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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 viewsMotion in Hum
Motion
Uploaded by
erpankaj369Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 14
fest your concepts eee
Very short answer type questions
1. Give the three equations of motion for a particle moving in one dimension.
2. A stone is dropped from the top ofa tower and allowed to travel freely under gravity, what is the initial
velocity of the stone?
3. If the final velocities of two bodies falling freely is 4 : 3, then the ratio of the heights from which they
fall is
4. Give two examples of projectile motion,
5. What is meant by the range of a projectile?
6. Explain the motion of body undergoing circular motion with an example,
7. A particle in uniform circular motion has uniform speed but non-uniform
8. Define time of ascent and time of descent.
9. When is a body said to be at rest and when is it said to be in motion?
10. A body projected with certain velocity making an angle other than 90° to horizontal is known as
11. What are scalar and vector quantities? Give some examples.
12. Does the velocity remain the same in case of uniform circular motion?
13. What are the C.G.S. and M.K-S. units of distance and displacement?
14. A particle in one dimensional motion, moving with constant velocity must have acceleration.
15. What is meant by time of flight?
16. Why is distance called a scalar quantity and displacement a vector quantity?
17. Ifa body does not change its position with respect to its surroundings, the body is said to be
18. What is uniform circular motion?
19. Give the C.G.S. and M.KS. units of velocity and speed.
20. Retardation is a quantity.
21. What physical quantity is plotted on X-axis for all types of graphs representing motion of a body?
22. What is meant by acceleration and retardation?
23. A ficely falling body travels with
24, When is a body said to have zero acceleration? 25. One body is dropped from the top of a tower and the other is projected vertically upwards.
Can the acceleration due to gravity be the same?
26. A particle moves from P to Q with a uniform velocity v, and Q to P with a velocityV,. Ifit moves along
a straight line between P and Q then its average velocity will be
27. Give examples of bodies moving under the influence of gravity.
28. A body moving along a straight line between two places moves with a velocity v, for first half of time
to travel between the places and with a velocity v, for the remaining half time. Then its average velocity
is
29. What is the acceleration of a body when the velocity remains constant?
30. What is a trajectory?
Short answer type questions
31. Derive an expression for maximum height reached when a body is projected vertically upwards,
32. A water tank is placed on the top of a building of height 19 m, Water overflowing from the tank was
found to reach the ground in 2 seconds. Find the height of the tank. (g = 10 m s*)
33. What are the different types of motion? Give an example for each,
34. Derive an expression for the time taken by a body which is thrown vertically upwards to reach maximum
height,
35. Ifa runner with an initial velocity covers 200 em in the 2nd second and 220 cm in the 4th second. What
is the initial velocity and the acceleration of the runner? (Assume the acceleration is uniform)
36. Show that the time of ascent and the time of descent are equal for a body in vertical motion.
OR
Show that the time of flight is equal to (2u)/g.
37. Derive v =u tat.
38. The driver of a TGV travelling at a speed of 90 m s" sights a truck on the rail track at a distance of
1 km ahead.Then he applies the brakes to decelerate the train at the rate of 5 m s*.What is the distance
travelled by the train before coming to rest? Will the train collide with the truck?
39. Derive an expression for time of descent.
40. A body dropped from the top of a cliff reaches the ground in 5 s. Find the height of the cliff
41. Give the equations of motion of a body projected vertically upwards.
42. A train travels from one station to another station at an average a speed of 40 km bh” and returns back
to the first station at an average speed of 60 km hr! Find the average speed and average velocity of the
train? Ignore the stoppage time at the second station, 43. From the velocity-time graph given below, for a body projected vertically upwards,
() find the velocity of projection
(i) maximum height attained by the body
=
&
Velocity (m s-2 )
44. Determine ‘a’ of the object which
(a) moves in a straight line with a constant speed of 20 m s" for 12 seconds
(b) changes its velocity from 0 mh” to 360 m min in 4.2 s,
45. Give the equations of motion of a body falling under gravity, being dropped from a certain height.
Essay type questions
46. Explain the characteristics of the following graphs,
A. Displacement-time
B. Velocity-time
C. Acceleration—time
47. Derive
a
+2 @n-1
u 3m )
48. Derive s = ut+ =
2
1
49. Obtain s = ut + at’ by graphical method.
50. Derive v? 2as. CONCEPT APPLICATION Ré
Concept Application Level—1
Direction for questions 1 to 7: State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. A body moves with retardation when it is projected vertically upwards,
2. A body is projected vertically up. On reaching maximum height, its velocity becomes zero,
Velocity-time graph can be used to find the displacement.
4. Ifa body moves with constant velocity, its displacement depends on the square of time.
5. When two balls of different masses are thrown vertically upwards with the same initial speed, the
heavier body rises to greater height than the lighter body.
