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20 views

Wa0007

Uploaded by

chatindotanatswa09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Walls notes.

A vertical envelope for enclosing space into rooms.

Classes of walls.

Walls are classified into 2 groups

- Load bearing walls.

- Non - load bearing walls.

Load bearing walls are which carry the load of the roof.

Non - load bearing which carry no other load than it's own load/ weight ie the free standing walls eg
boundary walls.

Functions of walls.

- Provide the required sound and thermal insulation.

- Provide fire resistance.

- Give reasonable security and protection to the premises.

- Resist anticipated wind pressure.

Types of walls.

(I)Parapet walls. (ii) Partition walls. ( III) Serpentine walls. (iv) Cavity walls.

(v) Composite walls.

Parapet wall.

A wall which enclosed the roof covering or short walls on the sides of the bridge.

Partition walls.

Walls which divides the house into rooms and is made of different materials.

Serpentine walls.

Are curving in and out walls on the sides of driveways, made of different materials.

Composite walls.

Walls which are made of a combination of materials eg outer part made of face bricks and inner part
made of blocks, concrete, stones or any other type of materials.
Cavity wall.

A wall which consist of 2 leaves and a cavity of 50 mm.

Functional requirements of walls.

Be built of sound materials to withstand the effects of weather.

Strong enough to carry both dead and live loads.

Prevent excessive heat.

Withstand the effects of weather.

Withstand the effects of fire to facilitate the the evacuation of occupants before the wall collapses.

Stability of walls.

Instability of walls is mainly due to horizontal loads such as those resulting from wind pressure, storage
of materials against the wall or earthquakes.

Stability of the walls may be achieved by the following;

Thickening the walls.

Buttressing.

Junctions.

Irregular square walls.

Zig zag walls

Attached piers.

Strength of the wall may be achieved by;

Inserting Brickforce.

Inserting expanded metal.

Thickening the walls.

Bonding the walls.

Serpentine wall.
A curving in and out wall, which is sometimes built on the sides of driveways for decoration purposes.
Screen wall

Is a wall that prevents direct vision of external environment.

Built mostly using screen blocks.

Sometimes created by leaving honey Combs between brick units when constructing walls.
Boundary wall / Durawall.

Is a wall built around an area to prevent trespassers from getting access into the private property.
Retaining wall.

Are walls built to contain a mass of water or earth.

Constructed to guard against sliding rotational, and shear forces.

Have a toe, heal, stem and key


Glass block wall.

Constructed of glass material.

Can be in the form of glass blocks or glass sheets.

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