CAST-IN-PLACE

AND PRE-CAST
PREPARED BY: HILADO, JAMILI, DOGELIO, UY, YU

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 Dogelio Industries

CAST-IN-PLACE
Cast-in-place concrete, also known as site-cast concrete or poured-in-place
concrete, is the process of pouring concrete into a designated formwork or mold at
the construction or job site.
 Dogelio Industries

CAST-IN-PLACE

HISTORY
Thomas Edison, an American inventor, patented the
first application of site-cast concrete over 100 years
ago. Previously, cast-in-place concrete was used for
basement walls, causing structural damage and
unsanitary living conditions. Edison recognized the
need to improve this technology for use beyond
basement walls, addressing health concerns, material
availability, and affordability. Today, site-cast concrete
has revolutionized construction techniques and
continues to be a popular choice for construction.

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 Cast-in Place Installation process
FORMWORK REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE CURING AND FORMWORK
PREPARATION: PLACEMENT: PLACEMENT OR HARDENING: REMOVAL:
POURING:

Formwork is a Steel reinforcement, Once the formwork and The concrete needs Once the concrete
temporary structure, such as rebars or reinforcement are in time to gain strength has achieved
mesh, is positioned place, cast-in-place and harden. It is sufficient strength,
often made of wood
within the formwork concrete is poured into essential to provide the formwork must
or metal, that is the formwork. Most proper curing
constructed to define to enhance the be carefully removed
contractors will work conditions, such as
the shape and size of structural integrity to reveal the finished
with a ready-mix maintaining the correct
the concrete element. and durability of the producer that will temperature for optimal element. This is the
The formwork holds concrete element. deliver the concrete to hydration. Cast-in-place final stage when the
the concrete in place The reinforcement is the job site in trucks concrete allows the use concrete structure is
during the curing often an important known as cement of sensors and ready to bear loads
part as it helps to mixers. The producer monitoring systems to and fulfill its intended
stage until it gains
withstand tensile will provide tailor-made continuously check the purpose.
sufficient strength.
concrete, following the progress of your
forces and prevent
requirements of the concrete.
cracking of the
contractor.
element. Dogelio Industries
 Dogelio Industries

Strength
The strength of structures, particularly those built with cast-in-place concrete,

ADVANTAGES OF
allows them to withstand greater loads and weather conditions with remarkable
resilience.

CAST-IN-PLACE Cost-Effectiveness
Site-cast concrete offers cost savings by allowing forms to be reused repeatedly
without the need for specialized equipment, reducing investment in this area.

Insulation
Thermal insulation is crucial in walls, providing protection against harsh weather
and ensuring thermal comfort, especially in areas with high humidity levels. This
insulation also protects against mold, mildew, and insects that can damage the
structure and its occupants.

Versatility
Concrete forms, when used in a structure, can be customized to create unique
shapes, allowing for the creation of complex, curved, or irregular structures.

Smoother Finish
Because cast-in-place concrete is made into one monolithic structure, there are no
marked and unsightly gaps or cracks in the concrete.
 Dogelio Industries

Labor Intensive

DISADVANTAGES
The structure requires skilled labor to assemble and disassemble, including
reinforcement bars, ensuring it meets the required standards.

OF Time Intensive
Form building, concrete curing, and weather conditions can delay construction and

CAST-IN-PLACE curing, causing frustration for large projects and potentially disrupting the entire
schedule.

Weather Dependency
Cast-in-place concrete is highly susceptible to weather conditions. Rain, extreme
heat, or cold can adversely affect the curing process, leading to delays, inconsistent
quality, or the need for protective measures.

Higher Risk of Errors

Since cast-in-place concrete is mixed and poured on-site, there is a higher risk of
errors, such as incorrect mixing ratios, improper curing, or defects in the formwork.
These errors can compromise the structural integrity and aesthetics of the final
product.