6. Equations of motion are applicable only when a body moves with uniform velocity.
7. The distance travelled by a freely falling body in ev
y successive second is the same
Direction for questions 8 to 14: Fill in the blanks.
8. The ratio of velocities acquired by a freely falling body starting from rest at the end of 1 second and
2 seconds is
9. If a stone is thrown vertically up and it is caught after time t seconds, then the maximum height
reached by it is
10. Area under the velocity-time graph gives
11. A body projected with certain velocity making an angle other than 90° to horizontal is known as
12. The ratio of magnitude of average velocity to average speed is
13. The directions of both displacement and average velocity are
14. is produced in a body whenever there is a change in its velocity. BA
Direction for question 15: Match the entries in column A with the appropriate ones
in column B.
15.
A. Uniform Velocity Oa 8
4a
B. Uniform acceleration with initial () b s
velocity
+
Uniform acceleration Oo s
+:
D. Increasing acceleration () 4 v
G,
E. Uniform retardation Oe s
+S,
FE Decreasing acceleration at steady rate. () a
+>:
G. Uniform acceleration with ini () a
displacement *
431
H. Body at rest with initial displacement () — h. a
hk
aS
Direction for questions 16 to 30: For each of the questions, four choices have been provided.
Select the correct option.
16. The ratio of magnitude of displacement to distance is always
(1) less than 1 (2) greater than 1
(3) equal to 1 (4) lesser than or equal to 1 17. The ratio of the heights from which two bodies are dropped is 3 : 5 respectively.
The ratio of their final velocities is
() V5:V3 @ vB:v5
(3) 9:25 (4) 5:3
18. The variation of the velocity ofa particle moving along a straight line is illustrated in the graph given
below.The distance covered by the particle in 4 seconds is m
(t) 20 Q 35 (3) 40 (4) 55
19. An ant moves from one corner of a hall to the diagonally opposite corner. If the dimensions of the hall
are 8 m x 6 m, the displacement of the ant is m
(1) 14 @ 10 3) 28 2
20. The figure given below shows the displacement-time curve of the particles P and Q. Which of the
following statements is correct?
(1) Both P and Q move with uniform equal speed. P
(2) P is accelerated and Q is retarded.
(3) Both P and Q move with uniform speed, but the speed of
P is more than the speed of Q
(4) Both P and Q move with uniform speeds but the speed of =
Q is more than the speed of P.
st — >
24. When brakes are applied, the velocity of a car changes from 40 ms“! to 10 ms“! in 10 s.The acceleration
produced in it is ms?
(ly -3 2 3 GB) -5 @ 5
22. Ifa body starts from rest and moves with uniform acceleration, then
(i) vee (2) sxe @G) ves 4) save
23. If a body is projected vertically upwards then on reaching maximum height its
(1) velocity is zero and the acceleration is not zero.
2) velocity is not zero and the acceleration is zero.
3) both velocity and acceleration are not zero.
(4) both velocity and acceleration are zero. BA
24. The ratio of the times taken by a body moving with uniform acceleration in reaching two
points P and Q along a straight line path is 1 : 2. If the body starts from rest and moves
linearly, the ratio of the distances of P and Q from the starting point is
() 41 (2) 1:4 @) 2:3 (4) 3:1
25. A body with an initial velocity of 3 m s moves with an acceleration of 2 m s, then the distance
travelled in the 4th second is
(ty) 10 @ 6 @)7 (4) 28
26. A bus travels the first one-third distance at a speed of 10 km hr', the next one-third distance at a speed
of 20 km hr! and the next one-third distance at a speed of 30 km h”!,The average speed of the bus is
(1) 20ms" 2 =m s! @) em s! (4) 30ms"
27. Which of the following graphs indicates that a body is undergoing retardation?
a) (2
t/ a
sn .—}
@) (4
a s
sn
28. The velocity of a body is given by the equation v = 6 ~ 0.02 t, where t is the time taken. The body is
undergoing
(1) uniform retardation (2) uniform acceleration.
(3) non-uniform acceleration (4) zero-acceleration
29. A body starts from rest and moves with uniform acceleration for 2 s. It then decelerates uniformly for
3 sand stops. If deceleration is 4 ms, the acceleration of the body is, ms
() 10 87 @) 4 (4) 6
30. Density is a quantity.
(1) scalar Q) derived (3) neither (1) nor 2) 4) Both (1) and @)
Concept Application Level—2
31. Show that for a body projected vertically up from the ground, the distance travelled by it in the last
second of its upward motion is a constant independent of its initial velocity. ) BA
32. A ball is dropped from a tower of height 80 m.At the same time, another ball is projected
33.
34.
horizontally from the tower. Find the time taken by both the balls to reach the ground.
