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Design of ECG Signal Acquisition and Processing Circuit: Fang Yuan, Weikang Ou and Wei Jiang

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11 views4 pages

Design of ECG Signal Acquisition and Processing Circuit: Fang Yuan, Weikang Ou and Wei Jiang

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mohamedalbialy312
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© © All Rights Reserved
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6th International Conference on Electronic, Mechanical, Information and Management (EMIM 2016)

Design of ECG Signal Acquisition and Processing Circuit

Fang Yuan1 a *, Weikang Ou1,b and Wei Jiang1, c


1
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China Institute
of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
a
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: ECG; Acquisition; Processing; Circuit.

Abstract. This paper designs an ECG signal acquisition and processing circuit. The circuit includes
preamplifier circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, 50Hz frequency filter circuit,
the main amplifier circuit. Experiments show that it can effectively filter all kinds of interference in
the ECG signal. The circuit can realize the acquisition and processing of ECG signal, which has the
characteristics of low cost and easy operation.

Introduction
ECG is a weak signal and it is easy to interference by external noise. Therefore, the key of getting
accurate ECG signal is how to remove noise. Currently, Most of scholars study how to filter baseline
drift, 50Hz frequency interference and high frequency noise of ECG.Research methods and focus are
different. Among them, more research is software algorithm of the ECG signal acquisition and
processing. However, many ECG signal processing algorithms mainly achieve the desired treatment
effect through the simulation method. Timeliness and usefulness are weak and limited to hardware
resource conditions. It is difficult to achieve in the specific circuit.
The circuit of design ECG signal acquisition and processing combines the characteristics of
ECG.It designs the preamplifier circuit, high-pass filter circuit, low-pass filter circuit, 50Hz
frequency trap circuit, main amplifier circuit. It can solve ECG acquisition and interference problems
and reduce the impact of external interference signals to the ECG signal acquisition. It can effectively
filter out the interference signal and achieve more accurate ECG signal.

Preamplifier Circuit Design


The core chip of preamplifier circuit design is AD620 chip. The chip input offset voltage is 50μV and
Maximum input offset drift is 0.6μV / C.The common mode rejection ratio is 100db and the input
voltage noise is 9nV / 1 kHz. The magnification is 10 and it can satisfy low noise and low drifts
requirements of the preamplifier [1-3].
It can be measured a variety of gain required resistance. The resistance is equal to 5.489 kΩ when
the design of magnification is 10 times. Preamplifier circuit includes the right leg drive circuit and the
shield drive components in addition to AD620.

High-pass Filter Circuit


High-pass filter cutoff frequency is generally not more than 0.05Hz in order to remove the DC
component of the ECG. The high-pass cutoff frequency is set at 0.03Hz to avoid errors affect the
accuracy of the device. The high-pass filter circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 1 [4-5].

© 2016. The authors - Published by Atlantis Press 1141


Figure 1. High-pass filter circuit

Low-pass Filter Circuit


The frequency of ECG is below 100Hz, so it is necessary to filter out high-frequency interference
signals through a low pass filter circuit. The low-pass filter circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 2. Low-pass filter circuit

50Hz Frequency Filter Circuit


Preamplifier circuit has a strong inhibitory effect for common mode interference. But some
frequency interference effect ECG signal by differential mode and the frequency is within the
frequency band of the ECG signal. Therefore, it must be specifically filtered out. The design of circuit
is a dual-T active band-stop filter. Bandwidth band-stop filter becomes narrower, the higher the
quality factor Q. The inhibition selectivity of filter is better. However, it may not reach the center
frequency of 50Hz because of the accuracy error of the device. So, the Q value of circuit designs of

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50Hz frequency filter circuit can be adjusted. The 50Hz frequency filter circuit diagram is shown in
Fig. 3.

Figure 3. 50Hz frequency filter circuit

Main Amplifier Circuit


Since the amplitude of the ECG signal is very small, generally only 1mv, while the analog to digital
conversion system chip voltage input range is 0~5V. Therefore, it is not enough only by the
preamplifier 10 times magnification.it need to add a main amplifier circuits to improve the entire
ECG amplifier gain. Since the pre-amplifier has been completed ECG 10 times. Amplifier circuit
using two zoom mode to avoid high magnification unipolar lead to waveform distortion, the first
stage to complete the 10 times magnification, the second stage to complete the 10-200 times
adjustable amplification. The total gain of the system may be in the 100-2000 times by adjusted to
meet the post-processing circuit voltage requirements [6-10]. The main amplifier circuit diagram is
shown in Fig. 4.

Figure 4. Main amplifier circuit

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Summary
It introduces an ECG signal acquisition and processing circuit. The circuit includes preamplifier
circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, 50Hz frequency filter circuit, the main
amplifier circuit. The circuit can effectively solve the ECG signal acquisition and interference
problems, can effectively filter all kinds of interference in the ECG signal. It can get precise
acquisition and processing ECG.

Acknowledgements
The science and technology support program of Jiangxi province (No.20141BBG70079) and the soft
science research project of Jiangxi province (20151BBA10053) and college of humanities and social
science research projects in Jiangxi province (GL1507) and Jiangxi education planning project
(15YB041) and technology research project of Jiangxi education department (GJJ151534)
(GJJ151543) and open fund of state key laboratory breeding base of nuclear resources and
environment (No. NRE1413) supported this work.

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