INTRODUCTION TO AI

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Q1. Humans are developing machines to make their life _____
a. Complicated
b. Difficult
c. Easier
d. Slow
Ans. c. Easier
Q2. Humans are working hard to create machines with an intent of accomplishing tasks
which are
a. Too tedious for humans
b. Time consuming
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
Ans. c. Both of the above
Q3. Machines are designed for
a. sharing our load
b. making our life easier
c. completing task in less time
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q4. Identify the wrong statement.
a. A machine is artificially intelligent when it can accomplish tasks by itself – collect data,
understand
it, analyse it, learn from it, and improve it.
b. Machines become intelligent once they are trained with some information which helps
them
achieve their tasks
c. AI machines keep updating their knowledge to optimize their output.
d. None of the above
Ans. d. None of the above
Q5. Today’s phones can do much more than just call-up people like _____
a. They help us in navigating.
b. They help us in playing games.
c. They help us to maintain a record of our health and fitness.
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q6. We can’t make “good” decisions without ______
a. Computer
b. Mobile
c. Information
d. Calculator
Ans. c. Information
Q7. A Category of intelligence relating to the ability to process information on the
environment
around us is ___________________
a. Musical Intelligence
b. Naturalist Intelligence
c. Interpersonal Intelligence
d. Kineasthetic Intelligence
Ans. b. Naturalist Intelligence
Q8. A person’s ability to regulate, measure, and understand numerical symbols abstraction
and logic
is called ___________
a. Mathematical Logical Reasoning
b. Musical Intelligence
c. Intrapersonal Intelligence
d. Linguistic Intelligence
Ans. a. Mathematical Logical Reasoning
Q9. ______ is defined as the ability to perceive the visual world and the relationship of one
object
with other.
a. Mathematical Logical Reasoning
b. Musical Intelligence
c. Spatial Visual Intelligence
d. Linguistic Intelligence
Ans. c. Spatial Visual Intelligence
Q10. ______ is the ability to recognize and create sounds, rhythm and sound pattern.
a. Mathematical Logical Reasoning
b. Musical Intelligence
c. Spatial Visual Intelligence
d. Linguistic Intelligence
Ans. b. Musical Intelligence
Q11. A category of intelligence relating to the ability to process information on the
environment
around us is called ________
a. Existential Intelligence
b. Naturalist Intelligence
c. Kineasthetic Intelligence
d. Intrapersonal Intelligence
Ans. b. Naturalist Intelligence
Q12. __________________ is the ability to communicate with others by understanding other
people’s feelings.
a. Existential Intelligence
b. Naturalist Intelligence
c. Kineasthetic Intelligence
d. Interpersonal Intelligence
Ans. d. Interpersonal Intelligence
Q13. All humans have all the _____ intelligences but at different levels.
a. 7
b. 8
c. 9
d. 10
Ans. c. 9
Q14. _________ comprises the crucial part of intelligence.
a. Understanding
b. Decision Making
c. Self Awareness
d. Recognition
Ans. b. Decision Making
Q15. We can’t make “good” decisions without information.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. a. True
Q16. To make a good decision about any situation, we should use _______
a. Past experience
b. Knowledge
c. Information
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q17. When a machine possesses the ability to mimic human traits, i.e., make decisions,
predict the
future, learn and improve on its own, it is said to have _______.
a. Artificial Intelligence
b. Natural Intelligence
c. Machine Understanding
d. Machine Intelligence
Ans. a. Artificial Intelligence
Q18. Which of the following statement is wrong?
a. Machines become intelligent once they are trained with some information which helps
them
achieve their tasks.
b. AI machines also keep updating their knowledge to optimise their output.
c. Humans become more and more intelligent with time as they gain experiences during their
lives.
d. None of the above
Ans. d. None of the above
Q19. Which of the following are common examples of Voice Assistants?
a. Alexa
b. Cortana
c. Siri
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q20. Platforms like Netflix, Amazon, Spotify, YouTube etc. show us recommendations on
the basis
of what we like. This become possible because of _____
a. Artificial Intelligence
b. Machine Intelligence
c. Platform Intelligence
d. Application Intelligence
Ans. a. Artificial Intelligence
Q21. Cortana, Siri are common examples of the _____
a. Antivirus
b. Voice Assistants
c. Operating System
d. Computer Commands
Ans. b. Voice Assistants
Q22. Which of the following are examples of Artificial Intelligence?
a. Google Maps
b. Voice Assistants
c. Facial Detection and Recognition
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q23. _____________________ is the world’s first humanoid.
a. Sophia
b. Sophy
c. Stephen
d. Softy
Ans. a. Sophia
Q24. Any machine that has been trained with data and can make decisions/predictions on its
own can
be termed as ________________
a. MI
b. AL
c. AI
d. IOT
Ans. c. AI
Q25. Which of the following is not an example of AI?
a. Fully Automatic Washing Machine
b. Weather Forecast
c. Facial Recognition
d. Google Maps
Ans. a. Fully Automatic Washing Machine
Q26. An air conditioner can be turned on and off remotely with the help of internet but still
needs a
human touch. This is an example of _____
a. Artificial Intelligence
b. Internet of Things
c. Machine Learning
d. Artificial Learning
Ans. b. Internet of Things
Q27. ______________ is the ‘ability to perceive or infer information, and to retain it as
knowledge to
be applied towards adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.
a. Intelligence
b. Mind game
c. Man Power
d. Human Nature
Ans. a. Intelligence
Q28. Which of the following is an AI enabled?
a. A machine that gets trained first on the training data and then optimizes itself according to
its own
experiences
b. A machine which can automate our surroundings with the help of sensors.
c. A machine which is not trained with any data.
d. None of the above
Ans. a. A machine that gets trained first on the training data and then optimizes itself
according to its
own experiences
Q29. A technology that could mimic human intelligence is _____
a. AP
b. MI
c. AL
d. AI
Ans. d. AI
Q30. What is the meaning of ‘K’ in ‘KWLH’?
a. What I want to Know?
b. What I Know?
c. Know
d. How I learnt this?
Ans. b. What I Know?
Q31. When a machine perform cognitive tasks like thinking, perceiving, learning, problem
solving
and decision making. It is called ____
a. AI enabled machine
b. Electronic Machine
c. Electrical Machine
d. Smart Machine
Ans. a. AI enabled machine
Q32. According to “World Economic Forum” – Artificial Intelligence is ______________
a. the ability of machines to perform cognitive tasks like thinking, perceiving, learning,
problem
solving and decision making
b. the software engine that drives the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
c. not a well-defined technology and no universally agreed definition exists
d. the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly
associated with intelligent beings.
