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MODULE NAME: MODULE CODE:

EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT EDMA7412

ASSESSMENT TYPE: ASSIGNMENT (PAPER ONLY)

TOTAL MARK ALLOCATION: 100 MARKS

TOTAL HOURS: 10 HOURS

By submitting this assignment, you acknowledge that you have read and understood all the rules as
per the terms in the registration contract, in particular the assignment and assessment rules in The
IIE Assessment Strategy and Policy (IIE009), the intellectual integrity and plagiarism rules in the
Intellectual Integrity and Property Rights Policy (IIE023), as well as any rules and regulations
published in the student portal.

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. No material may be copied from original sources, even if referenced correctly, unless it is a
direct quote indicated with quotation marks. No more than 10% of the assignment may
consist of direct quotes.
2. Your assignment must be submitted through SafeAssign.
3. Save a copy of your assignment before submitting it.
4. Assignments must be typed unless otherwise specified.
5. All work must be adequately and correctly referenced.
6. This is an individual assignment.

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Referencing Rubric
Providing evidence based on valid and referenced academic Markers are required to provide feedback to students by
sources is a fundamental educational principle and the indicating (circling/underlining) the information that best
cornerstone of high-quality academic work. Hence, The IIE describes the student’s work.
considers it essential to develop the referencing skills of our
students in our commitment to achieve high academic standards. Minor technical referencing errors: 5% deduction from the
Part of achieving these high standards is referencing in a way that overall percentage. – the student’s work contains five or more
is consistent, technically correct and congruent. This is not errors listed in the minor errors column in the table below.
plagiarism, which is handled differently.
Major technical referencing errors: 10% deduction from the
Poor quality formatting in your referencing will result in a penalty overall percentage. – the student’s work contains five or more
of according to the following guidelines a maximum of ten percent errors listed in the major errors column in the table below.
being deducted from the overall percentage. Please note,
however, that evidence of plagiarism in the form of copied or If both minor and major errors are indicated, then 10% only (and
uncited work (not referenced), absent reference lists, or not 5% or 15%) is deducted from the overall percentage. The
exceptionally poor referencing, may result in action being taken in examples provided below are not exhaustive but are provided to
accordance with The IIE’s Intellectual Integrity Policy (0023). illustrate the error.
Required: Minor errors in technical correctness of Major errors in technical correctness of
Technically correct referencing referencing style referencing style
style Deduct 5% from overall percentage. Deduct 10% from the overall percentage.
Example: if the response receives 70%, Example: if the response receives 70%, deduct
deduct 5%. The final mark is 65%. 10%. The final mark is 60%.
Consistency Minor inconsistencies. Major inconsistencies.
• The referencing style is generally • Poor and inconsistent referencing style used in-
• The same referencing format consistent, but there are one or two text and/or in the bibliography/ reference list.
has been used for all in-text changes in the format of in-text • Multiple formats for the same type of
references and in the referencing and/or in the bibliography. referencing have been used.
bibliography/reference list. • For example, page numbers for direct • For example, the format for direct quotes (in-
quotes (in-text) have been provided for text) and/or book chapters (bibliography/
one source, but not in another instance. reference list) is different across multiple
Two book chapters (bibliography) have instances.
been referenced in the bibliography in two
different formats.
Technical correctness Generally, technically correct with some Technically incorrect.
minor errors. • The referencing format is incorrect.
• Referencing format is • The correct referencing format has been • Concepts and ideas are typically referenced, but
technically correct throughout consistently used, but there are one or a reference is missing from small sections of the
the submission. two errors. work.
• Concepts and ideas are typically • Position of the references: references are only
• The correct referencing format referenced, but a reference is missing given at the beginning or end of large sections
for the discipline has been from one small section of the work. of work.
used, i.e., either APA, OR • Position of the references: references are • For example, incorrect author information is
Harvard OR Law only given at the beginning or end of every provided, no year of publication is provided,
paragraph. quotation marks and/or page numbers for
• Position of the reference: a • For example, the student has incorrectly direct quotes missing, page numbers are
reference is directly associated presented direct quotes (in-text) and/or provided for paraphrased material, the
with every concept or idea. book chapters (bibliography/reference incorrect punctuation is used (in-text); the
list). bibliography/reference list is not in alphabetical
• For example, quotation marks, order, the incorrect format for a book
page numbers, years, etc. are chapter/journal article is used, information is
applied correctly, sources in missing e.g. no place of publication had been
the bibliography/reference list provided (bibliography); repeated sources on
are correctly presented. the reference list.
Congruence between in-text Generally, congruence between the in-text A lack of congruence between the in-text
referencing and bibliography/ referencing and the bibliography/ reference referencing and the bibliography.
reference list list with one or two errors. • No relationship/several incongruencies
• There is largely a match between the between the in-text referencing and the
• All sources are accurately sources presented in-text and the bibliography/reference list.
reflected and are all accurately bibliography. • For example, sources are included in-text, but
included in the bibliography/ • For example, a source appears in the text, not in the bibliography and vice versa, a link,
reference list. but not in the bibliography/ reference list rather than the actual reference is provided in
or vice versa. the bibliography.
In summary: the recording of In summary, at least 80% of the sources are In summary, at least 60% of the sources are
references is accurate and correctly reflected and included in a incorrectly reflected and/or not included in
complete. reference list. reference list.