Longer Construction Time

Since the concrete is poured and cured on-site, the process takes more time
compared to precast concrete. The need to wait for the concrete to reach adequate
strength before proceeding with construction can extend project timelines.
 PRE-CAST
Precast installation refers to the process of assembling and securing precast
concrete components at a construction site. Precast concrete refers to structural
elements that are manufactured and cured off-site in a controlled environment,
typically in a precast plant, before being transported to the construction site.
 Dogelio Industries

PRE-CAST

HISTORY
Pre-Cast Concrete is a concrete product that is created offsite and then
delivered to its project destination for final use. Pre-Cast is sometimes called
prefabricated or pre-made concrete that is ready to use right away on the
construction site.

Precast concrete, dating back to Ancient Rome, was used to create structures
like aqueducts, tunnels, and the Colosseum and Pantheon. It was a time-
saving and precise method of construction, but was last widely used after
the Roman Empire's fall when stone and mortar became more popular.

Today, precast is widely used in the construction of the superstructure or

frame of a building. And due to its versatility in shape, texture and color, it’s
often used as architectural cladding designed to mimic the appearance of
more costly materials such as limestone, granite or stone. But perhaps the
greatest benefit of precast concrete is that it can serve as both the structural
and architectural element at the same time, providing a total precast
concrete building.

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 Pre- Cast Installation process
SITE ALIGNMENT AND CONNECTIONS AND PROPER BEDDING CONSULT
PREPARATION: PLUMBNESS: JOINTS AND SUPPORT: MANUFACTURER’S
GUIDELINES:

Ensure that the Check that the Follow the Ensure that the base Adhere to the
installation site is precast product is manufacturer’s or bedding for the manufacturer’s
properly prepared properly aligned and guidelines for joint precast product is guidelines and
and level. Any plumb before and connection adequately prepared. specifications for
unevenness or finalizing the details. This includes This might involve handling and
contamination could installation. Use the use of sealants, setting a concrete or installation. These
affect the placement levels, plumb bobs, or grout, or grout bed to support instructions are
and stability of the laser tools to achieve reinforcement as the product. tailored to the
precast product. accurate positioning. specified in the specific product and
installation can provide
instructions. important
information for a
successful
installation.
Dogelio Industries
 Dogelio Industries

Speed of Construction:
Reduced Construction Time: Since precast elements are manufactured off-site, on-

ADVANTAGES OF
site construction activities can proceed simultaneously. This often results in
significantly faster project completion.

PRE-CAST PRODUCTS Cost Efficiency:

Site-cast concrete offers cost savings by allowing forms to be reused repeatedly
without the need for specialized equipment, reducing investment in this area.

Quality Control:
Reduced Labor Costs: On-site labor requirements are reduced as most of the work
is done off-site, leading to potential savings.

Sustainability:
Reduced Material Waste: Precast production often results in less material waste
due to precision in manufacturing.
Energy Efficiency: The thermal properties of precast concrete can contribute to
better energy efficiency in buildings.

Flexibility and Aesthetics:

Design Flexibility: Precast concrete can be molded into a variety of shapes, sizes,
and finishes, allowing for diverse architectural designs.
Reusability: Formwork used in precast production can be reused multiple times,
reducing the overall cost and environmental impact.
 Dogelio Industries

Transportation and Handling:

Logistics Challenges: Transporting large and heavy precast elements to the

DISADVANTAGES
construction site can be logistically challenging and costly, especially for remote
or urban sites.
Damage Risk: There is a risk of damage during transportation or handling, which
can lead to delays and additional costs.

OF Initial Investment:
High Initial Costs: The setup of precast manufacturing facilities and molds requires
a significant initial investment, which may not be justified for smaller projects.

PRE-CAST PRODUCTS
Site Constraints:
Crane Requirements: Precast installation typically requires cranes and other heavy
equipment, which may be difficult to use in confined or difficult-to-access sites.

Joint and Connection Issues:

Potential Weak Points: The joints and connections between precast elements can
be potential weak points in the structure if not properly designed and executed.

Standardization Issues:
Limited Customization: Precast elements are often standardized, which may limit
design flexibility for highly customized projects.
WHEN TO USE CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE
COMPLEX OR CUSTOM DESIGNS:

Complex Geometries: If the structure requires complex or irregular shapes,

cast-in-place concrete offers more flexibility in design. Custom molds and
formwork can be created on-site to achieve unique architectural features.