Ans. b. the software engine that drives the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Q33. “AI is not a well-defined technology and no universally agreed definition exists.” This
definition of AI is given by _________
a. NITI Aayog
b. World Economic Forum
c. European Artificial Intelligence
d. Encyclopedia Britannica
Ans. b. World Economic Forum
Q34. ML stands for ____________________
a. Machine Lesson
b. Man Learning
c. Machine Learning
d. Machine List
Ans. c. Machine Learning
Q35. ______________________gives the ability to machines to recognize a human’s face; to
move
and manipulate objects; to understand the voice commands by humans.
a. Machine Learning
b. Deep Learning
c. Artificial Intelligence
d. All of the above
Ans. c. Artificial Intelligence
Q36. Which of the following enable machines to learn by themselves using the provided data
and
make accurate Predictions/ Decisions?
a. Artificial Intelligence
b. Deep Learning
c. Machine Learning
d. None of the above
Ans. c. Machine Learning
Q37. _____ enables software to train itself to perform tasks with vast amounts of data.
a. Artificial Intelligence
b. Deep Learning
c. Machine Learning
d. None of the above
Ans. b. Deep Learning
Q38. _________ is part of Artificial Intelligence.
a. Machine Learning
b. Deep Learning
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
Ans. c. Both of the above
Q39. Which of the following is not correct about AI?
a. AI is making people’s lives easier.
b. AI is advancing and improving the lives of people by working for them and doing some of
their
tasks.
c. AI may increase unemployment in coming years.
d. None of the above
Ans. d. None of the above
Q40. During installation _____ app does not collect any data from the user.
a. WhatsApp
b. Telegram
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
Ans. b. Telegram
Q41. Which of the following mimic human intelligence?
a. AI
b. MMT
c. DL
d. ML
Ans. a. AI
Q42. Which of the following is a domain of AI?
a. Data Science
b. Computer Vision
c. Natural Language Processing
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q43. Which of the following is correct about Data Science?
a. It is a domain of AI
b. It is related to data systems and processes.
c. In this, system collects numerous data, maintains data sets and derives meaning out of
them.
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q44. Which of the following are examples of price comparing website?
a. Blogger, Pricecompare
b. PriceGrabber, PriceRunner
c. Compare, Junglee
d. Shopzilla, funzilla
Ans. b. PriceGrabber, PriceRunner
Q45. ________ domain of AI that depicts the capability of a machine to get and analyse
visual
information
a. AI
b. Computer Vision
c. Data Science
d. Natural Language Processing
Ans. b. Computer Vision
Q46. In computer vision (domain of AI), ____________ can be Input to machines.
a. Photographs
b. Videos
c. Pictures
d. All of the above
Ans.d. All of the above
Q47. Which of the following is an example of Computer Vision?
a. Self-Driving cars
b. Automatic Cars
c. Face Lock in Smartphones
d. All of the above
Ans. d. All of the above
Q48. Smart phone face lock mechanism comes under ____ domain of AI.
a. Data Science
b. Computer Vision
c. Natural Processing Language
d. All of the above
Ans. b. Computer Vision
Q49. Which domain of artificial intelligence deals with the interaction between computers
and
humans using the natural language?
a. Computer Vision
b. Data Science
c. NLP
d. None of the above
Ans. c. NLP
Q50. Email filter is an example of _________
a. Computer Vision
b. Data Science
c. NLP
d. None of the above
Ans. c. NLP
Q51. Which domain of AI works in spam filter?
a. NLP
b. CV
c. Data Science
d. None of the above
Ans. a. NLP
Q52. Which domain of AI scan live objects and analyse them?
a. NLP
b. CV
c. Data Science
d. None of the above
Ans. b. CV
Q53. The main objective of ______ domain of AI is to teach machines to collect information
from
pixels.
a. NLP
b. CV
c. Data Science
d. None of the above
Ans. b. CV
Q54. _______ related projects translate digital visual data into descriptions.
a. Natural Language Processing
b. Computer vision
c. Data Science
d. None of the above
Ans. b. Computer vision
Q55. Amazon’s Alexa is a ___________
a. Smart Mobile
b. Smart Assistant
c. Smart Tablet
d. Smart View
Ans. b. Smart Assistant
Q56. Which of the following is not a smart assistant?
a. Apple’s Siri
b. Amazon’s Alexa
c. Microsoft Cortana
d. IBM Goldy
Ans. d. IBM Goldy
Q57. What we can do with the help of Smart Phone?
a. Online Shopping
b. Online ticket booking
c. Online food order
d. All of the above
Ans. All of the above
Q58. The world of Artificial Intelligence depends upon ______
a. Data
b. Smart Phone
c. Smart Car
d. Value
Ans. a. Data
Q59. Now a days, we are saying data is a new _______________
a. Gold
b. Technology
c. Device
d. Generation
Ans. a. Gold
Q60. Major source of data for many major companies is ____________
a. Smartphone
b. Keyboard
c. Scanner
d. Speaker
Ans. a. Smartphone
Q61. Whenever you download an app and install, it asks you for several permissions to
access your
phone’s data in different ways. So the data which is collected by applications is
__________________
a. ethical
b. unethical
c. illegal
d. weak
Ans. a. ethical
Q62. An alternative to WhatsApp is the ________________ app
a. Telegram
b. Play store
c. BGMI
d. UPI
Ans. a. Telegram
Q63. Artificial is something which is man-made.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
An. a. True
Q64. Humans are said to be an intelligent species.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. a. True
Q65. All the Smart devices are AI-enabled.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. b. False
Q66. Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. a. True
Q67. Deep Learning is the most advanced form of Artificial Intelligence.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. a. True
Q68. Now a days mobile phones are more smart than the phones we had in last century.(T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. a. True
Q69. A kitchen chimney with motion sensor and touch button is an example of AI. (T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. b. False
Q70. All the devices which are termed as “smart” are AI-enabled. (T/F)
a. True
b. False
Ans. b. False

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Fill in the Blanks:

1. The basis of decision making depends upon the availability of ____________and how we
experience and understand it. (information/data/conditions/ past experience/
knowledge/awareness.)
2. A machine can also become intelligent if it is trained with __________ which helps them
achieve
their tasks (data)
True/False:
1. A machine is artificially intelligent when it can accomplish tasks by itself. (True)
2. Is a smart washing machine an example of an Artificially Intelligent devices? (False)
3. Platforms like Netflix, Amazon, Spotify, YouTube etc. show us recommendations on the
basis of
what we like. (True)
Fill in the blanks:
1. One of the major sources of data for many major companies is the device which all of us
have in
our hands all the time______________ (Smartphone/ Mobile Phones)
2. The world of Artificial Intelligence revolves around ___________ (Data)
True/False:
3. All the apps collect some kind of data. (True)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SET 01) - 1 mark
1. What do you understand by linguistic Intelligence?
Linguistic intelligence means intelligence to understand and interpret human natural language
and try
to extract meaning out of it.
OR
Linguistic Intelligence refers to the ability of an individual to understand both written and
spoken
language and the additional ability to write and speak the language too.
OR
This is the intelligence of language and communication. It includes the ability to speak,
articulate, and
express, and convey one’s thoughts and feelings to the outside world in one or more
languages. This
can be at an oral and written level. It also includes the ability to listen to and to understand
other
people.
2. What do you understand by Interpersonal Intelligence?
Understanding human emotions, feelings and influenced by them is known as interpersonal
intelligence.
OR
Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to communicate with others by understanding other
people's
feelings, being influenced by the person.