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Overall Feedback about the consistency, technical correctness and congruence between in-text referencing and bibliography

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At the end of this specific assignment, students should be able to:

• Identify school-related challenges.
• Critically discuss how these school-related challenges impact teaching and learning.
• Critically discuss leadership styles that effectively address school-related challenges.
• Critically discuss how a manager and a leader can influence the culture of the school.
• Critically discuss how school leadership can resolve identified school-related challenges.

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Question 1 (Marks: 100)

Read the extract below from the article: “Children live in a world that is increasingly hostile to
their rights” and write a researched essay of not more than 1500 words based on the given
instructions.

NEW YORK, 20 November 2023 – “Each year on November 20, we mark World Children’s Day to
commemorate the 1989 adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
(CRC) – the most widely ratified human rights treaty in history. By ratifying this international legal
framework, world leaders acknowledged that all children have inalienable rights. And they
promised that governments would ensure that those rights would be protected and upheld.
“Unfortunately, children today are living in a world that is increasingly hostile to their rights.
“Nowhere is this more obvious than in the experience of children impacted by conflicts.
“We estimate that today, 400 million children – or about 1 child in every 5 – are living in or fleeing
from conflict zones. Many are being injured, killed, or sexually violated. They are losing family
members and friends. And some are being recruited and used by armed forces or groups. Many
of them have been displaced multiple times, risking separation from their families, losing critical
years of education, and fraying ties to their communities.

“The United Nations has verified more than 315,000 grave child rights violations in areas under
conflict between 2005 and 2022. And these are only the cases that have been verified which
means the true number of violations is most certainly much higher.
“Beyond conflict zones, children’s rights also are under threat.

“That this coincides with other crises that are infringing on children’s rights is deeply troubling.
These include rising poverty and inequality, public health emergencies and, of course, the global
climate crisis.

“Climate change, in particular, is an existential threat to the health and wellbeing of this and
future generations of children. Globally, more than 1 billion children currently live in countries
that are at ‘extremely high-risk’ from the impacts of climate change. This means half the world’s
children could suffer irreparable harm as our planet continues to warm.

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They could lose their homes or schools to increasingly violent storms … they could suffer from
severe wasting because local crops have dried up from drought … or they could lose their lives
to heat waves or pneumonia brought on by air pollution.

“At no time since the CRC was adopted 34 years ago have children’s rights been in greater
jeopardy.
“And that is why we must act. I urge all of us – from UNICEF and our partners in the child rights
community to governments, civil society organizations, and the private sector – to be stronger
champions and advocates for the fulfillment and protection of children’s rights. This means
supporting the alignment of national legal frameworks with the CRC and other international
standards, and putting those standards into practice.

“It also means reaffirming children’s status as distinct, independent rights holders and ensuring
accountability for violations of children’s rights wherever they occur.

“Today should be a day when we celebrate the advancement of children’s rights across the globe,
but those rights are under attack. We must not be discouraged by this, but more resolved to
ensure that the promise of the Convention on the Rights of the Child is fulfilled, for every child.”
Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell
20 November 2023

https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/children-live-world-increasingly-hostile-their-rights
[Accessed: 18 June 2024]

Instructions:
Write a well-constructed essay stating how South African schools may resolve the challenges
outlined in the above extract. Your essay must include the following points:
• Identify 2 school-related challenges in the above extract and critically discuss how these
challenges will impact teaching and learning.
• Identify and critically discuss two leadership styles that principals of schools can use to
address your identified school-related challenges. Justify your choices using practical
examples integrated with researched theory.
• Critically discuss how school principals can build a positive school culture considering
learner and teacher morale (NB: You may use the recent natural disasters that have

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occurred in various provinces across South Africa namely: Kwa-Zulu Natal – Tornado and
Eastern Cape - Floods)
• Critically discuss the strategy that school leadership should implement to resolve these
identified challenges, including major role players who can assist in resolving these
challenges.

Take careful note of the following:

• Your essay must include an introduction, body (with the relevant headings and sub-
headings) and a conclusion.
• Use the Harvard style of referencing and take careful note of the referencing rubric.
• Do not exceed the word count limit (1500 words).
• Research additional sources apart from your prescribed material to develop your essay.

