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Assignment CLO 1:
Propositional Logic
Mathematical Logic (CAK1DAB3)
First Term 2024-2025
Instructions:

1. This assignment is due Sunday, October 13, 2024 at 11:59 p.m.. Please submit your work to the corre
sponding submission slot in LMS CeLOE. You need to submit a readable .pdf fifile of this assignment
to the provided submission slot in CeLOE. You can contact your class instructor for more detailed
information. Please make sure that your fifile size do not exceed the maximum fifile size allowed.
2. Please upload your assignment to the LMS CeLOE under the fifile name: A1-<student ID>.pdf,
for example: A1-1301219999.pdf.
3. You may submit this assignment in one the following form:
a. You print this assignment and write your answer using HB/2B pencil or pen with blue/black ink
(handwritten answer). You may add additional A4-sized papers. Afterwards you submit the
scan/photograph of this assignment.
b. You use a .pdf editing tools and write your answer directly using blue/black colored writing.
c. You copy the problem from this assignment to a text/word processing program and type your
answer neatly.
d. You rewrite the problem from this assignment in an A4-sized paper and submit the scan/photograph
of your work.
4. All problems in this assignment are adapted from the textbooks. The problems are written in English.
If you are a student in a regular class, you may answer the problems in Bahasa Indonesia. However, if
you are a student in international class, your answers must be written in English—otherwise your
assignment will not be graded. You may ask your class instructor or teaching assistant for helping you
understanding the problem, but you should not ask them to give the solution of any problem.
5. Be neat and write legibly. You will be graded not only on the correctness of your answers, but also on
the clarity with which you express them.
6. This assignment consists of 10 problems, All the problems worth 10 points each.
7. Please retain yourself from copying answers from elsewhere without understanding the steps. Such an
attitude will not enhance your knowledge. This assignment is an individual evaluation.
8. Important: late submission without reasonable explanation will not be graded and late submissions will
result a point deduction.
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 1 (10 points) Back in 2010, there were three types of new smartphones, namely smartphone A, B, and
C. Smartphone A has 256 MB RAM and 32 GB ROM, and the resolution of its camera is 8 MP. Smartphone B
has 288 MB RAM and 64 GB ROM, and the resolution of its camera is 4 MP. Smartphone C has 128 MB RAM
and 32 GB ROM, and the resolution of its camera is 5 MP. Determine the truth value of each of these propositions
and justify your answers! Provide clear and relevant arguments!

(a). [2 points] Smartphone B has the most RAM of these three smartphones.
SOLUTION:

(b). [2 points] Smartphone C has more ROM or a higher resolution camera than smartphone B.
SOLUTION:

(c). [2 points] Smartphone B has more RAM, more ROM, and higher resolution than smartphone A.
SOLUTION:

(d). [2 points] If smartphone C has more RAM or more ROM than smartphone B, then it also has a higher
resolution camera.
SOLUTION:

(e). [2 points] Smartphone A has more RAM than smartphone B if and only if smartphone B has more RAM
than smartphone C.
SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 2 (10 points) Determine the value of z (the output) of the following programs in Python and justify your
answer! (This program is written in Python 3 syntax, you can test the program using Online Python 3 Tutorial.)

(a). [2 points]

SOLUTION:

(b). [2 points]

SOLUTION:

(c). [3 points]

SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

(d). [3 points]

SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 3 (10 points) State the converse, contrapositive, and inverse of each of these conditional statements.

(a). [3 points] If it snows tonight, then I will stay at home.

SOLUTION:

(b). [3 points] I go to the beach if it is a sunny summer day.

SOLUTION:

(c). [4 points] When I stay up late, it is necessary that I sleep until noon.
Observe that the sentence can be rewritten as “If I stay up late, then I sleep until noon”.
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 4 (10 points) Express these system specifications using the logical connectives and the following
proposi-tions:

𝑝 ∶ “the user enters a valid password”

𝑞 ∶ “access is granted”
𝑟 ∶ “the user has paid the subscription fee”.
(a). [3 points] “Access is granted whenever the user has paid the subscription fee and enters a valid
password”
SOLUTION:

(b). [3 points] “Access is denied (not granted) if the user has not paid the subscription fee”
SOLUTION:

(c). [4 points] “If the user has not entered a valid password but has paid the subscription fee, then access is
granted”
SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 5 (10 points) For each of the following propositional formulas, construct its corresponding truth table
and determine whether the formula is (1) valid, (2) satisfiable, (3) contradictory/ unsatisfiable, and (4) a contin-
gency. Provide relevant arguments for your answer.