OR
Interpersonal intelligence refers to the ability of a person to relate well with people and
manage
relationships. It enables people to understand the needs and motivations of those around
them, which
helps strengthen their overall influence.
OR
Interpersonal intelligence refers to the ability to understand social situations and the behavior
of other
people.
3. Define Artificial Intelligence.
A machine is artificially intelligent when it can accomplish tasks by itself - collect data,
understand it,
analyze it, learn from it, and improve it.
OR
When a machine possesses the ability to mimic human traits, i.e., make decisions, predict the
future,
learn and improve on its own, it is said to have artificial intelligence.
OR
Artificial Intelligence is a way of making a computer, a computer-controlled robot, or a
software
think intelligently, in a similar manner to how intelligent humans think.
OR
AI is a form of intelligence; a type of technology and a field of study. AI theory and
development of
computer systems (both machines and software) are able to perform tasks that normally
require
human intelligence.
OR
Artificial Intelligence works to implement human intelligence in machines: creating systems
that
understand, think, learn, and behave like humans.
OR
Artificial Intelligence or AI for short, refers to any technique that enables computers to mimic
human
intelligence. An artificially intelligent machine works on algorithms and data fed to it and
gives the
desired output.
4. Mention two types of machines which have evolved with time.
Television/Mobile Phones/ Ceiling Fans/ Microwave ovens/ Headphones / Speakers/
Harvesters/
Refrigerators/Air Conditioners etc.
(1 mark for any two right answers)
5. What do you understand by mathematical and logical reasoning?
A person's ability to regulate, measure, and understand numerical symbols, abstraction and
logic.
OR
Reasoning is based on previous established facts. To establish a new fact or truth one has to
put it to
the test of reasoning. If the new fact coincides with the previously established facts, it is
called logical
or rational. It is the ability of a person to regulate, measure and understand numerical
symbols,
abstraction and logic.
6. What do you understand by Machine Learning?
Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence which enables machines to improve at
tasks
with experience (data). The intention of Machine Learning is to enable machines to learn by
themselves using the provided data and make accurate Predictions/ Decisions.
OR
Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and
use it to
learn for themselves.
OR
Machine learning is a data analytics technique that teaches computers to do what comes
naturally to
humans and animals: learn from experience.
7. What do you understand by Deep Learning?
Deep Learning is the most advanced form of Artificial Intelligence. In Deep Learning, the
machine is
trained with huge amounts of data which helps it in training itself around the data. Such
machines are
intelligent enough to develop algorithms for themselves.
OR
Deep learning is an artificial intelligence (AI) function that imitates the workings of the
human brain
in processing data and creating patterns for use in decision making.
OR
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning where artificial neural networks, algorithms
inspired by
the human brain, learn from large amounts of data.
8. What are the three domains of AI?
● Data Science/ Big Data
● Computer Vision
● Natural Language Processing (NLP)
9. Name any two examples of Data science?
(Any two out of the following)
Price Comparison Websites/ Website Recommendations/ Fraud and Risk detection/ Internet
search/
Personalized healthcare recommendations / Optimizing Traffic routes in real-time / image
tagging.
10. Name any two examples of Computer vision?
(Any two out of the following)
Self-Driving cars/ Autonomous vehicles Face Lock in Smartphones/ MedicalImaging/ Facial
recognition /Security Systems / Waste Management / Satellite imaging.
11. Name any two examples of Natural Language Processing?
(Any two out of the following)
Email filters/Smart assistants/ Sentiment Analysis/Automatic Summarization/Search results /
Language translation / Digital phone calls.
12. Name any two examples of Machine Learning?
(Any two out of the following)
Virtual Personal Assistants, Recommendation systems like Netflix, Face Apps, Online Fraud
Detection
13. Snapchat filters use _____ and _____ to enhance your selfie with flowers, cat ears etc.
a) machine learning and deep learning
b) data and image processing
c) augmented reality and machine learning
d) NLP and computer vision
Ans: c) augmented reality and machine learning
14. Based on the image below, choose the correct domain or domains of AI required for it:
a) Data
b) NLP
c) Computer Vision
d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans: d) Both (a) and (b)
15. Rock paper and scissors game is based on the following domain:
a) Data for AI
b) Natural Language Processing
c) Computer Vision
d) Image processing
Ans: a) Data for AI
16. Select a game which is based on Data Science domain of AI:
a) Rock Paper and Scissors b) Mystery Animal
c) Emoji Scavenger Hunt d) Pokémon
Ans: a) Rock Paper and Scissors
17. Identify the domain of AI in the following image:
a) Data Science
b) Natural Language Processing
c) Computer Vision
d) Rule Based
Ans: c) Computer Vision
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SET 01) - 2 marks
1. Mention four examples of artificially intelligent applications in our smartphones.
Phone Smart Lock / Snapchat filter / Shopping websites / Netflix / YouTube / Face Detection
/
Google Maps / Emotions recognition / Google assistant / Natural language recognition /
image
detection / beauty filters etc. (2 marks for any four right examples)
2. How does a machine become Artificially Intelligent?
A machine becomes intelligent by training with data and algorithm. AI machines keep
updating their
knowledge to optimize their output.
OR
Machines also become intelligent once they are trained with some information which helps
them
achieve their tasks. AI machines also keep updating their knowledge to optimize their output.
3. Mention four examples of machines that are not AI but confused with AI.
Or
Mention four examples of machines that are smart but not AI.
Automatic gates in shopping malls / remote control drones/ a fully automatic washing
machine/ Air
Conditioner/ Refrigerator/ Robotic toy cars/ Television etc.
4. How does learning and adapting help an AI machine in improvising itself?
An artificially intelligent machine collects real time data and tries to figure out new patterns
in it.
Machines learn in a similar way human being; by supervision or by observation and respond
according to past experiences in similar scenarios. A machine learns from its mistakes. The
more the
machine gets trained on data, the more accurate result it gives.
For example:
Any virtual assistant initially trained with few basic instructions, but with time, the machine
captures
the data fed by the user, may be the wake-up time of the user, sleeping time, dinner time and
so on.
Later in time, the machine gives reminders of similar things on the basis of data and adapts
these new
commands.
OR
Just as humans learn how to walk and then improve this skill with the help of their
experiences, an AI
machine too gets trained first on the training data and then optimizes itself according to its
own
experiences which makes AI different from any other technological device/machine.
5. Pick the odd one out and justify your answer:
a. Snap Chat Filter b. Face Lock in Phone
c. Chatbot d. Image search Option
Ans: Chatbot (1 marks), as it is NLP based, the other three are Computer vision based
(1marks for
justification).
6. Explain how AI works in the following areas (any two):
a. Google Search Engine b. Voice Assistants c. E-commerce websites
a. Google Search Engine:
With the help of AI, Google Search Engine has been turned into Intelligent search which is a
new
network of systems that produces direct answers. It uses voice and image searches and has
incorporated deep learning to fasten the searches with more accuracy.
b. Voice assistant:
AI is being used in voice assistants to recognize words spoken by the user. NLP has
capabilities like
“Speech-to-Text” convert the natural language of the user into text for further processing. As
the
digital assistant answers more and more queries, it “learns” using ML algorithms. The more
tasks it
performs, its ML algorithms help it “learn” from the tasks and the preferences of the user. As
a result,
the digital assistant improves its performance over time.
c. E-commerce website:
With the use of big data, AI in E-Commerce is impacting customer choices by recording the
data of
previous purchases, searched products, and online browsing habits. Product recommendations
provide multiple benefits for E-commerce retailers including: Higher number of returning
customers.
7. How has AI changed the gaming world?
AI has changed the world of gaming by making the game more intelligent by providing them
the
ability to learn using machine learning algorithms. Games these days try to understand human
patterns and give responses on the basis of it and also give new difficulty levels.
OR
AI has changed the gaming world in terms of feel and emotions. Some video games react to
player
skill level. Depending on how well you do, adaptive AI ratchets the game’s difficulty level up
and
down to give you a greater challenge when you need it or to prevent you from rage-quitting
in
frustration. AI can also adapt to your playing style by making the game more exciting.
8. Why training with information/Data is important in Artificial Intelligent devices?
Similar to human beings, AI devices need experience to give better results and improve in
every next
iteration. For giving better results, the machine should be trained with some real data. The
more the
amount of accurate data, the better predictions will be made by the machine. Hence, data is
very
important in AI devices.
OR
The AI devices need to be trained with information / Big data to produce the best possible
accurate
results. All of AI’s learning happens only through this data. So, it makes sense to have as big
a
dataset as is required to include variety, subtlety, and nuance that makes the model viable for
practical
use. Before training, the model is just a theorist.
9. What is Data science? Give an example of it.
Data sciences is a domain of AI related to data systems and processes, in which the system
collects
numerous data, maintains data sets and derives meaning/sense out of them. The information
extracted
through data science can be used to make a decision about it.
OR
Data science is the field of study that combines domain expertise, programming skills, and
knowledge
of mathematics and statistics to extract meaningful insights from data.
OR
Data Sciences, it is a concept to unify statistics, data analysis, machine learning and their
related
methods in order to understand and analyses actual phenomena with data.
For example: a company that has petabytes of user data may use data science to develop
effective
ways to store, manage, and analyze the data.
10. What is Computer Vision? Give an example of it.
Computer Vision, abbreviated as CV, is a domain of AI that depicts the capability of a
machine to get
and analyze visual information and afterwards predict some decisions about it. The entire
process
involves image acquiring, screening, analyzing, identifying and extracting information.
OR
Computer vision is an interdisciplinary field that deals with how computers can be made to
gain highlevel
understanding from digital images or videos.
OR
The Computer Vision domain of Artificial Intelligence, enables machines to see through
images or
visual data, process and analyze them on the basis of algorithms and methods in order to
analyze
actual phenomena with images.
For Example: - Self-Driving cars/ Automatic Cars, Face Lock in Smartphones
11. What is Natural Language Processing? Give an example of it.
Natural Language Processing, abbreviated as NLP, is a branch of artificial intelligence that
deals with
the interaction between machine/computers and humans using the natural language. Natural
language
refers to language that is spoken and written by people, and natural language processing
(NLP)
attempts to extract information from the spoken and written word using algorithms.
OR
Natural Language Processing, or NLP, is the sub-field of AI that is focused on enabling
machine/computers to understand and process human languages. AI is a subfield of
Linguistics,
Computer Science, Information Engineering, and Artificial Intelligence concerned with the
interactions between computers and human (natural) languages, in particular how to program
computers to process and analyze large amounts of natural language data.
OR
In NLP, we teach machines how to understand and communicate in human language. Natural
language refers to speech analysis in both audible speeches, as well as text of a language.
NLP
systems capture meaning from an input of words (sentences, paragraphs, pages, etc.)
For Example: Email filters, Smart assistants: - Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa
12. Where do we collect data from?
Data can be collected from various sources like –
Surveys
Sensors
Observations
 Web scrapping (Internet)
Interviews
Documents and records.
Oral histories
13. Why do we need to collect data?
Data to a machine is similar to food for human being to function. The world of Artificial
Intelligence
revolves around Data. Every company whether small or big is collecting data from as many
sources
as possible. Data is called the New Gold today. It is through data collection that a business or
management has the quality information they need to make informed decisions from further
analysis,
study, and research. Data collection allows them to stay on top of trends, provide answers to
problems, and analyze new insights to great effect.
14. What is data mining? Explain with example.
Data mining is the process of analyzing large data sets and extracting the useful information
from it.
Data mining is used by companies to turn raw data into useful information. It is an
interdisciplinary
subfield of computer science and statistics with an overall goal to extract information
OR
Data mining is an automatic or semi-automatic technical process that analyses large amounts
of
scattered information to make sense of it and turn it into knowledge. It looks for anomalies,
patterns
or correlations among millions of records to predict results, as indicated by the SAS institute,
a world
leader in business analytics.
Example:
Price Comparison websites- They collect data about a product from different sites and then
analyze
trends out of it and show up the most appropriate results.
Data mining is also known as Knowledge Discovery in Data (KDD)
To be moved to chapter no. 3
15. What do you understand by Data Privacy?
The world of Artificial Intelligence revolves around Data. Proper and ethical handling of own
data or
user data is called data privacy. It is all about the rights of individuals with respect to their
personal
information.
Data privacy or information privacy is a branch of data security concerned with the proper
handling
of data – consent, notice, and regulatory obligations. More specifically, practical data privacy
concerns often revolve around: Whether or how data is shared with third parties
16. Is data which is collected by various applications ethical in nature? Justify your
Yes, most of the times, the data collected by various applications is ethical in nature as the
users agree
to it by clicking on allow when the application asks for various permissions. They ask for our
data for
various facilities like - to show us personalized recommendations and advertisements and to
make
their app more accurate and efficient.
OR
No, the data collected by various applications is not always ethical in nature. Sometimes, we
just
share our data to non – trusted third party applications without reading what happens to our
data. This
may lead to unethical use of our data. If one does not want to share his/her data with anyone,
he/she
can opt for alternative applications which are of similar usage and keep the data private. For
example,
an alternative to WhatsApp is the Telegram app which does not collect any data from us.
Note: This is an open-ended question, so both the answers yes/no will be considered right
with
correct justification.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SET 01) - 3/4 marks
1. What is Intelligence? Explain in brief any three types of intelligence that are mainly
perceived by human beings?
Intelligence is the ‘ability to perceive or infer information, and to retain it as knowledge to be
applied
towards adaptive behavior within an environment or context.’
OR
Intelligence is the ability to interact with the world (speech, vision, motion, manipulation),
ability to
model the world and to reason about it, ability to learn, ability to make decisions and to adapt.
OR
Intelligence has been defined in many ways: It involves abstract reasoning, mental
representation,
problem solving, and decision making, the ability to learn, emotional knowledge, creativity,
and
adaptation to meet the demands of the environment effectively.
As per major researches, there are mainly 9 types of Intelligence;
(i) Mathematical Logical Intelligence: A person's ability to regulate, measure, and
understand
numerical symbols, abstraction and logic
(ii) Linguistic Intelligence: Language processing skills both in terms of understanding
orimplementation in writing or speech.
(iii) Spatial Visual Intelligence: It is defined as the ability to perceive the visual world and
the
relationship of one object to another.
(iv) Kinesthetic Intelligence: Ability that is related to how a person uses his limbs in a
skilled
manner.
(v) Musical Intelligence: As the name suggests, this intelligence is about a person's ability to
recognize and create sounds, rhythms, and sound patterns
(vi) Intrapersonal Intelligence: Describes the level of self-awareness someone has starting
from
realizing weakness, strength, to recognizing his own feelings
(vii) Existential Intelligence: An additional category of intelligence relating to religious
andspiritual
awareness.
(viii) Naturalist Intelligence: An additional category of intelligence relating to the ability to
process
information on the environment around us.
(ix) Interpersonal Intelligence: Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to communicate with
others
by understanding other people's feelings and the influence of the person.
2. Differentiate between what is AI and what is not AI with the help of an example?
AI Machine Not AI machine
1. AI machines are trained with data and
algorithm.
2. AI machines learn from mistakes and
experience. They try to improvise on
their next iterations.
3. AI machines can analyses the situation
and can take decisions accordingly.
4. AI based drones capture the real-time
data during the flight, processes it in
real-time, and makes a humanindependent
decision based on the
processed data.
1. Smart machines which are not AI, do not
require training data, they work on
algorithms only.
2. Smart machines work on fixed algorithms
and they always work with the same level
of efficiency, which is programmed into
them.
3. Machines which are not AI cannot take
decisions on their own.
4. An automatic door in a shopping mall,
seems to be AI-enabled, but it is built with
only sensor technology.
While we see a lot of AI applications around us, there still exist a lot of them which are smart
but not
intelligent.
An AI enabled machine should not only recognize, but should also do something with its
gathered
information. Artificial intelligence” must mean a human-made interface with the power to
reason and
integrate knowledge. AI must demonstrate at least some of the following behaviors
associated with
human intelligence: planning, learning, reasoning, problem solving, knowledge
representation,
perception, motion, manipulation and, to a lesser extent, social intelligence, and creativity.
Most IOT items are ordinary things outfitted with sensors and connected to the Internet. For
example,
sensors in your office can recognize shadows or movements, but that doesn’t make them an
example
of artificial intelligence. A fully automatic washing machine can work on its own, but it
requires
human intervention to select the parameters of washing and to do the necessary preparation
for it to
function correctly before each wash, which makes it an example of automation, not AI.
3. How can AI be integrated with non-AI technologies? Explain with the help of an
example.
Today’s world is changing with the adoption of IOT (Internet of Things). IOT is helping in
prominently capturing a tremendous amount of data from multiple sources. The convergence
of AI
(Artificial Intelligence) and IOT can redefine the way industries, business, and economies
function.
AI enabled IoT creates intelligent machines that simulate smart behavior and supports
decision
making with little or no human interference.
While IOT provides data, artificial intelligence acquires the power to unlock responses,
offering both
creativity and context to drive smart actions. Here are some examples:
Ex. 1: Self-driving Cars: Tesla’s self-driving cars are the best example of IoT and AI
working
together. With the power of AI, self-driving cars predict the behavior of pedestrians and cards
in various circumstances. For example, they can determine road conditions, optimal speed,
weather and getting smarter with each trip.
Ex. 2: Robots in Manufacturing: Manufacturing is one of the industries that already
embraced
new technologies like IoT, artificial intelligence, facial recognition, deep learning, Robots
and
many more. Robots employed in factories are turning smarter with the support of implanted
sensors, which facilitates data transmission. Moreover, as the robots are provisioned with
artificial intelligence algorithms, they can learn from newer data. This approach not only
saves time and cost but also makes the manufacturing process better over time.
Ex.3: Weather forecasting System: In a weather forecasting system, where IOT
temperature
sensor and humidity sensors collect data from the physical world, AI tries to figure out
patterns from previous data collected and tries to interpret and give accurate predictions of
upcoming day weather.
Ex.4: Smart Drones: Initially drones were only able to capture photographs, these were not
AI
drones. As the scientist used to analyze the data captured through drones. Now the drones are
incorporated with AI, which helps them to make decisions also on the basis of the picture
they
capture.
*Any one example from above or any other matching example can be given
4. Read the given scenario and answer the questions that follow:
A farmer keeps rabbits in three large hutches that stand in a row in his backyard. Each of
the
hutches is painted different colours – red, yellow and green. Until recently, the number of
rabbits
in the green hutch was twice as large as the number of rabbits in the yellow hutch. Then,
one day,
the farmer took five rabbits out of the left-side hutch and gave them away to the local
school’s pet
corner. He also took half of the rabbits that remained in the left-side hutch and moved
them to the
red hutch.
a. What was the colour of the left-side hutch? Justify your answer with explanation.
The answer is yellow.
Explanation: As we already know at the outset the number of rabbits in the green hutch was
twice as
large as the number of rabbits in the yellow hutch. This means that the number of rabbits in
the green
hutch was an even number. After the farmer removed five rabbits from the left side hutch,
then the
number of rabbits that remained there also became an even number. This is proven by the fact
that it
was divisible by 2. Therefore, before those five were removed, the left side hutch contained
an
uneven number of rabbits hence the left side hutch cannot be the green one, but based on the
given
information, it cannot be the red one. Hence it is yellow.
5. A scenario is given to you below. Read it and answer the questions that follow:
Late one night, a car ran over a pedestrian in a narrow by street and drove away without
stopping.
A policeman who saw the vehicle leave the scene of the accident reported it moving at very
high
speed. The accident itself was witnessed by six bystanders. They provided the following
conflicting
accounts of what had happened:
- It was a blue car driven by a man;
- The car was moving at high speed and its headlights were turned off;
- The car did have license plates; it wasn’t going very fast;
- It was a Toyota and its headlights were turned off;
- The car didn’t have license plates; the driver was a woman;
- It was a grey Ford.
When the car and its driver were finally apprehended, it turned out that only one of the six
eyewitnesses gave a fully correct description. Each of the other five provided one true and
one false
piece of information. Keeping that in mind, can you determine the following:
a. What was the car’s brand? Ans: FORD
b. What was the colour of the car? Ans: BLUE
c. Was the car going fast or slow? Ans: FAST
d. Did it have license plates? Ans: NO
e. Were its headlights turned on? Ans: NO
f. Was the driver a man or a woman? Ans: WOMAN
Explanation: Out of the statements of 6 bystanders, the third statement becomes false as the
policeman who saw the vehicle leave the scene of the accident reported it moving at very
high speed.
Then eliminating all false statements of bystanders, the above results can be extracted.
6. A firefighter has to get to a burning building as quickly as he can. There are three paths
that he
can take. He can take his fire engine over a large hill (5 miles) at 8 miles per hour. He can
take his
fire engine through a windy road (7 miles) at 9 miles per hour. Or he can drive his fire
engine
along a dirt road which is 8 miles at 12 miles per hour. Which way should he choose?