SITE ACCESSIBILITY AND SPACE CONSTRAINTS:

Limited Site Access: If the construction site has limited access or space for
large cranes and transport trucks, cast-in-place concrete might be more
practical as it doesn’t require the transportation of large precast components.
WHEN TO USE CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE
CONTINUOUS STRUCTURES:

Monolithic Structures: For projects where a continuous, monolithic structure

is desired (e.g., bridges, dams, or large foundations), cast-in-place concrete
ensures uniformity without the need for joints or connections that might be
present in precast components.

ON-SITE ADJUSTMENTS
Design Changes: When the design is likely to evolve during construction, or if
there are uncertainties that might require on-the-fly changes, cast-in-place
concrete allows for greater flexibility to make adjustments on-site.
WHEN TO USE PRECAST CONCRETE
SPEED OF CONSTRUCTION:

Tight Deadlines: If the project has a tight schedule, precast concrete can
significantly reduce construction time since elements are manufactured off-
site and can be installed quickly once delivered.

Concurrent Activities: Precast concrete allows for concurrent site preparation

and component fabrication, further accelerating the overall project timeline.

REPETITIVE DESIGNS:

Modular Construction: When the project involves repetitive elements (e.g.,

multi-story buildings with identical floor plans), precast concrete is highly
efficient, as the same molds can be used repeatedly, reducing costs and
increasing efficiency.

Mass Production: For projects that require a large number of identical

components, such as parking garages or apartment buildings, precast
concrete is ideal for mass production.
WHEN TO USE PRE-CAST CONCRETE
CONTROLLED QUALITY:

HIGH-QUALITY FINISHES: PRECAST CONCRETE IS MANUFACTURED IN A

CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT, ALLOWING FOR BETTER CONTROL OVER QUALITY,
CONSISTENCY, AND FINISHES, MAKING IT SUITABLE FOR PROJECTS WHERE
HIGH-QUALITY AESTHETICS AND FINISHES ARE IMPORTANT.

DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS: FOR STRUCTURES EXPOSED TO HARSH

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, PRECAST CONCRETE’S CONTROLLED
PRODUCTION PROCESS ENSURES CONSISTENT DURABILITY AND STRENGTH.

REMOTE OR DIFFICULT SITES:

REMOTE LOCATIONS: IN REMOTE AREAS WHERE IT MIGHT BE CHALLENGING TO

SET UP A FULL CONSTRUCTION OPERATION, USING PRECAST CONCRETE CAN
MINIMIZE ON-SITE WORK, REQUIRING ONLY THE ASSEMBLY OF COMPONENTS.

HARSH ENVIRONMENTS: IN ENVIRONMENTS WHERE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE

SEVERE, PRECAST CONCRETE OFFERS THE ADVANTAGE OF REDUCING ON-SITE
EXPOSURE TO ELEMENTS, AS MOST OF THE WORK IS DONE IN A FACTORY.
WHEN TO USE PRE-CAST CONCRETE
REDUCED ON-SITE LABOR:

LABOR SHORTAGES: IF THERE IS A SHORTAGE OF SKILLED LABOR OR IF LABOR

COSTS ARE HIGH, PRECAST CONCRETE CAN REDUCE THE NEED FOR ON-SITE
LABOR SINCE MOST OF THE WORK IS DONE OFF-SITE.

SAFETY CONCERNS: PRECAST CONCRETE MINIMIZES ON-SITE WORK, REDUCING

SAFETY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH WORKING AT HEIGHTS, HANDLING WET
CONCRETE, AND OTHER ON-SITE HAZARDS.

SPECIFIC INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENTS:

INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENTS: FOR INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS LIKE BRIDGES,

CULVERTS, OR RETAINING WALLS, WHERE STANDARDIZED ELEMENTS ARE
NEEDED, PRECAST CONCRETE IS OFTEN MORE ECONOMICAL AND EFFICIENT.

SOUND BARRIERS AND FENCING: PRECAST CONCRETE IS COMMONLY USED FOR

SOUND BARRIERS ALONG HIGHWAYS AND FOR FENCING, WHERE QUICK
INSTALLATION AND DURABILITY ARE KEY.
Dogelio Industries

THANK YOU
F O R L I S T E N I N G

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