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Sampling Basics

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15 views

Sampling Basics

Uploaded by

jjeevananthankolanji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Acceptance sampling is a process used to decide whether a batch of products should be accepted

or rejected based on inspecting a sample. It’s commonly used in quality control to check if products
meet certain standards.
1. Types of Acceptance Sampling:
Sampling by Attributes: Here, items are simply classified as "conforming" (meets
standards) or "nonconforming" (doesn’t meet standards), without detailing the level of
conformity.
Sampling by Variables: In this approach, a measurable quality characteristic (e.g., weight,
length) is inspected, and specific values are recorded.
2. When Acceptance Sampling is Used:
During inspection of incoming materials or components.
During different stages of production.
During final product inspection.
Between companies (e.g., vendor and manufacturer) or within departments of the same
company.
3. Limitations of Acceptance Sampling:
It does not improve or control the process quality itself; it only evaluates whether a batch
meets standards.
Some batches may be accepted while others are rejected even if they have similar quality.

Advantages of Sampling Over 100% Inspection (Checking Every Item):


1. Less Damage with Destructive Testing: When testing would destroy the item, full inspection
isn’t possible, making sampling necessary.
2. Cost-Effectiveness: Sampling is often cheaper and quicker, especially when inspection costs or
time are high.
3. Reduced Errors Due to Fatigue: Inspecting every single item in large batches can lead to
mistakes from inspector fatigue. Sampling reduces this risk.
4. Encourages Quality Improvement: Since a whole batch can be rejected, there’s a motivation to
ensure products meet quality standards.

Disadvantages of Sampling:
1. Risk of Mistakes (Producer’s and Consumer’s Risk): There’s a chance of wrongly rejecting
good batches (producer’s risk) or accepting bad ones (consumer’s risk).
2. Less Product Information: Compared to 100% inspection, sampling provides less detailed
information about each item.
3. Planning Time: Setting up a sampling plan requires careful planning and documentation.

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