(speed=distance/time)
To reach the destination quickly, the fire fighter has to calculate the time required on the
basis of
given data. Driving his fire engine 5 miles at 8 miles per hour takes 37.5 minutes. Driving his
fire
engine 7 miles at 9 miles per hour takes about 47 minutes. Driving his fire engine 8 miles at
12 miles
per hour takes 40 minutes So he should choose to drive his fire engine over the hill.)
7. A thief has just found a pair of ancient treasure caves. One of the caves is filled with
unbelievable treasure and the other has a fire breathing monster that will eat anyone who
opens
that cave. One cave has a black door decorated with diamonds and the other cave has a
brown door
decorated with sapphires. Each of the doors has an engraved description on top. The
descriptions
say:
a. Black Door: Monster is here.
b. Brown Door: Only One Door speaks the truth.
Which door should the thief open?
The treasure is in the Black door.
Explanation: Let us look at the description on the Brown door. It can be correct or wrong.
Scenario 1: The description on the Brown door is true. Then the description on the Black
door has to
be false. That means that the inscription on the Black door is false and the cave with black
door
contains the treasure!
Scenario 2: The description on the Brown door is false. Then either both the descriptions are
false or
both are true. Both cannot be true as that is impossible and not consistent. That means that
both
descriptions are false.
8. How intelligent robots are helping us in accomplishing dangerous jobs?
Robots let humans avoid some hurtful work:
(i) Lifting up heavy material at the construction site.
(ii) Stirring and mixing metals or liquids at a high temperature.
(iii) Collecting and packaging of radioactive waste.
(iv) Working in contaminated and dusty environments.
9. How AI helps in giving you personalized experience online?
AI based recommendations: AI uses advanced machine learning algorithms to analyze
browser
history, page clicks, social interactions (likes, shares), past purchases, the duration for which
a page
was viewed, location, etc. to gauge customer interests and preferences. AI can help deliver
product
recommendations based on frequently bought items, or related products. It can even help
customize
web pages and elements to suit a customer’s needs. For instance, Netflix does intense
behavior
analysis based on behavior and demographic data to determine the content that will resonate
with
their customers.
Chatbots and Automated Messaging: AI-powered chatbots and messaging agents can enhance
the
customer experience across channels. They can answer simple queries, engage customers,
efficiently
handle multiple interactions,
Automated Service Interactions: AI-driven programs can send automated messages to
customers
regarding a pending service, a part replacement, or a regular order.
Curating Select Products: Amazon has come up with the concept of the Amazon 4-star retail
store.
Products that have received a multitude of 4-star ratings will be offered in this physical store.
Amazon will use its product recommendation engine to identify trending products and
customers’
favorites and bring them to a brick and mortar setting.
10. What do you understand by AI bias? Discuss in detail with some examples.
AI bias is the underlying prejudice in data that’s used to create AI algorithms, which can
ultimately
result in discrimination and other social consequences.
AI Bias can creep into algorithms in several ways. AI systems learn to make decisions based
on
training data, which can include biased human decisions or reflect historical or social
inequities, even
if sensitive variables such as gender, race, or sexual orientation are removed. Amazon
stopped using a
hiring algorithm after finding it favored applicants based on words like “executed” or
“captured” that
were more commonly found on men’s resumes, for example. Another source of bias is flawed
data
sampling, in which groups are over- or underrepresented in the training data.
For Example
Majorly, all the virtual assistants have a female voice. It is only now that some companies
have understood this bias and have started giving options for male voices but since the virtual
assistants came into practice, female voices are always preferred for them over any other
voice. Can you think of some reasons for this?
If you search on Google for salons, the first few searches are mostly for female salons. This
is
based on the assumption that if a person is searching for a salon, in all probability it would be
a female. Do you think this is a bias? If yes, then is it a Negative bias or Positive one?
11. What do you understand by Data Privacy? Discuss in detail with some examples.
Data privacy, sometimes also referred to as information privacy, is an area of data protection
that
concerns the proper handling of sensitive data including, notably, personal data but also other
confidential data, such as certain financial data and intellectual property data, to meet
regulatory
requirements as well as protecting the confidentiality and immutability of the data. It focuses
on how
to collect, process, share, archive, and delete the data in accordance with the law.
Privacy, in the broadest sense, is the right of individuals, groups, or organizations to control
who can
access, observe, or use something they own, such as their bodies, property, ideas, data, or
information.
Control is established through physical, social, or informational boundaries that help prevent
unwanted access, observation, or use. For example:
A physical boundary, such as a locked front door, helps prevent others from entering a
building without explicit permission in the form of a key to unlock the door or a person inside
opening the door.
A social boundary, such as a members-only club, only allows members to access and use
club
resources.
An informational boundary, such as a non-disclosure agreement, restricts what information
can be disclosed to others.
Privacy of information is extremely important in this digital age where everything is
interconnected
and can be accessed and used easily. The possibilities of our private information being
extremely
vulnerable are very real, which is why we require data privacy.
12. What do you understand by AI, ML & DL? How are they different from each
other?
a) Artificial Intelligence (AI)
AI is incorporating human intelligence to machines. Whenever a machine completes tasks
based on a
set of rules that solve problems (algorithms), such an “intelligent” behavior is what is called
artificial
intelligence.
b) Machine Learning (ML)
ML is a subset of AI that uses statistical learning algorithms to build smart systems. The ML
systems
can automatically learn and improve without explicitly being programmed.
c) Deep Learning (DL)
In Deep Learning, the machine is trained with huge amounts of data which helps it in training
itself
around the data. Such machines are intelligent enough to develop algorithms for themselves.
How they differ?
Deep Learning is the most advanced form of Artificial Intelligence out of these three. Then
comes Machine Learning which is intermediately intelligent and Artificial intelligence covers
all the concepts and algorithms which, in some way or the other mimic human intelligence.
 Therefore, AI is the umbrella term which covers ML and DL.
13. Why do apps collect data in our phone?
One of the major sources of data for many major companies is the device which all of us have
in our
hands all the time: Smartphones. Smartphones have nowadays become an integral part of our
lives.
Most of us use smartphones more than we interact with people around us.
For the facilities that smartphones provide us, Apps need a lot of data which is collected from
the user
like details about your face, browsing history, or your geographic location, contact list etc.
This data
is collected with user’s consent which he/she gives at the time of installing an app by clicking
on
“yes” or “allow” options which clearly means that we ourselves are giving permissions to the
Apps.
Permissions by themselves are harmless and even useful to provide users a good mobile
experience.
This data is collected to provide us with a lot of facilities and features which have made our
lives
easier. Another reason to collect the data is to provide us with customized recommendations
and
notifications according to our choices.
One more reason to collect the data is to make their app more accurate and efficient.
14. Should AI replace laborious jobs? Is there an alternative for major unemployment?
Yes, AI should replace laborious jobs.
● AI can replace laborious jobs like lifting of heavy items, working in mines etc.
● AI can indeed automate most repetitive and physical tasks.
● In future, AI would be a good option in the field of architecture and construction.
