2

NCERT LINE BY LINE QUESTIONS

(1.) Which one of the following electrolytes has the same value of Van’t Hoff factor (i) as that of Al2 ( SO 4 )3
(if all are 100% ionized))
(a.) K 4  Fe ( CN )6  (b.) K 2SO 4

(c.) K 3  Fe ( CN )6  (d.) Al ( NO3 )3

(2.) Maximum amount of a solid solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of a given liquid solvent
does not depend upon—
(a.) temperature (b.) nature of solute
(c.) pressure (d.) nature of solvent

(3.) If solute and solvent interactions are more than solute‐solute and solvent-solvent interaction then
(a.) it is ideal solution. (b.) it is non‐ideal solution with position deviation.
(c.) it is non‐ideal solution with negative deviation. (d.) can’t be predicted.

(4.) When 40 g of substance is dissolved in 1000 g of water, its freezing point is depressed by 1.86o C. Kf
for water is 1.86o C mol−1 then find the molar mass of the solute
(a.) 4 (b.) 10
(c.) 40 (d.) 400

(5.) Assertion: When a solution is separated from the pure solvent by a semipermeable membrane, the
solvent molecules pass through it from pure solvent side to the solution side.
Reason: Diffusion of solvent occurs from a region of high concentration solution to a region of low
concentration solution.
(a.) Both A and R are true and R is the correct (b.) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
explanation of A. explanation of A.
(c.) A is true but R is false. (d.) Both A and R are false.

(6.) In water saturated air the mole fraction of water vapour is 0.02. If the total pressure of the saturated air
is 1.2 atm, the partial pressure of dry air is
(a.) 1.18 atm (b.) 1.76 atm
(c.) 1.176 atm (d.) 0.98 atm

(7.) Matrix match.

Column 1 Column 2
(A) Standard (p) Solution with two solution components
(q) A solution which contains maximum amount of solute that can be
dissolved in a given amount of solvent at given temperature
(B) Solid solution
(C) Binary solution (r) A solution in solid phase

(a.) A → P, B → Q,C → R (b.) A → Q, B → R,C → P

11
(c.) A → R, B → P,C → Q (d.) A → R, B → Q,C → P

(8.) According to Henry law, the amount of gas that will dissolve in blood plasma or any other liquid is
determined by which of these factors
(a.) Solubility of the gas in the liquid (b.) The total pressure of the gas mixture
(c.) pH of the liquid (d.) The osmotic pressure of the gas mixture

(9.) The freezing point depression constant for water is −1.86o cm −1 . If 5.0 g Na 2SO 4 is dissolved in
45 gH 2O , the freezing point is changed by −3.82 C. Calculate Van’t Hoff factor for Na 2SO 4 :
o

(a.) 2.05 (b.) 2.63

(c.) 3.1l (d.) 0.381

(10.) vapour phase diagram for a solution is given below if dotted lines represent deviation.
The correct observation for this solution
(a.) ΔH mix : positive (b.) ΔSmix : positive
(c.) ΔVmix : positive (d.) All of these

(11.) Osmotic pressure of a solution at a given temperature

(a.) increase with concentration (b.) decrease with concentration
(c.) remain same (d.) initially increase and then decrease

(12.) Read statements

I. Semipermeable membrane contains network of submacroscopic holes or pores.
II. Semipermeable membrane appears to be continuous sheets or films.
III. Solvent molecule cannot pass through the holes of semipermeable membrane but solute molecule
can pass.
On the basis of the statements given above select correct option
(a.) Only (I) (b.) Only (II)
(c.) Only (III) (d.) All of these

(13.) The vapour of a solution having 2.0 g of solute X ( molar atomic mass = 32 g mol−1 ) in 100 g of CS2 (
vapour pressure = 854torr ) is 848.9 torr . The molecular formula of solute is
(a.) X (b.) X2
(c.) X4 (d.) X8

(14.) The Van’t Hoff factor of 0.1MBa ( NO3 )2 solution is 2.74. The degree of dissociation is
(a.) 91.3% (b.) 87%
(c.) 100% (d.) 74%

(15.) The vapour pressure of two liquids P and Q are 80 and 60 torr respectively. The total vapour pressure of
solution obtained by mixing 3 mole of P and 2 mole of Q would be
(a.) 72 torr (b.) 140 torr
(c.) 68 torr (d.) 20 torr

(16.) The units of ebullioscopic constant is

12
(a.) K kg −1mol−1or K( molality) (b.) mol kg K −1or K −1 ( molality)
(c.) kg mol−1K −1or K −1 ( molality) (d.) K mol kg −1or K( molality)

(17.) Of the following 0.10 m aqueous solutions, which one will exhibit the largest freezing point
depression?
(a.) KCl (b.) C6 H12O6
(c.) Al2 ( SO 4 )3 (d.) K 2SO 4

(18.) An aqueous solution of sugar is taken in a beaker. At freezing point of solution ,

(a.) Crystals of sugar separated (b.) Crystals of glucose and fructose are separated
(c.) Crystals office separated (d.) Mixture of ice and some sugar crystals
separated

(19.) Which one of the following binary mixtures forms an azeotrope with minimum boiling type
(a.) acetone— ethanol (b.) H 2O − HNO3
(c.) benzene— toluene (d.) n‐hexane—n‐heptane

(20.) How many grams of CH 3OH should be added to water to prepare 150 ml solution of 2MCH 3OH

(a.) 9.6 × 103 (b.) 2.4 × 103

(c.) 9.6 (d.) 2.4

(21.) Relationship between partial pressure & mole fraction is

(a.) Graham’s law (b.) Raoult’s law
(c.) Le‐Chatelier (d.) Avogadro’s law

(22.) 4L of 0.02M aqueous solution NaCl was diluted by adding one litre of water. The molality of resultant
solution is—
(a.) 0.004 (b.) 0.008
(c.) 0.012 (d.) 0.016

(23.) Iodine and sulphur dissolve in

(a.) H 2O (b.) benzene
(c.) CS2 (d.) ethanol

(24.) 19.5 g of CH 2 FCOOH is dissolved in 500 g of water. The depression in the freezing point of water
observed is 1.0o C . Calculate Van’t Hoff factor.
(a.) 2.97 (b.) 0.79
(c.) 6.28 (d.) 1.0753

(25.) Consider the figure

13
 Mark the correct statement
(a.) water will move from side (A) to side (B) if a (b.) Water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a
pressure lower than osmotic pressure is applied pressure greater than osmotic pressure is
on piston (B). applied on piston (B).
(c.) The value of molal depression constant (d.) Relative lowering of vapour pressure is a
depends on nature of solvent. dimensionless quantity.