(Take g = 10 ms)
A person travels the total distance in two parts in the ratio 2 : 1 with a constant speed of 30 km h"' in
the first part and 40 km h~' in the second part. What will be the average speed of the journey?
A balloon starts rising from the ground, vertically upwards, uniformly at the rate of 1 m s"'At the end
of 4 seconds a body was released from the balloon. Calculate the time taken by the released body to
reach the ground.Take g = 10 ms"?
35. A pendulum of length 28 cm oscillates such that its string makes an angle of 30° from the vertical when.
it is at one of the extreme positions. Find the ratio of the distance to displacement of the bob of the
pendulum when it moves from one extreme position to the other.
36. A cannon fires a shell with a speed of 84 m s'.When the cannon is inclined at 45°, the horizontal
distance covered is observed as 630 m. What is the percentage decrease in the horizontal distance
observed due to air resistance?
37. A stone is dropped from a certain height on earth and it takes 12 seconds to reach the ground. If the
same stone is dropped from the same height on moon, find the time that it will take to reach the
surface of the moon. Ignore the air resistance. Given g,, = 1g,
38. The distance travelled by a body in the nth second is given by the expression (2 + 3n). Find the initial
39.
velocity and acceleration. Also, find the final velocity at the end of 2 seconds.
For a body that is dropped from a height, find the ratio of the velocities acquired at the end of
1 second, 2 seconds and 3 seconds respectively.
40. The ratio of distance described by a body falling freely from rest in the last second of its motion to that
in last but one second of its motion is 5 : 4. Find the total time taken by the body to reach the ground.
41. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity such that it can reach a maximum height
of 15 m, If, at the same instance, a stone is dropped from a height of 15 m, find the ratio of distances
travelled by them when they cross each other.
42. A body projected vertically up crosses points A and B separated by 28 m with velocities one-third and
one-fourth of the initial velocity respectively. What is the maximum height reached by it above the ground?
43. A body is dropped from a certain height. Plot a displacement-time, velocity-time and acceleration —
time graphs of the body.
/ BA
44. Given below is the displacement-time graph of a body moving in a straight line. Find the
distance covered at the end of 4 seconds. Also find the displacement of the body at the end
of 12 seconds
(in m)
45. A car moves linearly with uniform retardation. If the car covers 40 m in the last 2 seconds of its motion,
what is the velocity of the car at the beginning of the last second?
Concept Application Level—3
46. Are all physical quantities that have magnitude and direction vectors? Give example to support your
answer. When is a physical quantity called a vector?
47. A body is dropped from a certain height above the ground. Its time of descent is 5 s. But at t = 3 s, the
body is stopped and then released, What is the remaining time the body should travel to reach the ground?
48. A body is dropped from a height of 2 m. It penetrates into the sand on the ground through a distance
of 10 cm before coming to rest. What is the retardation of the body in the sand?
49. A car starts from rest and moves with uniform acceleration of ct m s® along a straight line. It then
retards uniformly at a rate B ms? and stops. If t’ is the time elapsed since it starts moving and stops,
find the average speed of the car.
50. A ball thrown vertically upwards with speed ‘u’ from the top of a tower reaches the ground in
9 seconds. Another ball thrown vertically downwards from the same position with speed ‘u’, takes
4 seconds to reach ground, Calculate the value of‘u’. (Take g = 10 m s”) key points for
selected questions
Very short answer type questions
Leveutats= ut + atv
2.u=0 2
3. 16:9
4. A ball kicked horizontally from a building, a
missile fired from a cannon.
w? = 2as
5. Maximum distance covered by a projectile along
the horizontal.
6. A person seated in a merry-go-round.
7. Velocity
8. Time taken by a body projected vertically up to
reach maximum height-time of ascent,
Time taken by a freely falling body to reach the
ground-time of descent.
9. Rest-change in position w.r.t surroundings and
time.
Motion-no change in position w.r.t
surroundings and time.
10
11. Scalar-Quantities that have only magnitude .
Projectile
Vectors-Quantities that have magnitude as well
as direction.
12. No, only magnitude remain constant.
13.
14. zero
‘m,m.
15. Sum of time of ascent and time of descent.
16. Distance does not depend on direction while
displacement depends.
17. at rest
18. Motion of a body with constant angular velocity.
19. cms',mst
20. Vector or physical
24. Time
22. Rate of change of velocity-acceleration.
Negative acceleration-retardation.
23. Uniform acceleration
24. Uniform velocity.
25. Yes
26. zero
27. An apple falling from a tree, a ball dropped fom
the top of a building,
vitvs
28, +
2
29. zero
30. Path traced by a projectile.
Short answer type questions
31. At maximum height the velocity of the body is,
zer0.
32.h fee Ans: 1m
33. Consider variations in velocity.
34.v=utat
5.4
