mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| company |
| guggu |
| hui |
| info |
| infopract |
| information_schema |
| ipttn |
| jmj |
| kappa |
| mysql |
| office |
| office2 |
| performance_schema |
| sani |
| sarneet |
| savi |
| school |
| school55 |
| sys |
| tution |
| vanshika |
| yuvraj |
+--------------------+
22 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use school;

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| s |
| students |
+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> create table e(eid int primary key, ename varchar(50),salary

decimal(7,2),dept varchar(30),doj date);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(101,'john smith',55000,'HR','2023-01-01');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(101,'Lisa Roy',62000,'Finance','2022-06-15');

ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '101' for key 'e.PRIMARY'
mysql> insert into e values(102,'Lisa Roy',62000,'Finance','2022-06-15');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> update e set

-> salary=salary*10/100 ;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+------------+---------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+------------+---------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 5500.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 6200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
+-----+------------+---------+---------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set salary= salary+salary*10/100;

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+------------+---------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+------------+---------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 6050.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 6820.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
+-----+------------+---------+---------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set salary= 52000 where eid=101;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update e set salary= 62000 where eid=102;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update e set salary= salary+salary*10/100;

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(103,'Bina Mia',29000,'Sales','2020-06-20');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(104,'Ransom Ron',12000,'Sales','2020-09-12');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from e where salary<30000;

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into e values(103,'Ransom Ron',120000,'Sales','2020-09-12');
ERROR 1264 (22003): Out of range value for column 'salary' at row 1
mysql> insert into e values(103,'Ransom Ron',95000,'Sales','2020-09-12');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(104,'Harish Hiron',86000,'Purchase','2019-06-19');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(105,'Bari Brown',49000,'Purchase','2021-09-29');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | Purchase | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | Purchase | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set dept = ' finance' where eid=104 and eid=105;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 0 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | Purchase | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | Purchase | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set dept = ' finance' where eid=104 and eid=105;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 0 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> update e set dept = ' finance' where eid=104;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update e set dept = ' finance' where eid=105;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set dept = 'finance' where eid=104;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update e set dept = 'finance' where eid=105;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e where dept=finance;

ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'finance' in 'where clause'
mysql> select * from e where dept='finance';
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ename, salary from e where salary>65000;

+--------------+----------+
| ename | salary |
+--------------+----------+
| Lisa Roy | 68200.00 |
| Ransom Ron | 95000.00 |
| Harish Hiron | 86000.00 |
+--------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e order by salary desc;

+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from e order by salary desc;
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select sum(salary) from e;

+-------------+
| sum(salary) |
+-------------+
| 355400.00 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ename from e where name like"l%";

ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'name' in 'where clause'
mysql> select ename from e where ename like"l%";
+----------+
| ename |
+----------+
| Lisa Roy |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> Select max(salary) from e group by dept;

+-------------+
| max(salary) |
+-------------+
| 57200.00 |
| 86000.00 |
| 95000.00 |
+-------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> Select dept, max(salary) from e group by dept;

+---------+-------------+
| dept | max(salary) |
+---------+-------------+
| HR | 57200.00 |
| Finance | 86000.00 |
| Sales | 95000.00 |
+---------+-------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql>
mysql> SELECT * FROM E WHERE SALARY BETWEEN 50000 AND 80000;
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
+-----+------------+----------+---------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into e values(106,'ravi kumar',NULL,'PURCHASE','2023-10-29');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | PURCHASE | 2023-10-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM E WHERE SALARY IS NOT NULL;
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE E ADD AGE INT ;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | PURCHASE | 2023-10-29 | NULL |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table e modify dept varchar(50);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select distinct ename ,dept from e;

+--------------+----------+
| ename | dept |
+--------------+----------+
| john smith | HR |
| Lisa Roy | Finance |
| Ransom Ron | Sales |
| Harish Hiron | finance |
| Bari Brown | finance |
| ravi kumar | PURCHASE |
+--------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select distinct dept, ename from e;

