2017 Endsem Paper Solutions
2017 Endsem Paper Solutions
!
! ! !! ! !! !
!!!
𝜓! = 𝑥𝑦𝑧. 𝑒 = 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜙. 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙. 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃. 𝑒 !! !!!
0.5
+0.5
Θ(𝜃) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝜃. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃.
ii)
Make
a
table
with
values
of
Θ 𝜃
for
the
entire
range
of
𝜃 ,
at
intervals
of
10o.
1.0
mark
𝜃(°)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0.5:
0–180
Θ(𝜃)
0
0.03
0.11
0.22
0.32
0.38
0.38
0.30
0.17
0
0.5:
All
correct
values
𝜃(°)
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Θ(𝜃)
–0.17
–0.30
–0.38
–0.38
–0.32
–0.22
–0.11
–0.03
0
iii)
Construct
a
plot
of
Θ 𝜃
against
𝜃
in
the
provided
graph
paper,
using
the
points
in
the
table
made
in
ii)
iv)
Indicate
the
sign(s)
of
lobe(s)
and
position(s)
of
node(s),
in
this
plot,
if
any.
Explicit
indication
of
points
calculated
in
the
table:
0.5
Joining
them
to
get
proper
shape:
0.5
Utilization
of
graph
paper:
0.5
Sign
on
lobe:
0.5
Node:
0.5
1
CH
107
End
Semester
Examination
November
15,
2017
Model
Answers
Full
marks:
24
(b)
For
the
following
orbital:
𝜓 = 𝑁𝑒 !! !!
,
! ! !!" !! 1.5
mark
i)
Find
the
normalization
constant,
N.
Given:
𝑥 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 =
! ! !!!
! !
0.5:
r2dr
4𝜋𝑁 ! 𝜓 ∗ 𝜓𝑟 ! 𝑑𝑟 = 4𝜋𝑁 ! 𝑟 ! 𝑒 !!! !!
𝑑𝑟 = 1
! ! 0.5:
4𝜋
n=2;
α
=
2/a0
in
the
standard
integral
form
0.5:
Correct
! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! !! ! expression
of
4𝜋𝑁 𝑟 𝑒 ! 𝑑𝑟 = 4𝜋𝑁 =𝑁 = 1;
So
, 𝑁 =
! ! !!! ! !! ! !!! ! N
ii)
Calculate
the
average
and
most
probable
values
of
r.
2.0
marks
!
0.5
𝑟 = 4𝜋 𝜓 ∗ 𝑟𝜓𝑑𝑟
!
!
4𝜋 3𝑎! 0.5
= 𝑟𝑒 !!! !!
𝑑𝑟 =
𝜋𝑎! ! ! 2
𝑑 𝜓∗𝜓 0.5
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑟 = 𝑟!" , = 0
𝑑𝑟
𝑑 ! !!!
! !!
𝑁 𝑟 𝑒 = 0
𝑑𝑟
𝑟
𝑒 !!! !!
1− 𝑟 = 0
𝑎!
Hence,
rmp
=
a0
0.5
2
CH
107
End
Semester
Examination
November
15,
2017
Model
Answers
Full
marks:
24
Question
2
(a)
Determine
the
hybridization
of
the
following
orbital:
2.0
marks
𝜓!! = 0.408 𝜙!! – 0.707 𝜙!!! + 0.577 𝜙!!!!
(0.408)2
=
0.166,
(0.707)2
=
0.0.500,
(0.577)2
=
0.333,
0.5
for
square,
s:p:d
=0.166
:
0.500
:
0.333
=
1:3:2
1.0
for
values
Hybridization:
sp3d2
0.5
(b)
Find
the
angle
(in
degree,
correct
to
the
first
place
of
decimal)
between
the
hybrid
orbitals:
2.0
marks
𝜓!! = −0.55𝜙!! + 0.71𝜙!!! − 0.45𝜙!!! ; 𝜓!! = −0.45𝜙!! + 0.71𝜙!!! + 0.55𝜙!!!
𝜓! . 𝜓! 0.5
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
𝜓! 𝜓!
Coefficient
of
2s
is
not
to
be
considered
(no
need
to
write
this
explicitly)
0.5
−0.45×0.55 0.5
for
dot
product
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = !
and
modulus
0.71 + −0.45 ! × 0.71 ! + 0.55 !
−0.45×0.55 0.5
𝜃 = cos !! = 109.15°
0.71 ! + −0.45 ! × 0.71 ! + 0.55 !
(c)
Plot
the
overlap
integral
as
a
function
of
internuclear
distance
for
the
following:
1.0
mark
Straight
line
parallel
to
R-‐axis
with
S
=
0.
(d)
Explain
whether
a
bonding
molecular
orbital
is
the
same
as
a
chemical
bond
or
not.
1.0
mark
No.
Molecular
orbital
is
a
wavefunction
spread
over
the
entire
molecule
while
a
bond
is
the
buildup
of
electron
density
between
two
nuclei.
Each
bond
has
contributions
from
all
MOs.
(e)
Derive
an
expression
for
the
quantum
number
(Jmax)
of
the
energy
level
of
a
rigid
rotor,
which
has
2.0
marks
the
maximum
population
at
a
given
temperature
T.
Energy
of
the
Jth
rotational
level
(in
cm-‐1),
𝜖! ,
is
!
given
by: 𝜖! = 𝐵𝐽(𝐽 + 1),
where
𝐵 = ! .
Here
h
=
Planck’s
constant,
I
=
moment
of
inertia
and
c
!! !"
=
speed
of
light.
𝑃! = ℵ 2𝐽 + 1 𝑒 !!! !"
0.5
3
CH
107
End
Semester
Examination
November
15,
2017
Model
Answers
Full
marks:
24
Question
3
(a)
Consider
a
BH3
molecule
in
xy
plane,
with
one
of
the
B–H
bonds
along
the
x-‐axis.
.
i)
Draw
the
combinations
of
1s
orbitals
of
the
H
atoms,
which
can
give
bonding
and
antibonding
interactions
0.5
mark
with
the
2s
orbital
of
B
atom.
or
ii)
Draw
a
schematic
energy
level
diagram
for
BH3,
using
Molecular
Orbital
Theory.
Energies
of
H
atom
1s
2.0
marks
orbital
and
B
atom
2s
orbital
are
approximately
the
same.
1
each:
two
different
bonding
MOs
(1:2)
NB
π
iii)
Sketch
the
photoelectron
spectrum
of
BH3,
as
you
would
expect
from
this
energy
level
diagram.
1.5
marks
Axes,
Two
lines
and
1:2
intensity
in
the
correct
order:
0.5
each
(b)
Write
the
total
wavefunction
for
the
lowest
energy
electronic
state
of
triangular
H3+
ion.
1.5
mark
𝑁 1𝑠! (1) + 1𝑠! (1) + 1𝑠! (1) . 1𝑠! (2) + 1𝑠! (2) + 1𝑠! (2) 𝛼 1 𝛽 2 − 𝛼 2 𝛽 1
0.5:
product
of
space
and
spin
parts
0.5:
correct
space
part
0.5:
correct
spin
part
4
CH
107
End
Semester
Examination
November
15,
2017
Model
Answers
Full
marks:
24
(c)
Equilibrium
vibration
frequency
(𝜈! )
of
I2
is
215
cm-‐1.
Its
anharmonicity
constant
(𝑥! )
is
0.003.
Energy
of
2.5
marks
! ! !
a
vibrational
level
with
quantum
number
v,
in
cm–1,
is:
𝜖! = 𝑣 + 𝜈! − 𝑣 + 𝑥! 𝜈!
! !
Calculate
the
intensity
of
the
hot
band
(v=1
→
v=2)
relative
to
that
of
the
fundamental
(v=0
→
v=1)
at
300
K.
𝑁! ℎ𝑐 𝜖! − 𝜖! 0.5
for
= 𝑒𝑥𝑝 −
Boltzmann,
𝑁! 𝑘𝑇
0.5
for
hc
0.5
𝜖! − 𝜖! = 𝜈! 1 − 2𝑥!
0.5
for
𝑁! ℎ𝑐𝜈! 1 − 2𝑥! 6.63×10!!" ×3×10! ×215×100× 1 − 2×0.003 consistent
= 𝑒𝑥𝑝 − = 𝑒𝑥𝑝 −
𝑁! 𝑘𝑇 1.38×10!!" ×300 units
𝑁! 0.5
= 0.358
𝑁!
5