OR
No, AI should not replace laborious jobs completely as if it replaces laborious jobs
completely, then
there will be no source of income for the daily wage workers due to unemployment. So,
industry
owners can use some machines but more of man power. Hence the production will not get
affected as
humans are smarter than machines since they were the ones who invented AI.
Note: As this is an open-ended question so both the answers (yes/No) are correct but it must
be with
correct justification.
Is there an alternative for major unemployment?
● AI taking over laborious jobs won’t create unemployment. It is just a groundless fear. The
standard
view of technical change is that some jobs are displaced by the substitution of machines for
labour,
but that the fear of total displacement is misplaced because new jobs are created, largely due
to the
suitable for
machines and to other jobs.
● The basic fact is that technology eliminates jobs, not work. If this level of AI revolution
will
happen, lots of job opportunities will be created. For example: 20-30 years ago, being an
accountant
was a lucrative job, but AI took over this job but this created a lot of opportunities, it raised
the
demand of a software engineer, data scientist, etc.
● It will open doors to skillful jobs rather than doing laborious tasks.
● Thus, we will be able to cope with the level of major unemployment, if AI took over
laborious jobs.
15. As Artificially Intelligent machines become more and more powerful, their ability to
accomplish tedious tasks is becoming better. Hence, it is now that AI machines have
started
replacing humans in factories. While people see it in a negative way and say AI has the
power to
bring mass unemployment and one day, machines would enslave humans, on the other
hand, other
people say that machines are meant to ease our lives. If machines over take monotonous
and
tedious tasks, humans should upgrade their skills to remain their masters always.
What according to you is a better approach towards this ethical concern? Justify your
answer.
● AI taking over laborious jobs won’t create unemployment. It is just a groundless fear. The
standard
view of technical change is that some jobs are displaced by the substitution of machines for
labour,
but that the fear of total displacement is misplaced because new jobs are created, largely due
to the
technology-fuelled increase in productivity. Humans have always shifted away from work
suitable for
machines and to other jobs.
● The basic fact is that technology eliminates jobs, not work. If this level of AI revolution
will
happen, lots of job opportunities will be created. For example: 20-30 years ago, being an
accountant
was a lucrative job, AI took over this job but this created a lot of opportunities, it raised the
demand
of a software engineer, data scientist, etc.
● It will open doors to skillful jobs rather than doing laborious tasks.
● Thus, we will be able to cope with the level of major unemployment, if AI took over
laborious jobs.
16. List down various sensors that are present in a smartphone. Also list down the type
of data
which gets collected through them.
ACCELEROMETER [ helps running AR applications and track steps]
GPS [ Location Data]
 Gyroscope [Orientation Data]
Magnetometer [ Direction and Magnetic Field Data]
Biometric Sensors [Fingerprint ,Iris, Face data]
(Case Study) AI and robotics have raised some questions regarding liability. Take for
example
the scenario of an ‘autonomous’ or AI-driven robot moving through a factory. Another
robot
surprisingly crosses its way and our robot draws aside to prevent collision. However, by
this
manoeuvre the robot injures a person.
a) Who can be held liable for damages caused by autonomous systems?
It is actually very difficult to blame anyone in such a scenario. Here is the situation where AI
Ethics
come in to the picture. Here, the choices might differ from person to person and one must
understand
that nobody is wrong in this case. Every person has a different perspective and hence he/she
takes
decisions according to their moralities.
But still if someone is to be liable then it should be the programmer who has designed the
algorithm
of the autonomous vehicle as he/she should have considered all the exceptional conditions
that could
arise.
b) List two AI Ethics.
(Any two out of the following)
AI Bias, AI Access, Data privacy, AI for kids.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SET 02)
1. What is Intelligence?
Answer – Machines that can simplify human life have been created by humans. Machines are
designed to complete jobs that are either time-consuming or too laborious for people to
complete.
Therefore, machines assist us by performing tasks for us, dividing our workload, and making
it
simpler for us to achieve these objectives.
2. What is Artificial Intelligence?
Answer – The replication of human intelligence functions by machines, particularly
computer
systems, is known as artificial intelligence. Expert systems, natural language processing,
speech
recognition, and machine vision are some examples of specific AI applications.
3. What are the different abilities that are involved in Intelligence?
Answer – The abilities that are involved in Intelligence are –
a. Musical Intelligence
b. Mathematical Logic Intelligence
c. Linguistic Intelligence
d. Spatial Visual Intelligence
e. Kinaesthetic Intelligence
f. Existential Intelligence
g. Intrapersonal Intelligence
h. Interpersonal Intelligence
i. Naturalist Intelligence
4. How do you make decisions?
Answer – The basis for decision-making depends on the information that is available and
how we
perceive and comprehend it. Without information, we are unable to make “excellent”
decisions
because we are forced to deal with unknown variables and encounter uncertainty, which
forces us to
make irrational assumptions, flip coins, or roll dice. Knowing something about a situation,
having
experience with it, or having insights into it let us imagine possible outcomes. and how we
might
accomplish or prevent those results.
5. What are the different Applications of Artificial Intelligence?
Answer – Real-time language translators, weather predictions, the first humanoid robot
clever
enough to obtain citizenship, and biometric security systems like the face locks on our
phones! This
all are AI Application.
Let see some of the important AI application –
a. Google – We use Google to search the internet without realizing how effectively it always
provides
us with precise responses. It not only quickly returns the results of our search, but it also
advises and
corrects the grammar of our written words.
b. Hey Siri – These days, we have personal assistants that respond to a single command and
perform
numerous tasks. Several popular voice assistants that are an integral component of our digital
devices
are Alexa, Google Assistant, Cortana, and Siri.
c. FIFA Sports – AI has significantly improved the gaming experience. Many modern video
games
are supported by artificial intelligence (AI), which improves graphics, creates new challenges
for
players, etc.
d. Amazon – AI has taken care of our habits, likes, and dislikes in addition to making our
lives
easier. Because of this, services like Netflix, Amazon, Spotify, and YouTube, among others,
display
recommendations based on our preferences.
e. Social Media – The recommendations, however, go beyond simply reflecting our
preferences; they
also take into account our desire to interact with friends via social media networks like
Facebook and
Instagram. Additionally, they provide us personalized notifications about our online buying
information, construct playlists automatically based on our demands, and more.
f. Chatbot – Our health is also being tracked by AI. There are many chatbots and other
health apps
available that continuously track their users’ physical and emotional wellbeing.
6. What is Machine Learning?
Answer – It is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows robots to get better at tasks over
time
(data). The goal of machine learning is to give computers the ability to learn on their own
utilizing the
supplied data and arrive at reliable predictions and decisions.
7. What is Deep Learning?
Answer – Software can use it to teach itself how to carry out tasks using enormous volumes
of data.
Massive volumes of data are used to train the machine in deep learning, allowing it to learn
from the
data. These devices possess the intelligence to create algorithms on their own.
The most sophisticated type of artificial intelligence among these three is deep learning. The
next
stage is intermediately intelligent machine learning, and artificial intelligence encompasses
all ideas
and techniques that, in some way or another, approximate human intelligence.
8. What is AI Domain?
Answer – The training an artificial intelligence receives determines how intelligent it
becomes.