(a). [5points] 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 → ¬𝑝⨁¬𝑞

SOLUTION:

(b). [5points] (𝑝⨁𝑞) ↔ (¬𝑝⨁𝑞) ∨ (𝑝⨁¬𝑞)

SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 6 (10 points) Determine whether the following system specifications are consistent or not.

If the file system is not locked, then new messages will be queued.
If the file system is not locked, then the system is functioning normally, and conversely.
If new messages are not queued, then they will be sent to the message buffer.
If the file system is not locked, then new messages will be sent to the message buffer.
New messages will not be sent to the message buffer.

Use the following atomic propositions 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟, and 𝑠:

𝑝 ∶ “the file system is locked”. 𝑟 ∶ “the system is functioning normally”.

𝑞 ∶ “new messages will be queued”. 𝑠 ∶ “the messages will be sent to the message buffer”.

SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 7 (10 points) Determine whether the following system specifications are consistent or not.

The diagnostic message is stored in the buffer or it is retransmitted.

The diagnostic message is not stored in the buffer.
If the diagnostic message is stored in the buffer, then it is retransmitted.
The diagnostic message is not retransmitted.

Use the following atomic propositions:

𝑝 ∶ “the diagnostic message is stored in the buffer”,

𝑞 ∶ “the diagnostic message is retransmitted”.
SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 8 (10 points) In the following problems, you may use truth table.

(a). [5 points] Determine whether 𝑞 → 𝑟 is a logical consequence of 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 → 𝑟.

SOLUTION:

(b). [5 points] Determine whether 𝑝 → 𝑞 is a logical consequence of 𝑝 → 𝑞 ∨ 𝑟.

SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 9 In the following problems, you may use truth table.

(a). [3 points] Determine whether (𝑝 → 𝑞) 𝖠 (𝑝 → 𝑟) and 𝑝 → (𝑞 𝖠 𝑟) are logically equivalent.

SOLUTION:

(b). [3 points] Determine whether (𝑝 → 𝑟) ∨ (𝑞 → 𝑟) and 𝑝 → 𝑟(𝑞 ∨ 𝑟) are logically equivalent.

SOLUTION:
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(c). [4 points] Determine whether ¬𝑝 → (𝑞 → 𝑟) and 𝑞 → (𝑝 ∨ 𝑟) are logically equivalent.

SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

Problem 10 (10 points) For each of these sets of premises, what correct and relevant conclusion can
be drawn? Explain the rules of inference used to obtain each conclusion from the premises. Please
explain your answer clearly.

(a). [5 points]
“I am either dreaming or hallucinating (but not both).”
“I am not dreaming.”
“If I am hallucinating, I see elephants running down the road.”

Use the following atomic propositions: 𝑝 ∶= I am dreaming, 𝑞 ∶= I am halluci- nating, 𝑟 ∶= I see

elephants running down the road.

Choose one of the following conclusions:

(i). I see elephants running down the road
(ii). I didn’t see elephants running down the road
SOLUTION:
Name : NIM: Class:

(b). [5 points]
“Maria was either drowsy or drunk (or both).”
“If Maria was drowsy, then her heartbeat was low.”
“If Maria was drunk, then her breath contained alcohol.”
“If Maria was drowsy, then her driving license will be temporarily revoked.”
“If Maria was drunk, then her driving license will be permanently revoked.”
“Maria’s breath did not contain alcohol.”

Use the following atomic propositions: 𝑝 ∶= “Maria was drowsy”, 𝑞 ∶= “Maria was drunk”, 𝑟 ∶=
“Maria’s breath contained alcohol”, 𝑠 ∶= “Maria’s heartbeat was low”, 𝑡 ∶= “Maria’s driving license
is temporarily revoked”, and 𝑢 ∶= “Maria’s driving license is permanently revoked”.

Choose one of the following conclusions:

(i). Maria’s driving license will be temporarily revoked
(ii). Maria’s driving license will be permanently revoked

SOLUTION: