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Modal Verbs 09-05

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12 views

Modal Verbs 09-05

Uploaded by

aa.ma.ce.21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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APTIS

GENERAL
ERASMO ONLINE
Date:
Teacher:
TODAY IN ERASMO ONLINE…
● Types of modals

○ Modals of ability
INDEX

○ Modals of certainty / possibility

○ Modals of obligation and permission

○ Modals of permission

○ Modals of advice

○ Modals of expectation and regret

● Modals in the past


MODALS OF ABILITY
- Can (Can’t) / Be able to 🡪 Ability (lack of ability) in the present
- I can / am able to rap pretty well.

- Could (couldn’t) 🡪 General ability in the past


- He couldn’t swim a couple of years ago.

- I could ski when I was a child.

- Was/were able to 🡪 Single event of ability in the past (specific occasion)


- We were able to win that competition.

- I was able to pass my B2 exam (=managed) (it involves some difficulties)

- Be able to 🡪 After another modal verb or in a different tense


- I may be able to practise more. // I’ll be able to win that trophy if I train properly.
MODALS OF CERTAINTY / POSSIBILITY
- Must 🡪 We are sure something is true

- This must be from him.

- Can’t / Couldn’t 🡪 We are sure something is not true

- That can’t be Ángela. She is not that tall.

- Might / May/ Could 🡪 We think something is possible


- This essay may be Aarón’s but I’m not sure.

- Might not / May not 🡪 We think something is uncertain


- We can go to her house, but she might not be there.
MODALS OF OBLIGATION

- Must 🡪 Inside orders


- I must wash the dishes now.

- Have to 🡪 Rules and laws


- You have to wear a uniform in this university.

- Must is used in the present. Have to in all the tenses


- You ***will must do your homework 🡪 You will have to do your homework.
MODALS OF PROHIBITION
- Mustn’t / can’t / not be allowed / not be permitted [SEMI MODALS] 🡪 PROHIBITION
- You mustn’t / can’t drink alcohol here. // It is not allowed / permitted to drink alcohol here.

- Don’t have to / don’t need to / needn’t 🡪 LACK OF OBLIGATION


- I don’t have to wake up early today. It’s Saturday!

- You don’t need to do your project today!

- Didn’t need to (not necessary, and you didn’t do it) / needn’t have + participle
(not necessary but I didn it)
- I didn’t need to wash my T-shirt because it was clean.

- I needn’t have washed my T-shirt, but I did. ***


MODALS OF ADVICE
- Should / shouldn’t / ought to / had better 🡪 Give advice
- You should tell your friends. / You ought to tell your friends. / You’d better tell your friends.

- Should 🡪 Ask for advice


- Should I tell my friends?

- Must(n’t) 🡪 Strong advice


- The exam is tomorrow! You must study now if you want to pass!

- You must turn off the lights if you’re leaving home.

- You must watch the new Avengers film. I’m sure you’ll love it.
MODALS OF EXPECTATION AND REGRET

- Should 🡪 we expect something to happen / a situation is not how we


expected
- We should win easily // My wallet should be on my desk

- Should(n’t) have 🡪 in the past (+PP)


- They shouldn’t have been so selfish
MODALS IN THE PAST

- MODAL + have + past participle


- I wasn’t sure were she was, but she may have been at the bus stop.

■ Possibility/certainty

● Someone broke the window. John must have done it, because he
was playing football there.

■ Advice - show regret or criticism.

● You should have seen the doctor earlier.


PRACTICE
1) ____________ you play the piano when you were five?

2) ____________ you play the piano?

3) You ____________ tell anyone my secret!!!

4) This is really good! They ___________ have a really good chef here!

5) I _________ bought some milk yesterday, but I didn’t.

6) You ____________ wear anything special, but you can wear a suit if you want.

7) I ________ started saving money years ago. Now it’s too late.
PRACTICE
8) We are better than them so we _________ score 5 goals at least.
9) You ____________ drink more coffee if you want to sleep well tonight.
10) We ________ wear trainers in class. We __________ wear shoes!
11) You ____________ practised more before your speech.
12) They _____________________ arrive to the party on time, so they’ll
come later.
ANY QUESTIONS???

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