Reference List
Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell. 2023. “Children live in a world that is
increasingly hostile to their rights”.
https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/children-live-world-increasingly-hostile-their-rights
[Accessed 10 May 2024]

[TOTAL MARKS: 100]

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Rubric: Question 1
Marking Does not meet the required Partially meets required standard Meets the required standard Exceeds the required standard
Criteria standard
School- • School-related challenges are • School-related challenges • School-related challenges • School-related challenges are
related not clearly identified. identified and explained. clearly identified and clearly identified and well
challenges • Critical discussion on the • Discussion on the impact on explained. explained using credible
impact on teaching and teaching and learning lacks • Researched critical discussion additional sources.
[25 Marks] learning not evident. No critical analysis. Some on the impact on teaching • Discussion on the impact on
evidence of research evidence of research. and learning is evident. teaching and learning is
insightfully researched and
critically analysed.
0 – 6 Marks 7 – 12 Marks 13 – 20 Marks 21 – 25 Marks
Marking Does not meet the required Partially meets required standard Meets the required standard Exceeds the required standard
Criteria standard
Leadership • Leadership styles are not • Leadership styles that address • Clear identification of • Leadership style well chosen
styles that clearly identified and does school-related challenges are leadership styles that address to address school-related
address not address school-related identified but poorly justified school-related challenges. challenges.
identified challenges. using practical examples and • Good evidence of researched • Insightful integration of
challenges • No evidence of research researched theory. theory integrated with researched theory and the
[25 Marks] practical examples. use of practical examples.
0 – 6 Marks 7 – 12 Marks 13 – 20 Marks 21 – 25 Marks

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Marking Does not meet the required Partially meets required standard Meets the required standard Exceeds the required standard
Criteria standard
Building a • Skills or factors related to • Skills or factors related to • Skills or factors related to • Skills or factors related to
positive building a positive school building a positive school building a positive school building a positive school
school culture are not clearly culture are identified and culture are clearly identified culture are clearly identified
culture. identified. explained. and explained. and well explained using
• Discussion on how to build a • Discussion on how to build a • Researched critical discussion additional credible sources.
[20 Marks] positive culture displays no positive school culture lacks on how to build a positive • Discussion on how to build a
evidence of research and critical analysis and the use of school culture with the use of positive school culture is
critical thinking, practical examples. relevant examples are evident insightfully researched and
• Some evidence of research. critically analyzed using well
thought-out examples.
0 – 5 Marks 6 – 10 Marks 11 – 15 Marks 16 – 20 Marks
Marking Does not meet the required Partially meets required standard Meets the required standard Exceeds the required standard
Criteria standard
Strategy that • A clear strategy to resolve the • A strategy can be identified • A viable strategy has been • Strategy is viable and clearly
school challenges cannot be but the strategy is not viable chosen with some evidence of formulated. Objectives/goals/
leadership identified. • Discussion on the theoretical integration. strategic intents are clearly
should • Discussion on how to implementation of the • Discussion on the stated.
implement to implement the strategy is strategy lacks theoretical implementation of the • Discussion on the
resolve these incoherent. evidence and critical analysis. strategy is coherent and implementation of the
identified • No mention of key role • Role players who can assist in supported by theoretical strategy is lucid and
challenges. players. resolving the challenges are evidence and critical analysis. supported using credible
mentioned but not well • The way in which key role sources. Argument displays
[20 Marks] integrated into the players can assist is clearly insightful, critical thinking.
implementation of the explained. • The way in which key role
strategy. players can assist is artfully
integrated into the discussion
0 – 5 Marks 6 – 10 Marks 11 – 15 Marks 16 – 20 Marks

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Marking Does not meet the required Partially meets required standard Meets the required standard Exceeds the required standard
Criteria standard
Essay • Contains paragraphs but • Some evidence of essay • Good attempt at formatting • Introduction, body, and
structure and paragraphs have not been formatting. However, of essay to include conclusion can be clearly
academic structured into introduction, introduction, body and introduction, body, and identified. Body makes use of
writing body, and conclusion. conclusion cannot be conclusion. Use of headings relevant headings/sub-
• No or very little attempt at distinctly identified. and sub-heading are evident headings.
[10 Marks] paragraphing. • Some attempt at in the body. • Lucid, coherent paragraphs.
• Poor display of academic paragraphing. • Good attempt at • Excellent academic writing
writing skills. • Academic writing skills paragraphing. skills.
require some attention. • Good academic writing skills
0 – 2 Marks 3 – 4 Marks 5 – 7 Marks 8 – 10 Marks

[TOTAL MARKS: 100]

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