Research and analysis skills

Assignment 1

HEND ABD EL MOATY ABD EL TAWAB

:Abstract -1

A mathematical model for fluid dynamics wind turbine design (based on the blade element
momentum theory) has been implemented and improved. The mathematical simulations
have been compared with experimental data found in the literature. The simulation was
performed for the whole wind velocity range, in on-design and off-design conditions. Several
simulations were performed in order to maximize the agreement between the simulated
and experimental data. Particular attention was paid to the tangential induction factor and
to the models for the representation of the lift and drag coefficients. A comparison was also
made between the mathematical model presented in the paper and those considered in the
literature. Finally, the model was implemented to optimize rotor performance, especially at
.low wind velocities, which is crucial to produce power during the machine start-up phase

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results

background information / the fluid dynamics WT works at the principle of the rotor
blade momentum and there is mathematical models indicating this in the previous
.experiments

purpose of investigation / implement and improve the model(design) of WT to increase

.the efficiency and performance at low speeds

methods / comparison between the new calculations and experimental data with the
literature (previous)and making some improvement to the new simulation and compare
.again until the suitable model is found

results / there is an implemented model to work at low speeds of wind and can produce
.power even at starting up phase

conclusion / some trials were done to improve the WT efficiency which were interested
in the main coefficients ,resulted in implementing a perfect model for that(more power,
.more efficiency, higher performance)

??b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract

 The tangential induction factor : it can be obtained from the ratio between the local
.tangential flow velocity and the local rotational speed

 Fluid dynamics wind turbine : a versatile compact apparatus for teaching the
.fundamentals of kinetic wind energy conversion into electrical power

??c) suggest three titles

.IMPROVED MODEL OF (WT)

.MORE POWER-LOW SPEED (WT)

.MATHEMATICAL TRIALS FOR NEW MODEL OF HIEH EFFICIENCY

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

. yes it is a good one( BPMRC), but less number of words only (131) it should be 250 to300

:Abstract -2

Fiber optic systems are important telecommunication infrastructure for world-wide

broadband networks. Wide bandwidth signal transmission with low delay is a key
requirement in present day applications. Optical fibers provide enormous and unsurpassed
transmission bandwidth with negligible latency, and are now the transmission medium of
choice for long distance and high data rate transmission in telecommunication networks.
This paper gives an overview of fiber optic communication systems including their key
.technologies, and also discusses their technological trend towards the next generation

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results

.background information/ giving an overview of optical fibers and in what it is used

purpose of investigation/ indicate the main use of the optical fibers in

.telecommunication networks and show its importance

conclusion / optical fibers provide huge transmission medium for long distance
.transmission for high ranges of data and signals

??b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract

 Optical fibers: the technology that transmits information as light pulses along a glass or
.plastic fiber

 telecommunication networks : is a group of nodes interconnected by telecommunications

.links that are used to exchange messages between the nodes

??c) suggest three titles

.OPTICAL FIBERS IN DATA TRANSMISSON

.TELECOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENTS

.FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

no, low number of words (80 word) and didn't include any results or methods ,only
.explained the importance of the topic
:Abstract -3

The prospects for using fiber optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) in optical
communication systems are reviewed. Phase-insensitive amplifiers (PIAs) and phase-
sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) are considered. Low-penalty amplification at/or near 1 Tb/s has
been achieved, for both wavelength- and time-division multiplexed formats. High-quality
mid-span spectral inversion has been demonstrated at 0.64 Tb/s, avoiding electronic
dispersion compensation. All-optical amplitude regeneration of amplitude-modulated signals
has been performed, while PSAs have been used to demonstrate phase regeneration of
phase-modulated signals. A PSA with 1.1-dB noise figure has been demonstrated, and
preliminary wavelength-division multiplexing experiments have been performed with PSAs.
512 Gb/s have been transmitted over 6,000 km by periodic phase conjugation. Simulations
indicate that PIAs could reach data rate x reach products in excess of 14,000 Tb/s × km in
realistic wavelength-division multiplexed long-haul networks. Technical challenges
remaining to be addressed in order for fiber OPAs to become useful for long-haul
.communication networks are discussed

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results

background information/ (OPAS) are used in communication systems ,and there are two
.types of amps can be chosen from to demonstrate the required phase-modulated signal

purpose of investigation/indicate types of amplifiers used in the field of optical fibers in

.communication networks and how they work

methods / trying to avoid electronic dispersion compensation, some improvements were

applied at low amplification (1TB/s),and high-quality mid-span spectral inversion at
.0.64TB/S

results /data of 512gb/s has been transmitted for a distance of 6000*10^3m using
.periodic phase conjunction with PSAs

conclusion /(PIAS)and(PSAS) are two types of amps that are very important in data
transmission working on time division format and the wavelength in much better way by
.14000 times the others

b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract??

. PIAS: Phase-insensitive amplifiers

.PSAS: phase-sensitive amplifiers

.OPAS: optical parametric amplifiers

??c) suggest three titles

.TYPES OF FIBER OPAS

.PIAS & PSAS

.AMPS IN COMMUNICATION NETWOEKS

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

.yes, it is an effective one.(also less words*150)

:Abstract -4

The accomplishment of 1D semiconductor nanowires (SN) in the field of energy has

attracted intense interest in recent years due to their advantageous properties (e.g., large
surface area, unique surface chemistry, and tunable transport properties). Considerable
efforts were devoted to explore 1D-SN building blocks as the harvesting channel/unit (e.g.,
in thermal, chemical, mechanical, and solar energy applications) and as the storage media
(for electrochemical energy). A wide band gap tuning of SN in the range of 0.39 eV (in case
of InAs nanowires) to 4.66 eV (in case of β-Ga2O3 nanowires) due to quantum size effect
makes them a suitable candidate for optoelectronic applications. This review focuses on 1D-
SN wherein the travel of electron and photon is confined in two directions but in one
dimension. The SN emerged as promising nanostructures for developing electronic devices
of high carrier-mobilities (e.g., >12000 cm2V−1s−1 for holes and 3000 cm2V−1s−1 for
electrons in case of Ge nanowires). A list of efficient fabrication strategies (e.g., vapor-liquid-
solid [VLS], hard-template approaches, and solution-phase) are discussed along with
ultrafast electron transport dynamics of SN and piezoelectric nanowires. The control on
electrons, photons, and phonons transport makes 1D-SN ideal for solid-state energy
conversion, harvesting, and storage applications. State-of-the-art 1D-SN energy Nano-
systems have been demonstrated to yield diverse 3 outcomes of high significance including
single-nanowire and array-based photovoltaic cells (InP nanowires with a maximum power
conversion efficiency up to 17.8%), Nano generators (Si Ge nanowires with a maximum
power output of 7.1 μ .W/cm2), super capacitors (core-shell hierarchical CoS@MoS2
nanowire array with an energy density of 95.7 Wh.kg−1 at power density of 711.2 W kg−1),
and lithium-air batteries (3D freestanding hierarchical CuCo2O4 nanowires@Ni foam with an
excellent specific capacity of 13654 m.A.h.g−1 at 0.1 mA cm−2). This review will serve as a
key platform to understand 1D-SN to fabricate the next-generation novel Nano-systems for
.developing efficient energy devices of high performance

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results

background information / Semiconductor nanowires represent a unique system for

exploring phenomena at the Nano scale and are also expected to play a critical role in future
.electronic and optoelectronic devices

purpose of investigation /help to develop and improve the 1D semiconductor nanowires

increasing the efficiency to get higher rate of power ,this will make a leap in the field of
.Nano-system
results / State-of-the-art 1D-SN energy Nano-systems have been demonstrated to yield
diverse outcomes of high significance, in Nano generators , photovoltaic cells and lithium air
battery increasing the density from 95 to~700 ...etc

conclusion / this report describe the factors governing selection among top-down,
bottom-up, and hybrid methods to fabricate nanowire structures depending on their desired
.structural features and applications

??b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract

 SN: semiconductor nanowires (cylindrical semiconducting crystals having a diameter of

.the order of 100 nm or lower and a high (>∼10) length over diameter aspect ratio)

 VLS: vapor-liquid-solid(an effective fabrication strategy)

??c) suggest three titles

.1D-SN AND POWER SYSTEMS

HOW CAN CONTROLLING ON ELECTRONS AND PHOTONS TRANSPORT MAKE SN IDEAL

?CHOICE FOR ENERGY CONVERSION

.  APPLICATIONS OF 1D-SN

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

.yes, it is good ,but only the problem of word are more than 300

* -:Power point examples

Example 1

This article describes results of usability research conducted on the Purdue Online Writing
Lab (OWL). The Purdue OWL is an information-rich educational website that provides free
writing resources to users worldwide. Researchers conducted two generations of usability
tests. In the first test, participants were asked to navigate the OWL and answer questions.
Results of the first test and user-centered scholarship indicated that a more user-centered
focus would improve usability. The second test asked participants to answer writing-related
questions using both the OWL website and a user-centered OWL prototype. Participants
took significantly less time to find information using the prototype and reported a more
positive response to the user-centered prototype than the original OWL. Researchers
conclude that a user-centered website is more effective and can be a model for information-
rich online resources. Researchers also conclude that usability research can be a productive
.source of ideas, underscoring the need for participatory invention

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results
background information /OWL is a website that can provide free confident Information
.suitable for students in all stages of education around the world

purpose of investigation /improve the old website(OWL) and create a new easier
.developed one which is more useful

.methods /by doing two test on both of the site and making uses to decide the results

results /they finally found out that the new prototype is more useful than OWL, as it has
.faster response and take less time in usage

conclusion / the new centered OWL is very useful and productive ,and can be fulfill mean
.of information and a great source of ideas in the coming years

??b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract

.OWL : online writing lab

??c) suggest three titles

.OWL AND CENTERED-OWL

.OWL NEW PROTOTYPE

?WHICH IS BETTER OWL OR CENTERED-OWL

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

.yes ,it is a good abstract

Example 2

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results

background information /conventional heuristic and GA are two solutions used to

.optimize the COP in industry

purpose of investigation /find and develop a new model(hybrid) that works fast and
.more accurate than the GA alone

methods / they made experiments to check how it works in case of conventional

.heuristic looking for the speed ,the time and the size of the algorithm

results /a combined algorithm of both GA and conventional heuristic is performed and

work with better solutions

conclusion / all summaries proposed that the hybrid approach is faster and accurate to
.complete the function of the COP than the other previous models
??b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract

GA : genetic algorithm (method for solving both constrained and unconstrained
optimization problems based on a natural selection process that mimics biological evolution)

.conventional heuristic algorithm(heuristics are shortcut strategies or rules-of-thumb)

.COP : cut order plan( the problem of planning the fabric cut for a set of apparel orders)

??c) suggest three titles

.HYBRID APPROACH FOR BETTER COP

.ALGORITHM AND HEURISTICS TOGHETHER

!?WHAT IF A CONVENTIONAL HEURISTICS ADDED TO GA IN THE COP

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

.yes ,it is a good abstract

Example 3

a) From the abstract extract (don’t copy/paste): Summary of methods/set-up, relevant

??published background information, conclusions, purpose of investigation, results

background information / modeling is the beginning of analysis and its main stone is
.relation between agents ,events and resources

purpose of investigation /clarify the importance of modeling and analysis to the goals of
.the enterprise

conclusion /this will clarify the benefits and uniform the aims formulations and increase
.the traceability among the models

??b) Write an appropriate key words for the abstract

business analysis :the process of transforming data into insights to improve business
.decision

business modeling :it is company's plan for making a profit. It identifies the products or
.services the business plans to sell, its identified target market, and any anticipated expenses

??c) suggest three titles

?WHY DOING BUSINESS MODELLING

.THE IMPORTANCE OF MODELLING TO THE ENTERPRISE

.MODELLING AND THE PROJECT BENEFITS

??d) Have the conditions of a good abstract been considered

.yes ,it is a good abstract

.But with less number of words(110)