(26.) PA and PB are the vapour pressure of pure liquid components A and B respectively of an ideal binary
solution. If X A represent the mole fraction of component A, the total pressure of the solution
will be —
(a.) PA + X A ( PB − PA ) (b.) PA + X A ( PA − PB )
(c.) PB + X A ( PB − PA ) (d.) PB + X A ( PA − PB )

(27.) Nalorphene ( C19 H 21NO3 ) , similar to morphine, is used to combat withdrawal symptoms in narcotic
users. Dose of nalorphene generally given is 1.5 mg. Calculate the mass of 1.5 ×10−3 m aqueous
solution required for the above dose
(a.) 9.2 g (b.) 4.2 g
(c.) 3.2 g (d.) 6.2 g

(28.) Assertion: Azeotropic mixture are formed only by non‐ideal solution.

Reason: Boiling point of an azeotropic mixture is either higher or lower than both the components of
solution.
(a.) Both A and R are correct and R is correct (b.) Both A and R are correct but R is not correct
explanation of A. explanation of A.
(c.) A is true but R is false. (d.) Both A and R are false.

(29.) If molality of a dilute solution is double, the value of molal depression constant ( K f ) will be?
(a.) Halved (b.) tripled
(c.) unchanged (d.) doubled

(30.) Solid solution in which the solute is gas

(a.) copper dissolved in gold (b.) camphor in nitrogen gas
(c.) solution of hydrogen in palladium (d.) all of the above

(31.) Which of the following 0.10m aqueous solutions will have the lowest freezing point?

14
(a.) A12 ( SO 4 )3 (b.) C6 H12O6
(c.) KC1 (d.) C12 H 22O11

(32.) Which one is a colligative property?

(a.) Boiling point (b.) Vapour pressure
(c.) Osmotic pressure (d.) Freezing point

(33.) H 2S , a toxic gas with rotten egg like smel1, is used for the qualitative analysis. If the solubility of H 2S
in water at STP is 0.195m . Calculate Henry law constant?
(a.) 282 bar (b.) 386 bar
(c.) 192 bar (d.) 465 bar

(34.) If liquids A and B form an ideal solution.

(a.) the free energy of mixing is zero (b.) the free energy as well as entropy of mixing are
zero
(c.) enthalpy of mixing is zero (d.) the entropy of mixing is zero

(35.) 200cm3 of an aqueous solution of a protein contains 1.26 g of the protein. The osmotic pressure of such
solution at 300 K is found to be 2. 57 ×10−3 bar . Calculate the molar mass of protein .
(a.) 21200 g mol−1 (b.) 61022 g mol−1
(c.) 19200 g mol−1 (d.) none of these

(36.) Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of people living at high altitude is due to
(a.) Low temperature (b.) Low atmospheric pressure
(c.) High atmospheric pressure (d.) Both low temperature and high atmospheric
pressure

(37.) Which of the following statement(s) is/are true

I. In a binary mixture, mole fraction of A is
nA
XA =
nA + nB
ni
II. For solution containing i number of components, X i =
∑ ni
III. Sum of all mole fraction is one.
Select option with true statements.
(a.) I and II (b.) II and III
(c.) III and I (d.) All of the above

(38.) When a solute is present in trace quantities which of the following expression is used?
(a.) Gram per million (b.) Milligram percent
(c.) Microgram percent (d.) Parts per millions

(39.) Which of the following physical property is used to determine the molecular mass of a polymer
Solution?
(a.) Relative lowering of vapour pressure (b.) Elevation in boiling point

15
(c.) Depression in freezing point (d.) Osmotic pressure

(40.) The freezing point of 1% solution of lead nitrate in water will be

(a.) 2o C (b.) 1o C
(c.) 0o C (d.) below 0 C

(41.) If 0.15 g of solute, dissolved in 15 g of solvent, is boiled at a temperature higher by 0.216o C than that
of pure solvent, the molecular weight of substance (molal elevation constant for the solvent is 2.16o C )
is
(a.) 10. 1 (b.) 100
(c.) 1.0l (d.) 1000

(42.) Which condition is not satisfied by an ideal solution .

(a.) Δ mix V = 0 (b.) Δ mixS = 0
(c.) obeyance to Raoult’s law (d.) Δ mix H = 0

(43.) How many grams of Conc.HNO3 solution should be used to prepare 250 ml of 2.0MHNO3 ? The
conc.acid is 70 % HNO3 ?
(a.) 70 g conc.HNO3 (b.) 54 g conc.HNO3
(c.) 45 g conc.HNO3 (d.) 90 g conc.HNO3

(44.) 0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is 20% ionised. If κ f for water is 1.86 K kg mol−1 .
The lowering freezing point of the solution is
(a.) 0.56 K (b.) 1.12 K
(c.) −0.56K (d.) −1.12K

(45.) The freezing point of solution is marked as:

(a.) A (b.) B
(c.) C (d.) D

(46.) Which condition is not satisfied by an ideal solution?

(a.) Δ mix H = 0 (b.) Δ mix V = 0

16
 (c.) Δ mixS = 0 (d.) obeyance to Raoult’s law

(47.) The relative lowering of the vapour pressure is equal to the ratio between number of
(a.) solute molecules to the solvent molecules (b.) solute molecules to the total molecules in the
solution
(c.) solvent molecules to the total molecules in the (d.) solvent molecules to the total number of ions
solution of the solute

(48.) If solubility of any gas in the liquid at 1 bar pressure is 0.05 mol / litre , what will be its solubility at 3
bar pressure, keeping the temperature constant?

(a.)
0.05 (b.) 0.15 mol / L
mol / L
3
(c.) 0.05mol / L (d.) 1.0mol / L

(49.) Assertion: Camphor is used as a solvent in the experimental determination of molecular masses of
naphthalene and anthracene.
Reason: Camphor has high molal elevation constant.
(a.) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct (b.) Both A and R are correct and R is not correct
explanation of A. explanation of A.
(c.) A is correct but R is incorrect statement. (d.) Both A and R are false.

(50.) At equilibrium, the rate of dissolution of a solid solute in a volatile liquid solvent is —

(a.) less than rate of crystallization (b.) greater than rate of crystallization
(c.) equal to the rate of crystallization (d.) zero

TOPIC WISE PRACTICE QUESTIONS

TOPIC 1: Solubility and Concentration of Solutions
1. When the solute is present in trace quantities the following expression is used
1) gram per million 2) milligram percent
3) microgram percent 4) parts per million
2. Which one of the following gases has the lowest value of Henry’s law constant?
1) N 2 2) He 3) H 2 4) CO 2
3. Equal moles of water and urea are taken in a flask. What is mass percentage of urea in the solution ?
1) 7.692% 2) 9.2% 3) 76.92% 4) 0.7692%
4. What is the normality of a 1 M solution of H 3 PO 4 ?
1) 0.5 N 2) 1.0 N 3) 2.0 N 4) 3.0 N
5. Molarity of liquid HCl will be, if density of solution is 1.17 gm/cc
1) 36.5 M 2) 32.05 M 3) 18.25 M 4) 42.10 M
6. An X molal solution of a compound in benzene has mole fraction of solute equal to 0.2. The value of X
is
1) 14 2) 3.2 3) 1.4 4) 2
7. 1 M, 2.5 litre NaOH solution is mixed with another 0.5 M, 3 litre NaOH solution. Then find out the
molarity of resultant solution
1) 0.80 M 2) 1.0 M 3) 0.73 M 4) 0.50 M