+----------+--------------+
| dept | ename |
+----------+--------------+
| HR | john smith |
| Finance | Lisa Roy |
| Sales | Ransom Ron |
| finance | Harish Hiron |
| finance | Bari Brown |
| PURCHASE | ravi kumar |
+----------+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select DISTINCT dept, ename from e;

+----------+--------------+
| dept | ename |
+----------+--------------+
| HR | john smith |
| Finance | Lisa Roy |
| Sales | Ransom Ron |
| finance | Harish Hiron |
| finance | Bari Brown |
| PURCHASE | ravi kumar |
+----------+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select DISTINCT dept from e;

+----------+
| dept |
+----------+
| HR |
| Finance |
| Sales |
| PURCHASE |
+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table e rename emplt;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from e;

ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'school.e' doesn't exist
mysql> select * from empl;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'school.empl' doesn't exist
mysql> select * from emplt;
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | PURCHASE | 2023-10-29 | NULL |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT
-> eid,
-> ename,
-> salary - AVG(salary) OVER() AS AvgCompare,
-> CASE
-> WHEN salary >= AVG(salary) OVER() THEN 'HIGH'
->
-> ELSE 'LOW'
-> END AS SalaryStatus
-> FROM emplt;
+-----+--------------+---------------+--------------+
| eid | ename | AvgCompare | SalaryStatus |
+-----+--------------+---------------+--------------+
| 101 | john smith | -13880.000000 | LOW |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | -2880.000000 | LOW |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 23920.000000 | HIGH |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 14920.000000 | HIGH |
| 105 | Bari Brown | -22080.000000 | LOW |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | LOW |
+-----+--------------+---------------+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT eid,ename case when salary>= AVG(slary) over() then 'high' else 'low'
end as salarystatus;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'case
when salary>= AVG(slary) over() then 'high' else 'low' end as salarystatus' at line
1
mysql> SELECT eid,ename case when salary>= AVG(slary) over() then 'high' else 'low'
end as salarystatus;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'case
when salary>= AVG(slary) over() then 'high' else 'low' end as salarystatus' at line
1
mysql> SELECT eid,ename ;
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'eid' in 'field list'
mysql> SELECT eid,ename
-> case
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'case' at
line 2
mysql> select date,eid as 'ddtype';
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'date' in 'field list'
mysql> select doj,eid as 'ddtype';
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'doj' in 'field list'
mysql> select doj,eid as 'ddtype' from emplt;
+------------+--------+
| doj | ddtype |
+------------+--------+
| 2023-01-01 | 101 |
| 2022-06-15 | 102 |
| 2020-09-12 | 103 |
| 2019-06-19 | 104 |
| 2021-09-29 | 105 |
| 2023-10-29 | 106 |
+------------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select eid as 'ddtype' from emplt;

+--------+
| ddtype |
+--------+
| 101 |
| 102 |
| 103 |
| 104 |
| 105 |
| 106 |
+--------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select doj and eid as 'ddtype' from emplt;

+--------+
| ddtype |
+--------+
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
+--------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table emplt rename e;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select * from e where dept in ('sales','hr');

+-----+------------+----------+-------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+------------+----------+-------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
+-----+------------+----------+-------+------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | PURCHASE | 2023-10-29 | NULL |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e where dept in ('finance','hr');

+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e where dept not in ('finance','hr');

+-----+------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | PURCHASE | 2023-10-29 | NULL |
+-----+------------+----------+----------+------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set dept = null where eid= 106;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | NULL | 2023-10-29 | NULL |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e where dept is null;

+-----+------------+--------+------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+------------+--------+------+------------+------+
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | NULL | 2023-10-29 | NULL |
+-----+------------+--------+------+------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from e where dept is not null;

+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table e modify dept varchar(50) not null;

ERROR 1138 (22004): Invalid use of NULL value
mysql> alter table e add marks default 80;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'default
80' at line 1
mysql> alter table e add marks int default 80;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+-------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE | marks |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+-------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL | 80 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL | 80 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL | 80 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL | 80 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL | 80 |
| 106 | ravi kumar | NULL | NULL | 2023-10-29 | NULL | 80 |
+-----+--------------+----------+---------+------------+------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table e add primary key(ename);

ERROR 1068 (42000): Multiple primary key defined
mysql> alter table e add primary key(eid);
ERROR 1068 (42000): Multiple primary key defined
mysql> update e set salary=50000, dept='purchase' where eid=106;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+-------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE | marks |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+-------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL | 80 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL | 80 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL | 80 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL | 80 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL | 80 |
| 106 | ravi kumar | 50000.00 | purchase | 2023-10-29 | NULL | 80 |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update e set salary=50000, dept='purchase',age=21 where eid=106;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from e;

+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+-------+
| eid | ename | salary | dept | doj | AGE | marks |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+-------+
| 101 | john smith | 57200.00 | HR | 2023-01-01 | NULL | 80 |
| 102 | Lisa Roy | 68200.00 | Finance | 2022-06-15 | NULL | 80 |
| 103 | Ransom Ron | 95000.00 | Sales | 2020-09-12 | NULL | 80 |
| 104 | Harish Hiron | 86000.00 | finance | 2019-06-19 | NULL | 80 |
| 105 | Bari Brown | 49000.00 | finance | 2021-09-29 | NULL | 80 |
| 106 | ravi kumar | 50000.00 | purchase | 2023-10-29 | 21 | 80 |
+-----+--------------+----------+----------+------------+------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char(124);

+----------------------+
| char(124) |
+----------------------+
| 0x7C |
+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select char(14);

+--------------------+
| char(14) |
+--------------------+
| 0x0E |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char(1);

+------------------+
| char(1) |
+------------------+
| 0x01 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char('a');

+----------------------+
| char('a') |
+----------------------+
| 0x00 |
+----------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char('B');

+----------------------+
| char('B') |
+----------------------+
| 0x00 |
+----------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char('NULL');

+----------------------------+
| char('NULL') |
+----------------------------+
| 0x00 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char(NULL);

+------------------------+
| char(NULL) |
+------------------------+
| 0x |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char(90,65,95,65);

+--------------------------------------+
| char(90,65,95,65) |
+--------------------------------------+
| 0x5A415F41 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char(70,65,67,69);

+--------------------------------------+
| char(70,65,67,69) |
+--------------------------------------+
| 0x46414345 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select char(70,65,67.3,'69');

+----------------------------------------------+
| char(70,65,67.3,'69') |
+----------------------------------------------+
| 0x46414345 |
+----------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT CONCAT(ENAME,SALARY) AS 'ESAL' FROM E;

+----------------------+
| ESAL |
+----------------------+
| john smith57200.00 |
| Lisa Roy68200.00 |
| Ransom Ron95000.00 |
| Harish Hiron86000.00 |
| Bari Brown49000.00 |
| ravi kumar50000.00 |
+----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT ENAME,CONCAT(ENAME,SALARY) AS 'ESAL' FROM E;

+--------------+----------------------+
| ENAME | ESAL |
+--------------+----------------------+
| john smith | john smith57200.00 |
| Lisa Roy | Lisa Roy68200.00 |
| Ransom Ron | Ransom Ron95000.00 |
| Harish Hiron | Harish Hiron86000.00 |
| Bari Brown | Bari Brown49000.00 |
| ravi kumar | ravi kumar50000.00 |
+--------------+----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT ENAME,CONCAT(ENAME,SALARY) AS 'ESAL' FROM E WHERE SALARY>=50000;

+--------------+----------------------+
| ENAME | ESAL |
+--------------+----------------------+
| john smith | john smith57200.00 |
| Lisa Roy | Lisa Roy68200.00 |
| Ransom Ron | Ransom Ron95000.00 |
| Harish Hiron | Harish Hiron86000.00 |
| ravi kumar | ravi kumar50000.00 |
+--------------+----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT ENAME,CONCAT(ENAME,SALARY) AS 'ESAL' FROM E WHERE SALARY>50000;

+--------------+----------------------+
| ENAME | ESAL |
+--------------+----------------------+
| john smith | john smith57200.00 |
| Lisa Roy | Lisa Roy68200.00 |
| Ransom Ron | Ransom Ron95000.00 |
| Harish Hiron | Harish Hiron86000.00 |
+--------------+----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT ENAME,CONCAT(ENAME,SALARY) AS 'ESAL' FROM E WHERE SALARY<50000;

+------------+--------------------+
| ENAME | ESAL |
+------------+--------------------+
| Bari Brown | Bari Brown49000.00 |
+------------+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT CONCAT(CONCAT(ENAME,'IS A ')JOB) FROM E;

ERROR 1583 (42000): Incorrect parameters in the call to native function 'concat'
mysql> SELECT CONCAT ( CONCAT(ENAME,'IS A ')JOB) FROM E;
ERROR 1583 (42000): Incorrect parameters in the call to native function 'concat'
mysql> SELECT CONCAT ( CONCAT(ENAME,'IS A')DEPT) FROM E;
ERROR 1583 (42000): Incorrect parameters in the call to native function 'concat'
mysql> SELECT concat (concat (ENAME,'IS A')DEPT) FROM E;
ERROR 1583 (42000): Incorrect parameters in the call to native function 'concat'
mysql> SELECT concat (concat (ENAME,'IS A'),DEPT) FROM E;
+-------------------------------------+
| concat (concat (ENAME,'IS A'),DEPT) |
+-------------------------------------+
| john smithIS AHR |
| Lisa RoyIS AFinance |
| Ransom RonIS ASales |
| Harish HironIS Afinance |
| Bari BrownIS Afinance |
| ravi kumarIS Apurchase |
+-------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select lcase(ename) from e;

+--------------+
| lcase(ename) |
+--------------+
| john smith |
| lisa roy |
| ransom ron |
| harish hiron |
| bari brown |
| ravi kumar |
+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ename,lcase(ename) from e;

+--------------+--------------+
| ename | lcase(ename) |
+--------------+--------------+
| john smith | john smith |
| Lisa Roy | lisa roy |
| Ransom Ron | ransom ron |
| Harish Hiron | harish hiron |
| Bari Brown | bari brown |
| ravi kumar | ravi kumar |
+--------------+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select ename,ucase(ename) from e;
+--------------+--------------+
| ename | ucase(ename) |
+--------------+--------------+
| john smith | JOHN SMITH |
| Lisa Roy | LISA ROY |
| Ransom Ron | RANSOM RON |
| Harish Hiron | HARISH HIRON |
| Bari Brown | BARI BROWN |
| ravi kumar | RAVI KUMAR |
+--------------+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select lcase('ms.dutta') as 'name1', lcase('mr.sinha') as 'name2';

+----------+----------+
| name1 | name2 |
+----------+----------+
| ms.dutta | mr.sinha |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,4);

+------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,4) |
+------------------------------------+
| mnop |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-4);

+-------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-4) |
+-------------------------------------+
| |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-6);

+-------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-6) |
+-------------------------------------+
| |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-8);

+-------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-8) |
+-------------------------------------+
| |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-1);

+-------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,-1) |
+-------------------------------------+
| |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,0);

+------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,0) |
+------------------------------------+
| |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,1);

+------------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',-7,1) |
+------------------------------------+
| m |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',1,3);

+-----------------------------------+
| substr('abcdefghijklmnopqrs',1,3) |
+-----------------------------------+
| abc |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ltrim('abcde ifefk');

+-------------------------+
| ltrim('abcde ifefk') |
+-------------------------+
| abcde ifefk |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select ltrim('abcde isavgfwgfefk');

+------------------------------+
| ltrim('abcde isavgfwgfefk') |
+------------------------------+
| abcde isavgfwgfefk |
+------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ltrim('abcde isavgfw gfefk');

+-----------------------------------+
| ltrim('abcde isavgfw gfefk') |
+-----------------------------------+
| abcde isavgfw gfefk |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ltrim('abcde isavgfw ');

+-----------------------------------+
| ltrim('abcde isavgfw ') |
+-----------------------------------+
| abcde isavgfw |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select ltrim('abcde isavgfw ad');
+-------------------------------------+
| ltrim('abcde isavgfw ad') |
+-------------------------------------+
| abcde isavgfw ad |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select rtrim('abcde isavgfw ad');

+-------------------------------------+
| rtrim('abcde isavgfw ad') |
+-------------------------------------+
| abcde isavgfw ad |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select trim('abcde isavgfw ad');

+------------------------------------+
| trim('abcde isavgfw ad') |
+------------------------------------+
| abcde isavgfw ad |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select instr('adnfew','dn');

+----------------------+
| instr('adnfew','dn') |
+----------------------+
| 2 |
+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select instr(ename,'d') from e;

+------------------+
| instr(ename,'d') |
+------------------+
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select instr(ename,'j') from e;

+------------------+
| instr(ename,'j') |
+------------------+
| 1 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select instr(ename,'o') from e;

+------------------+
| instr(ename,'o') |
+------------------+
| 2 |
| 7 |
| 5 |
| 11 |
| 8 |
| 0 |
+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select left('ekjfekw',3);

+-------------------+
| left('ekjfekw',3) |
+-------------------+
| ekj |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select right('ekjfekw',3);

+--------------------+
| right('ekjfekw',3) |
+--------------------+
| ekw |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select right('ew/rf/65',3);

+---------------------+
| right('ew/rf/65',3) |
+---------------------+
| /65 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select power(3,3);

+------------+
| power(3,3) |
+------------+
| 27 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select round(515,5933,-1);

ERROR 1582 (42000): Incorrect parameter count in the call to native function
'round'
mysql> select round(515.5933,-1);
+--------------------+
| round(515.5933,-1) |
+--------------------+
| 520 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select round(514.5933,-1);

+--------------------+
| round(514.5933,-1) |
+--------------------+
| 510 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select sign(-544415)'hiiii';

+-------+
| hiiii |
+-------+
| -1 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select sqrt(5)'hiiiiiii';

+------------------+
| hiiiiiii |
+------------------+
| 2.23606797749979 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select sqrt(-5)'hiiiiiii';

+----------+
| hiiiiiii |
+----------+
| NULL |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select truncate(23,4)'hiiiiiii';

+----------+
| hiiiiiii |
+----------+
| 23 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select truncate(23234342,4)'hiiiiiii';

+----------+
| hiiiiiii |
+----------+
| 23234342 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select truncate(232.34342,4)'hiiiiiii';

+----------+
| hiiiiiii |
+----------+
| 232.3434 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select truncate(232.34342,-1)'hiiiiiii';

+----------+
| hiiiiiii |
+----------+
| 230 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select curdate() +1;
+--------------+
| curdate() +1 |
+--------------+
| 20240910 |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select curdate() ;

+------------+
| curdate() |
+------------+
| 2024-09-09 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select time('2009-12-14 01:02:03') ;

+-----------------------------+
| time('2009-12-14 01:02:03') |
+-----------------------------+
| 01:02:03 |
+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select month() ;

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ')' at
line 1
mysql> select month('jan') ;
+--------------+
| month('jan') |
+--------------+
| NULL |
+--------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select month('january') ;

+------------------+
| month('january') |
+------------------+
| NULL |
+------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select month('may') ;

+--------------+
| month('may') |
+--------------+
| NULL |
+--------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select month('2009-10-6') ;

+--------------------+
| month('2009-10-6') |
+--------------------+
| 10 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select monthname('2009-10-6') ;

+------------------------+
| monthname('2009-10-6') |
+------------------------+
| October |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select dayname('2006-10-6') ;

+----------------------+
| dayname('2006-10-6') |
+----------------------+
| Friday |
+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select dayofweek('2006-10-6') ;

+------------------------+
| dayofweek('2006-10-6') |
+------------------------+
| 6 |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select dayofyear('2006-10-6') ;

+------------------------+
| dayofyear('2006-10-6') |
+------------------------+
| 279 |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select now() ;

+---------------------+
| now() |
+---------------------+
| 2024-09-09 02:07:49 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)