Contest booklet until you are told to do so.
2. You may use rulers, compasses and paper for rough work.
3. Be sure that you understand the coding system for your response form. If you are not sure,
ask your teacher to clarify it. All coding must be done with a pencil, preferably HB. Fill in
circles completely.
4. On your response form, print your school name and city/town in the box in the upper right
corner.
5. Be certain that you code your name, age, grade, and the Contest you are writing
in the response form. Only those who do so can be counted as eligible students.
6. Part A and Part B of this contest are multiple choice. Each of the questions in these parts
is followed by five possible answers marked A, B, C, D, and E. Only one of these is correct.
After making your choice, fill in the appropriate circle on the response form.
7. The correct answer to each question in Part C is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive. After
deciding on your answer, fill in the appropriate two circles on the response form. A one-digit
answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
8. Scoring: Each correct answer is worth 5 in Part A, 6 in Part B, and 8 in Part C.
There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.
9. Diagrams are not drawn to scale. They are intended as aids only.
10. When your supervisor tells you to begin, you will have 60 minutes of working time.
11. You may not write more than one of the Pascal, Cayley and Fermat Contests in any given
year.

Do not discuss the problems or solutions from this contest online for the next 48 hours.

The name, grade, school and location, and score range of some top-scoring students will be
published on our website, cemc.uwaterloo.ca. In addition, the name, grade, school and location,
and score of some top-scoring students may be shared with other mathematical organizations
for other recognition opportunities.
 Scoring: There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.

Part A: Each correct answer is worth 5.

1. The expression 2 + (0 × 22 ) is equal to

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6

2. The integer 119 is a multiple of

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7 (E) 11

3. Which of the following fractions has the greatest value?

3 4 5 2 1
(A) 10 (B) 7 (C) 23 (D) 3 (E) 2

4. The pattern of shapes 4, , ♥, ♦, is repeated to form the sequence

4, , ♥, ♦, , 4, , ♥, ♦, ,...

The 22nd shape in the sequence is

(A)  (B) (C) ♦ (D) 4 (E) ♥

5. The expression (5 × 5) + (5 × 5) + (5 × 5) + (5 × 5) + (5 × 5) is equal to

(A) 5 (B) 10 000 (C) 625 (D) 19 525 (E) 125

6. Yihana walks for 10 minutes. A graph of her elevation Yihana’s Walk

10
Elevation (m)

in metres versus time in minutes is shown. The length of 8

time for which she was walking uphill is 6
4
(A) 5 minutes (B) 6 minutes (C) 4 minutes 2
(D) 7 minutes (E) 8 minutes 0
2 4 6 8 10
Time (minutes)

7. Points A, B, C, D, E, and F are evenly spaced around A B

the circle with centre O, as shown. The measure of
∠AOC is O
F C
(A) 90◦ (B) 150◦ (C) 144◦
(D) 120◦ (E) 108◦
E D

8. A rectangle has positive integer side lengths and an area of 24. The perimeter of the
rectangle cannot be
(A) 20 (B) 22 (C) 28 (D) 50 (E) 36

a+b
9. The operation a∇b is defined by a∇b = for all integers a and b with a 6= b.
a−b
2+3
For example, 2∇3 = = −5. If 3∇b = −4, what is the value of b?
2−3
(A) 5 (B) −7 (C) 7 (D) −5 (E) 3
10. If x is 20% of y and x is 50% of z, then what percentage is z of y?
(A) 70% (B) 10% (C) 30% (D) 40% (E) 60%

Part B: Each correct answer is worth 6.

11. A store sells jellybeans at a fixed price per gram. The price for 250 g of jellybeans is
$7.50. What mass of jellybeans sells for $1.80?
(A) 6 g (B) 54 g (C) 60 g (D) 120 g (E) 190 g

12. An equilateral triangle is made of cardboard and lies on

a table. Paola stands in front of the table and sees the Q
triangle in the position shown. She flips the triangle over, P
keeping edge QR on the table throughout the flip. From R
this position, Paola then flips the triangle again, this time
keeping edge P R on the table throughout the flip. What
is the resulting position of the triangle that Paola sees?

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Q Q Q P P
P P R R R
R R P Q Q

13. Two identical smaller cubes are stacked next to a larger cube. Each of the two smaller
cubes has a volume of 8. The combined height of the smaller cubes equals the height
of the larger cube. What is the volume of the larger cube?
(A) 16 (B) 32 (C) 125 (D) 48 (E) 64

14. The integer 48 178 includes the block of digits 178. The three integers 51 870, 19 728
and 38 717 do not include the block of digits 178. How many integers between 10 000
and 100 000 include the block of digits 178?
(A) 280 (B) 300 (C) 270 (D) 310 (E) 260

15. The integers a, b and c satisfy the equations a + 5 = b and 5 + b = c and b + c = a.

The value of b is
(A) −30 (B) −20 (C) −10 (D) 0 (E) 5

16. In the diagram, hexagon P QRST U has interior right

angles at P , Q, S, T , and U and an exterior right angle Q 8 S
at R. Also, P U = U T , P Q = ST = 10, and QS = 8. 10 10
The perimeter of P QRST U is closest to R
P T
(A) 48 (B) 56 (C) 63
(D) 71 (E) 72

U
17. Zebadiah has 3 red shirts, 3 blue shirts, and 3 green shirts in a drawer. Without
looking, he randomly pulls shirts from his drawer one at a time. He would like a set
of shirts that includes either 3 of the same colour or 3 of different colours. What is
the minimum number of shirts that Zebadiah has to pull out to guarantee that he
has such a set?
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 5 (E) 7

18. At the beginning of the first day, a box contains 1 black ball, 1 gold ball, and no
other balls. At the end of each day, for each gold ball in the box, 2 black balls and
1 gold ball are added to the box; this means that at the end of the first day, there
are 5 balls in the box. If no balls are removed from the box, how many balls are in
the box at the end of the seventh day?
(A) 395 (B) 371 (C) 389 (D) 377 (E) 383

19. The area of the triangular region bounded by the x-axis, the y-axis and the line with
equation y = 2x − 6 is one-quarter of the area of the triangular region bounded by
the x-axis, the line with equation y = 2x − 6 and the line with equation x = d, where
d > 0. What is the value of d?
√
(A) 9 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 3 + 3 2 (E) 15

20. If m and n are positive integers that satisfy the equation 3m3 = 5n5 , the smallest
possible value for m + n is
(A) 900 (B) 450 (C) 720 (D) 810 (E) 630
Part C: Each correct answer is worth 8.
Each correct answer is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive.
A one-digit answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
Note: The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 12 345 is 45.
The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 6307 is 7, coded 07.

21. There are exactly four ordered pairs of positive integers (x, y) that satisfy the equation
20x + 11y = 881. Mehdi writes down the four values of y and adds the smallest and
largest of these values. What is this sum?
P
22. In the diagram, two circles are centred at O. The smaller
circle has a radius of 1 and the larger circle has a radius
of 3. Points P and Q are placed on the larger circle so Q
that the areas of the two shaded regions are equal. If
∠P OQ = x◦ , what is the value of x? O

23. Andreas, Boyu, Callista, and Diane each randomly choose an integer from 1 to 9,
inclusive. Each of their choices is independent of the other integers chosen and the
same integer can be chosen by more than one person. The probability that the sum
N
of their four integers is even is equal to for some positive integer N . What is
6561
the sum of the squares of the digits of N ?

24. A cube with edge length 8 is balanced on one of its vertices on a horizontal table such
that the diagonal from this vertex through the interior of the cube to the farthest
vertex is vertical. When the sun is directly above the top vertex, the shadow of the
cube on√the table is a regular hexagon. The area of this shadow can be written in the
form a b, where a and b are positive integers and b is not divisible by any perfect
square larger than 1. What is the value of a + b?

25. There are T tokens arranged in a circle for some positive integer T . Moving clockwise
around the circle, the tokens are labelled, in order, with the integers from 1 to T .
Starting from the token labelled 1, Évariste:

(i) Removes the token at the current position.

(ii) Moves clockwise to the next remaining token.
(iii) Moves clockwise again to the next remaining token.
(iv) Repeats steps (i) to (iii) until only one token remains.

When T = 337, the number on the last remaining token is L. There are other integers
T for which the number on the last remaining token is also L. What are the rightmost
two digits of the smallest possible value of T ?
 (English)
Contest
Cayley
2022
The CENTRE for EDUCATION
in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING
cemc.uwaterloo.ca

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