Datasets are fed into the computer during training. The data given into the AI algorithm
varies
depending on the applications for which it is designed. AI models can be roughly divided into
three
categories based on the type of data they are fed, including:
a. Data Science
b. Computer Vision
c. Natural Language Processing
9. What is the purpose of Data Science in AI?
Answer – Data sciences is an area of AI that deals with data systems and processes. In this
area, a
system gathers a lot of data, maintains data sets, and extrapolates meaning from the data.
The information extracted through data science can be used to make a decision about it.
Example of Data Science – Price Comparison Websites
10. What is Computer Vision?
Answer – The field of artificial intelligence known as CV describes a machine’s capacity to
gather
and analyse visual data before making predictions about it. Image acquisition, screening,
analysis,
identification, and information extraction are all part of the process. Computers can
comprehend any
visual content and respond appropriately thanks to this thorough processing.
Example of Computer Vision – Self-Driving cars/ Automatic Cars / Face Lock in
Smartphones
11. What is the purpose of NLP?
Answer – “Natural Language Processing,” or NLP, is concerned with how computers and
people
interact while utilizing natural language. Natural language processing (NLP), which aims to
extract
information from spoken and written words using algorithms, refers to language that is
spoken and
written by people.
Example of NLP – Email filters / Smart assistants
12. What is AI Ethics?
Answer – AI ethics is a set of moral guidelines and methods meant to guide the creation and
ethical
application of artificial intelligence technologies. Organizations are beginning to create AI
codes of
ethics as AI has become ingrained in goods and services.
13. What is Data Privacy in AI?
Answer – Data privacy is the ability to manage how our digital data is collected, used, and
shared by
various parties. Artificial intelligence is becoming more and more embedded into every part
of our
life as technology improves.
Data is the center of the artificial intelligence universe. Every business, no matter how big or
little, is
collecting data from as many sources as they can. The fact that more than 70% of the data
acquired to
date was just gathered in the previous three years demonstrates how crucial data has grown in
recent
years.
14. What is a AI Bias?
Answer – A occurrence known as machine learning bias, also known as algorithm bias or AI
bias, is
when an algorithm generates results that are systematically biassed as a result of false
assumptions
made during the machine learning process.
15. Why do we need Artificial Intelligence?
Answer – Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that are intelligent and can behave
like
people. In the modern world, AI is required to solve complicated problems, improve our daily
lives
by automating mundane operations, save labor, and carry out a wide range of other duties.
16. What is Deep Learning, and how is it used in real-world?
Answer – A subtype of machine learning called “deep learning” imitates how the human
brain
functions. It is modelled after the neurons found in the human brain and uses neural networks
to
tackle challenging real-world issues. Deep neural learning or the deep neural network are
other names
for it.
Deep learning has some practical applications, including:
a. Adding color to the black-and-white pictures
b. visual computing
c. text production
d. Robots with deep learning, etc.
17. Which programming language is used for AI?
Answer – The top five programming languages used most frequently for creating artificial
intelligence are listed below:
a. Python
b. Java
c. Lisp
d. R
e. Prolog
18. What is the intelligent agent in AI, and where are they used?
Answer – Any autonomous entity that uses sensors to detect its surroundings and actuators to
act on
it might be considered an intelligent agent.
The following applications of AI make use of these intelligent agents:
a. Information Access and Navigations such as Search Engine
b. Repetitive Activities
c. Domain Experts
d. Chatbots, etc.
19. How is machine learning related to AI?
Answer – A subfield or subset of artificial intelligence is machine learning. It is a method of
obtaining AI. Since these are distinct ideas, the relationship between them might be stated as
“AI uses
many machine learning concepts and techniques to solve complicated issues.”
20. What is the use of computer vision in AI?
Answer – Computers may be taught to understand and extract data from the visual
environment, such
as photographs, using an area of artificial intelligence called computer vision. Thus, computer
vision
makes use of AI technology to resolve challenging issues like image processing and object
detection.
21. What are some misconceptions about AI?
Answer – Since the beginning of its development, artificial intelligence has been the subject
of many
myths. The following list includes a few of these myths:
a. AI does not require humans – The first false assumption regarding artificial intelligence
is that it
does not require humans. But in truth, every AI-based system still depends on people in some
way
and will continue to do so. For instance, human data collection is necessary to learn about the
data.
b. AI will take your job – One of the major misconceptions is that AI would eliminate most
occupations, but in truth, it is opening up more options for people to find new employment.
c. AI is harmful to people – Although strong or super AI, which is intelligent enough to
outsmart
people, has not yet been developed, AI is nevertheless potentially harmful to people. If it is
not used
improperly, any strong technology cannot be dangerous.
22. What is a Chatbot?
Answer – A chatbot is a piece of software or an agent with artificial intelligence that uses
natural
language processing to mimic a conversation with users or people. You can have the chat
through a
website, application, or messaging app. These chatbots, often known as digital assistants, can
communicate with people verbally or via text.
22. What are the different areas where AI has a great impact?
Answer – The areas listed below are ones where AI has a significant impact:
a. Autonomous Transportation
b. Education-system powered by AI.
c. Healthcare
d. Predictive Policing
e. Space Exploration
f. Entertainment, etc.
23. What exactly is machine learning? Include 2 examples of how machine learning is
used in
everyday life.
Answer – Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that enables machines to get
better at
tasks over time (data). Making correct predictions and decisions is the goal of machine
learning,
which aims to give machines the ability to learn on their own using the supplied data.
Snapchat filters and the Netflix recommendation engine both use machine learning.
24. Give the names of any four natural language processing apps that are used in real
life
situations.
Answer – the four natural language processing apps used in real life are –
a. Automatic Summarization,
b. Sentiment Analysis,
c. Text classification,
d. Virtual Assistants
25. Categorize the following into data sciences, machine learning, computer vision, and
NLP.
Our lives are now more convenient thanks to recent technology developments. People who
are not
tech adept have benefited greatly from Google Home, Alexa, and Siri. Facelock and facial
recognition features have increased the security of our devices. These developments have
also helped
to make our demands more accessible and practical. These days, you can even use price
comparison
websites to check costs and chatbots to order groceries online.
Did you know that you can even predict how you will look as you age? This is now feasible
thanks to
Snapchat filters and Facebook!
Answer –
a. Alexa, Siri-NLP, Facial Recognition – Computer Vision
b. Facelock – Computer Vision
c. Price comparison websites – Data Sciences
d. Chatbots – NLP
e. Facebook -NLP
f. Snapchat Filters – Machine Learning
26. Give some example of NLP applications (Natural Language Processing).
Answer –
a. Automatic Summarization – Automatic summarization is useful for gathering data from
social
media and other online sources as well as for summarizing the significance of papers and
other
information.
b. Sentiment Analysis – This technique identifies sentiment in a post, or even within a single
post,
where emotion is not always conveyed overtly.
c. Text classification – Text categorization allows you to add predetermined categories to a
document and organize it to make it easier to find the information you need or to carry out
certain
tasks.
d. Virtual assistants – Using speech recognition, virtual assistants can understand our speech
in
addition to recognizing it.