MW-4:30-5:30

I.The course introduces the students to the history,

theories, principles and processes related to
descriptive cataloging.This is mainly a lecture type of
class with hands on activities for description of
materials using AACR2r, MARC 21 and RDA. This also
discusses specific database design concepts relating
to the structure of FRBR and RDA.
Books
Periodicals
Newspapers
Reference books
Dissertations and theses
Standards
Patents
Maps
Reports
The non-print materials ARE
CATEGORIES INTO TWO:
• audiovisual materials
• electronic materials.
 • Audiovisual materials
Audio- cassettes Videotapes
Motion picture films Slides
Microforms CD-ROMs
DVDs Photograph
 • Electronic materials/resources
e-books, e-journals, e-databases,
e-magazines, e-images, e-audio,
digital library projects, electronic
exhibitions, e-newsletters,
e-conference proceedings, etc
INCLUDE:
• standards,
• patents,
• pamphlets,
• reports,
• dissertations and
• theses, and
• maps and charts, etc.
acquisitions: The process of planning, selecting, ordering, and
receiving materials in a library.

automation: Computerization of library functions, such as checking

books out by computer, ordering materials from vendors or publishers
through connected databases, using the online public access catalog,
and using online or CD-ROM data bases to retrieve information

cataloging: The process of organizing library materials and making

them accessible to library users. Cataloging work is divided into three
parts: descriptive cataloging, subject heading, and classification.
• circulation: Also called access service, this library function mainly
consists of checking in and checking out materials, shelving, shelf
reading, and maintenance of shelves. Circulation duties also
include the maintenance of databases, such as building a users’
database on the computer.

• classification: The number or a combination of letters and

numbers assigned to a work indicating its subject. The purpose
is to have materials of the same subject stand side by side on
the shelves for easy browsing

• interlibrary loan: When users request materials not owned by

one library, the library borrows them from another library on
behalf of the users. The requested materials may be mailed,
delivered, faxed, or electronically transmit ted to the
borrowing library. Many libraries offer free inter library loan
service; others charge a fee.
• library technician: A member of the library staff who is in the
middle level of the personnel hierarchy, who supervises
clerical and student workers, and who is supervised by
librarians. The library technician is also called the library
technical assistant, abbreviated as LTA, or para-professional,
or library support staff. Though there is no national
requirement for this classification, the library technician
customarily has an associate degree or certificate in the field
of Library Technology
• public services: Some times called reader’s services, these
are duties performed in the library’s public area that require
some contact between library staff and users. Reference
services and programming for children are public services.
Circulation used to be considered public service, but
because it now involves the maintenance of databases, it
may be grouped with Technical Services.
• reference: A function in which library staff answer inquiries
of the users. Reference personnel instruct users on the
use of library materials and facilities and assist them in
finding needed materials or information
• reserve: Reserve has two meanings. (1) It refers to materials
kept in closed stacks, allowing more users to access such
materials for a 2 Cataloging and Classification for Library
Technicians shorter period of time. (2) It refers to materials kept
behind the circulation desk that may be checked out only by
the requester
• technical services: Services performed behind the scenes
in the library for the convenience of the library users. These
activities include, but are not limited to, selecting and
ordering materials, cataloging and processing materials,
and maintaining the databases.
•

•
Some libraries may call this function bibliographic control.
organization of information in library and information science
 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL.
Hagler (1997) defines bibliographic control as ‘the sum of all the practical operations
a librarian undertakes to organize documents and their descriptions so that relevant ones
can be located most directly and efficiently in answer to any user’s expressed need.
creating, organizing, managing, updating and exchanging the information about the items
in a library or an archival collection.
The three main functions of bibliographic control tools (Taylor, 2006):
• identifying or finding a particular bibliographic item
• collocating or gathering closely related materials evaluating or selecting the most
suitable item that contains the required information and/or is
• in the appropriate physical form (e.g. on paper or on disc)

The items could be books, electronic resources,maps, musical files, web pages,
computer programs etc
 BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD
is developed as a result of one of the basic tasks of bibliographic control.

