SEC-02

PREPARED BY HITESH KUMAR SETHY

ASSIGNMENT-I

COURSE TITLE: Data Analysis & Computer Application

Course Code-SEC-02

Group-A

1. Answer all the questions, each within one word or one sentence.

a) Who is known as the Father of Computer”?

ANS:charles babbage
b) Scanner is an output device. (True/False)
Ans:False
c) Which option is MS-Word is used to break the current page into multiple section?
Ans:The option in MS Word used to break the current page into multiple sections is
“Section Breaks.”
d) What is the short-cut key combination to select column inside the tables?
Ans: The shortcut key combination to select a column inside a table in MS Word is
Alt + Shift + Arrow keys.
e) What does ENIAC stand for?
Ans:ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.

f) Pen drive is a storage device. (True/False)

Ans:True
g) What does VLSI stand for?

Ans:VLSI stands for Very Large Scale Integration.

 h) MS-Excel is a type of system software. (True/False)
Ans:False

i) What will be the address of a cell present in 5 th row and 6th column in an Excel
worksheet?
Ans:The address of the cell present in the 5th row and 6th column in an Excel
worksheet is F5.

i) What is the shortcut key for copying a text from one location to another in a
document?
Ans:The shortcut key for copying text from one location to another in a document is
Ctrl + C.

Group-B

4th Semester

Full Marks- 100

Marks: 1x10=–10

Marks: 2x10=20

2. Answer all the questions within 2 sentences each.

a) What are the ways to open an existing document in MS-Word?

Ans:The ways to open an existing document in MS Word are:

Using the File menu and selecting “Open.”

 Clicking on the document from the Recent Documents list in the File menu.
Double-clicking the document file in Windows Explorer.
b) Write a short note on Text Alignment’.
Ans:Text alignment refers to how text is positioned horizontally within a document or
text box. Common alignments include:

Left Alignment: Text is aligned along the left margin.

Center Alignment: Text is centered between the left and right margins.

Right Alignment: Text is aligned along the right margin.

Justified Alignment: Text is aligned along both the left and right margins, with extra spacing
between words as needed.

Choosing the right alignment enhances readability and visual appeal of documents

c) How to insert an equation inside a Word document?

Ans:To insert an equation inside a Word document:

d) Place your cursor where you want to insert the equation.

e) Go to the “Insert” tab in the Ribbon.
f) Click on the “Equation” button in the “Symbols” group.
g) Choose “Insert New Equation” to open the equation editor.
h) Type your equation using the available symbols and structures.
i) Close the equation editor when you’re done.

d) Write down the steps to split a cell inside a table in MS-Word.

Ans:Click inside the cell you want to split.

Go to the “Layout” tab in the Table Tools section.

Click “Split Cells” and choose either vertical or horizontal split.

Specify the number of columns or rows.

Click “OK” to split the cell.

e) What functions can be done using Page Layout Tab in a Word Processor?
Ans:The Page Layout tab in a word processor like Microsoft Word allows you to adjust
margins, orientation, paper size, columns, breaks, line numbers, hyphenation, page
borders, watermark, and page color.

f) Describe the basic components of a computer system.

Ans:A computer system consists of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) for processing,
Memory (RAM) for temporary data storage, Storage Devices (like hard drives) for permanent
data storage, and Input/Output devices (such as keyboards and monitors) for interaction
with users and data transfer.

g) What is Virtual Memory? How is it related to paging concept?

Ans:Virtual memory is a memory management technique where the operating system uses
disk space to simulate additional RAM. It allows programs to run as if they have more
memory than physically available. Paging is a key concept in virtual memory, where
memory and disk space are divided into fixed-size blocks (pages), and the operating
system manages the mapping of virtual addresses to physical addresses.

h) Differentiate between Dot-Matrix printers and Daisy-Wheel printers.

Ans:Dot-matrix printers use a matrix of pins to strike an inked ribbon, producing characters
and graphics with varying quality. Daisy-wheel printers use a rotating wheel with embossed
characters, creating high-quality text suitable for professional documents

j) How system software is different from application software?

Ans:System software manages and supports the operation of computer hardware and
provides a platform for running application software. Application software is designed
for specific tasks or user-oriented purposes, such as word processing or gaming.

j) Explain Internet and WWW.

Ans:The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, while the World

Wide Web (WWW) is a system of linked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.

Group-C Marks: 3x10–30

3. Answer all the questions within 75 words.

a) How to insert a graphical image in a PowerPoint presentation?

Ans:To insert a graphical image in a PowerPoint presentation, go to the slide where you
want to add the image. Click on the Insert tab, then choose Pictures to insert an image
from your computer or Online Pictures to search for one online. Select the image file
and click Insert. You can resize and move the image on the slide to fit your layout. Adjust
formatting options under the Format tab if needed, such as adding borders or effects.

b) Name some commonly used external storage devices with there functionality.

Ans:Common external storage devices include USB flash drives for portable file
transfer, external hard drives offering large capacities for backup, SSDs for faster data
access, memory cards in cameras and phones, NAS devices for networked storage
sharing, and cloud storage services for online data access and backup. Each serves
distinct purposes: from convenience and portability with USB drives to robust storage
capabilities with external hard drives, and the flexibility of accessing data anywhere via
cloud storage.

c) State the difference between presentation and documents.

Ans:Presentations are visual and auditory tools used to communicate information to an

audience through slides containing text, images, and multimedia elements. They are
interactive and often used in meetings, conferences, or lectures for live delivery.
Documents, on the other hand, are text-based files such as reports or articles,
designed for reading and reference. They convey detailed information in a static format
without live presentation elements, suitable for thorough analysis and dissemination of
information.

d) What are the different methods to do cut, copy and paste in documents?

Ans:Cut, copy, and paste operations can be performed using keyboard shortcuts (Ctrl +
X, Ctrl + C, Ctrl + V on Windows/Linux; Command + X, Command + C, Command + V on
macOS), right-click context menus, menu bar options (under Edit), touchpad or mouse
gestures (like two-finger tap), and toolbar buttons in document editing applications.
These methods allow users to efficiently manipulate text and objects by transferring or
duplicating content within documents or across different applications.
e) What is Text Alignment? Describe different types of text alignment available in MS-
Word.

Ans:Text alignment in MS Word includes left align (left justify), center align, right align
(right justify), and justify. Left align positions text along the left margin with a ragged
right edge. Center align centers text between margins. Right align positions text along
the right margin with a ragged left edge. Justify aligns text evenly between margins by
adjusting word spacing, creating straight edges on both sides. These options help
control the appearance and readability of text in documents.

f) Write a short note on MICR and OCR.

Ans:MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) uses special characters printed in

magnetic ink to encode information, commonly used in banking for check processing
due to its reliability and error reduction capabilities. OCR (Optical Character
Recognition) scans printed or handwritten text, converting it into digital form for
computer processing. OCR is essential for digitizing documents, extracting text from
images, and enabling text search and editing capabilities. Both technologies streamline
data entry processes and enhance automation across different sectors.

g) Give a brief note about the usage of Header & Footer’.

Ans:Headers and footers are sections at the top and bottom of each page in a
document used for consistent information across pages. Headers commonly display
document titles, chapter names, or author details, while footers often include page
numbers, dates, and copyright information. They enhance document structure,
navigation, and professionalism by providing essential context and details without
disrupting the main content. Headers and footers are customizable in formatting and
content to meet specific document requirements and preferences.

h) Briefly describe about Internet Protocol.

Ans:Internet Protocol (IP) is a foundational protocol in computer networking, facilitating

the transmission of data packets between devices across networks. It defines how data
is addressed and routed, ensuring accurate delivery to intended destinations. IP
addresses uniquely identify devices on networks, enabling routers to forward data
effectively. IPv4, the predominant version with 32-bit addresses, and IPv6, with 128-bit
addresses, are used globally. IP plays a crucial role in enabling communication and
connectivity across the internet and other networks.
 i) State the difference between Document and Presentation.

Ans:A document is a text-based file used for detailed information storage and
dissemination, comprising text, tables, and graphics. It is static, intended for reading,
sharing, and archival purposes. In contrast, a presentation is a visual and auditory
medium delivered through slides containing text, images, and multimedia elements. It
is dynamic and designed for live or recorded sessions, aiming to engage and inform an
audience interactively. Presentations focus on delivering key points effectively through
visual aids and narration.

i) Write down the steps to create a new presentation in MS-PowerPoint using

templates.
j) Ans:To create a new presentation in MS PowerPoint using templates, open
PowerPoint and navigate to “File” > “New.” Browse through available templates
categorized by themes like Business or Education. Choose a template by clicking on
it and then select “Create” or “Choose.” Customize content by replacing
placeholders with your own text, images, and graphics. Add slides using the
template’s layouts under “Insert” > “New Slide.” Modify design elements as needed,
then save your presentation and start presenting using “Slide Show” > “From
Beginning.”

SEC-02

Group-D

4. Answer all the questions within 500 words (maximum)

a) Briefly discuss about various Look-Up functions used in MS-Excel.

Ans:Lookup functions in Microsoft Excel are vital tools for retrieving specific
information from large datasets based on defined criteria. Here’s a concise overview of
some key lookup functions:
 1. VLOOKUP (Vertical Lookup):

VLOOKUP searches for a value in the first column of a specified range (table array) and
retrieves a value in the same row from a specified column. It’s commonly used for
vertical data lookup tasks, such as finding prices of products based on product IDs or
looking up student grades based on their IDs.

2. HLOOKUP (Horizontal Lookup):

Similar to VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP searches for a value in the first row of a specified range
(table array) and retrieves a value from a specified column. It’s useful for horizontal data
lookup tasks, like finding monthly sales figures based on month names.

3. INDEX and MATCH Combination:

INDEX and MATCH functions are often used together to perform flexible lookups. INDEX
retrieves a value from a specific position in a range, while MATCH identifies the position
of an item in a list. This combination allows for both horizontal and vertical lookups with
precise control over the search criteria and data location.

4. XLOOKUP:

XLOOKUP is a newer and highly versatile function that can replace both VLOOKUP and
HLOOKUP. It allows for vertical or horizontal lookups, approximate or exact matches,
and can search in reverse order. XLOOKUP simplifies complex lookup tasks with its
straightforward syntax and enhanced capabilities.

5. LOOKUP:

The LOOKUP function searches for a value either in a one-row or one-column range
(vector form) or in an array-like range (array form) and returns a value from the same
position in the range. It’s useful for simple lookup tasks where the data is structured in a
single row or column.

Each of these functions serves specific purposes:

VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP are traditional choices for straightforward vertical and
horizontal lookups but have limitations in flexibility.

INDEX and MATCH provide more control over lookup criteria and are preferred for
complex data retrieval tasks.

XLOOKUP combines the strengths of all previous lookup functions into one, offering
advanced features like reverse searching and handling errors more gracefully.

LOOKUP is simpler and useful for basic lookup tasks where the data structure is
straightforward.

Understanding these Excel lookup functions empowers users to efficiently manage and
analyze data, making them essential tools for anyone working extensively with
spreadsheets. Whether retrieving sales data, student grades, or product information,
choosing the right lookup function can significantly enhance productivity and accuracy
in data handling tasks.

b) Broadly discuss about various types of computer networks.

Ans:Computer networks are essential infrastructures that connect various devices and
systems to facilitate communication and resource sharing. They come in several types,
each designed to meet specific needs ranging from small local connections to global
scale networks.

1. **Local Area Network (LAN)**:

- LANs are confined to a small geographical area such as a single building or a

campus.

- They are commonly used in offices, schools, and homes to connect computers,
printers, and other devices.

- LANs typically offer high data transfer rates (up to gigabits per second) and low
latency.

2. **Wide Area Network (WAN)**:

 - WANs span larger distances, connecting LANs across cities, countries, or continents
using public or private communication links.

- The Internet itself is the largest WAN, connecting millions of devices globally.

- WANs often employ technologies like leased lines, satellites, and fiber optics for
long-distance communication.

3. **Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)**:

- MANs cover larger geographic areas such as cities or towns, connecting multiple
LANs within a specific region.

- They provide high-speed connectivity and are used by organizations or service

providers to link their offices or customers.

4. **Wireless LAN (WLAN)**:

- WLANs use wireless technology (e.g., Wi-Fi) to connect devices within a limited area
such as a home, office, or public hotspot.

- They offer mobility and flexibility without the need for physical cables, making them
highly convenient.

5. **Personal Area Network (PAN)**:

- PANs are the smallest type of network, connecting devices within an individual’s
workspace.

- Examples include Bluetooth connections between a smartphone, keyboard, and

headset.

6. **Virtual Private Network (VPN)**:

- VPNs create secure, encrypted connections over a public network (usually the
Internet).

- They enable remote users to access a private network securely as if they were
directly connected to it.
7. **Client-Server Network**:

- In this model, one or more computers (servers) provide resources and services to
other computers (clients) on the network.

- Common in business environments for centralized data storage and management.

8. **Peer-to-Peer Network (P2P)**:

- P2P networks allow devices to communicate directly with each other without a
centralized server.

- Often used for sharing files (e.g., BitTorrent) or in decentralized applications (e.g.,
blockchain networks).

9. **Enterprise Private Network**:

- These are private networks established by corporations or organizations to

interconnect their various office locations and data centers securely.

- They often use leased lines or MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) for high-speed
and reliable communication.

10. **Internet of Things (IoT) Networks**:

- IoT networks connect a vast number of physical devices (sensors, appliances,

vehicles) to collect and exchange data.

- They can operate over various network types (LAN, WAN, WLAN) depending on the
application and scale.

Each type of network serves specific purposes and comes with its own advantages and
challenges regarding speed, security, scalability, and cost. The choice of network
architecture depends on factors like the size of the area to be covered, the number of
devices, the required data transfer rates, and the level of security needed. As
technology evolves, new types of networks emerge to support emerging applications
such as smart cities, autonomous vehicles, and advanced industrial automation.
 Understanding these network types helps in designing efficient and reliable
communication infrastructures tailored to specific needs and environments.

(C )Give a brief idea about difterent generation of computer.

Ans: Here’s a brief overview of the different generations of computers:

**First Generation (1940s-1950s):**

The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for
memory. They were huge, expensive, and consumed a lot of electricity. These computers
were mainly used for scientific and military purposes, such as calculating missile
trajectories and solving mathematical problems.

**Second Generation (1950s-1960s):**

The second generation saw the transition from vacuum tubes to transistors, which made
computers smaller, faster, cheaper, and more energy-efficient. Magnetic core memory
replaced magnetic drums, offering faster and more reliable data storage. High-level
programming languages like FORTRAN and COBOL were developed during this period,
making computers more accessible to a broader range of users.

**Third Generation (1960s-1970s):**

The third generation brought about the use of integrated circuits (ICs), which further
reduced the size of computers and increased their processing power. These computers
were smaller, more reliable, and easier to maintain than their predecessors. Operating
systems became more developed, allowing for multitasking and time-sharing capabilities.
Minicomputers emerged during this time, serving small to medium-sized businesses and
scientific research.

**Fourth Generation (1970s-present):**

The fourth generation is characterized by the development of microprocessors, which

enabled the creation of personal computers (PCs). This era also saw the rise of the
graphical user interface (GUI) and networking capabilities. PCs became affordable for
individuals and businesses, leading to widespread adoption and a rapid increase in
computing power. Laptops, tablets, and smartphones are all examples of fourth-generation
computers, which continue to evolve with advancements in processing speed, memory
capacity, and connectivity.

**Fifth Generation (present and beyond):**

The fifth generation of computers is still evolving, focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) and
machine learning. These computers are designed to mimic human intelligence and
perform tasks such as speech recognition, image processing, and decision-making.
Quantum computers are also being developed as part of the fifth generation, promising
unprecedented computing power by harnessing the principles of quantum mechanics.

Each generation of computers has built upon the advancements of the previous one,
leading to smaller, faster, more powerful, and more versatile machines. These
advancements have revolutionized fields such as communication, healthcare,
entertainment, and scientific research, and continue to shape the way we live and work
today.

(d) What is printer? Discuss various printers and their functionalities.

A printer is a peripheral device that produces text or graphics on paper. It's an essential
tool for both personal and professional use, allowing users to create hard copies of
digital documents or images. Printers come in various types, each tailored to different
needs and preferences.

**Types of Printers and Their Functionalities:**

1. **Inkjet Printers:**

Inkjet printers are popular for their versatility and affordability. They work by spraying
tiny droplets of ink onto paper. Key features include:
 - **Color Printing:** Capable of producing high-quality color prints suitable for photos
and graphics.

- **Compact Size:** Often smaller and more compact compared to other types.

- **Cost-effective:** Generally cheaper upfront, but operational costs can vary based
on ink usage.

2. **Laser Printers:**

Laser printers use a laser beam to produce images on a drum, which is then
transferred to paper using static electricity and heat. Their functionalities include:

- **Speed:** Known for their fast printing speeds, making them ideal for office
environments.

- **High Volume Printing:** Suitable for heavy-duty printing needs due to their
efficiency and durability.

- **Cost Efficiency:** Lower cost per page compared to inkjet printers over time,
especially for black and white documents.

3. **All-in-One Printers:**

Also known as multifunction printers (MFPs), these devices combine printing

capabilities with scanning, copying, and sometimes faxing functionalities. Key features
include:

- **Versatility:** Single device for multiple tasks, saving space and cost.

- **Convenience:** Seamless integration into office environments or home setups

where space is limited.

- **Wireless Connectivity:** Many modern models offer wireless printing and

scanning options.

4. **Photo Printers:**

Designed specifically for printing high-quality photos, these printers use special ink
and paper to achieve vibrant colors and sharp details. Features include:
 - **Photo Paper Compatibility:** Supports glossy or matte photo paper for optimal
results.

- **Direct Printing:** Some models allow direct printing from cameras or memory
cards.

- **Portability:** Compact photo printers are available for on-the-go printing needs.

5. **Dot Matrix Printers:**

Although less common today, dot matrix printers use tiny pins to strike an inked
ribbon, creating characters or images through a series of dots. Their functionalities
include:

- **Impact Printing:** Suitable for carbon copies or multipart forms due to the impact
mechanism.

- **Reliability:** Known for durability and longevity, especially in industrial settings.

- **Specialized Uses:** Used in environments requiring continuous forms or where

impact printing is necessary.

**Choosing the Right Printer:**

When selecting a printer, consider factors such as:

- **Usage Requirements:** Determine if you need basic document printing, high-

quality photo printing, or multifunction capabilities.

- **Cost Considerations:** Evaluate upfront costs and ongoing expenses such as ink or
toner cartridges.

- **Space and Connectivity:** Assess whether you need wireless connectivity, space-
saving designs, or compatibility with specific devices.

In conclusion, printers play a crucial role in transforming digital data into physical
documents. Understanding the various types and functionalities helps users make
informed decisions based on their specific needs, whether for home use, office
environments, or specialized printing tasks like photography. Advances in technology
continue to enhance printer capabilities, offering improved efficiency, quality, and
convenience for users worldwide..

4th Semester

Marks: 4x10=40