Title of the Course Basics of Image Processing

Course Code R20

R204GA04711
Class, Semester, Section IV BTech-I
BTech Semester-Section A
Course Type Theor
Theory
Regulation SRIT R
R-20
Theory Practical
Course Structure Lecture Tutorials Credits Laboratory Credits
3 -- 3 3 1.5
Course Coordinator Mr. G.Chinna Pullaiah

1. Course Pre-requisites:
Level Course Code Semester Prerequisites
B. Tech R204GA54101 I-I Linear Algebra & Calculus
B. Tech R204GA54201 I-II Transforms & Partial Differential
Differenti Equations

2. COURSE OVERVIEW: (Write the description of the course in 30 to 40 words)

To introduce the concepts of image processing and basic analytical methods to be used in image
processing. To Introduce the image transforms, To familiarize students with image enhancement
and restoration techniques, To explain different image compression techniques. To introduce
segmentation and morphological processing techniques.

3. MARKS DISTRIBUTION:
Subject SEE CIE CAA Total Marks
Basics of Image Processing 60 Marks 30 Marks 10 Marks 100 Marks

4. CONTENT DELIVERY / INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:

Power Point Presentations Chalk & Talk Assignments x MOOC
X Open Ended Experiments Seminars X Mini Project x Videos
X Course Project X Others

5. EVALUATION METHODOLOGY:
The course will be evaluated for a total of 100 marks, with 10
0 marks for Continuous Internal
Assessment (CIA) and 60 0 marks for Semester End Examination (SEE). CIA
CIA is conducted for a
total of 10 marks, with 30
0 marks for Con
Continuous
tinuous Internal Examination (CIE), and 10 marks for
Continuous Alternative Assessment (CAA).

Semester End Examination (SEE): End examination of theory courses shall have the
following pattern:
a. There shall be 6 questions and all questions are compulsory.
b. Question 1 shall contain 5 compulsory short answer questions for a total of 10
marks such that each question carries 2 marks. There shall be 1 short answer
questions from each unit.
c. In each of the questions from 2 to 6, there shall be either/or type questions
quest of 10
marks each.
d. Student shall answer any one of them.
e. The questions from 2 to 6 shall be set by covering one unit of the syllabus for each
question.
The expected percentage of cognitive level of the questions is broadly based on the criteria
given in below Table.

Percentage of Cognitive Level Blooms Taxonomy Level

% Remember
% Understand
% Apply
% Analyze

Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA):

CIA is conducted for a total of 40 marks, with 30 marks for continuous internal examination
(CIE) and 10 marks for Continuous Alternative Assessment (CAA).

Component Marks Total Marks

Continuous Internal Examination – 1 (Mid-term) 30
Continuous Internal Examination – 2 (Mid-term) 30
CIA
CAA-1 10 40
CAA-2 10
SEE Semester End Examination (SEE) 60 60
Total Marks 100

Continuous Internal Examination (CIE):

For each theory course, during the semester, there shall be two CIEs. Each CIE will be evaluated
for 30 marks. The first CIE will be conducted for around 50% of the syllabus and the second CIE
will be conducted for the remaining syllabus. Final or consolidated CIE marks will be arrived
considering the marks secured by the student in both the CIEs with 80% weightage given to the
better CIE and 20% to the other. The duration of CIE examination is 120 minutes.

● There shall be 4 questions and all are compulsory.

● Question 1 contains 3 short answer questions from each unit with equal weightage for
a total of 6 marks. The student has to answer all of them.
● Questions 2-4 contains 3 either/ or type questions from each unit with equal
weightage of 8 marks.
● If the student is absent for the CIE examination, no re-exam shall be conducted and
marks for that examination shall be considered as zero.

Continuous Alternative Assessment(CAA)

For each theory course, during the semester, there shall be two CAAs. Each CAA will be evaluated
for 10 marks. The first CAA will be conducted for around 50% of the syllabus and the second CAA
will be conducted for the remaining syllabus. Final or consolidated CAA marks will be arrived by
considering the average of marks secured by the student in both the CAAs. Respective course
coordinator has to evaluate CAAs through Assignment or any other such evaluation methods
depending on the nature of the course. The course coordinator will announce the mode of the CAA
to the respective class at the beginning of the course. It is responsibility of the course coordinator
and Head of the department to maintain the complete record of CAAs and its evaluation.

The final marks for CIA (for 40 marks) =

Consolidated CIE marks (for 30 marks) + Consolidated CAA marks (for 10 marks)
 6. COURSE OBJECTIVES:

From this course the students will try to learn:

I To acquire knowledge about the fundamentals of digital image processing concepts.
II To carry out operations on images using various image transforms.
III To apply the enhancement on images in spatial & frequency domains.
IV To perform the restoration & segmentation techniques.
V To perform image compression using different coding techniques.

7. COURSE OUTCOMES:

After successful completion of the course, students should be able to:

Course Outcomes Cognitive
CO
At the end of the course students will be able to: Level
CO 1 Describe the various concepts of digital image processing. Understand
CO 2 Describe fundamentals of digital image processing. Understand
CO 3 Carry out operations on images using image transforms. Understand
CO 4 Carry out image enhancement in spatial and frequency domain. Understand
Estimate image degradation function and perform image restoration and Understand
CO 5
segmentation.
CO 6 Carry out coding techniques for image compression. Apply

COURSE KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCY LEVEL:

S. No. Cognitive Level No. of COs mapped %

1 Remember
2 Understand 5 83%
3 Apply 1 17%
4 Analyze
5 Evaluate

8. Program Outcomes and & Program Specific Outcomes:

Program Outcomes
PO 1 Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of
complex engineering problems.
PO 2 Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO 3 Design/Development of Solutions: Design solutions for complex Engineering
problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified
needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the
cultural, societal, and Environmental considerations
PO 4 Conduct Investigations of Complex Problems: Use research-based knowledge
and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation
of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
PO 5 Modern Tool Usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources,
and modern Engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
Engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations
PO 6 The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge
to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
 PO 7 Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the
professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and
demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
PO 8 Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
PO 9 Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a
member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO 10 Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities
with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
PO 11 Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and
understanding of the engineering and management principles and apply these to
one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in
multidisciplinary environments.
PO 12 Life-Long Learning: Recognize the need for and having the preparation and
ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of
technological change
Program Specific Outcomes
PSO1 Apply concepts to design and develop multi-disciplinary computing systems and
applications.
PSO2 Develop models in machine learning, deep learning, and big data technologies using
AI knowledge and modern tools.
PSO3 Provide a solid foundation and enhance their abilities to qualify for higher education,
research, and employment in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning with
ethical values.

9. MAPPING OF EACH CO WITH PO(s), PSO(s):

PROGRAM OUTCOMES PSO’S

COs
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO1 X - - - - - - - - - - X - -
CO2 X X - - - - - - - - - - X - -
CO3 X X - - - - - - - - - - X - -
CO4 X X - - - - - - - - X - -
CO5 X X - - - - - - - - - - X - -
CO6 X X - - - - - - - - - X -

10. JUSTIFICATIONS FOR CO – PO/ PSO MAPPING -DIRECT:

POs/PS
Justification for mapping No.of key
CO Os
(Students will be able to) competencies
mapped

Understand the basic concepts and using various algorithms to

PO1 2
design for implement the solution.
CO1
Implement a design for producing the solution for the given problem
PSO1 1
using various general methods.

PO1 Implement operations using elementary data structures for better

performance to find the solution of complex engineering problems. 2

PO2 Identification of a Problem with definition then formulate it to data

CO2 collection and finally developing the solution using data structures 5
operations for better performance..
PSO1
Implement a design for producing the solution for the given problem
1
using various general methods.

Design and implement real world problems of Greedy and D&C

CO3 PO1 2
Methods.
 Identification of a Problem with definition then formulate it to data
PO2 collection and finally developing the solution to the real world 5
problems for better performance.

Design and implement the application software for Greedy and

PSO1 1
D&C Methods.

Design and implement real world problems of Dynamic and

PO1 2
Backtracking methods using optimization problems.

Identification of a Problem with definition then formulate it to data

CO4 PO2 collection and finally developing the solution to the optimization 5
problems for better performance.

Design and implement the application software for Dynamic and

PSO1 1
Backtracking methods using optimization problems.

Design and implement real world problems of LC Branch and Bound

PO1 2
methods using Combinatorial optimization problems.
Identification of a Problem with definition then formulate it to data
CO5 PO2 collection and finally developing the solution to the combinatorial 5
optimization problems for better performance.
Design and implement the application software for LC Branch
and Bound
PSO1 1
methods using Combinatorial optimization problems.

Understand the Mathematical Principles and engineering disciplines to

PO1 2
integrate.
CO6
Identification of a Problem with definition then formulate it to data
PO2 5
collection and finally developing the solution.

Design and implement the application software for reduction

PSO1 1
problems.

11. TOTAL COUNT OF KEY COMPETENCIES FOR CO – PO/ PSO MAP- PING:
PROGRAM OUTCOMES PSO’S
COs
PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9 PO 10 PO 11 PO 12 PSO 1 PSO 2 PSO 3

CO 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 2 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 3 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 4 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 5 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 6 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -

12. PERCENTAGE OF KEY COMPETENCIES FOR CO – PO/ PSO

PROGRAM OUTCOMES PSO’S
PSO
PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9 PO 10 PO 11 PO 12 PSO 2 PSO 3
1
COs
No. of Vital Features
3 10 10 11 1 5 3 3 12 5 12 12 2 2 2
CO 1 66.66 - - - - - - - - - - - 50 - -
CO 2 66.66 50 - - - - - - - - - - 50 - -
CO 3 66.66 50 - - - - - - - - - - 50 - -
CO 4 66.66 50 - - - - - - - - - - 50 - -
CO 5 66.66 50 - - - - - - - - - - 50 - -
CO 6 66.66 50 - - - - - - - - - - 50 - -
13. COURSE ARTICULATION MATRIX (PO / PSO MAPPING):
The Correlation levels of POs and PSOs are as follows.
Correlation Level 3: Percentage of vital features of PO/PSO >=60%
Correlation Level 2: Percentage of vital features of PO/PSO >40% and < 60%.
Correlation Level 1: Percentage of vital features of PO/PSO >5% and <= 40%.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES PSO’S

PSO
PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7 PO 8 PO 9 PO 10 PO 11 PO 12 PSO 2 PSO 3
1
COs
No. of Vital Features
3 10 10 11 1 5 3 3 12 5 12 12 2 2 2
CO 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 2 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 3 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 4 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 5 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -
CO 6 2 5 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -

14. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

DOLOGY-DIRECT:

CIE Exams Laboratory Practices Term Paper

SEE Exams Student Viva 5 minutes video
Seminars Certification Course Project
Assignments Open ended experiments Others

15. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY-INDIRECT:
Assessment of mini projects
ojects by experts Course Exit Survey

16. SYLLABUS:

Basics of Image Processing

(Open Elective-III)

IV B.Tech - I Semester SRIT R20

Course Code Category Hours/Week Credit Maximum Marks
s
L T P C
CIA SEE Total
R204GA04711 PCC 3 0 0 3
40 60 100
Unit I- Introduction to Digital Image Processing
Introduction to Digital Image processing – Fundamental steps in digital image processing,
components of a n image processing system, Elements of Visual Perception, image sensing and
acquisition, image sampling and quantization, some basic relationships between pixels, An
introduction to the mathematical tools used in digital image processing.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, the student will be able to
1. Describe the fundamental concept of Imaging.
2. Describe the operations that can be applied on pixels of an image.
Unit II- Image Transforms
Need for image transforms, Discrete Fourier trans
transform
form (DFT) of one variable, Extension to functions
of two variables, some properties of the 2 2-D Discrete Fourier transform, Discrete Cosine Transforms,
Walsh Transform. Hadamard Transform
ransform.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, the student will be able to
1. Implement transforms to represent images in frequency domain.
2. Compare the properties of different transforms.
Unit III –Image Filtering & Enhancement
Background enhancement by point processing, Histogram processing, Spatial filtering, Enhancement
in frequency Domain, Image smoothing, Image sharpening, Colour image Enhancement.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, the student will be able to
1. Describe the need for image enhancement.
2. Carryout image enhancement in special & frequency domain.
Unit IV –Image Restoration and Image Segmentation
A Model of the Image Degradation/Restoration Process, Inverse Filtering – Minimum Mean Square
Error Filtering, Constrained Least Squares Filtering, Image Segmentation: Fundamentals, Point, Line
and Edge Detection, Thresholding, Region - Based Segmentation.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, the student will be able to.
1. Describe the difference between image enhancement and restoration.
2. Perform various image segmentation techniques.
Unit V –Image Compression
Redundancies in Images, Basic Compression models: Huffman Coding, Arithmetic Coding, LZW
Coding, Run – Length Coding, Bit Plane Coding.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, the student will be able to
1. Describe the need for image compression & types of compressions.
2. Perform coding techniques to remove redundancy in images to implement compression.
Text Books:

1. R.C .Gonzalez& R.E. Woods, “Digital Image Processing”, Addison Wesley/Pearson

education,3rd Edition, 2010.
2. A .K. Jain, “Fundamentals of Digital Image processing”, PHI.
Reference Books:

1. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E woods and Steven L.Eddins, “Digital Image processing using
MATLAB”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.
2. S jayaraman, S Esakkirajan, T Veerakumar, “Digital Image processing”, Tata McGraw Hill.
3. William K. Pratt, “Digital Image Processing”, 3rd Edition, John Wilely, 2004.
4. Scotte Umbaugh,”Digital Image Processing and Analysis – Human and Computer Vision
Application with using CVIP Tools”, 2 nd Edition, CRC Press, 2011.
e-Resources:

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, student will be able to
1. Describe the various concepts of digital image processing.
2. Describe fundamentals of digital image processing.
3. Carry out operations on images using image transforms.
4. Carry out image enhancement in spatial and frequency domain.
5. Estimate image degradation function and perform image restoration and segmentation.
6. Carry out coding techniques for image compression.

Google Classroom Link:

CSM-IV BTech-I Semester- Basics of Image Processing (R204GA04711)

Section A: https://classroom.google.com/c/NTU0NTM1MTU5NTQ5
17. Academic Calendar & Lesson Plan:

Academic Calendar:

I Spell of instructions 17-07-2023 to 17-09-2023 9 Weeks

I CIE 18-09-2023 to 24-09-2023 1 Week
II Spell of instructions 25-09-2023 to 19-11-2023 8 Weeks
II CIE 20-11-2023 to 26-11-2023 1 Week
Preparation and Practicals 27-11-2023 to 03-12-2023 1 Weeks
End Examinations 04-12-2023 to 17-12-2023 2 Weeks

Lesson Plan:
Mode of Periods Books Scheduled
Sr. No. Topics to be covered
Delivery Required followed Date

Unit I- Introduction to Digital Image Processing

17,18
1 Introduction to Digital Image processing ICT 2 T1
/07/2023
19,20
2 Fundamental steps in digital image processing ICT 2 T1
/07/2023
3 components of a n image processing system ICT 1 T1 20/07/2023

24,25
4 Elements of Visual Perception ICT 2 T1
/07/2023
26,27
5 image sensing and acquisition ICT 2 T1
/07/2023
27,31
6 image sampling and quantization ICT 3 T1 /07/2023 &
01/08/2023
02,03
7 some basic relationships between pixels ICT 2 T1
/08/2023
An introduction to the mathematical tools used in 03,07
8 ICT 2 T1
digital image processing /08/2023
08,09
9 Revision for Unit-I ICT 2 T1
/08/2023
Total no of classes: 18
Unit II- Image Transforms
10 Introduction to Image Transforms ICT 1 T1 10/08/2023
10,14
11 Need for image transforms ICT 2 T1
/08/2023
16,17
12 Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of one variable C&T 2 T1
/08/2023
17,21,22
13 Extension to functions of two variables C&T 3 T1
/08/2023
23,24
14 some properties of the 2-D Discrete Fourier transform C&T 3 T1
/08/2023
28,29
15 Discrete Cosine Transforms C&T 2 T1
/08/2023
30,31
16 Walsh Transform C&T 2 T1
/08/2023
31/08/2023 &
17 Hadamard Transform C&T 2 T1
04/09/2023
05,06
18 Revision for Unit-II ICT 2 T1
/08/2023
Total no of classes: 19
Unit III –Image Filtering & Enhancement
19 Introduction to Image Filtering & Enhancement ICT 1 T1 11/09/2023
12,13
20 Background enhancement by point processing ICT 2 T1
/09/2023
21 Histogram processing ICT 2 T1 14/09/2023

22 Spatial filtering ICT 1 T1 25/09/2023

26,27
23 Enhancement in frequency Domain ICT 2 T1
/09/2023
03,04
24 Image smoothing ICT 2 T1
/10/2023
25 Image sharpening ICT 2 T1 05/10/2023
 09,10
26 Colour image Enhancement ICT 2 T1
/10/2023
11,12
27 Revision for Unit-III ICT 2 T1
/10/2023
Total no of classes: 16
Unit IV –Image
Image Restoration and Image Segmentation
Introduction Image Restoration and Image
28 ICT 1 T1 12/10/2023
Segmentation
29 A Model of the Image Degradation/Restoration Process ICT 1 T1 16/10/2023
17,18
30 Inverse Filtering ICT 2 T1
/10/2023
31 Minimum Mean Square Error Filtering ICT 1 T1 19/10/2023

32 Constrained Least Squares Filtering

iltering ICT 1 T1 19/10/2023

33 Image Segmentation: Fundamentals ICT 1 T1 23/10/2023

25,26
34 Point, Line and Edge Detection ICT 2 T1
/10/2023
35 Thresholding ICT 1 T1 26/10/2023

30,31
36 Region - Based Segmentation ICT 2 T1
/10/2023
01,02
37 Revision for Unit-IV ICT 2 T1
/11/2023
Total 14

Unit V –Image Compression

02,06
38 Introduction Image Compression ICT 2 T1
/11/2023
39 Redundancies in Images ICT 1 T1 07/11/2022

40 Basic Compression models ICT 1 T1 08/11/2022

41 Huffman Coding ICT 2 T1 09/11/2022

42 Arithmetic Coding ICT 1 T1 13/11/2022

43 LZW Coding ICT 1 T1 14/11/2022

44 Run – Length Coding ICT 1 T1 15/11/2022

45 Bit Plane Coding ICT 1 T1 16/12/2022

46 Revision for Unit-IV ICT 1 T1 16/11/2023

Total 11

Total no of classes required 78

18. Content beyond the Syllabus

COs
S. No. Topics covered beyond the syllabus
Mapped
1 Applications of Image Processing CO1
2 Properties of 2-DFT CO3
3 Slant Transform CO3
4 Image Compression Model CO6
5 Image Compression Schemes CO6

Course Coordinator Head of the Department