Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus
LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1
MAGNETISM and ELECTROMAGNETISM
A. MAGNETISM
DISCUSSION
Magnets play a big part in our everyday lives. Most of the time, we only think of those little
things that hold our papers on the refrigerator or of what makes a compass work, but magnetism helps us
in many other ways that we usually never see or notice. Our credit cards, computer hard drives, motors,
generators, and speakers all use magnetism. The earth is one giant magnet, too! If we use magnets in so
many different areas of our lives, we should understand how they work and how we’re able to use them in
technology.
OBJECTIVES
Determine the direction of magnetic lines of magnetic field.
Distinguish the differences of magnetic field between like and unlike poles
MATERIALS
2 sets of magnetic bars
2 oz of iron powder/dust Clear plastics
Long bond papers
PROCEDURE
Part I
1. Place one bar magnet on top of one long bond paper then place the clear plastic on top of bar
magnet.
2. Lightly sprinkle the iron powder uniformly over the clear plastic and then give the paper
some gentle taps to make the powder align with the magnetic field.
3. Observe what happens.
Part II
1. Repeat Part I but with two magnets place in parallel position, keeping opposite pole on one
side. Keep a 3-5 inches distance between magnets.
2. Observe what happens.
Part III
1. Repeat Part I but with two magnets arranged in one straight line. Position North pole of each
magnet in the middle making same pole facing each other. Keep 1 inch distance between the
magnets.
2. Observe what happens.
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
1. What do you notice about the interaction of the bar magnets?
2. What materials interact with the magnets and how do they interact? What do all the materials that
interact with the magnets have in common?
3. What did you observe when you sprinkled the iron powder over the clear plastic covering the bar
magnet? the parallel magnet? the one-line magnets? Draw what you observed.
4. Explain why the iron powder behaved that way. Explain for each part.
GCH Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines
+63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2117
www.batstate-u.edu.ph [email protected]
Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus
B. ELECTROMAGNETISM
DISCUSSION
Electromagnetic induction is a complementary phenomenon to electromagnetism. Instead of
producing a magnetic field from electricity, we produce electricity from a magnetic field. There is one
crucial difference, though, whereas electromagnetism has a steady magnetic field from a steady electric
current, electromagnetic induction requires motion between the magnet and the coil to produce a voltage.
OBJECTIVES
Determine the effects of electricity on magnetism
Determine the effect length and wrap of wire as a coil to magnetism.
MATERIALS
2m of 3.5 or 5.5 mm2 solid copper wire
One pc of 3-inch iron nail
One pc of 5-inch iron nail
One pc of DC Dry Cell
10-20 pcs metal paper clip
PROCEDURE
Wire Wraps
1. Prepare the materials such as the 5-inch nail, solid copper wire, DC Dry Cell, and several
paper clips.
2. Wrap the nails with copper wire at a 3-inch height and place it in the middle of the nail. Make
sure to allocate the allowable size to connect to the dry cell.
3. Strip about a half-inch (13 mm) of the insulation off both ends of the wire. Don't cut the wire;
just cut the insulation.
4. Connect each wire end to the dry cell's top and bottom.
5. Point the pointed end of the nail to the paper clip and raise it to attract. Count the number of
paper clips being drawn.
6. Record the data in table 1.
7. Repeat steps 1 to 5 with the variation of the wrapping height of the copper wire to 3-inch and
2-inch.
NOTE: Be aware that touching a wire to both poles of a battery causes a "short circuit" that quickly drains the
battery of its power. The current can also heat the wire (due to resistance) to the point where it will burn your
fingers as you hold it on the poles. The load you put on the wire making the solenoid may reduce the heat produced
but be aware of possible injury.
Nail Sizes
1. Prepare the materials such as the 5-inch nail, 3-inch nail, solid copper wire, DC Dry Cell, and
several paper clips.
2. Wrap the 3-inch nails with copper wire at a 2-inch height and place it in the middle of the
nail. Make sure to allocate the allowable size to connect to the dry cell.
3. Strip about a half-inch (13 mm) of the insulation off both ends of the wire. Don't cut the wire;
just cut the insulation.
4. Connect each wire end to the dry cell's top and bottom.
5. Point the pointed end of the nail to the paper clip and raise it to attract. Count the number of
paper clips being drawn.
6. Record the data in table 2.
7. Repeat steps 1 to 5 with the variation of length of the iron nail to 3-inch and 5-inch Video
GCH Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines
+63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2117
www.batstate-u.edu.ph [email protected]
Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus
Link:
GCH Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines
+63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2117
www.batstate-u.edu.ph [email protected]
Pablo Borbon
Alangilan Campus
Campus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVI6fVc8kuM&feature=emb_logo
Table 1: Effect of Height of Wire Wraps on Magnetism
HEIGHT OF WIRE TOTAL NUMBER OF PAPER CLIPS ATTRACTED
2-inch
3-inch
4-inch
Table 2: Effect of Length of Nail on Magnetism
LENGTH OF IRON NAIL TOTAL NUMBER OF PAPER CLIPS ATTRACTED
3-inch
5-inch
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
1. What difference does the thickness/height of the coil wrap wire make in the effectiveness of your
magnet?
2. What happens if you use different lengths of iron nails to make your electromagnet?
3. Relate the effects of electricity to magnetism and how electricity is produced from a magnetic
field.
GCH Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines
+63 43 425 - 0139 loc. 2117
www.batstate-u.edu.ph [email protected]