17
8. In acidic medium, the equivalent weight of K 2 Cr 2 O 7
(Mol. wt. = M) is
1) M 2) M/2 3) M/3 4) M/6
9. The mole fraction of the solute in one molal aqueous solution is:
1) 0.009 2) 0.018 3) 0.027 4) 0.036
10. 10 g of NaCl is dissolved in 106g of the solution. Its concentration is
1) 100 ppm 2) 0.1 ppm 3) 1 ppm 4) 10 ppm
11. Which of the following substances will lose its solubility with increase in temperature?
1) NaOH 2) Na 2 CO 3 3) Na 2 SO 4 4) All
12. 2.5 litres of NaCl solution contain 5 moles of the solute. What is the molarity?
1) 5 molar 2) 2 molar 3) 2.5 molar 4) 12.5 molar
13. Which of the following factor do not affect solubility of solid solute in liquid?
1) Temperature 2) Pressure 3) Nature of solute 4) All of these
TOPIC 2: Vapour Pressure, Laws of Solutions and Ideal, Non-Ideal Solutions
14. For a dilute solution, Raoult's law states that
1) the lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of solute.
2) the relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of solute.
3) the relative lowering of vapour pressure is proportional to the amount of solute in solution.
4) the vapour pressure of the solution is equal to the mole fraction of solvent.
15. If p° and p s are vapour pressures of solvent and its solution, respectively, χ1 and χ 2 are mole fractions
of solvent and solute, respectively, then
p 0 − ps χ1
1) =ps p 0 / χ 2 2) p 0 − ps = p 0 χ 2 3) ps= p 0 χ 2 4) =
ps χ1 + χ 2
16. The normal boiling point of water is 373 K. Vapour pressure of water at temperature T is 19 mm Hg. If
enthalpy of vaporisation is 40.67 kJ/mol, then temperature T would be
(Use : log 2 = 0.3, R : 8.3 JK–1 mol–1):
1) 250 K 2) 291.4 K 3) 230 K 4) 290 K
17. For a binary ideal liquid solution, the total vapour pressure of the solution is given as:
1) Ptotal =PA0 + ( PA0 − PB0 ) x B 2) Ptotal =PB0 + ( PA0 − PB0 ) x A
3) Ptotal =PB0 + ( PB0 − PA0 ) x A 4) Ptotal =PB0 + ( PB0 − PA0 ) x B
18. Moles of Na 2 SO 4 to be dissolved in 12 mole water to lower its vapour pressure by 10 mm Hg at a
temperature at which vapour pressure of pure water is 50 mm is:
1) 1.5 mole 2) 2 mole 3) 1 mole 4) 3 mole
19. Equimolar solutions in the same solvent have
1) different boiling and different freezing points. 2) same boiling and same freezing points.
3) same freezing point but different boiling points. 4) same boiling point but different freezing points.
20. The solubility of common salt is 36.0 g in 100 g of water at 20 °C. If systems I, II and III contain 40.0,
36.0 and 20.0 g of the salt added to 100.0 g of water in each case, the vapour pressures would be in the
order:
1) I < II < III 2) I > II > III 3) I = II > III 4) I = II < III
21. The vapour pressure of two liquids P and Q are 80 and 60 torr, respectively. The total vapour pressure of
solution obtained by mixing 3 mole of P and 2 mole of Q would be
1) 72 torr 2) 140 torr 3) 68 torr 4) 20 torr
22. A mixture of components A and B will show –ve deviation when
1) ∆Vmix > 0 2) ∆H mix > 0
3) A–B interaction is weaker than A–A and B– B interactions.
4) A–B interaction is stronger than A–A and B–B interactions.
23. At the state of dynamic equilibrium, for solute + solvent � solution.
1) Rate of dissolution = Rate of unsaturation. 2) Rate of dissolution = Rate of unsaturation.
3) Rate of dissolution = Rate of saturation 4) Rate of crystallization = Rate of saturation.
24. The value of P° for benzene is 640 mm of Hg. The vapour pressure of solution containing 2.5g
substance in 39g benzene is 600mm of Hg the molecular mass of X is –

18
 1) 65.25 2) 130 3) 40 4) 80
25. An ideal solution is formed when its components
1) have no volume change on mixing 2) have no enthalpy change on mixing
3) both (1) and (2) are correct 4) neither (1) nor (2) is correct
26. For which of the following parameters the structural isomers C 2 H 5 OH and CH 3 OCH 3 would be
expected to have the same values?(Assume ideal behaviour)
1) Boiling points 2) Vapour pressure at the same temperature
3) Heat of vaporization 4) Gaseous densities at the same temperature and pressure

27. Which one of the following is non-ideal solution

1) Benzene + toluene 2) n-hexane + n-heptane
3) Ethyl bromide + ethyl iodide 4) CCl 4 + CHCl 3

TOPIC 3:Colligative Properties and Abnormal Molecular Masses

28. When common salt is dissolved in water
1) the melting point of the solution increases. 2) the boiling point of solution decreases.
3) both melting point and boiling point decrease. 4) the boiling point of the solution increases.
29. Camphor is often used in molecular mass determination because
1) it is readily available. 2) it has a very high cryoscopic constant.
3) it is volatile. 4) it is solvent for organic substances.
30. The normal boiling point of the solution is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the solution
is –
1) equal to 1 torr 2) equal to 76 mm Hg 3) equal to 2.0 atm 4) equal to 1 atm
31. When solid SnO 2 is added to an aqueous solution of NaOH, the
1) vapour pressure is lowered. 2) vapour pressure is raised.
3) osmotic pressure is increased. 4) boiling point is raised.
32. The vapour pressure of a dilute solution of non-volatile solute is P and the VP of a pure solvent is P°.
The lowering of the VP is
1) + ve 2) – ve 3) P/P° 4) P°/P
33. 12 g of a nonvolatile solute dissolved in 108 g of water produces the relative lowering of vapour
pressure of 0.1. The molecular mass of the solute is
1) 80 2) 60 3) 20 4) 40
34. If a thin slice of sugar beet is placed in concentrated solution of NaCl, then
1) sugar beet will lose water from its cells. 2) sugar beet will absorb water from solution.
3) sugar beet will neither absorb nor lose water. 4) sugar beet will dissolve in solution.
35. Which salt shows maximum osmotic pressure in its 1 M solution.
1) AgNO 3 2) Na 2 SO 4 3) (NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 4) MgCl 2
36. The osmotic pressure of a sugar solution at 24 °C is 2.5 atm. The concentration of the solution in mole
per litre is
1) 10.25 2) 1.025 3) 1025 4) 0.1025
37. Which has the maximum osmotic pressure at temperature T ?
1) 100 mL of 1 M urea solution.
2) 300 mL of 1 M glucose solution.
3) Mixture of 100 mL of 1 M urea solution and 300 mL of 1 M glucose solution.
4) All are isotonic.
38. Which one of the following is a colligative property ?
1) Boiling point 2) Vapour pressure
3) Osmotic pressure 4) Freezing point
39. Which one of the following aqueous solutions will exhibit highest boiling point?
1) 0.015 M urea 2) 0.01 M KNO 3 3) 0.10 M Na 2 SO 4 4) 0.015 M glucose
40. When a solution containing non-volatile solute freezes, which equilibrium would exist?
1) solid solvent � liquid solvent 2) solid solute � liquid solution
3) solid solute � liquid solvent 4) solid solvent � liquid solution
41. Which of the following aqueous solution has minimum freezing point ?

19
 1) 0.01 m NaCl 2) 0.005 m C 2 H 5 OH 3) 0.005 m MgI 2 4) 0.005 m MgSO 4 .
42. A solution containing 1.8 g of a compound (empirical formula CH 2 O) in 40 g of water is observed to
freeze at – 0.465 °C. The molecular formula of the compound is (Kf of water =1.86 kg K mol–1):
1) C 2 H 4 O 2 2) C 3 H 6 3) C 4 H 8 O 4 4) C 6 H 12 O 6
43. Freezing point of the following equilibrium,
liquid solvent � solid solvent is:
∆H − ∆G ∆H ∆G ∆S
1) 2) 3) 4)
T∆S ∆S ∆S ∆H
44. The freezing point of equimolal aqueous solutions will be highest for:
1) C 6 H 5 NH 3 Cl 2) Ca(NO 3 ) 2 3) La (NO 3 ) 2 4) C 6 H 12 O 6
45. In a 0.5 molal solution of KCl, KCl is 50% dissociated. The freezing point of solution will be (K f = 1.86
k kg mol–1):
1) 274.674 K 2) 271.60 K 3) 273 K 4) None of these
46. In a 0.2 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid HX the degree of dissociation is 0.25. The freezing point
of the solution will be nearest to: (K f = 1.86 K kg mol–1)
1) – 0.26 °C 2) 0.465 °C 3) – 0.48 °C 4) – 0.465 °C
47. Which one of the following statements is false ?
1) The correct order of osmotic pressure for 0.01 M aqueous solution of each compound is BaCl 2 > KCl
>CH 3 COOH > sucrose.
2) Isotonic solutions are those solutions which have the same osmotic pressure.
3) Raoult's law states that the vapour pressure of a component over a solution is proportional to its mole
fraction in liquid state.
4) Two sucrose solutions of same molality prepared in different solvents will have the same freezing
point depression.
48. 0.1 molal aqueous solution of an electrolyte AB 3 is 90% ionised. The boiling point of the solution at 1
(
atm is : K b( H2O ) = 0.52K kg mol−1 )
1) 273.19 K 2) 374.92 K 3) 376.4 K 4) 373.19 K
49. In the case of osmosis, solvent molecules move from :
1) higher vapour pressure to lower vapour pressure.
2) higher concentration to lower concentration.
3) lower vapour pressure to higher vapour pressure.
4) higher osmotic pressure to lower osmotic pressure.
50. Which of the following solutions will have maximum osmotic pressure? (Assume 90% dissociation of
each salt):
1) Decinormal aluminium sulphate 2) Decinormal barium chloride solution
3) Decinormal sodium sulphate solution
4) Solution of equal volumes of decinormal barium chloride and decinormal sodium sulphate solutions
51. At 25°C, the highest osmotic pressure is exhibited by 0.1 M solution of
1) CaCl 2 2) KCl 3) glucose 4) urea
52. Osmotic pressure of blood is 7.40 atm, at 27 °C. Number of moles of glucose to be used per litre for an
intravenous injection that is to have same osmotic pressure of blood is:
1) 0.3 2) 0.2 3) 0.1 4) 0.4
53. The freezing point of 1% solution of lead nitrate in water will be
1) 2°C 2) 1°C 3) 0°C 4) below 0°C
54. If the elevation in boiling point of a solution of 10 g of solute (mol. wt. = 100) in 100 g of water is ∆
T b , the ebullioscopic constant of water is
∆Tb
1) 10 2) 10 ∆ T b 3) ∆ T b 4)
10
55. The boiling point of a solution of 0.11 g of a substance in 15 g of ether was found to be 0.1 °C higher
than that of pure ether. The molecular weight of the substance will be
(Kb = 2.16 °K kg mol–1)
1) 148 2) 158 3) 168 4) 178

20
56. The rise in the boiling point of a solution containing 1.8 g of glucose in 100 g of solvent is 0.1°C. The
molal elevation constant of the liquid is
1) 0.01 K/m 2) 0.1 K/m 3) 1 K/m 4) 10 K/m
57. An aqueous solution freezes at –0.186 °C (K f = 1.86, K b = 0.512) what is the elevation in boiling point?
1) 0.186 °C 2) 0.512 °C 3) 0.86 °C 4) 0.0512 °C
58. At temperature 327 °C and concentration C, osmotic pressure of a solution is P, the same solution at
concentration C/2 and at temperature 427 °C shows osmotic pressure of 2 atm, value of P will be
1)12/7 2) 24/7 3)6/5 4)5/6
59. The relationship between osmotic pressure at 273 K when 10g glucose (P 1 ), 10 g urea (P 2 ), and 10g
sucrose (P 3 ) are dissolved in 250 ml of water is
1) P 1 > P 2 > P 3 2) P 3 > P 1 > P 2 3) P 2 > P 1 > P 3 4) P 2 > P 3 > P 1

60. Consider the following statements

I : Osmosis takes place with increase of entropy.
II : Osmosis is a non-spontaneous process.
III : Free energy decreases during osmosis.
Which of the above is/are correct?
1) I only 2) I and II 3) II and III 4) I and III
61. For an electrolyte, elevation of B.P. is directly proportional to
1) molarity 2) molality 3) mole fraction 4) All of these
62. The molecular weight of benzoic acid in benzene as determined by depression in freezing point method
corresponds to
1) ionization of benzoic acid. 2) dimerization of benzoic acid.
3) trimerization of benzoic acid. 4) solvation of benzoic acid.
63. Blood cells retain their normal shape in solution which are
1) hypotonic to blood 2) isotonic to blood 3) hypertonic to blood 4) equinormal to blood.
64. Which of the following pairs of solution are isotonic at the same temperature ?
1) 0.1 M Ca(NO 3 ) 2 and 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 2) 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4
3) 0.1 M urea and 0.1 M MgCl 2 4) 0.2 M urea and 0.1 M NaCl
65. The van’t Hoff factor i for a compound which undergoes dissociation in one solvent and association in
other solvent is respectively
1) less than one and greater than one. 2) less than one and less than one.
3) greater than one and less than one. 4) greater than one and greater than one.
66. Van’t Hoff factor is given by the expression ________.
Normal molar mass Abnoral molar mass
1) i = 2) i =
Abnoral molar mass Normal molar mass
Observed Colligative property
3) i = 4) both 1) and 3)
Calculated colligative property
67. If α is the degree of dissociation of Na 2 SO 4 , the Vant Hoff’s factor (i) used for calculating the
molecular mass is
1) 1 + α 2) 1 – α 3) 1 + 2 α 4) 1 – 2 α
68. The correct order of osmotic pressure of 0.01M aqueous solution of the following is
1) Sucrose > CH 3 COOH > KC1 2) CH 3 COOH > Sucrose > KC1
3) Sucrose > KC1 > CH 3 COOH 4) KC1 > CH 3 COOH > Sucrose
69. Which one of the following salts will have the same value of van’t Hoff factor (i) as that of
K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ].
1) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 2) NaCl 3) Al(NO 3 ) 3 4) Na 2 SO 4 .
70. Consider the following statements
1. Isotonic solutions have the same molar concentration at a given temperature
2. The molal elevation constant K b is a characteristic of a solvent, and is independent of the solute
added
3. The freezing point of a 0.1 M aqueous KCl solution is more than that of a 0.1 M aqueous AlCl 3
solution.

21
 Which of these statements is correct?
1) 1 and 2 2) 2 and 3 3) 1 and 3 4) 1, 2 and 3

NEET PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS

1. If molality of the dilute solutions is doubled, the value of molal depression constant (Kf) will be
: [2017]
1) halved 2) tripled 3) unchanged 4) doubled
2. Which of the following statement about the composition of the vapour over an ideal 1 : 1 molar
mixture of benzene and toluene is correct? Assume that the temperature is constant at 25°C.
(given : Vapour Pressure Data at 25°C, benzene = 12.8 kPa, toluene = 3.85 kPa) [2016]
1) The vapour will contain a higher percentage of benzene
2) The vapour will contain a higher percentage of toluene
3) The vapour will contain equal amounts of benezene and toluene
4) Not enough information is given to make a predication
3. At 100 °C the vapour pressure of a solution of 6.5g of a solute in 100 g water is 732 mm. If K b =
0.52, the boiling point of this solution will be [2016]
1) 101 °C 2) 100 °C 3) 102 °C 4) 103 °C
4. Which one of the following electrolytes has the same value of van't Hoff's factor (i) as that of the
Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (if all are 100% ionised)? [2015]
1) K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 2) Al(NO 3 ) 3 3) K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4) K 2 SO 4
5. The boiling point of 0.2 mol kg–1 solution of X in water is greater than equimolal solution of Y in
water. Which one of the following statements is true in this case? [2015]
1) Molecular mass of X is greater than the molecular mass of Y.
2) Molecular mass of X is less than the molecular mass of Y.
3) Y is undergoing dissociation in water while X undergoes no change.
4) X is undergoing dissociation in water.
6. Which one is not equal to zero for an ideal solution: [2015]
1) ∆Smix 2) ∆Vmix 3) =
∆P Pobserved − PRaoult 4) ∆H mix
7. Of the following 0.10 m aqueous solutions, which one will exhibit the largest freezing point
depression? [2014]
1) KCl 2) C 6 H 12 O 6 3) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 4) K 2 SO 4
8. For an ideal solution, the correct option is :- [2019]
(1) ∆ mix S = 0 at constant T and P (2) ∆ mix V ≠ 0 at constant T and P
(3) ∆ mix H = 0 at constant T and P (4) ∆ mix G = 0 at constant T and P
9. The mixture that forms maximum boiling azeotrope is : [2019]
(1) Water + Nitric acid (2) Ethanol + Water (3) Acetone + Carbon disulphide
(4) Heptane + Octane
10. Which of the following statements is correct regarding a solution of two compounds A and B
exhibiting positive deviation from ideal behaviour? [2019 ODISSA]
(1) Intermolecular attractive forces between A-A and B-B are stronger than those between A-B.
(2) ∆ mix H = 0 at constant T and P (3) ∆ mix V = 0 at constant T and P
(4) Intermolecular attractive forces between A-A and B-B are equal to those between A-B.
11. In water saturated air the mole fraction of water vapour is 0.02. If the total pressure of the
saturated air is 1.2 atm, the partial pressure of dry air is : ? [2019 ODISSA]
(1) 1.18 atm (2) 1.76 atm (3) 1.176 atm (4) 0.98 atm
12. The density of 2 M aqueous solution of NaOH is 1.28 g/cm3. The molality of the solution is
[Given that molecular mass of NaOH = 40 g mol–1] [2019 ODISSA]

22
 (1) 1.20 m (2) 1.56 m (3) 1.67 m (4) 1.32 m
13. If 8g of a non-electrolyte solute is dissolved in114 g of n-octane to reduce its vapour pressure to
80%, the molar mass (in g mol–1) of the solute is [Given that molar mass of n-octane is 114 g
mol–1]. [2020 COVID-19]
(1) 40 (2) 60 (3) 80 (4) 20
14. Isotonic solutions have same [2020 COVID-19]
(1) vapour pressure (2) freezing temperature (3) osmotic pressure (4) boiling temperature
15. The mixture which shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law is : [2020]
1. Chloroethane + Bromoethane 2. Ethanol + Acetone
3. Benzene + Toluene 4. Acetone + Chloroform
16. The freezing point depression constant ( K f ) of benzene is 5.12 K kg mol −1 . The freezing point
depression for the solution of molality 0.078 m containing a non-electrolyte solute in benzene is
(rounded off upto two decimal places) [2020]
1) 0.60 K 2) 0.20 K 3) 0.80 K 4) 0.40 K

17. The following solutions were prepared by dissolving 10 g of glucose ( C6 H12O6 ) in 250 ml of
water ( P1 ) , 10 g urea ( CH 4 N 2O ) in 250 ml of water ( P2 ) and 10 g of sucrose ( C12 H 22O11 ) in 250 ml
of water ( P3 ) .The right option for the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these solutions is :
[NEET-2021]
1. P1 > P2 > P3 2. P2 > P3 > P1 3. P3 > P1 > P2 4. P2 > P1 > P3
18. The correct option for the value of vapour pressure of a solution at 45°C with benzene to octane
in molar ratio 3 : 2 is: [NEET-2021]
[At 45°C vapour pressure of benzene is 280 mm Hg and that of octane is 420 mm Hg. Assume
Ideal gas]
1) 168 mm of Hg 2) 336 mm of Hg 3) 350 mm of Hg 4) 160 mm of Hg
19. In one molal solution that contains 0.5 mole of a solute, there is [NEET-2022]
1) 500 mL of solvent 2) 500 g of solvent
3) 100 mL of solvent 4) 100 g of solvent

23
 NCERT LINE BY LINE QUESTIONS – ANSWERS
(1.) a (2.) c (3.) c (4.) c (5.) b
(6.) c (7.) b (8.) a (9.) b (10.) d
(11.) a (12.) b (13.) d (14.) b (15.) a
(16.) a (17.) c (18.) c (19.) a (20.) c
(21.) b (22.) d (23.) c (24.) d (25.) b
(26.) d (27.) c (28.) b (29.) c (30.) c
(31.) a (32.) c (33.) a (34.) c (35.) b
(36.) b (37.) d (38.) d (39.) d (40.) d
(41.) b (42.) b (43.) c (44.) b (45.) b
(46.) c (47.) a (48.) b (49.) c (50.) c

TOPIC WISE PRACTICE QUESTIONS - ANSWERS

1) 4 2) 4 3) 3 4) 4 5) 2 6) 2 7) 3 8) 4 9) 2 10) 4
11) 4 12) 2 13) 2 14) 2 15) 2 16) 2 17) 2 18) 4 19) 2 20) 4
21) 1 22) 4 23) 2 24) 4 25) 3 26) 4 27) 4 28) 4 29) 2 30) 4
31) 2 32) 1 33) 3 34) 1 35) 3 36) 4 37) 4 38) 3 39) 3 40) 4
41) 1 42) 4 43) 2 44) 4 45) 2 46) 4 47) 4 48) 4 49) 1 50) 1
51) 1 52) 1 53) 4 54) 3 55) 2 56) 3 57) 4 58) 2 59) 3 60) 4
61) 2 62) 2 63) 2 64) 1 65) 3 66) 4 67) 3 68) 4 69) 1 70) 4
NEET PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS-ANSWERS
1) 3 2) 1 3) 1 4) 3 5) 4 6) 1 7) 3 8) 3 9) 1 10) 1
11) 3 12) 3 13) 1 14) 3 15) 2 16) 4 17) 4 18) 2 19) 2

NCERT LINE BY LINE QUESTIONS – SOLUTIONS

(1.) (a)
(2.) (c) Pressure.
Solubility of a solid in liquid does not depends upon pressure since solids and liquids are almost
incompressible.
(3.) (c) Solute − solvent Interactions > Solute − solute or solvent-solvent interactions
Interactions are high.
So, bonds cannot easily break so that’s why vapour decreases so, V.P. decrease negative deviation.
(5.) (b)
= = =
(6.)
X 0.02, X gas 0.98, PT 1.2atm
(c) H2O
Partial Pressure of dry air= PT × M.P of dry air =1.2 × 0.98 =1.176atm
(7.) (b) A → Q, B → R,C → P
(8.) (a) According to Henrys law at constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly
proportional to the pressure of the gas.
W ×1000
ΔTf = i × Kf × B
(9.) (b) MB × w A
ΔTf 3.82,
= = K f 1.86

24
 =w B 5,= M B 142,= w A 45
∆T × M B × w A 3.82 × 142 × 45
= i = = 2.63
K f × WB × 1000 1.86 × 5 × 1000
(11.) (a) According to Boyle Van’t Hoff factor π ∝ C (at constant temperature)
(12.) (b)
i − 1 2.74 − 1 1.74
= α = = = 0.87
(14.) (b) n −1 3 −1 2
(15.) (a) By Raoult’s law
=
PT PPo X oP + PQo X Q
where, PPo = 80 torr
PQO = 60 torr
3 2
=
XP =, XQ
5 5
3 2
PT = 80 × + 60 × = 72 torr
5 5
ΔTb K
=
Kb = = or K(
(16.) (a) m mol kg −1 molality)
(17.) (c)
ΔTf= K f × i × m
ΔTf ∝ i (Van’t Hoff factor)
Salt i

KCl 2

C6 H12O6 1

Al2 ( SO 4 )3 5

K 2SO 4 3

i.e., i is maximum for 5 for Al2 ( SO 4 )3 .

(19.) (a) Minimum boiling azeotrope is formed by solution showing positive deviation, e.g. ethanol +
acetone.
(20.) (c) Since the molecular mass of CH 3OH is 32, so, quantity of CH 3OH to prepare 150 ml solution of
2MCH 3OH
2
= ×150 × 32= 9.6g
1000
(21.) (b) According to Raoult’s law, the partial pressure of a volatile component of a solution is directly
proportional to its mole fraction in solution at any temperature.
M V = M 2 V2
(22.) (d) 1 1
= =
M1 0.02M, V1 4L
M 2 = ?, V2 = 5L
0.02 × 4L = M 2 × 5L
M 2 = 0.016M
(25.) (b) Water will move from side (B) to side (A) if pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on
piston (B) due to reverse osmosis.

25
(26.)
=
(d)
P PA X A + PBX B
= PA X A + PB (1 − X A )
= PA X A + PB − PBX A
PB + X A ( PA − PB )
=
(27.) (c) 3.2g
1.5 × 103 m Aqueous solution of nalorphene, means thar 1.5 × 103 mole of Nalorphene is dissolved in l
kg of water.
Molar mass of Nalorphene = 311 gmol−1
1.5 × 103 mole of Nalorphene = 1.5 ×10 × 311 g = 0.467g
3

Mass of solution = 0.467 + 1000 = 1000.467gF or, 0.467 g of nalorphene, mass of solution
required = 1000.467g
For 1.5mg (1.5 ×103 g ) of nalorphene, mass of solution required
1000.467
= 10−3 3.2lg
×1.5 ×=
0.467
(28.) (b)
(29.) (c) The value of molal depression constant K f is constant for a particular solvent, thus, it will be
unchanged when molality of the dilute solution is doubled.
(31.) (a) Depression in freezing point ∝ no . of particles Al2 ( SO 4 )3 provides five ions on the ionisation
Al2 ( SO 4 )3 → 2Al3+ + 3SO 24−
So, Al2 ( SO 4 )3 have maximum value of depression in freezing point or lowest freezing point.
(32.) (c) The properties which depend only upon the number of solute particles present in the solution
irrespective of their nature are called colligative properties. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
(34.) (d) Entropy of mixing is zero.
(35.) (b)=π 2.57 × 10−3 bar
= V 200= cm3 0.200 litre
T = 300 K
R = 0.083L bar K −1mo1−1
W RT
use M 2 = 2
πV
1.26 g × 0.083 L bar K −1mo1−1 × 300 K
M2 =
2.57 ×10−3 bar × 0.200 L
M 2 = 61022gmo1−1.
(36.) (b) Low atmospheric pressure
At high altitude, the atmospheric pressure is decreased and due to low atmospheric pressure the
solubility of oxygen in blood and tissues is reduced. Or Body temperature of human beings remains
constant.
(37.) (d) All of the above.
(38.) (d) ppm (parts per million.)
(39.) (d) In relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation in B.P., depression in freezing point get
minimum for high molecular masses but osmotic pressure cannot be lowered as much for high
molecular masses.
(40.) (d) Addition of solute to water decrease the freezing point of water (pure solvent).
∴ when 1% lead nitrate (solute) is added to water, the freezing point of water will be below 0o C.
(41.) (b)
ΔTb = i × Kb × m
 2.16 × 0.15 ×1000 
0.216 = 1  
 MW ×15

26
 MW = 100g
(42.) (b) An ideal solution is as follows:
Volume change ( ΔV ) of mixing should be zero. Heat change ( ΔH ) on mixing should be zero. Obey
Raoult’s law at every range of concentration.
w ×1000
= = 2
M w × Vsol ( vol )
(43.) (c) Molarity
w 1000
=
2 ×
63 250
63 70 63
W = g , mass of acid × =Mass of acid = 45g
2 100 2
HX � H+ + X−
(44.) (b) 1 − α α α
Total = 1 + λ
i =1 + α =1 + 0.2 =1.2
ΔTf =× i kf × m
=1.2 ×1.86= × 0.5 1.116k ≈ 1.2k
(46.) (c) For ideal solution
ΔH mix > 0,ΔH mix = + ve
ΔVmix > 0,ΔVmix =
+ ve
ΔSmix > 0
o
Psolvent − Psolution
(47.) (a ) o
= X solute
PSolvent
PAO − PA (difference in V.P. of pure solvent and solution) ⇒ lowering in V.P. (1)
Now, PAO = V.P . of pure solvent (2)
By dividing (1) and (2) we ger,
PAA − PA
= which is relative lowering in V.P.
PA
(49.) (c)
(50.) (c) Equal to the rate of crystallization.
Rate of forward reaction (dissolution) = rate of backward reaction (crystallization)
TOPIC WISE PRACTICE QUESTIONS – SOLUTIONS
1. (4) For very dil. solution the concentration is expressed in ppm.
2. (4) According to Henry’s law the mass of a gas dissolved per unit volume of solvent is
proportional to the pressure of the gas at constant temperature m = K p i.e. as the solubility
increases, value of Henry’s law constant decreases. Since CO 2 is most soluble in water among
the given set of gases.
3. (3) From molarity equation
M1V1 + M 2 V2 = M 3 ( V1 + V2 )
1× 2.5 + 0.5 × 3= M 3 × 5.5
4
M= 3 = 0.73M
5.5
4. 4) H 3 PO 4 is tribasic so N =3M =×
3 1N =3N
Mass
5. 2) Density = 1.17 gm/cc (given) as d =
Volume
Volume = 1cc ∴ Mass = d = 1.17g

27
 No.of moles 1.17 ×1000 1170
Molarity = = = = 32.05M
Volume in litre 36.5 ×1 36.5
6. 2) Relation between molality and mole fraction is
1000 × x 2 1000 × 0.2
= m = = 3.2
x1M1 0.8 × 78
Thus, X(m) = 3.2
7. 3) From molarity equation
M1V1 + M 2 V2 = M 3 ( V1 + V2 )
1× 2.5 + 0.5 × 3= M 3 × 5.5
4
M= 3 = 0.73M
5.5
8. 4) In acidic medium, K 2 Cr2 O7 undergo reduction as follows:
+6 +3
K 2 Cr2 O7 + 14HCl → 2KCl + 2 CrCl3 + 7H 2 O + 3Cl2
Change in oxidation states = 6 –3 = 3
∴ Net change = 2 × 3 = 6 [Two Cr atoms are involved]
∴ Eq wt. per unit of K 2 Cr2 O7 = M / 6
9. 2) One molal solution means one mole of solute is present in 1 kg (1000 g) solvent
i.e., mole of solute = 1
1000g 1000
Mole of solvent ( = H 2O ) =
18g 18
1 18
Mole fraction of solute = = = 0.018
 1000  1008
1 + 
 18 
Mass of solute
10.
= 4) ppm ×106
Mass of solution
10
∴ ppm = 6 ×106 = 10 ppm
10
11. 4) All get dissolved with the evolution of heat.
No.of moles of solute 5
12. 2) Molarity = = = 2M
Volume in litres 2.5
13. 2) An increase in temperature of the solution increases the solubility of a solid solute.
The amount of solute that dissolve depends on what type of solute it is.
For solids and liquid solutes, changes in pressure have practically no effect on solubility.
P0 − P
14. 2) Psolution = Psolution
0
x solvent ; = x solute
P0
p 0 − Ps
15. 2) = Mole fraction of solute = λ 2
P0
16. 2)

28
 17. 2) P = PB0 + x A ( PA0 − PB0 ) [ x B =
PA0 x A + PB0 x B = 1− xA ]
P 0 − P 10 n
18. 4) = = ∴n= 3
P 0
50 n + 12
19. 2) Equimolar solutions of normal solutes in the same solvent will have the same b. p and same
f. p.
4) Solutions in cases I and II are saturated and that in III is unsaturated.
20.
21.
1) Given V. P P = 80 torr
V. P P = 80 torr
 3 2
Ptotal =V.PP × x p + V.PQ × x Q =80 × + 60 ×  =16 × 3 + 12 × 2
 5 5
Ptotal = 48 + 24 = 72torr
22. 4) A solution containing A and B components shows negative deviation when A–A and B–B
interactions are weaker than that of A–B interactions. For such solutions.
∆H = − ve and ∆V = − ve
23. 2) Number of solute particles going into solution will be equal to the solute particles
separating out and a state of dynamic equilibrium is reached.
solute + solvent � solution
i.e., rate of dissolution = rate of crystallization
P0 − P n2
24. 4) =
P 0
n1 + n 2
640 − 600 25.5 / m
=
640 39 / 78
640 × 78 × 2.5
= m = 80
39 × 40
25. 3) For ideal solution, ∆Vmixing = 0 and ∆H mixing = 0
26. 4) Gaseous densities of ethanol and dimethyl ether would be same at same temperature and
pressure. The heat of vaporisation, V.P. and b.pts will differ due to H-bonding in ethanol.
27. 4)
28. 4) Addition of a solute increases the boiling point of solution.
29. 2) Solvent having high cryoscopic constant (camphor) can be used in determination of
molecular masses of organic compounds like naphthalene, anthracene etc., by cryoscopic
method.
30. 4) Boiling temperature is a temperature at which vapour pressure is equal to the atmospheric
pressure when external pressure is equal to 1 atm.
31. 2) 2Na + ( aq ) + 2OH − ( aq ) + SnO 2 ( s ) → 2Na + ( aq ) + SnO32− ( aq ) + H 2 O
The number of ions decreases in the ratio of 4 to 3, and so also the colligative property.
32. 1) Lowering is always positive

29
 P o − Ps n w M 12 18 12 ×18
33. 3) = = × ; 0.1
= × = ; m = 20
P o
N m W m 108 0.1×108
34. 1) Osmosis occurs from dilute solution to concentrated solution, i.e., exosmosis.
35. 3) Osmotic pressure ∝ no. of ions
( NH 4 )3 PO4 gives maximum ions. Hence its osmotic pressure is maximum
36. 4) π= CRT ⇒ 2.5= C × 0.0821× 297
∴C = 0.1025mol L−1
37. 4) π =MRT
i) π =RT ; ii) π =RT ; iii) π =RT (mix has concentration = 1M)
38. 3) Osmotic pressure is a colligative property
39. 3) B.P. ∝ moles of non-volatile solute.
40. 4) Liquid solution � solid solvent
41. 1) ∆Tf =× i Kf × m
Van’t Hoff factor, i = 2 for NaCl, m = 0.01 hence ∆Tf = 0.02K f which is maximum in the
present case. Hence ∆Tf is maximum or freezing point is minimum.
1.8 / x 
42. 4) 0.465 = 1.86 ×  ×103 
 40 
= x 180g / mol ∴ C6 H12 O6
∆H
43. 2) Tf =
∆S
44. 4) Depression in freezing point, ∆Tf = iK f m . The value of van't Hoff factor (i) is minimum for
the glucose, which is a non-electrolyte. Hence, aqueous solution of glucose has highest
freezing point.
KCl � K + + Cl−
45. 2)
1− α α α
Total number of particles at e.g.
1 − α + α + α = 1 + α = 1 + 0.5 ∆Tf =
ikfm
∆Tf = (1 + 0.5 ) ×1.86 × 0.5 = 1.395
∴ Tf = 273 − 1.395 = 271.60
46. 4) i = 1 + α ⇒ 1.25
∆Tf = K f .m.i ⇒ 1.86 × 0.2 ×1.25 or ∆Tf =0.465 or Tf =−0.4650 C
47. 4) Depression in freezing point = K f m ( as K f ↑, ∆Tf ↑ )
K f depends upon the solvent
48. 4)

49. 1) In osmosis, solvent molecules move from lower concentration (higher vapour pressure) to
higher
concentration (Lower vapour pressure)
50. 1) π ∝ i [Equal concentration]
Aluminium sulphate Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (i = 5),
Barium chloride BaCl 2 (i = 3),

30
51. (1) Concentration of particles in CaCl 2 solution will be maximum as i = 3 for CaCl 2 and i = 2
for KCl.
Glucose and Urea do not dissociate into ions, as they are nonelectrolytes.
7.4 = n × 0.0821× 300
52. 1)
∴n = 0.3
53. 4) Addition of solute to water decreases the freezing point of water (pure solvent).
∴ When 1% lead nitrate (solute) is added to water, the freezing point of water will be below
0°C.
K ×100 ×100
54. 3) ∆Tb = b =∆Tb
10 ×1000
K b × w ×1000 2.16 × 0.11×1000
55.
= 2) M = = 158.4
∆Tb × W 0.1×15
0.1× 180 ×100
56.
= 3) K b = 1K / m
1.8 ×1000
57. 4) 0.186= 1.86 × m;∴ m= 0.1;
∴∆ = Tb 0.512 ×= 0.1 0.05120 C
58. 2) πV = CRT
π1 C1T1
=
π2 C2 T2
C
π1 = P, π2 = 2atm.C1 = C, C2 =
2
= =
T1 600K, T2 700K
P 2 × C × 600 24
= = ;P
2 C × 700 7
59. 3)
60. 4) Osmosis is a spontaneous process ( ∆G < 0 ) which takes place with ( ∆S < 0 ) (due to transfer
of solvent in 70 solution)
61. 2) ∆Tb= K b × i × m
Where ∆Tb = Elevation in boiling point
K b = molal elevation constant
i = vant Hoff factor
∴∆Tb ∝ molality
62. 2) Benzoic acid exists as dimer in benzene.
63. 2) Blood cells neither swell nor shrink in isotonic solution. As isotonic solutions have equal
concentration therefore there is no flow of solvent occurs and hence solvent neither enters nor
flow out of the blood cells.
64. 1) The solution which provide same number of ions are isotonic.
Ca ( NO3 )2 → Ca 2+ + 2NO3−
Total ions produced = 3
Na 2SO 4 → 2Na + + SO 24−
Total ions produced = 3
∴ 0.1M Ca ( NO3 )2 and 0.1 M Na 2SO 4 are isotonic
65. 3) If compound dissociates in solvent i > 1 and on association i < 1.
66. 4)
67. 3)

31
68. 4) Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the number of particles in the solution. KCl will
dissociate completely in the solution, while CH 3 COOH and sucrose are weak electrolyte.
Hence correct order will be :
KCl > CH 3COOH > Sucrose
69. 1)

70. 4) All the statements are correct

NEET PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS-EXPLANATIONS
1. 3) K f (molal depression constant) only depends on the nature of the solvent and is
independent of the
concentration of the solution.
2. 1) Let us consider that A is benzene and B is toluene 1 : 1 molar mixture of A and B
1 1
∴= xA and=xB
2 2
Total pressure of solution (P) = PA0 x A + PB0 x B
1
0 12.8 ×
1 1 PA x A 2 0.768
P = 12.8 × + 3.85 × = 8.325kPa ; = YA = =
2 2 P 8.325
∴ y B =−1 y A =−
1 0.768 =0.232
so, the vapour will contain higher percentage of benzene.
3. 1)

−
4. 3) K 4  Fe ( CN )6  � 4K + +  Fe ( CN )6 

32
 And Al2 ( SO 4 )3 → 2Al3+ + 3SO 24−
∴ van’t Hoff factor is 5 for both
Al2 ( SO 4 )3 and K 4  Fe ( CN )6 
5. 4) ∆Tb =
iK b m
Given ( ∆Tb ) x > ( ∆Tb ) y
∴ i x K b m > i y K b m (K b is same for same solvent)
i x > i y So, x is undergoing dissociation in water
6. 1) For an ideal solution ∆Smix > 0
7. 3) Colligative properties ∝ no. of particles since Al2 ( SO 4 )3 contains maximum number of
particles,
hence will have the largest value of freezing point depression.
8. 3)For an ideal solution, ∆H mix =
0
9. 1)Maximum boiling azeotrope are formed by solutions which show negative deviation from
ideal behaviour. Water + Nitric acid shows negative deviation.
10. 1)

11. 3)

12. 3)
13. 1) Assuming dilute solution,

14. 3) Isotonic solutions have same osmotic pressure.

15. 2)Ethanol + Acetone mixture shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law

16. 4) ∆ F = K f ×=
m 5.12 × 0.078 ; Depression in = 0.4K ; Freezing point
t

17. 4) π = i.C.R.T
1
πα ; P2 > P1 > P3
molecular weight

C6 H 6 C8 H18
18. 2)
n1 = 3 n2 = 2
P1 = 280 mm P2 = 420 mm

33
 3 2
P P1 X 1 + P2 X 2= 280 × + 420 × = 168 + 168= 336 mm of Hg
=
5 5
1000
19. Molality = n ×
weight of solvent
1000
1 = 0.5 × ⇒ w = 500 g
w

34
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