Recor
d also as an entry or meta-data, is a uniform description of the
known
item’s characteristics, both physical, e.g. title, author, number of
pages, and intellectual, e.g. main subject of the item.

bibliographic records of a collection are

organized in catalogues.
LIBRARY PERSONNEL
• A library catalog is a kind of bibliographic file. It differs from
a bibliography or a periodical index in that all its records
pertain to items in one or more libraries and carry
information on where items can be located.
• Library catalog represent a single institution’s holdings;
other catalogs show the holdings of several libraries or
collections (union catalogs).
• A library catalog lists, arranges, and describes the holdings
of a specific library collection. Cataloging is a process of
preparing a catalog, or preparing entries for a catalog.
• A library catalog is a record or a list of the collection of a
particular library, or of the collection of many libraries that
are connected electronically
• A library catalogue is a logically arranged inventory and key to
the books (documents)and their contents and it is confined to
the books in a particular library. James Duff Brown
“An organized compilation of bibliographic metadata that represent
the holdings of a particular institution and/or resources accessible in
a particular location” (Joudrey, Taylor, & Miller, 2015

• “A comprehensive list of the books, periodicals, maps, and other materials in a

given collection, arranged in systematic order to facilitate retrieval (usually
alphabetically by author, title, and/or subject)” (Reitz, 2014).

A list of library materials contained in a collection, a library, or a group of

libraries, arranged according to some definite plan.
– The catalog forms the basis for access to the
library’s collectio
The word ‘catalogue’ comes from the Greek phrase Kata logos. Kata
means “according to” or “by

Logos has different meanings. Sometimes, it means simply “words”, sometimes

“order” and other times “reason”.

Catalog is a work in which the list of documents are arranged in a

“reasonable” way in a particular “order” or according to a set “plan
 • Generally speaking, a library catalogue is a list of books and non-
book materials in a particular library or accessible from a
particular library via web, arranged according to a definite plan or
determined order
• It contains specified items of bibliographic information for the purpose of
identification and location of the materials catalogued. .

• Catalog is a work in which the list of documents are arranged in a

“reasonable” way iIf the catalogue in physical form represents the
collection of two or more libraries, the catalogue is termed as union
catalogue.
• If a search is made in multiple resources/databases, it is called
federated searchn a particular “order” or according to a set “plan
• Cataloging is the method used to
create an index to your collection.
• is the process of organizing library
materials and making them
accessible to library users.

• Cataloging is also called bibliographic control,

and understanding the why and how of
bibliographic control is not only vital to staff
working in the cataloging department, it is
important to all library personnel.

• Material should be organized well so

that people can find easily
• The process of creating entries for a catalog. In libraries, this
usually includes bibliographic description, subject analysis,
assignment of classification notation, and activities involved in
physically preparing the item for the shelf, tasks usually
performed under the supervision of a librarian trained as a
cataloger. British spelling is cataloguing.

• By definition cataloguing is the process of

examining a book, pamphlet, periodical, audio
book, videotape, CD-ROM product, software
package, or remote access computer file and
analyzing its subject content for the purposes of
assigning an appropriate classification number and
subject headings
• The process of creating a record for an information source that may
contain descriptive information and/or index terms.

• Cataloguing is a practical aspect. It deals with the making of a

record of all publications available in the library.
• The person who prepares a catalogue is a cataloguer. He
examines each document so as to record it and also
interpret it to meet the different approaches of the
potential users of a catalogue. The process of preparing a
catalogue constitutes cataloguing.

• A cataloguer must posses a thorough grasp of the rules of

the catalogue code used.
•For retrieval-Most collections are too large for
someone to remember every item in the
collection
•For inventory-Catalogs serve as a record of
what is owned and as a reminder of what has
been acquired, lost, replaced, etc.
• To serve as a guide to the collection of
materials acquired for the library
• It also serves users as a retrieval tool
• Libraries generally acquire reading and reference
materials in various physical forms or non-physical
forms such as Internet resources
• It is necessary that a library prepares and provides a
public record of all the materials irrespective of their
physical-forms acquired/accessed by it in order to give the
readers an idea of the entire collection possessed by it.
• Main purpose of a library
catalogue is to aid readers in
making use of the collection of the
library by providing author,
subject, title and other approaches
to the collection
• Serve as a guide to the library
collection accessible by the library to
know its location
 Charles Ammi Cutter, in 1876 (1904, 4th edition),1 who first
explicitly stated the objectives of catalogues: